DE19804703A1 - Color filter enables correct identification of color by person - Google Patents

Abstract

A color recognition device for persons with defective color vision consists of a color filter placed between the eye and the object which amplifies the color contrast, enabling identification of the colored object. The color filter is incorporated within a spectacle lens or a contact lens. The filters are individually selected. An Independent claim is included for an assembly to diagnose the nature and extent of the color vision anomaly.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 5.

Glasses for those with a sense of color are particularly useful because they are made up of certain people Occupations such as B. Electronics technicians are excluded, but therefore these professions could perceive.

However, the current state of literature and technology shows no attempts or indications on helping such people. The cause of the ametropia is very good researched, but no remedies can be found.

With a device according to claim 1, the confusion of colors be prevented. This does not achieve normal color vision, but it does so through enhanced vision Contrasting is possible to distinguish colors.

So z. B. a red-green mix-up with such a device on the color code Detect resistors and thus assign the resistance. Also with different colors marked cables can be prevented from being mixed up.

The device according to claim 5 serves as a diagnostic device to determine the type and degree of ametropia. Our technology (see Fig. 2 and 3) is based on the basic function of an anomaloscope, but is characterized by much easier handling than other models. The principle of color mixing is relatively simple and is characterized by measurable sizes (see form -B-).

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures and are described below described in more detail.

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Fig. 1: Glasses sketch

Fig. 1: Sketch of the diagnostic device (anomaloscope)

Fig. 3: Circuit diagram of the diagnostic device

Our approach to building an anomaloscope is based on Rayleigh's color mixing equation "a. (red, 671) + b. (green, 546) ≅ c. (yellow, 589)" (Rayleigh (1842-1919)). With help of a Anomaloscopes can be the strength of both the protanomaly and the deuteranomaly or the type of Dichromasia can be determined. Basically, such an anomaloscope works by one Color comparison. The test person tries himself in a test field by adding red and Green to produce a yellow that is identical to the specified yellow comparison field. Depending on the type and the strength of the color anomaly, the setting of the color anomaly deviates from the determined area of the Normal sighted.

The "standard device is the Nagel anomaloscope (NAGEL 1907)", which is the Rayleigh equation (see above). Subsequently, further variants of anomaloscopes were developed, such as one by Jaeger in 1982 so-called projection anomaloscope, which allows an examination by changing the filter combination Any spectral color mixing equations allowed and thus not just a diagnostic device for Red / green color defective vision.

The anomaly quotient AQ of the nail anomaloscope is determined from the green-red ratio, which is in Scale divisions are calculated. "Normal observers have anomaly quotients from 0.7 to 1.4. Higher anomaly quotients indicate Deuter anomaly (AQ mostly <1.7), lower anomaly quotients indicate protanomaly (the protanomaly is additionally characterized by the loss of brightness). " In the case of anopic observers (red / green blind) "the specification of the anomaly quotient, which is purely mathematically 0 to ∞ is "senseless". In order to counteract an adaptation of the eye, the Attempted a neutral vote. "For this reason, the Heidelberg Anomaloscope an automatic neutral mood with white light. . . carried out."  

Structure and functionality

In the base plate there are two yellow light emitting diodes (LED) on the left and right, which with Trim potentiometers are set to the same brightness (see appendix). On this the color anomaly is said between the yellow centered special LED, in the housing a red and a green LED are integrated, align. The brightness of the individual LEDs in the middle diode are separated controlled by a 25 kω potentiometer.

A diffuser in the upper part of the anomaloscope causes the emitted light from the LEDs to be diffused, whereby these are not seen as point-shaped but as a larger light source. This serves to facilitate color matching.

The color balance can be carried out at 6 brightness levels, as with a rotary switch between 6 Series resistors (from 0 kΩ to 5 kΩ) can be selected on the two yellow LEDs.

The wavelengths of the LED's were calibrated using a handheld spectrometer that measured the yellow sodium line was checked (yellow (590 +/- 40) nm, red (620 +/- 30) nm, green (560 +/- 35) nm).

Since the green cones at 560 nm are more sensitive than the red cones at 620 nm, a normal sight needs 590 nm more red than green for yellow. (see Figure 1)

In our anomaloscope, we get the green-red quotient from the measured current at the red or green LED:

This is an experiment-specific quotient, which is the Coefficients a, b and c (see Chapter 2.3.1), eye sensitivity and the efficiency of the LEDs includes. Our GRQ quotient is not compatible with the standardized AQ anomalous quotient for standard devices confound.

We carry out the neutral mood by switching off the LEDs and placing two on the inside Incandescent lamps are switched on.

A protanomaler that needs more red in its color balance (I _green <I _red ) therefore has a GRQ between 0 and 1. With a deuter anomaly, I _green <I _red and thus the quotient is greater than 1. We have the possibility based on of the GRQ to make statements about the type and strength of the color sense disorder.

Claims (5)

1. Device, characterized in that the contrast vision is enhanced and the confusion of colors is prevented. (see Fig. 1) 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are color filters in the optical path between the eye and the object. (see Fig. 1) 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that color filter are integrated in the glasses frame or directly in contact lenses. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that individually selected filters can be used. (see Fig. 1) 5. Diagnostic device, characterized in that the type and degree of ametropia can be determined. (see Fig. 2 and 3)