DE19758104B4 - Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor for the absolute determination of a rotation angle, in particular for determining the steering angle in a motor vehicle by means of a mounted over an angular range of 360 ° codes for determining the angle, wherein the code and a detector array are arranged rotatably relative to each other and wherein an absolute angle determination by reading the contrast information is carried out by means of a microprocessor, which determines both the angular position of the code and the fine resolution of the angle by the relative position of the recognized code for imaging on the photodetector array and at the same time the overall function of the system is checked and adjusted in each measurement, according to patent 197 05 312. characterized in that the code is determined by means of a single-point mounted photodetector array and used for angle determination that abge a coherent segment of the code track on at least one photodiode line is formed, wherein at least one codeword is detected, which corresponds to a predetermined angle, and that the position of the codeword with respect to the fixed position of the ...

Description

The The invention relates to an adaptive absolute steering angle sensor for Absolute determination of a rotation angle, in particular for determination the steering angle in a motor vehicle by means of a via a Angular range of 360 ° attached Codes for the Determining the angle, the code and a detector arrangement are arranged rotatably relative to each other, wherein an absolute Angle determination by reading the contrast information by means of A microprocessor takes care of both the angular position of the code as well as the fine resolution the angle through the relative position of the recognized code for illustration determined on the photodetector and at the same time at each Measurement the overall function of the system is checked and adjusted, according to patent 197 05 312.

Of the Invention is based on the object, the determination of the absolute Angular position of a rotor, in particular the steering wheel of a motor vehicle, continue to improve.

According to the invention Code by means of a photodetector array mounted in a single location determined and used for angle determination. Furthermore, a coherent segment the code track imaged on at least one photodiode line, wherein recorded at least one code word is, which corresponds to a predetermined angle, and the location of the Codewords will be regarding the fixed position of the photodetector line.

For this is the code chosen that he over the entire circumference in the viewing area of the photodetector array not repeated. The code is single-track, unique and closed. The sensor has the advantage that over known methods the angular resolution not from the resolution the code of the code track and not the number of code words but only from the resolution the sensors of the photodetector arrangement depends, d. h., That the angular resolution regardless of Code is. Without the use of the reference mark hangs the angular resolution from the number of codewords. If at least one code word of the code track is detected by the photodetector array, one would have 360 codewords an angular resolution of a degree.

There the angular resolution not depending on the number of codewords should be possible few Codewords can be used to sen sensor sensitivity to environmental influences, such as z. As pollution, to reduce. This is z. B by use of 6-bit or 7-bit codes instead of 8-bit codes.

The Measured by software in one Microcontroller made this, the image data of the photodetector array used.

to further increase the resolution can at least two different illustrations of one or more Peripheral codes are imaged on the photodetector array.

The Code track can be illuminated with parallel light or from a Side lit up.

In A further embodiment provides that the code on an optics so on the photodetector line is shown that with a readout cycle of the line both the absolute angle information determined as well as the overall function of the system is checked and adapted.

For monitoring The system functions can have at least one reference shadow the photodetector line will be projected. For contamination in the Range of optical components can then z. B. the power of the light sources by raising the control current easily adapted become. Also, the failure of individual detectors of the photodetector array is noticed and can be compensated by arithmetical measures. The reference silhouettes can through appropriate software both cyclically and by individual activation of a computer-controlled monitoring device be generated.

Farther Is it possible, that for the compensation optical and mechanical tolerances the edge steepness and image size of the detector line signals are evaluated.

Of the Angle range is within 0 ° 360 ° over the Driving speed of the vehicle determined. To capture the absolute Steering angle even with disconnected vehicle systems, the steering angle by briefly switching on the steering angle sensor in time intervals, in which no rotation preferably greater than 180 ° is possible determined.

The fact that the angle can be evaluated very quickly in the range of 360 ° with a single photodetector arrangement, the system is suitable by simply Mitregistrieren the 360 ° excess and thus for several revolutions. In order to ensure this not only for driving, the system must be switched on in standby mode for a short time, the switch-on intervals are selected so that no steering wheel rotation greater than 360 ° is possible in this interval. Since the system has an interface to the vehicle computer for data transmission, the vehicle speed can be taken over from there to the Zero range of the steering angle to define, because at a certain speed in normal vehicles no steering angle over z. B. +/- 90 ° from the zero position from mobile.

at An adaptive absolute angle sensor is still at least a light source for provided the illumination of an angular range of the code, and it is a photodetector arrangement for provided the detection of the illuminated angle range of the code, wherein the light source and the photo-detector array is a microcontroller assigned.

In a first embodiment are light source as two light emitting diodes symmetrical to optical axis arranged, these together with the photodetector array and an optic are provided on the same side of the annulus.

In a second embodiment is a translucent in bright areas of the code circular encoder ring intended. Furthermore, at least one light-emitting diode on one side of the coding ring and the photodetector array the other side of the Codierringes arranged. Optics are preferred provided on the side of the light-emitting diode.

to increase the safety of the angle sensor and the detection of code errors is provided in a further embodiment that the photodetector array has two sensors with respect to the course of the code track for their synchronous viewing vertically above one another are arranged and that the Images of both sensors are compared. By the Comparison of the two pictures can local pollution particles (code, optics) as well as sensor errors detected become. As sensors can two line sensors or two superimposed ones Sections of a surface sensor provided be.

In In another embodiment, two sensors for synchronous registration adjacent code words of the code track arranged horizontally next to each other.

When Photodetectors are preferably charge coupled devices (CCD) intended.

The Light-dark lines of codewords should be used to further reduce the sensor sensitivity environmental influences preferably huge Have dimensions. Preferably, the light-dark lines of the Code words a width of 2 to 3 mm.

In an embodiment is provided that between Light source and the transparent coding ring arranged a screen is, and that the Optics and the photodetector array on the other side of the coding ring are provided.

In a further embodiment has a transparent coding ring sections next to each other lying cylindrical lenses for generating the code and mapping the Light sources on the photodetector on. In this embodiment an additional Optics saved. The cylindrical lenses produce stripes of different colors Brightness on the photodetector array.

In A further embodiment provides that the coding ring is a prismatic Cross-section, wherein one in the axial direction of the Codierringes radiating light source is arranged.

In a further embodiment are juxtaposed in sections on a transparent coding ring Cylinders or lenses for generating the code and imaging the light sources arranged on the Fotodetektoranorndung, wherein the cylinder extend in the axial direction of the Codierringes and with an end face are attached to the coding ring and the light sources are assigned and with its other exposed faces of the photodetector array assigned. Through areas with and without cylinders and design the density or with and without lenses, a code can be applied and be detected accordingly. The exposed faces of the Cylinders are appropriate plan or lenticular educated.

In an embodiment is the transparent coding ring, the translucent areas and opaque Has areas associated with at least one point-like light source. In a first embodiment, two point-shaped light sources are next to each other provided at a constant distance and a single photodetector arrangement. These Arrangement has the advantage that, despite the change the radial distance of the Codierringes by radial impact of the Steering wheel or despite change the distance between the components by mechanical or thermal influences due to the different shadows of the two light sources, whose distance remains constant, the position and angular position of the code can be detected accurately on the photodetector array.

The same advantageous effect can be achieved that a punctiform light source and two at different distances to the light source one above the other arranged photodetector lines are provided.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the angle-determining code on the Coding ring is assigned at least one reference code. In this case, the reference code can be arranged next to the angle-determining code, or be provided above and below the angle-determining code.

The Invention is based on embodiments explained by drawings become. Show it:

1 the basic structure of a steering angle sensor for performing the method according to the invention in a reflected light variant;

1a the top view of a portion of the code track;

2 the assignment of the photosensitive cells of a CCD line to the voltage amplitudes;

3 an embodiment of the steering angle sensor, in which additionally a shadow image is projected onto a CCD line;

4 a plan view of a code with a coarse and a fine range;

4a a section through the code arrangement with associated optical assemblies.

5 a transmitted light variant of the steering angle sensor;

5a the top view of a portion of the code track;

6 an embodiment of the steering angle sensor with two vertically superimposed LCD lines, which is associated with a code track;

6a a side view of the embodiment of the 6 ;

7 an embodiment of the steering angle sensor with two vertically superimposed CCD rows, each associated with a code track;

7a a side view of the embodiment of the 7 ;

8th an embodiment of the steering angle sensor with two horizontally adjacent CCD rows;

9 an embodiment with injected codes in a plastic ring;

10a , b an embodiment of the coding by means of cylindrical lenses;

11 a coding ring with prismatic cross section;

12a a coding ring with cylinders;

12b a coding ring with lenses arranged directly thereon;

13 a coding ring with a laser diode as a light source;

14a , b a coding ring with two laser diodes as a light source;

15a , b a coding ring with a laser diode and two downstream CCD lines;

16 the combination of an angle-determining code with an adjacent reference code;

17 the combination of an angle-determining code with above and below the reference code;

18 the assignment of the illumination and the CCD line to the combination 17 ;

19 that by the arrangement 19 generated signal.

On the circumference of 360 ° of a rotatable circular ring 1 a steering device is a digital, single-lane code 2 appropriate. The code is designed to span the entire circumference in a viewing area 3 not repeated. It can be described as one-lane, clear and closed. For the determination of the absolute steering angle within 360 °, this one-lane code suffices.

The viewing area 3 is through light emitting diodes 4 and 5 illuminated and via an optic 6 on a photo detector line 7 displayed. This photodetector line is designed as a charge-coupled detector line (CCD line). The code 2 in the viewing area 3 is according to the 1a executed as a black and white code. The code is contrasted by the photodetector line on a microcontroller 8th given. This evaluates the contrast differences, decodes them and gives the angular position via an interface 9 to the vehicle 10 further.

The entire unit is powered by a power supply 12 from the 12 volt vehicle network 13 provided.

For detecting the angular position, in this method, a coherent segment of the code track, namely the viewing area 3 , on the photo detector line 7 displayed. Within 0 to 360 °, the absolute steering angle can be determined uniquely with a resolution dependent on the selected code. The viewing area is chosen so that at least one codeword 29 ( 2 ) the code track from the CCD line 7 is detected. Each codeword corresponds to a steering angle, the angular resolution depending on the number of codewords. With 360 codewords one has a resolution of one degree. In this way, the rough angle is determined.

In this method, a high resolution, ie a fine angle determination, regardless of the resolution of the code track code and the number of code words is achieved. This is done according to the 2 in the viewing area 3 the position from the beginning 25 and from the end 26 a codeword 29 with respect to a fixed reference mark 28 of the fixed photodetector. The reference mark is provided at pixel No. 64 in this embodiment. The measurement is done purely software in the microcontroller 8th of which the image data of the photodetector line 7 used.

The result is the location 27 of the codeword with respect to the reference mark 28 the photodetector line 7 , measured with the resolution of the photodetector. The position or the distance of the codeword to the reference mark and thus the angular resolution of the steering angle sensor is thus dependent only on the resolution with which the photodetector line dissolves the viewing area. In the exemplary embodiment, the photodetector line has 128 Pixels, with which steering angle resolutions of <0.2 ° can be achieved. The absolute angle is thus composed of the codeword and the position of the codeword to the photodetector row.

Since the resolution of the steering angle sensor provided that the viewing area 3 detected at least one code word, only depends on the resolution of the photodetector line, the light / dark lines of the codeword can have large dimensions, eg. B. 2-3 mm. It is useful to use a code with as few code words as possible. This is z. B. by the use of 6-bit or 7-bit codes instead of z. B. 8-bit codes reached. As a result, the sensor sensitivity to environmental influences, such. As pollution, reduced.

In the 2 are on the x-axis 21 the linear assignment of the photosensitive cells of the CCD line in the viewing area and on the y-axis 22 the associated voltage amplitudes are shown. Is the code in the viewing area 3 very good on the photo detector line 7 Imaged, there are very clear contrast differences with correspondingly sharp demarcations. If the image is blurred due to excessive radial tolerance or contamination, a raw signal of the photodetector line results 7 whose course is the graph 23 equivalent. Through a well-known curve analysis and evaluation in the microcontroller 8th the code is reconstructed so that subsequently the signal train 24 is present. By evaluating the amplitudes as a function of the number of photodetectors of the photodetector line 7 The gain can be increased or the luminance at the diodes as the contamination progresses or components age 4 and 5 be adjusted accordingly adaptive. These settings can also be adjusted over the scope or viewing range. Axial tolerances are simply over the height of the code track 2 balanced.

To further increase the sensitivity of the steering angle sensor according to the 4 and 4a be further developed. The code on a scope 41 is in an upper rough area 42 to detect the 0 to 360 ° and in a lower fine range 43 divided up. On the photo detector line 7 is used to determine the coarse angle of a light emitting diode 45 illuminated rough code area 42 about a look 47 displayed. Subsequently, the fine code area 43 by means of a light emitting diode 46 lit and a smaller section of an optic 48 on the photo detector line 7 displayed. This smaller section may in turn contain a code that covers +/- 10 °. Both optics are through a shutter 44 separated. By imaging a smaller section, the resolution and accuracy can be increased accordingly.

Another embodiment of the steering angle sensor is in 3 shown. The arrangement corresponds to that of 1 However, to test the overall system is a monitoring and interface microprocessor 11 is provided, in which a software is installed, either at power and / or cyclically one or more light-emitting diodes 32 and 33 turns on, over a mask 34 on the photo detector line 7 be imaged. By sequentially switching on the diodes 32 and 33 One or more shadow images are successively generated on the photodetector line. Thus, the function of the overall arrangement can be checked over all components. For contamination in the optical components can then z. B. the light output of the light emitting diodes 4 and 5 be easily adjusted by appropriate increase of the control current. The failure of individual detectors of the photodetector line is noticed and can be compensated by arithmetic measures.

During the entire operating period in which the measurements of the steering angle take place, it is possible, by evaluating the rise and fall times of the signals in accordance with 2 , the amplitudes of the signals and the mapping of the code 2 Not only to monitor the overall system in the sense of a diagnosis, but also to compensate for tolerances and to maintain the accuracy of almost all operating influences.

While in the 1 an embodiment of the steering angle sensor is shown, which operates with incident light, shows the 5 a sensor that works with transmitted light. In this case, a circular ring 54 in the range of the light lines of a code 53 translucent. Inside the ring is a light emitting diode 52 and an optic 55 arranged. Both are a photodetector line outside the annulus 51 assigned. The code 53 according to the 5a corresponds to the code of 1a , The code track is in this case illuminated by parallel light.

In the embodiment of 6 and 6a are two line sensors 65 and 66 provided the same code track 62 look at different places. Both are arranged vertically with respect to the course of the code track and cover the viewing area 63 synchronous but at different positions 67 . 68 ,

By comparing the two images local pollution particles, eg. B. on the code or the optics, and sensor errors are detected. Instead of two single row line sensors 65 and 66 can also be an area sensor 61 be used for this feature.

In the embodiment of 7 and 7a is a code 73 with two tracks 71 . 72 provided as it is from the 7a is apparent. Each of the two code tracks is using a line sensor 65 . 66 or different lines of a surface sensor 61 considered. The code of the second code track can now z. B. be inverse to that of the first code track, so that by simple subtraction of the measured values in the microcontroller 8th provides a simple control of the sensor input.

Another arrangement is in the 8th shown. To increase the sensor safety is in this embodiment, a second CCD sensor 85 horizontally next to the first CCD sensor 84 placed. Due to the horizontal arrangement different code words at two different points of the code track 82 registered. The difference in the measurement results of both CCD sensors must give the difference viewing angle of both photodetectors for code track. This angle is known due to the position of the CCD sensors.

Instead of a second CCD sensor and a correspondingly larger linear CCD sensor can be used. Furthermore, the summary of two photodetector lines in an integrated circuit 81 possible with a common housing.

In the embodiment of 9 become one or more LED's 86 directly or via a screen 87 about a look 88 on a photodetector arrangement 89 displayed. The coding consists of a ring 90 in which translucent angular ranges 91 and opaque angular ranges 92 be produced by injected recesses or by corresponding translucent and opaque plastics.

In the embodiment of 10a and b become one or more LEDs 86 directly or via the screen 87 or Fresnel lens by means of an arrangement of similar or differently shaped cylindrical lenses 93 without further optics on the photodetector array 89 displayed. Through the cylindrical lenses 93 Strips of different brightness arise on the photodetector arrangement 89 , By appropriate arrangement and distribution of the cylindrical lenses 93 on the coding ring made of a transparent medium 94 a corresponding code is generated which is used to scan the steering angle. The arrangement of the cylindrical lenses is in 10b shown.

Instead of mapping the LED's on a screen like in the 9 and 10 can be a coding ring 95 be executed so that it consists of a prismatic arrangement in which one or more LED's 86 z. B. irradiate the arrangement axially ( 11 ). The redirection of the light rays happens at the hypotenuse 95a of the prism. The radial light emission on the circumference of the coding ring 95 is designed so that there almost flat surface areas 96 and cylindrical lens assemblies 93 are located. The flat surfaces create a homogeneous light emission onto the radially mounted photodetector arrangement 89 , Through the cylindrical lenses 93 arise on the photodetector assembly 89 Low and high luminance areas. The coding for steering angle determination is carried out by appropriate distribution of quasi-planar surfaces and by the same or differently shaped cylindrical lenses.

In a further embodiment according to 12a is in the axial direction light via LED, s 86 in a transparent coding ring 97 irradiated and this coding ring has a number of cylinders 98 on, which are connected at one end directly to the coding ring and the other end are either plan or lens-shaped. Thus, a corresponding luminance is on each of these cylinders pass through the photodetector assembly 89 can be detected. By areas with and without cylinders and design of the density, a code can be applied and detected accordingly. A variant of this embodiment shows the 12b , in place of the cylinder 98 lenses 99 directly on the coding ring 97 are provided. The effect corresponds to the previously described arrangement with cylinders.

Next the embodiments shown in the figures, as an example for the serve according to the invention can the arrangements are designed in radial or axial form, the direction of light transmission in both possible directions chosen can be.

In the embodiment of 13 no lens assembly is required. An almost punctiform light source, z. B. by using a laser diode 101 with a light-emitting surface of z. B. 2 μ × 3 μ with the barrier z. B. parallel to the axis illuminated the coding ring 90 coming from the translucent areas 91 and the opaque areas 92 consists. Behind the coding ring 90 is a linear photodetector array 89 provided on the light-transmissive areas a luminance distribution caused by the coding. This luminance distribution is evaluated.

The arrangement after 13 can by using two side by side, at a known distance mounted laser diodes 101 and 102 be improved as it is in 14a and b is shown. The evaluation is carried out as in the embodiment of 13 described. However, the radial distance of the coding ring changes 90 by radial impact of the steering wheel or changes due to mechanical or thermal influences, the distance between the components with each other, resulting in the 14a is indicated by the pos. 1 and 2 of the photodetector array, so can by the different shadows of the two laser diodes 101 and 102 whose spacing remains constant on the photodetector array 89 Nevertheless, the position and angular position of the code are detected accurately. In this case, the laser diodes 101 and 102 be excited quickly one after another, the time being chosen so short, z. B. 10 μs-100 μs, that in this time no accuracy limiting angle change occurs on the steering wheel. Instead of the laser diodes, of course, a monolithic LED in double or three-fold arrangement can be used, are generated in the light emitting surfaces with very small dimensions in the axial direction by appropriate masks.

The same effect is also achieved by using a single laser diode 101 or LED scores, with the shadow picture on two photo detector lines 103 and 104 takes place at different distances from the code ring 90 are attached ( 15a and 15b ). The ratios of the shadow structure allow the code to be determined accurately. Due to the absolute extension of the code on the photodetector lines, the distance of the code ring is determined in the case of an axial impact.

The embodiment of the 16 shows a combination of an angle-determining code 105 with a reference code 106 , On the projection of the code over a length that covers at least the angle code and the reference code, both the angle can be evaluated as well as the reference code on the one hand, the CCD or the Fotodeketoranordnung be checked on the other hand on the known distances of the reference code, the distance and exact angles are determined.

The angle-determining code 105 can also be parallel to the reference code 106 be applied as it is in the 17 is shown. Will be the reference code 106 , as shown here, applied at the top and bottom of the edge of the angle codings, so an axial tolerance affects the image of the reference code 106 not from.

Both codes can be mapped together and illuminated by LED's 86 as is off 18 is apparent. This can be done on the photodetector 89 an angle signal 107 and reference signal 108 according to the 19 be generated and evaluated.

Claims (30)

Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor for the absolute determination of a rotation angle, in particular for determining the steering angle in a motor vehicle by means of a mounted over an angular range of 360 ° codes for determining the angle, wherein the code and a detector array are arranged rotatably relative to each other and wherein an absolute angle determination by reading the contrast information is carried out by means of a microprocessor, which determines both the angular position of the code and the fine resolution of the angle by the relative position of the recognized code for imaging on the photodetector array and at the same time the overall function of the system is checked and adjusted in each measurement, according to patent 197 05 312. characterized in that the code is determined by means of a single-site mounted photodetector array and used for angle determination that a contiguous segment of the code track abg on at least one photodiode line e is formed, wherein at least one code word is detected, which corresponds to a predetermined angle, and that the position of the codeword bezüg Lich the fixed position of the photodetector line is measured. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Measured by software in one Microcontroller is made, this the image data of the photodetector line used. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to increase the resolution at least two different illustrations of one or more perimeter codes be imaged on the photodetector line. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that a 6-bit or 7-bit codeword is used. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that the Code track illuminated with parallel light or from one side is illuminated. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that the Code over an optic is imaged onto the photodetector line such that with a readout cycle the line determines both the absolute angle information as well the overall function of the system is checked and adjusted. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that for monitoring the system functions at least one reference silhouette on the Photodetector line is projected. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that for the compensation optical and mechanical tolerances the edge steepness and image size of the detector line signals are evaluated. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that the Angular range within 0 ° to 360 ° over the Driving speed of the vehicle is determined. Adaptive absolute steering angle sensor according to one of previous claims, characterized in that the Detection of the absolute steering angle even when the vehicle systems are switched off the steering angle by briefly switching on the steering angle sensor in Time intervals in which no rotation greater than 180 ° is possible, is determined. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one light source ( 4 . 5 ) for the illumination of an angular range ( 3 ) of the code ( 2 ), and in that a photodetector arrangement ( 7 ) for the detection of the illuminated angle range ( 3 ) of the code ( 2 ), wherein the light source and the photo-detector array a microcontroller ( 8th ) assigned. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 11, characterized in that two light-emitting diodes ( 4 . 5 ) are arranged symmetrically to the optical axis, which together with the photodetector array ( 7 ) and an optic ( 6 ) on the same side of the coding ring ( 1 ) are arranged. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 11, characterized in that a circular coding ring ( 54 ) is provided that at least one light emitting diode ( 52 ) on one side of the coding ring and the photodetector arrangement ( 51 ) is arranged on the other side of the coding ring. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 13, characterized in that an optic ( 55 ) on the side of the light-emitting diode ( 52 ) is provided. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the photodetector arrangement comprises two sensors ( 65 . 66 ) with respect to the course of the code track ( 62 ) are arranged vertically one above the other for their synchronous viewing and that the images ( 67 . 68 ) of both sensors are compared. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 15, characterized in that two line sensors ( 65 . 66 ) or two superimposed sections of a surface sensor ( 61 ) are provided. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two sensors ( 84 . 85 ) for the synchronous registration of adjacent codewords of the code track ( 82 ) are arranged horizontally next to each other. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that as Photodetectors charge-coupled elements (CCD) are provided. Adaptive absolute angle sensor after egg nem of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light-dark lines of the codewords have a width of 2 to 3 mm. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between light source ( 86 ) and the coding ring ( 90 ) a ground glass ( 87 ) and that the optics ( 88 ) and the photodetector arrangement ( 89 ) on the other side of the coding ring ( 90 ) are provided. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a transparent coding ring ( 94 ) side by side cylindrical lenses for generating the code and imaging of the light sources ( 86 ) on the photodetector array ( 89 ) having. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coding ring ( 95 ) has a prismatic cross section, wherein a in the axial direction of the coding ring radiating light source ( 86 ) is arranged. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of Claims 11 to 21, characterized in that on a transparent coding ring ( 97 ) side by side cylinders ( 98 ) or lenses ( 99 ) for generating the code and mapping the light sources ( 86 ) on the photodetector array ( 89 ) are provided, wherein the cylinders extend in the axial direction of the Codierringes and are fixed with an end face on the Codierring and the light sources are assigned and with its other, exposed end face of the photodetector array ( 89 ) assigned. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to claim 23, characterized in that the exposed faces the cylinders are flat or lenticular. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent coding ring ( 90 ), the translucent areas ( 91 ) and opaque areas ( 92 ), at least one punctiform light source ( 101 . 102 ) assigned. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 25, characterized in that two point-shaped light sources ( 101 . 102 ) side by side at a constant distance and a single photodetector array ( 89 ) are provided. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 25, characterized in that a point-like light source ( 101 ) and two at different distances from the light source ( 101 ) superposed photodetector lines ( 103 . 104 ) are provided. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the coding ring the angle-determining code ( 105 ) at least one reference code ( 106 ) assigned. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 28, characterized in that the reference code ( 106 ) next to the angle-determining code ( 105 ) is arranged. Adaptive absolute angle sensor according to Claim 28, characterized in that the reference code ( 106 ) above and below the angle-determining code ( 105 ) is provided.