DE19803254A1 - Dynamic location and signal system for use in motor vehicles esp. busses with bus stop displays - Google Patents

Abstract

The system enables identification of the vehicle location at which an action is to be performed, by continuous comparison of the vehicle's position coordinates with message point coordinates. The action is only performed when the vehicle coordinates are identical with the message point coordinates, or lie within a message point field, or on or immediately behind a message point line, or on or between two message point lines.

Description

Task to be solved by the invention

DYNAMO is for use in inner-city, regional and nationwide len public transport is designed and installed in vehicles that serve public transport nen. The task of DYNAMO is the fully automatic and dynamic Er Detection and detection of vehicle locations (location) at which an action should be done such. B. the sending of registration data to vehicle internal and systems external to the vehicle.

In-vehicle systems are e.g. B. Stop announcements, stop announcementsy steme or ticket presser.

External systems are e.g. B. traffic lights (traffic lights), computer-controlled erte operational control systems (RBL) or passenger information systems.

Through the fully automatic and dynamic recording of the locations and the Forwarding of the registration data to the corresponding systems can be obtained. a. egg ne increase in the optimization of the connection security, a "ahead looking "information of passengers waiting at stops about An Arrival and departure times as well as information on the buses themselves Passengers at the next stop.

Solution according to the invention

A navigation unit records while driving and when the vehicle is stationary continuously the location of the vehicle, determines the associated status location coordinates (latitude and longitude) and forwards them to the location identification module further. There the coordinates are a comparison algorithm mus subjected and checked whether the reported location coordinates with Koordi data that belong to the reporting points stored in the vehicle. If this is the case, a reporting point parameterization does the rest Action.

Due to this way of working, the system can be used regardless of location does not require any additional systems for precise location determination. DYNAMO only need to report the points at which a previously defined message sent or an action is to take place, with the associated information (Parameterization) "communicated". This can be done, for example, using a PC Card done.

The location recognition module recognizes that the navigation coordinates are one Correspond to the reporting point, the report belonging to the location is transmitted or carried out the action.  

Advantages of the invention

1. DYNAMO can be used regardless of location and thus enables the Er Identification of the reporting points at practically any point on the street external network.

2. DYNAMO requires or for the highly precise determination of the reporting point the vehicle location no additional correction parameters and is therefore regardless of additional reference stations required for the determination of D-GPS correction data are required.

3. DYNAMO does not require any additional vehicle components such as, for example wise D-GPS radio receiver or odometer.

4. Due to the system structure of DYNAMO cause radio shadowing (Skyscrapers, tunnel passages, etc.) no loss of location.

5. Vehicles equipped with DYNAMO do not need any additional infra structural measures such as B. Location reference systems or beacons.

6. DYNAMO can be used simultaneously for:

• - Internal control of displays and ticket validators
• - LSA interference
• - Dynamization of schedule position and schedule display systems.

Known solutions

Current solutions are mainly based on systems that are ready Position detection Use odometer or tachometer. These systems are only on fixed and measured distances (lines) can be set and also require precisely measured location reference points such as e.g. B. stops and beacons placed on the side of the road.

The disadvantage of these systems is therefore primarily that they are additionally required structural measures as well as in line-related and spatially included restricted area of application.

Systems are currently being tested in so-called reference applications, who use GPS satellites to determine their location.

Since the accuracy that can be achieved with GPS (approx. 100m) is not sufficient, additional systems and correction parameters required.

In addition to the additionally required system compo, these systems also have disadvantages especially loss of location due to radio shading, which u. a. by tall buildings, bridges or tunnels.  

Basic structure

Fig. 1 shows the system structure of DYNAMO. The system consists of the following components installed in the vehicle:

• - Control Panel
• - navigation unit
• - Location detection module
• - Interface manager and driver control for data transfer via Radio, serial or other interfaces.

Definition of the reporting point coordinates

The starting point for a location-dependent action is the determination and determination the coordinates at which an action is to take place.

Fig. 2 provides a detailed explanation of the procedure . It shows a digitized section of the federal road B199 in Schleswig-Holstein.

Digitized roads are divided into individual sections. And everyone Section begins with an initial network node and on a subsequent one end node ends. A network node is defined as a point where two streets meet, such as B. an intersection. These points are recorded digitally and as vectors z. B. in Gauss-Kruger coordinates or described in WGS 84 coordinates. Every initial network node is above it a reference point for distance information and so refer also all distance information of the bus lines set up on a route section Stops at this point.

Coordinates are determined in advance from the map data described, where a message is to be sent or an action is to take place: the so-called reporting points and reporting point coordinates.

A reporting point is shown in FIG. 4. It can consist of a single pair of coordinates and form a reporting point or of several pairs of coordinates and then represent a reporting point field (area).

Navigation unit Vector dependent location determination

The task of the navigation unit is to continuously determine the driving location, both in moving and in stationary "driving operation". she requires various sensors and modules such as B. wheel sensors or GPS receiver and a CD-ROM on which the digitized road map is filed.

The navigation unit is able to locate locations even in heavily built-up areas Areas or during tunnel passages.

In order to keep positioning errors to a minimum, the navigation unit needs Refe reference points at which it realigns itself or "synchronizes. To this For this purpose, it runs a digitized street map stored on a CD-ROM with, on which individual sections of the route with vectors in the WGS 84 coordina system (length and width) are described. A vector can be used as a Point defined at which two streets intersect or it can be part of one Be a chain of individual vector points that simulate a curve.

For better understanding, the sequence described is "simulated" on the route section used in chapter 2.2 in FIG .

The navigation system continuously determines the "current" location coordinates and forwards them to the downstream assembly.

Time-dependent location determination

Configuration controls can be used to determine whether the locations should only be recorded at the vector points or whether this should also be the case between the vector points.

If, for example, the location coordinates are determined at intervals of 1 second, the following speed-dependent resolutions are obtained:
at: 40 km / h it is: 11.1 m
at: 50 km / h it is: 13.9 m
at. It is 80 km / h: 22.2 m.

Action-dependent location determination

Another way of determining the location depends on a defined one Action. In this case, the controller asks the location coordinates directly from the Navigation unit and immediately forwards it to the location detection.

Such actions can be defined, for example, as:
a action = [vehicle stands] + [open door]
b Action = [vehicle stands] + [close door]
c Action = ["Position" button pressed]
d action = [emergency call triggered]
etc.

Location detection formatting

Data can only be compared to one another if it has the same format ben. However, as already stated, the coordinates can be so different formats such as Gauß-Krüger or WGS 84.

Another point is the units of measurement of the longitudes and latitudes straight. In addition to the achievable accuracies, they also determine the number Bytes that will be needed in the data storage and during a data transmission. As an example, the following are the ones used for this application most standards described.

In the "Formatting" software module, the data of the reporting point and Location coordinates to a uniform format and dimension formatted unit. The goal is the format of the position specification in Nav.E.

In this format, the position data from the "navigation unit" on hand over the "location detection".

Detect location

The software module "location detection" has the primary task of recognizing whether the location coordinates "Stk" adopted by the navigation unit are identical to the coordinates of a reporting point "Mpk" or whether they lie within the reporting point field (see Fig. 4) .

For this purpose, the module compares each incoming pair of pieces (length and width) with the Mpk coordinate pairs stored in a location memory. If a piece is recognized, the "Name" and "Parameters" of the Mpk are transferred to the next processing level , the interface manager. See Fig. 5.

Determine reporting parameters

Depending on the location and the action required for this location the messages to be sent are generated.

The following are examples of such actions to be carried out examples.  

example 1 Vehicle stops at a bus stop Action = [vehicle stands] + [open door]

After the vehicle has stopped and the door has been opened, the control asks Location coordinates from the navigation unit and forwards them to the location Detection continues. Are the location coordinates of the stop in the location Memory entered, the associated message parameters are sent via Da transmitted to the head office.

Example 2 The vehicle sends LSA data to an LSA intersection computer Action = [direct LSA influence]

The navigation unit continuously determines the location coordinates and guides forward them to location detection.

Detects this when comparing the pieces with the reporting point coordinates Mpk one Correspondence, the parameters belonging to the reporting point are per LSA radio transmitted to the LSA.

Example 3 Driver presses the emergency button Action = [emergency call triggered]

After pressing the emergency button, the control asks the current one Location coordinates from the navigation unit and forwards them to the location Detection continues. The "Emergency call" message parameter is generated there and with the Location coordinates transmitted to the headquarters (or police) by radio data transmission.

Example 4 Driver closes the door at a stop Action = [vehicle stands] + [close door]

After the door has been closed, the next stop is displayed.

Structure of the reporting parameters

Each reporting point is identified with a "name" and contains others Information that describes the reporting point on the one hand and that of the depending on the action to be performed.

Here are two examples:

Interface manager and driver control

As can be seen from the previous chapters, location-dependent forwarded messages to different destinations.

As a rule, these are:

• - Data radio telegrams to a control center
• - LSA radio telegrams to an intersection computer
• - Serial telegrams to bus internal devices.

Accordingly, the reporting pa provided by the location recognition module Transfer parameters to their respective destinations via different interfaces become.

The interface manager takes on this task.

It recognizes the tasks based on the two field names "Name" and "Action" and goals and determines the interface to be used and its Pa Rametrization. The data is then forwarded to the driver control and broadcast.

Claims (6)

1. The dynamic location and reporting system DYNAMO is characterized in that
the detection of the location or the vehicle position at which an action is to be carried out is carried out by an ongoing comparison of the vehicle's own location coordinates "Stk" with so-called reporting point coordinates "Mpk" ( Fig. 6, Fig. 7) and
the action to be carried out only takes place if the location coordinates are identical to the reporting point coordinates: Stk = Mpk ( Fig. 7) or
the action to be carried out only takes place if the location coordinates are within a reporting point field: Stk = [within Mpkf] ( Fig. 7). or
the action to be carried out only takes place if the location coordinates lie on or directly behind a reporting point line ( FIG. 7) or
the action to be carried out only takes place if the location coordinates are on or between two reporting point lines. 2. The dynamic location and reporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the formats of the location coordinates and reporting point coordinates are not identical have to be table. 3. The dynamic location and reporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the location coordinates by longitude and latitude Lx, Bx ( Fig. 6) be written. 4. The dynamic location and reporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that
the reporting point coordinates from a longitude and latitude Ly, By be and describe a reporting point ( Fig. 6) or
the reporting point coordinates consist of a length and several latitudes or vice versa and describe a reporting point line or
the reporting point coordinates consist of a longitude and latitude that describe a reporting point plus an area-defining parameter such as B. a radius with which a reporting point area around the reporting point is described: designation "reporting point field" or
the reporting point coordinates consist of several degrees of longitude and latitude that describe a reporting point area: designation "reporting point field" ( FIG. 6). 5. The dynamic location and reporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection of the locations at which an action is to be carried out, oh ne additional system aids, infrastructural location detection measures or reference aids. 6. The dynamic location and reporting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the location detection is not a route-related or line-related pre required (line-related: e.g. bus line 12).