DE19736236A1 - Medical or dental handpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool (5) has one or more work surfaces and is moved by an oscillating drive (2). The handpiece is particularly for the formation of a cavity or a root channel in a tooth with oscillating movement of the tool. The tool is a separate component and is releasably connected with the shaft (4) by a holding device (26). The tool is adjustable and is connectable to the shaft by a fixture device in the actual adjustment position. The adjustment or holding device has an accommodation bore axial or crossways to the shaft in the handpiece shaft with round, non-circular or multi-sided cross-section. The tool has a shaft (25) of corresponding cross-section insertable with movement clearance in the accommodation bore (27).

Description

The invention relates to a handpiece according to the preamble of claim 1.

A tool of this type is described in WO 96/14024. It's about a Tool, the abrasive processing section effective laterally and frontally and is suitable, with an oscillating drive, the tool by a dental handpiece transferred to work out an approximal cavity in the tooth. The size of the Amplitudes of the oscillatory movements are proportional in the sense of a vibration small, the frequency preferably being in the sound or ultrasound range. At this known embodiment, the machining section is a machining head, which with respect of the tool shank is thickened and its cross-sectional shape towards its free end converges. On the side opposite the side machining section the tool has a smooth surface. This makes the known tool suitable Incorporate the cavity in the proximal area of the tooth. With this The machining section is preferably carried out from occlusal to after the induction process Cervical but also sunk from lateral to central. The cavity can be replaced by a Rotary tool can already be prepared, or it can also with the Processing section can be worked out without preparatory work. Here remains the adjacent tooth unaffected, since the opposite of the machining section smooth surface does not damage the adjacent tooth. The abrasiveness of the effective Working areas of the machining section is trimmed by adjacent small grains of hard material, preferably diamond, created. In functional operation, the small, hard grains prove to be a multitude of cutting, the existing work surfaces essentially all over are effective.

The amplitudes of the oscillating movements of the machining section in Functional operation can be achieved by spatial circular or elliptical movements in the sense of vibration. To pull the tool out of the Cavity can avoid jamming, the machining section one to its free End converging cross-sectional shape.  

A tool or handpiece of the types described above differs from known dental files and associated handpieces in several respects. On the one hand are the well-known files or handpieces for machining at a movement parallel to the file surface and thus for surface processing set up. In addition, the known files or handpieces for a stroke size their reciprocating movement that is relatively large and some Can be millimeters.

On the other hand, the tool according to WO 96/14024 points transversely to one another Work surfaces on, e.g. B. at least one extending in its longitudinal direction Work surface and a transversely extending end face, and it is due to a Drive with spatial amplitudes set up not only to surfaces work as usual with files, but also holes or cavities, in particular Incorporate blind holes.

In another handpiece described in DE 33 28 605 C2 the above Specified type, the tool is not used to prepare a cavity on the tooth but for the surface treatment of the tooth, namely for the removal of tartar.

In the aforementioned known configurations, the tool is in one piece with the Shank connected, the shaft being releasably screwed to the handpiece connected is.

The known disadvantages have the following disadvantages. Should a z. B. damaged Discarded tool and replaced by a new tool, then the from the Tool and the shaft existing unit can be replaced. This is a given considerable material expenditure.

Another disadvantage of the known configurations is that the known Construction with regard to the working positions of the patient required in the oral cavity Tool can only be used to a limited extent, since only certain ones per instrument Machining points accessible in a hand-friendly position of the handpiece are. It should also be borne in mind that for the production of cavities in mesial or distal position, spatially differently arranged tools must be available.  

This also applies to the production of cavities in the proximal area using tools, which have a smooth outer surface on their side facing the adjacent tooth, so as not to damage the neighboring tooth. In the known configurations thus a variety of different tools required to be common in the oral cavity of the To be able to carry out the patient's work.

The invention has for its object a handpiece in the preamble of the claim 1 described type so that a placement of the handpiece with a Tool or a tool exchange with less material is possible.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

In the embodiment according to the invention according to claim 1, the tool is a separate one Component which is detachably connected to the shaft by means of a holding device. So it is possible to close the handpiece with a small and inexpensive tool equip or solve the tool alone and replace it with a new tool, whereby the shaft can remain on the handpiece. The required material expenditure extends only on the tool, while the shank can remain unchanged.

This solution according to the invention then also serves a user-friendly one Use of the handpiece if several tools are provided, their design is different and / or adapted to different working positions. With one Design can do that by selecting a specific tool or tool shape Handpiece can be adapted to certain working positions so that a easy handling is guaranteed.

The invention is further based on the object, a handpiece in the preamble of Claim 2 specified type so that it is usual or difficult Working positions are easy to use.

This object is solved by the features of claim 2.  

In this embodiment according to the invention, the tool is independent of the shank separate component that is adjustable in its holder on the shaft by an adjusting device and preferably also by a locking device in the respective adjustment position is noticeable. This makes it possible to the tool with respect to the shaft or To adjust and determine the handpiece in various and favorable working positions that it is secured against unintentional adjustment. It is also possible, Inaccessible jobs in the patient's mouth in a more user-friendly To reach the position of the handpiece.

The present position problem is also given by the fact that the teeth on both Sides of a vertical longitudinal median plane are arranged and thereby on both sides of the Longitudinal center plane different working positions for the tool and the handpiece are specified. To solve this problem, it is advantageous to use the tool with its Longitudinal central axis transverse to the shaft and adjustable about this longitudinal central axis as well noticeable to arrange. With such a configuration, it is possible to top and lower and the left and right rows of teeth with the handpiece easy to use to reach from the mouth opening of the mouth.

The invention also relates to cutting tool for the handpiece.

Other individual working positions of the tool in the interdental areas can can also be achieved in a user-friendly manner.

The invention is also suitable for such tools with respect to their longitudinal central axis have an asymmetrical and / or non-round shape.

Another advantage of the configuration according to the invention is that due to the adjustability according to the invention one and the same tool not only for use in easy-to-use positions but also for use at different positions Places, e.g. B. for performing dental medicine work on internal and external Positions of the row of teeth of the lower or upper jaw to be used. This allows significantly reduce the number of different tools required. It's like that assume that in the configuration according to the invention only about 25% to 50% of the  A number of different tools need to be available to carry out normal work on the To be able to carry out the treatment site, in particular in the mouth of a patient. As a result, fewer different tools are required and one can Larger number of the same tools are produced, which reduces the manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced.

Furthermore, the invention is suitable for machining tools both different Fastening as well as different purpose. With the holding devices can it is simple clamping devices, in particular by means of screws, or so-called quick-action connections act that loosen or clamp the tool enable with little expenditure of time. The tools can be such for the preparation of tooth cavities, crown stump preparations, Caries extraction, marginal and interdental elaboration of restorations, Root surface processing and bone processing are suitable.

The known tools and handpieces have the problem in common that if the tool is prevented from oscillating due to it of an impact effect can be overloaded and damaged or break off. this applies especially for those tools that have a small cross-section and light can cancel. The above-mentioned difficulty applies in particular to root canal files, which are fragile due to their small diameter. This is especially true then when a root canal file in the bent state, in which it is z. B. the adapts curved root canal, is overloaded. A previously described impact effect is at of a root canal file even if the file tip is in the Outer curvature wall of the root canal is a depression in the sense of a step incorporated and this stage prevents the root file from continuing into the root canal to penetrate. Especially when the root canal file has its tip on one at such a level, there is a risk that they will be burdened or overloaded particularly easy to break off or a lateral perforation of the root canal effect what is of course undesirable.

The invention is further based on the object of a tool or a handpiece the types specified at the outset so that those from the drive resulting, in particular shock loads on the tool are reduced.

This object is solved by the features of claims 27.  

In this embodiment of the invention, a damping means is provided, which in the drive connection of the handpiece or in the tool above it Processing section is integrated. The damping means transmits the driving force unchanged, but the power transmission is flexible, so that when the Tool is prevented from performing its oscillatory movement, e.g. B. if it rests against a wall that extends transversely to the movement amplitude Driving force peaks are damped. With an existing tool it is too take into account that it is made of hard material and suddenly occurring Load peaks are particularly suitable for breaking the tool. Since at the embodiment of the invention, the power transmission is compliant and the Load peaks are damped, the tool is also more resilient, so that a tool break occurs much less often or is avoided.

If the damping means is arranged in the drive connection of the handpiece, it only needs to be arranged once, and it applies to all tools. If on the other hand, the damping means is integrated in the tool, one is required Damping agent integration for every tool. The latter is advantageous because an integration into the cramped space of the head area of the handpiece is difficult and is complex. The arrangement of the damping means in the area of the shaft of the Tool can be trained easily and inexpensively in the course of its manufacture. It should be taken into account that the damping agent is formed in the shaft area the tool must also be integrated in a confined space, but that Tool is an easily accessible item during its manufacture, which at Training and arrangement of the damping agent can be handled easily and conveniently can.

In the functional mode of an existing handpiece, different ones become Machining tools used, which are to be replaced. The invention lies hence the task below, a handpiece in the preamble of Claim 30 described type so that a user-friendly and quick assembly and replacement of the tool is possible. This task will solved by the features of claim 30. In this embodiment according to the invention has the holding device for the tool when inserting and removing the Tool that can be manually overridden. This is a easy-to-use and quick loading and replacement of tools One-handed operation is possible.  

The solution according to the invention contained in claim 32 enables the handpiece to pivot during machining, the tool due to the on it effective restoring force of the swivel joint can remain in function. Such Function is particularly advantageous when machining in the tooth side area, like it is the case when preparing a crown or partial crown.

In particular in the aforementioned machining cases, the tool can be rotated in the holding device advantageous, so that the tool during processing on the circumference of the tooth can adapt to the peripheral surface. For certain work with the Tool that is or if a relatively large amount of material has to be processed there is resistance to the tool, there is a demand for one Tool holder that is not rotatable. In claims 33 and 34 are Configurations with a swivel included, in which the tool is optional is rotatable or fixable by means of a locking device. It is advantageous that Training locking device so that it automatically functions when that Tool laterally and / or axially by a pressure beyond a certain size is adjusted against a restoring force. The restoring force enables the tool both in its starting position or middle position or in its side or to use axially adjusted working position, even forced in the latter working position, because the tool is locked.

In the subclaims are features that are simple, small and inexpensive Construction methods enable a secure attachment and a user-friendly Attach and detach the tool and ensure the feeding of a particular one allow liquid treatment agent to the treatment site.

The invention also relates to cutting tool for a present one Handpiece.

The invention and further advantages which can be achieved by means of FIG preferred embodiments and drawings explained in more detail. It shows

Figure 1 shows a handpiece according to the invention with a tool according to the invention in side view and in partial vertical longitudinal section.

FIG. 2 shows the tool in an enlarged side view;

Fig. 3, the front end of a handpiece or its handpiece shaft in the top view;

Figure 4 shows the front end of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a modified embodiment in a plan view.

Figure 5 shows the front end of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified embodiment in plan view.

Fig. 6 is the front end of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified embodiment in plan view;

Figure 7 is the front end of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified embodiment in axial longitudinal section.

8 shows the front end portion of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified embodiment of a vertical longitudinal section.

Figure 9 is the front end portion of the handpiece or the handpiece shaft of Figure 8 in a further modified embodiment in a side view..;

Fig. 10. The front end of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified configuration in a vertical longitudinal section;

Fig. 11, the individual parts of the embodiment of Figure 10 in a so-called exposure representation.

12 shows the front end portion of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified embodiment in side view.

13 shows the front end portion of a handpiece or handpiece shaft in a further modified embodiment in side view.

FIG. 14 is the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment in partial vertical longitudinal section;

Figure 15 is a partial section XV-XV in Fig. 14.;

FIG. 16 is the front end portion of the handpiece of Figure 14 in side view and in a working position in the approximal tooth intermediate region.

Figure 17 is the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment, in particular for dental external machining, preferably in its root area, or for a bone treatment.

FIG. 18 is the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment in a side view;

19 shows a tool according to the invention in the form of a root canal file in a modified embodiment and an enlarged view.

FIG. 20 is the tool of Figure 9 in a modified further embodiment.

FIG. 21 is the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment;

FIG. 22 is the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment;

Figure 23 is the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment.

Fig. 24, partially axially cut the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified embodiment;

Fig the front end portion of a handle or a tool held thereon in a further modified configuration, partially cut axially. 25,.

The handpiece consists of an elongated round grip sleeve 1 , in which a vibration generator 2 is arranged, which is positioned in the grip sleeve 1 on an inner sleeve 3 , which projects beyond the front end of the grip sleeve 1 and thus forms a shaft 4 , which at its front end carries a tool 5 . After switching on the vibration generator 2 by means of a hand or foot switch, the inner sleeve 3 and thus also the shaft 4 and the tool 5 are set in vibration.

The main direction of the relatively small amplitudes is transverse to and along the shaft of the tool. But there are also changing, d. H. spatial amplitudes generated.

In the grip sleeve 1 , two medium lines 6 a, 6 b extend from the rear to the front (coolant or treatment agent or power line), which lead to a medium source (not shown) through connecting lines 7 of a connector 8 arranged at the end of the grip sleeve 1 remote from the tool Supply line 9 are connected, which extend in a flexible supply hose 11 to which the connector 8 is connected. Between the connector 8 and the grip sleeve 1 , a screw coupling or a freely rotatable, quickly releasable and quickly assembled quick coupling in the form of a rotary / plug-in coupling 12 is arranged, which in the present embodiment by a hollow cylindrical coupling recess 12 a in the rear grip sleeve 1 and one therein with movement play insertable cylindrical coupling pin 12 b is formed, which protrudes from the connector 8 . The coupling recess 12 a and the coupling pin 12 b can be formed with a tapered cross-sectional step. The connecting lines 7 pass through the hollow cylindrical division joint 13 between the coupling pin 12 b and the coupling recess 12 a Z-shaped radially from the inside out, and they are then continued as the medium lines 6 a, 6 b, which is shown in simplified form. At the points at which the radial sections 7 a of the connecting lines 7 penetrate the dividing joint radially, an annular groove 14 is arranged in the outer surface of the coupling pin 12 b or in the inner surface of the coupling recess 12 a. As a result, the handle sleeve 1 is guaranteed relative to the connector 8, the liquid passage at all possible rotational positions. For sealing 14 sealing rings 15 are provided on both sides of the ring grooves, which sit in receiving grooves in the wall surface of the coupling pin 12 b or in the inner surface of the coupling recess 12 a. To axially secure the coupling position, a locking device 16 with a radially resilient locking element z. B. is provided in the form of a ball or a locking ring which engages behind or in the coupling position of a locking edge which is formed by an annular groove. The locking ring is arranged in an annular groove in the other part. To release the rotary / plug-in coupling 12 , the latching device 16 can be pushed over in a manner that is easy to handle.

The rear end region of the inner sleeve 3 is connected in the region of a resonance device 17 to a divergent bearing sleeve 18 which is mounted on the inner wall of the grip sleeve 1 . In the front end region of the grip sleeve 1 , the inner sleeve 3 is supported free of play or with little radial play in a bearing ring 19 which is fastened to the latter in the front end region of the grip sleeve 1 and can be formed by a ring made of elastic material which sits in an inner groove.

The coolant or treatment agent line 6 a extends by means of a conduit 22 from the back to the front into the inner sleeve 3 to the front end region of the grip sleeve 1 , where the conduit 22 is mounted or held in the inner sleeve 3 by means of a spacer sleeve 23 .

The tool 5 has a shank 25 which is fixed by means of a releasable holding device 26 in a transverse receiving hole 27 of the shaft 4 at the front end of the handpiece shaft. 4 The holding device 26 is formed by a locking screw 28 , which is screwed radially into the shaft 4 with respect to the receiving hole 27 , here from the front into an approximately coaxial threaded hole 29 . The tool shank 25 can be inserted into the correspondingly large receiving hole 27 with little movement and secured by tightening the locking screw 28 . The tool shaft 25 preferably has a notch 31 into which the locking screw 28 is able to engage. The notch 31 is preferably formed by an annular groove in the tool shank 25 . In this embodiment, on the one hand, an infinitely variable setting and locking of the tool 5 is ensured by an optional turning and locking using the locking screw 28 . On the other hand, when the screw 28 is not tightened, the tool shank 25 is freely rotatably mounted in the sense of a swivel joint and is axially positively secured by the screw 28 .

In the tool shank 25, an angle with a radial channel 32 a channel section is disposed, which preferably opens in the region of the shaft 4 a cavity of the tool shank 25 in the notch 31st The axial channel section 32 b extends into the tool 5 and opens at its working surfaces, which in the present embodiment are on the underside, on an optionally inclined step surface and possibly also on the outer surface of the tool 5 . These are abrasive work surfaces that are coated with an abrasive material, particularly in the form of an applied grain. This can be a known diamond coating. For the purpose of clarifying the working position, a tooth 35 is indicated in FIG. 2, in which the tool 5 incorporates an approximally open cavity from the occlusal direction. For the proximal tooth area, the or another tool 5 can have a non-abrasive, ie smooth surface on its side surface 5 b facing the adjacent tooth, in order not to damage the adjacent tooth.

It is advantageous to arrange a preferably annular material thickening 4 b on the handpiece shaft 4 in the region of the holding device 26 or the receiving hole 27 in order to stabilize the fastening point. This makes it possible to make the handpiece shaft 4 thinner in the rest of the region extending to the grip sleeve 1 , which improves the view of the treatment site.

The embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 6, in which or similar parts designated by like reference numerals designate like provided are, whereby the set screw different from the above embodiment only in that the transverse hole 27 and the tool shank 25 are formed in the sense of a regular multi-cornered bar, 28 , which forms not only an axial but also a rotation lock, is exempt from the rotation lock function, since this is fulfilled by the polygon. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, a hexagonal, in the FIG. 5 an octagonal and in the FIG. 6 a multi-tooth cross-sectional shape is realized.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the holding device 26 is likewise formed by a screw connection, but in a modified embodiment. Here, the transverse hole 27 is arranged in the foot region of a threaded bolt 41 forming the free end of the shank 4 , which projects coaxially forward in the present embodiment and on which a threaded nut 42 is screwed, which protrudes against the portions of the tool shank projecting on both sides of the threaded bolt 41 25 is exciting.

Instead of or in addition of channels 32 a, 32 b for liquid extending through the tool 5 , an outlet opening opening on the circumference of the shaft 25 can be provided in the shaft 4 , from which the liquid flows along the lateral surface of the tool shaft. In the embodiment of FIG. 7 is, for to do so. B. on the back of the receiving hole 27, a notch or groove 32 a1 is provided.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 8 the holding device 26 has a quick-acting compound 45. It is formed by a pressure member that is tensioned by the force of a spring against the tool shank 25 and can thereby secure it axially and against rotation. The effectiveness of the pressure member 46 can be increased by enclosing it in a notch or flattening on the tool shank 25 . The spring force is preferably only dimensioned so large that the pressure member can be pulled back manually against the spring force from the tool shank 25 and the connection can thereby be released. In the embodiment of Fig. 8, the pressing member is formed by a sliding on the handpiece shaft 4 with motion sleeve 46, which is on a rear shoulder surface 47 of the stem connection 4 b supporting the compression spring 48, here a spiral spring against the tool shaft 25 acted upon by means of a . In the area of the ring wall of the sleeve 46 , the tool shank 25 has two flats 49 of equal depth, against which the flat end face of the sleeve lies. The inner radial boundary surfaces of the flats 49 form shoulder surfaces 49 a, which overlaps the sleeve. As a result, the tool shaft 25 is axially positively locked, while the existing rotation lock is formed by the form-fitting and at the same time non-positive engagement of the sleeve 46 in the flats 49 .

Also in the embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the cross-sectional shape of the transverse hole 27 and the tool shaft 25 may be circular, non-circular or polygonal. In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, however, care must be taken that, in the case of a polygonal design, the flats 49 in the respective position of the tool shank 25 extend parallel to the end face of the sleeve 46 facing them. In the case in which the rotation lock is formed by a polygonal shape as described above, the pressure member 46 does not need to secure the rotation, but only an axial lock. It is therefore possible, instead of flattening 49 , to provide ring recesses in the tool shank 25 , on the lateral surfaces of which the sleeve 46 rests and thereby overlaps the shoulder surfaces 49 a, which are also formed.

The above-described quick-connect 45 can be operated very quickly and easily.

The handpiece shaft 4 , the tool 5 with the tool shaft 25 and the parts of the holding device 26 or quick-action connection 45 are preferably made of corrosion-resistant metal, for. B. made of alloy steel.

Also in the embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the tool 5 may be the angle duct 32 a, 32 b for cooling or treating liquid have.

For ergonomic reasons, it is advantageous to bend the shank towards the side facing away from the tool 5 . This angle W is approximately 10 to 20 °, in particular approximately 15 °.

The distance a of the tool 5 from the apex 51 of the bend is preferably smaller than the distance b between the bend of the grip sleeve 1 and is approximately 1 to 3 cm, in particular approximately 1 to 2 cm.

With a tool 5 , because of the handpiece 1 which forms a relatively long lever arm, a considerable torque can be exerted on the treatment site or a tooth 35 . There are limits to such a torque in two ways. For one thing, the torque must not be so great that the treatment site or tooth 35 is overloaded, for. B. is so heavily loaded that part of it could break off or the tooth root is overloaded. On the other hand, the avoidance of an overload also applies to the tool 5 , which is to be protected against overloads and breakage, particularly when the tool is small or thin.

It is therefore advantageous to assign an overload protection coupling 55 to the tool holder, which opens automatically and thus releases the connection between the tool shank 25 and the shank 4 when a specific power transmission or a moment is exceeded. The quick-connect connection 45 according to FIG. 8 is an exemplary embodiment of such an overload safety coupling 55 , which is effective in the present exemplary embodiment when the handpiece 1 is moved about the central axis of the tool 5 . If, in the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the handpiece 1 is pivoted about its longitudinal central axis with a stuck tool 5 and a torque determined by the force of the spring 48 is exceeded, the pressure member formed by the sleeve 46 is pushed back against the force of the spring 48 , whereby the connection is broken and the shaft 4 can be rotated without the tool shaft 25 on the latter.

Another problem is that the quick-release connection 45 can be released due to the required tension of the spring 48 and only with a considerable amount of force, which affects the ease of use. In the embodiment according to Fig. 8, it is z. B. then difficult to retract the sleeve 46 against the force of the spring 48 when the force of the spring exceeds a certain size.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, a reduction gear 56 is assigned to the existing opening mechanism of the rotary driving connection between the shaft 4 and the tool shaft 25 in such a way that the connection or the overload protection coupling 55 can be released with less manual effort. In this embodiment, the reduction gear 56 has an inclined plane or a wedge gear, with at least one inclined or curved surface 57 , which is effective when the sleeve 46 rotates between it and the shaft 4 , preferably on a projection 58, in particular on the outer surface of the shaft 4 In the present embodiment, at least one wedge-shaped, preferably sawtooth-shaped projection 59 is provided on the annular end face of the sleeve 46 facing away from the spring 48 , the inclined or curved surface 57 of which is arranged and designed such that the projection 58 in the tensioned position of the sleeve 46 is located in the foot region of the inclined or curved surface 57 and is axially spaced therefrom and in the tensioned position of the sleeve 46 the projection 59 is located near the head region of the inclined or curved surface 57 . Two lugs 59 are preferably arranged diametrically opposite one another and having the same effect on the sleeve 46 in the circumferential direction.

Are referred to in the embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11, in which or similar parts are also same with the same reference numerals, the holding device 26 and quick-fastening connection 45 is formed for the tool 5 by a so-called collet 61 arranged having a free end region of the shank 4 External thread 62 onto which a clamping nut 63 can be screwed in the form of a union nut. The end of the shaft 4 is divided into segments 65 by a plurality of diametrically opposed axial slots 64 , the outer surfaces of which are conical section surfaces 66 , against which an inner cone surface 67 arranged in the free end region thereof presses when the clamping nut 63 is screwed on, and the segments 65 against the between the segments 64 inserted tool shaft 25 is stuck. The inner surfaces of the segments 65 are section surfaces of a hollow cylinder which is adapted to the dimension of the cylindrical tool shank 25 . For additional rotation of the tool shaft 25 in this quick-fastening connection 45, a polygon 68 may be a, for example at the free end of the tool shank 25th B. a square, hexagon or octagon may be provided, which fits into a corresponding polygonal recess 68 b in the shaft 4 . This creates a rotary position adjusting device 69 , which enables the tool shank 25 to be positively secured to the shaft 4 in different rotary positions.

In this embodiment, the central axis of the collet 61 is arranged transversely to the longitudinal central axis of the handpiece shaft 4 , with an essentially right or acute or obtuse angle, preferably an angle W1, of approximately 90 ° to 105 ° being present between them. The collet 61 can also be arranged axially to the longitudinal center axis of the handpiece shaft 4 . In the present angular shape, the free end of the handpiece shaft 4 is curved in accordance with the angle W1. The channel section 32 extends axially continuously in the tool shank 25 , so that even in this embodiment, treatment or cooling liquid can flow from the cavity 4 a through the channel section 32 to one or more outlet openings 32 c in the abrasive working surface or the tool 5 .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 12, in which the same or comparable parts are also provided with the same reference numerals, the handpiece shaft 4 is divided at a separation point 71 into two handpiece shaft parts 4 c, 4 d, which can be connected to one another by a screw coupling 72 . The separation point 71 is located in the vicinity of the grip sleeve 1 of the handpiece. The screw coupling 72 has a threaded hole 73 on one shaft part, into which a threaded pin 74 can be screwed in on the other shaft part and can be tightened against a shoulder surface 75 . In the present embodiment, the threaded hole 73 is arranged in the shaft part 4 c mounted in the grip sleeve 1 of the handpiece. The threaded pin 74 is formed on the front shaft part 4 d, specifically in the form of a tapered fitting threaded pin 74 . The resulting step surface at the foot of the threaded pin 74 forms the shoulder surface 75 lying against the end face of the shaft part 4 c. At the foot of the threaded pin 74 and at the edge of the threaded hole 73 , matching conical surfaces 75 a can be arranged. In addition, the front shaft part 4 d has a rotary grip element for screwing in and out, here two key surfaces SF. This configuration makes it possible to assign a plurality of different shaft portions 4d of the handpiece 1, and optionally to couple the handpiece. 1 These shaft parts 4 d can differ from one another, for. B. by the angle W or by a different adhesive device 26th It is thus possible to use a desired adhesive device optionally with a preferred tool 5 and / or different shapes of the front end of the handpiece shaft 1 by converting the handpiece.

This screw coupling 72 is preferably designed in accordance with a screw coupling on a dental calculating device of the applicant that is already on the market. B. is described in the publication DE 33 28 605 C2. This Ausgestakung makes it possible to mount the or the handpiece shaft parts 4 d on handpieces on the market or to mount the known tartar removal tools or tips on the present handpiece 1 and thus the known handpieces and the present handpiece 1 optionally with tartar removal tips or to equip existing shaft parts 4 d and thus to use them both for removing tartar and for the present abrasive treatment.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 13, in which the same or comparable parts are also provided with the same reference numerals, a shaft 4 is provided which, in its area protruding from the grip sleeve 1 of the handpiece, has a lateral connection device 81 for a supply hose 82 , which at least in the front area of the grip sleeve 1 extends outside this, the rear end of the hose 82 being connected in a suitable manner to the associated media line 6 a, 6 b or 7 or 9 . In the present embodiment, the handpiece shaft 4 has a lateral connection pipe socket 83 , into or onto which the hose 82 can be plugged in or plugged on. From this pipe socket 83 runs axially a cavity section 4 a corresponding to the above-described configurations for the adhesive device 26 and the tool 5 , wherein the shaft 4 can extend straight or bent or angled by the angle W.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 14, in which the same or comparable parts are also provided with the same reference numerals, the tool 5 is assigned a lateral support leg 85 , which is located on one side of the tool 5 , preferably on a broad side, and extends over the entire length Width of this side and / or length of the tool 5 can extend. In the embodiment according to FIG. 14 of the support leg 85 is disposed at the front of the tool. The support leg 85 can, however, also be arranged laterally on one or the other side or on the back of the tool 5 or the holder provided therefor. According to a first embodiment, the support leg 85 is held fully independently of the holding device 26 for the tool 5 on the handpiece shaft 4 , wherein it can be connected to it in one or two parts, for. B. can be integrally formed. The support leg 85 protects and stabilizes the tool 5 on the side on which it is arranged. The side surface of the tool 5 facing the support leg 85 is not abrasive but smooth. It is advantageous to profile the contact surface 86 of the support leg 85 facing the tool and the side surface 87 of the tool 5 attached to it in a section directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the tool 5 , e.g. B. convex or roof-shaped, so that due to this profiling there is also a support for the tool 5 , which is effective with respect to lateral loads that extend at right angles to the support direction of the support leg 85 .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 15, the contact surface of the support leg profiled roof-shaped 86 85, wherein the contact surface 87 of the tool 5 profiled according to a trough shape.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 15, the tool 5 has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape with convergent side surfaces 5 a, the support leg 85 with its optionally present profiling being arranged on the base surface of the trapezoidal shape. In this embodiment too, the tool 5 or its shank 25 is connected by branching channel sections to the supply for treatment, processing and / or cooling liquid running in the handpiece shank 4 , this connection being able to take place in the sense of one of the previously described embodiments. In this case, at least one channel section with an opening 32 d in the area of the contact surfaces 86 , 87 or above, for. B. in a waist of the tool 5 , to supply liquid between these axially parallel contact surfaces 76 , 77 . The flat side surface 5 b of the tool 5 opposite the support leg 85 is designed to be convergent downwards. The side faces 5 a can also be formed correspondingly converging downwards. This also applies to tools 5 without support leg 85 . On the underside, the tool 5 has an inclined surface 5 c, which extends only over part of the depth of the tool 5 and then continues transversely.

The above-described configuration with the support leg 85 is set up for a specific position of the tool 5 . Within the scope of the invention, however, it is also possible and advantageous to fasten the support leg 85 to the handpiece shaft 1 with a special holder adjustable with the tool 5 . Such a configuration makes it possible not only to move the tool 5 but also the support leg 85 into a specific treatment position and to fix it in this position.

A above-described rigid and adjustable support leg 85 can also be used advantageously in the intermediate tooth area, as shown in FIG. 16, in which a cavity K opening into the intermediate tooth area is worked out with the tool 5 and the support leg 85 forms a protective shield with a protective back surface for the adjacent tooth 35 a forms.

The handpiece and / or the tools 5 , in particular the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 14 with the one without a support leg 85 , are also suitable for preparing a tooth for a tooth crown.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 17, in which the same or comparable parts are also provided with the same reference numerals, a tool 5 is provided, which is set up for bone or tooth surface treatment or bone removal, in particular in the root region of a tooth lying inside or outside the gums 35 . This tool 5 is angularly formed with the shank 25 may be formed angularly straight or with the angle W with foreseen for the mounting shaft portion 25 a and the tool 5-holding shaft portion 25 b. The angle W2 enclosed by the shaft parts can be approximately rectangular, obtuse or also acute, preferably in a range between approximately 75 ° and 105 °. In the present embodiment, a tool 5 is provided in the form of a round head, which is thickened with respect to the shaft part 25 b carrying it. With this tool 5 , too, it is advantageous to supply treatment or machining or cooling liquid through a supply channel 35 b which extends lengthwise through the shaft parts 25 a or 25 b and which branches in the area of the tool head one or more times and is spherical at mouth openings 32 d Tool surface can open out. Preferably, the shaft part are b 25 and the tool 5 is formed only so great that can thus be inserted into the root area of a tooth for the purpose of its processing. The tool 5 can have a different head shape instead of a spherical head, for. B. the one extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 25 or shaft portion 24 a file, which may have a round or flat cross-sectional shape.

A similar variant is shown in FIG. 18. In this embodiment, in which the same or comparable parts are also provided with the same reference numerals, the tool 5 extends straight, being arranged coaxially to the end region of the shaft 4 and thus extending in the longitudinal direction thereof . In this embodiment, too, other tool head shapes can be provided, e.g. B. not an elongated file as shown, but a spherical head according to FIG. 17 or a cuboid head according to FIG. 2.

In all of the above-described configurations, the tool 5 can have a smooth surface opposite each other for use in the intermediate tooth area of a work surface, as a result of which the adjacent tooth remains uninjured during processing. In this case, one or more outlet openings 32 d for processing or treatment or cooling liquid can be provided in the actual tool head or in the transition region between the head and shaft, which are connected to the liquid supply by one or more branching channels. Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange at least one outlet opening 32 d for liquid in the area of a previously described smooth surface on the tool 5 .

It is also possible within the scope of the invention to arrange the at least one outlet opening for liquid in the region of the tool shank 25 or at the front end of the grip sleeve 1 so that it is directed towards the treatment site.

Sterile or non-sterile are suitable as treatment or processing or cooling liquid Liquids such as B. solutions, especially salt solutions, e.g. B. Sodium bicarbonate. It is also advantageous to use the liquid in the sense of a self-dissolving one Abrasive suspension to mix in small hard, preferably self-dissolving particles, which improves the performance of the machining.  

Within the scope of the invention, it is possible to optionally combine all of the above-described design variants with one another. So it is z. B. possible to use all the described holding devices 26 or quick-connect connections 45 . In Figs. 12 and following, this is indicated by an arrow, which indicates the holding device or quick-fastening connection.

When using the above-described tools 5 for machining surfaces, the shape of the tool or its working or jacket surface can be optionally determined, for. B. taking into account the surface shape to be machined. If, on the other hand, the tool 5 is used for working out a cavity K, then opposite tool surfaces are to be designed convergingly in one or two dimensions with respect to the working-in direction, so that the tool 5 can be removed from the cavity again after the working in without clamping.

It is also advantageous to provide oblique edge surfaces on the tool 5 , which incorporate corresponding inclined surfaces in the sense of chamfers in the region of the edge edge of the cavity at the edge of the cavity. In the embodiment according to FIG. 14, such an inclined surface is designated 5 c as a partial surface of the associated side surface. Such inclined surfaces can also be arranged on the side surfaces extending in the longitudinal direction of the tool 5 (not shown).

In the embodiments according to FIGS. 19 to 25 5, the tool has in the region of its tool shank 25 or the handpiece in the area of its drive connection, a damping means 91, which attenuates resulting from the oscillating load peaks and thereby the tool 5 against bursty congestion thereby protects the danger a breakage of the tool 5 is avoided or significantly reduced. The damping means 91 enables a relative movement between two parts forming the drive chain between the drive in the handpiece and the processing section 5 a. The relative movement can be based on elastic resilience or flexibility of the damping means 91 . In this case, the damping means 91 can be arranged between two links of the parts which are in drive connection with one another in the form of a chain, or the links can be permanently connected to the damping means 91 to form a component. In both cases, there is a flexible or floating mounting of the tool 5 or its machining body 14 , which ensures the above-described damping effect.

The damping means 91 can be implemented in all of the above-described and post-described embodiments of the handpiece and the tool 5 .

When integrating the damping means 91 into the tool 5 , it is advantageous to arrange the damping means 91 between the tool shank 25 and the machining section 5 a. Here, the damping means may according to Figs. 19 and 20 be disposed 91 between an outer shaft shell 92 and a shaft core 93rd The shaft core 93 can be cylindrical or for the purpose of positive engagement with the damping element 91 out of round and / or in its longitudinal direction a shape that deviates from a cylindrical shape, that is to say an unequal thickness, which results in a positive connection with the damping element 91 . This is also possible between the damping element 91 and the outer shaft shell 92 . In the present embodiment, the damping means 91 is a cavity between the shaft core 93 and the stem shell 92 fills and thus embedded elastic filler, such. B. rubber or plastic, which ensures an elastically flexible or floating mounting of the shaft core 93 in the shaft 25 , namely radially, axially and in the circumferential direction. In the presence of elevations according to the invention and receiving recesses between the shaft shell 92 and the shaft core 93 , z. B. an annular groove in the lateral surface of the shaft 25 or a waist of the shaft shell 92 and / or the shaft core 93, there is a positive connection between the damping means 91 and the shaft shell 92 on the one hand and the shaft core 93 on the other hand, so that no further connection is required. However, it is possible to firmly connect the damping means 91 to the inner peripheral surface of the shaft shell 92 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft core 93 in another way, e.g. B. to glue. It is possible to inject the elastically deformable material of the damping means 91 between the shaft core 93 and the shaft shell 92 in a liquid or pasty state, which ensures particularly simple and quick production. In the present invention, it is further possible that the shank shell 92 of the shaft core 93 and on the the processing body 14 is covered to facing and / or remote end face and arranged at the respective end face between the stem cup 92 and the shaft core 93, the damping means 91st However, it is also possible for the shaft shell 92 , the damping means 91 and the shaft core 93 to terminate with one another on this end face and to form a common end face. In this embodiment, the damping means 91 is in the form of a sleeve or socket. The shaft shell 92 can be a sleeve or cap made of metal, whereby the shaft 25 is stabilized on the outside. The stresses emanating from the above-described fastening elements 28 , 42 , 46 can thus be absorbed by the tool shank 25 with a long service life. In the presence of an annular groove 31 , the screw 28 can exert a positive and otherwise non-positive fastening effect on the tool shank 25 . The cross-sectional dimension of the shaft shell 92 is adapted to the cross-sectional dimension of the transverse hole 27 or the plug-in recess 68 b of the collet 61 with a slight amount of play, so that the tool 5 can be inserted and removed in a manner that is easy to handle.

Within the scope of the invention it is possible and, for reasons of simplification, also advantageous to design the tool shank 25 only with the shank core 93 and the damping element 91 in the form of an elastic sleeve, ie to omit the shank shell 92 . Such an embodiment is also functional. Such a tool shaft 25 has the hollow cylindrical damping element 91 as a fixed, for. B. glued, attachment on and can be made with a small amount of play and an axial securing or with a small cross-sectional oversize and thus be elastically pressed into the shaft receiving hole, which ensures a tight fit and possibly an axial securing due to the elastic radial clamping forces is. A shaft shell 92 can also be dispensed with when using a collet 61 .

In the context of the invention, it is advantageous to work with a greater damping effect (high elasticity) for fine machining and with a lower damping effect (small elasticity) for rough machining. For this purpose, tools or handpieces of different sizes can be designed and made available. It is also advantageous to make the damping means adjustable by means of an adjusting device 105 in such a way that it can be adjusted between a larger and a smaller damping.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 20, in which the same or comparable parts are provided with the same reference numerals, the cross-sectional size of the shaft shell 92 is variable in the manner of a cuff or bandage, as a result of which the elasticity of the damping element 91 is variable and adjustable. The adjusting mechanism for changing and adjusting the shaft band designated 92 a in FIG. 20 is not shown. It can be an adjustment mechanism, as is common with hose clamps.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 21, the damping element 91 is not a part of the tool 5 but of the handpiece, here the handpiece shaft 4 and thus part of the drive connection for the tool 5 . In the present embodiment, the damping element 91 is a receiving sleeve 94 made of elastic material such as rubber or plastic, which is inserted into a correspondingly dimensioned transverse hole 95 in the shaft 4 and fastened therein, for. B. by gluing or by the screw against the receiving sleeve 94 or partially encompassing the screw 28th The transverse hole 27 is arranged in this embodiment in the receiving sleeve 94 , and it can be dimensioned so large that the tool shank 25 can be inserted therein with little movement play or with a slight oversize and with an elastic compressive stress. In the first case and also in the second case, the screw 28 can take over the function of axially securing the tool shank 5 in that it presses radially inward against the receiving sleeve 94 and deforms it, thereby creating a non-positive connection or a deformation in the notch 31 or annular groove causes a positive locking of the tool shank 5 against axial displacement.

In Figs. 21 and 22 show further embodiments for delivery of the cooling, washing, or the treatment medium are described for the tool 5, which can be realized also in all the previously described embodiments. In the embodiment according to FIG. 22, the tool according to FIG. 19 or 20 is located in the receiving hole 27 , the screw 28 engaging in the notch 31 or annular groove and forming an axial securing device 100 for the tool 5 . In addition, the axial channel section at which the outlet end of a detachable line connection 96 for an externally extending adjacent to the handle shaft 4 supply line 4 extends 32 b into the region of at least one machining surface at the processing section 5 a or to the processing section 5 a remote end face of the tool shank 25, e is provided for the cooling, rinsing or treatment medium. The end facing the machining section 5 d can open out with one or more radial or inclined channel branches 32 c in the transition region to the machining section 5 d or in at least one machining surface, as has already been described.

In the embodiment of Fig. 21 is arranged to be distributed, one or more outlet openings 97 of the supply line to the transverse hole 27 or 95, which are provided by a bypass duct with the shank cavity or feed passage 4a in connection extending axially according longitudinally through the handpiece shaft 4 Figure may extend. 1 or by a radial channel branch 4 g and a detachable line connection 96 may be connected to the laterally extending adjacent the shank 4 feed line.

It is also possible within the scope of the invention to design the receiving sleeve 94 in connection with the notch 31 or annular groove in the tool shank 25 as an axial securing device 100 and latching device 101 , the tool shank 25 being insertable into the receiving hole 27 with little movement play and the notch 31 or Opposite ring groove an elastically resilient latching lug 102 is provided, which fits into the notch 31 or ring groove and can be manually overridden when the tool shank 25 is pushed in and out and expands automatically into the notch 31 or ring groove when pushed in.

It is possible within the scope of the invention to form the locking nose 102 as a projection or as a ring on the inner wall of the receiving sleeve 94, or by a bulge generated by the screw 28 to the receiving sleeve 94, radially inward pressure to the inside. The strength of the locking device 101 can be adjusted by screwing in the screw 28 to a greater or lesser extent.

The elasticity of the damping element 91 can also be changed and adjusted by means of the screw 28 . The greatest elasticity is given when the screw 28 or the latching lug 102 presses only slightly against the receiving sleeve 94 or the shaft 25 . The more the screw 28 is screwed in and the greater the contact pressure, the lower the elasticity of the damping element 91 and vice versa. Therefore, the screw 28 in connection with the creaming of the shaft 28 in the receiving sleeve 94 also forms an adjusting device 105 for adjusting the elasticity of the damping element 91 .

The tool 5 can also be freely rotated about its longitudinal central axis 10 in the tool holder. Such a swivel joint 106 is present when the tool shank 25 is received with a small radial play in the receiving channel 27 of the handpiece shank 4 or in the receiving sleeve 94 , so that it can be freely rotated therein and an axial fixing device is present which does axially fix the tool shank but not radially inward against it. This can be achieved by engaging the locking lug 102, which is designed as a projection or as a ring, by engaging in the annular groove 31 with play. It is possible to form 102 inside the latching nose or to the extent to push out means of the screw 28 from the elastic material of the receiving sleeve 94, to satisfy the aforementioned features.

It is furthermore possible for the screw 28 to pass through the receiving sleeve 94 in a hole and to engage it with its free, preferably rounded end in the annular groove 31 .

A free or somewhat braked rotatability of the tool 5 has the advantage that no harmful torque can be exerted on the tooth or on the treatment site with the handpiece and with the tool 5 when rotating about the longitudinal central axis 10 , since the tool 5 spins. On the one hand, this protects the tooth or the gums or the jawbone or the treatment site and, on the other hand, the tool 5 itself from overloading and damage. This is not only advantageous in the case of tools 5 whose processing section 5 d or processing body 14 have a non-round cross-sectional shape with which the torque can be exerted particularly prominently on the treatment site, but also have a round cross-sectional shape, in particular if it is a thin one Processing section that tends to break or bend, as is the case in particular with root canal files, as exemplified in FIGS. 19 and 25. Such tools 5 are particularly at risk if they are stuck in the cavity to be worked out or in the root canal.

The rotatability of the tool 5 according to the invention about its longitudinal central axis 10 in connection with the screw 28 thus also forms an overload safety device 111 which, due to the adjustable tension of a preferably elastic, radially inward against the tool 5 or against the tool shank 25 adjusting element, here the Latching lug 102 , to which the respective requirement, in particular given by the strength of the tool 5, can be adapted.

Furthermore, the screw 28 forms a rotational position locking device 115 for the tool 5 , which makes it possible to set the tool 5 in certain rotational positions, and which can be brought into and out of function by screwing the screw 28 in and out.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 23, in which the same or comparable parts are provided with the same reference numerals, the axial securing device 100 and the latching device 101 and a damping element 91 with a modified adjusting device 105 for the elasticity are assigned to the handpiece or the handpiece shaft 4 . In this embodiment, the elastic receiving sleeve 94 is axially compressible between an abutment, here in the form of a step surface 95 a of the receiving hole 95 and an adjusting element 105 a, and thus more or less expandable, so that the inner wall of the receiving hole 27 against the tool shank 25 more or less presses elastically and thereby on the one hand determines the elasticity of the damping means 91 and on the other hand the size of the torque at which the overload safety device 111, which is also integrated, comes into operation and can rotate the tool shank. The adjusting element can be formed by a hand nut with grip grooves screwed into the receiving hole 95 . The latching device 101 is formed by an inner elastic latching lug 102 in the form of a projection or ring, which can be overpressed in the manner described above when the tool shank 25 is pushed in and out.

It is also advantageous to design the tool holder with a swivel joint 118 , in which the tool 5 can be swiveled against an elastic restoring force about a swivel axis running coaxially or axially parallel in the region of the tool shank 25 or transversely to the handpiece shank 4 and transversely to the tool shank 25 . Instead of a pivot axis, the swivel joint 118 can also be spatially pivotable about a pivot point 118 a. In both cases, the swivel joint 118 is centered in each case on account of the elastic restoring force of the receiving sleeve 94 . In this embodiment, the tool 5 can move sideways, making it less prone to breakage. This configuration is very advantageously suitable for machining in the lateral region of the tooth and tooth neck, as is the case with lateral cavities or crown preparations. In the present exemplary embodiments, the swivel joint 118 is formed by the elastic receiving sleeve 94 , which enables pivoting against its elastic restoring force. The restoring force of the joint 118 can be reduced or increased by screwing in the screw 28 or the adjusting element 105 a to a greater or lesser extent.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 25, in which the same or comparable parts are provided with the same reference numerals, a locking device 121 is assigned to the tool holder with a swivel joint 106 , which fixes the free rotation when the lateral load on the tool 5 exceeds a predetermined force. This configuration is also particularly advantageous in the case of machining in the lateral tooth area, including the intermediate tooth area, as is also the case with a crown preparation. Should z. B. the tool 5 can not evade by turning, then by turning on the locking device 121, the swivel joint 106 can be locked so that the tool 5 cannot evade and can do cutting work in the respective rotational position. In the embodiment according to FIG. 24, this is achieved in that c in a radial distance, a first locking ring 122, on the handpiece shaft 4, here arranged on the tool holder to the tool 5 around the second at a lateral pivoting of the tool 5 with an opposing Locking ring 123 of the tool 5 , here on its shank 25 , engages non-positively due to friction or positively due to a tooth engagement and thereby prevents the tool 5 from rotating.

It is possible within the scope of the invention and depending on the shape and purpose of the tool 5, it is advantageous to design the locking device 121 in such a way that the rotatability is blocked or canceled at a specific axial tool load. In this case, the locking ring 123 is on its side facing away from the machining body 114 , on which it is also non-positively or positively designed as a locking ring 123 a, a locking ring 122 a is arranged at an axial distance d with which it interacts in the event of an axial displacement.

In the embodiments according to FIGS. 24 and 25 bezgl the formation of the damping member 91 from the above-described embodiment in that the receiving sleeve 94 of elastic material is part of the tool 5 and fixed to the shaft 25, for different sitting.. B. is vulcanized or glued. It thus forms an integral part of the tool 5 . With this receiving sleeve 94 , the tool shank 25 can be inserted into the receiving hole 95 in the handpiece shank 4 with play or smoothly and can be axially secured, in the present embodiment by means of the screw 28 , which fits into a notch 31 or preferably an annular groove in the lateral surface of the receiving sleeve 94 . In this exemplary embodiment, too, there is an axial securing device 100 in the form of a latching device 101 , an adjusting device for adjusting the elasticity of the damping element 91 , an overload securing device 111 , a rotational position locking device 115 and a swivel joint 118 , as has already been described.

The tool 5 not only according to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 9 but also according to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 10 to 25 is suitable for working out a cavity in the lateral or approximal area of the tooth, the side surface of the tool 5 facing away from the tooth being smooth is so as not to injure the neighboring tooth in the proximal area when using the tool 1 . This tool 5 is set up to be worked into the tooth from the side in the approximal area from the occlusal side and in the remaining side area of the tooth 35 . The associated lateral work surfaces of the machining section 5 d are designed to be convergent in the respective direction of incorporation in order to be able to pull the machining section 5 out of the machined cavity easily.

Within the scope of the invention it is possible and advantageous to use a treatment agent Use liquid in the suspension with small hard and abrasive Particles are located in order to increase the performance of the cutting or abrasive Editing.  

Also in the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 and following, the tool 5 may be the angle duct 32 a, 32 b or the shank 25 32 a1 having the channel for the cooling, washing or treatment medium.

The distance a of the tool 5 from the apex 51 of the bend can be smaller or larger than the distance b between the bend and the grip sleeve 1 . The distance a is preferably approximately 1 to 3 cm, in particular approximately 1 to 2 cm.

The vibration generator 2 generates short-stroke vibrations in the sense of a vibration with a frequency that is preferably in the sound or ultrasound range, the vibrations or amplitudes being linear or spatially directed transversely or longitudinally. Epsilon-shaped or circular spatial vibrations have also proven to be advantageous. In the present embodiment, depending on the working direction, the main direction of such vibrations can run transversely or along the shaft 4 , depending on the working direction.

It is also advantageous to equip the handpiece with a vibration generator 2, its power and / or frequency can be adjusted to c when using different tools 5 and / or shaft parts 4, a favorable ratio between the vibrations and the particular composition to achieve. The adjustability can be provided continuously or in stages. For adjustability, a manually operated actuator can be provided on the handpiece, in particular on the grip sleeve 1 .

The invention and the embodiments described above are also for a so-called Laboratory handpiece for processing prostheses or samples of parts of the human or animal body advantageous in a medical or dental laboratory.

Claims (47)

1.Medical or dental medical handpiece for in particular machining or abrasive processing, preferably of body tissue, with a shaft ( 4 ) and a tool ( 5 ) arranged at its free end, which has one or more machining or abrasive work surfaces, and by a drive ( 2 ) can be driven in an oscillating manner, in particular for working out a cavity or a root canal in a tooth when the tool ( 5 ) is oscillating, characterized in that the tool ( 5 ) is a separate component and can be detached from the shaft ( 4 ) by a holding device ( 26 ) ) connected is. 2.Medical or dental medical handpiece for in particular machining or abrasive processing, preferably of body tissue, with a shaft ( 4 ) and a tool ( 5 ) arranged at its free end, which has one or more machining or abrasive work surfaces, and by a drive ( 2 ) can be driven in an oscillating manner, in particular for working out a cavity or a root canal in a tooth when the tool ( 5 ) oscillates, or the handpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool ( 5 ) is adjustable and in the respective adjustment position by a locking device is a separate component connected to the shaft ( 4 ). 3. The handpiece of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjusting device or the holding device round an axially or transversely arranged to the shaft (4) receiving hole, or has non-circular or polygonal cross section in the handpiece shaft (4) and the tool (5) comprises a motion having appropriate in the receiving hole (27) insertable tool shaft (25) cross-sectional shape. 4. Handpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that the locking device or the holding device ( 26 ) has a clamping screw ( 28 ), which is preferably screwed from the front into a particularly coaxial threaded hole ( 29 ) in the handpiece shaft ( 4 ) and against the tool shaft ( 25th ) is exciting. 5. Handpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that the tool shaft ( 25 ) has a notch ( 31 ), preferably formed by an annular groove, for the engagement of the clamping screw ( 28 ). 6. Handpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that the transverse hole ( 27 ) is arranged in the foot region of a threaded bolt ( 41 ) projecting preferably forwardly from the handpiece shaft ( 4 ), onto which a threaded nut ( 42 ) can be screwed and against the tool shaft ( 25 ). is exciting. 7. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking device or the holding device ( 26 ) is formed by a quick-action connection ( 45 ). 8. Handpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that on the handpiece shaft ( 4 ) a pressure member ( 46 ) is mounted longitudinally displaceably, which is clamped against the tool shaft ( 25 ) by a spring force which can be suppressed manually or by means of a reduction gear ( 56 ). 9. Handpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressure member is formed by a sleeve ( 46 a) which is mounted on the handpiece shaft ( 4 ). 10. Handpiece according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a pressure spring ( 48 ) is provided for acting on the pressure member ( 46 ) or the sleeve ( 46 a), which is mounted on the handpiece shaft ( 4 ) and on a shoulder surface ( 47 ) the handpiece shaft ( 4 ) is supported. 11. Handpiece according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a recess for the engagement of the pressure member ( 46 ) is provided in the tool shank ( 25 ). 12. The handpiece of claim 11, characterized in that the recess is formed by a flattening (49) or two, axially spaced from each other, having flats (49) or annular grooves. 13. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 12, characterized in that between the pressure member ( 46 ) and the tool shank ( 25 ) a positive connection for axially fixing the tool shank ( 4 ) on the pressure member ( 46 ) is arranged. 14. Handpiece according to claim 12, characterized in that the pressure member ( 46 ) overlaps one or both transverse surfaces ( 49 a) of one or both recesses in a form-fitting manner. 15. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) is associated with an overload coupling ( 55 ) which releases the tool shank ( 25 ) in the event of an overload. 16. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) is formed by a collet ( 61 ). 17. Handpiece according to claim 16, characterized in that the collet ( 61 ) has a screw nut ( 63 ) which can be clamped with a conical surface ( 67 ) against clamping segments ( 65 ), between which the tool shank ( 25 ) can be inserted. 18. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central axis of the receiving hole ( 27 ) and / or the tool ( 5 ) with the central axis of the shaft ( 4 ) include an acute or right or obtuse angle (W), in particular an angular range of approximately 75 to 105 °. 19. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft ( 4 ) is angled laterally, preferably towards the side of the tool ( 5 ), in particular at an angle (W) of approximately 10 to 20 °, preferably approximately 15 °. 20. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool ( 5 ) opposite a work surface has a smooth surface. 21. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a support leg ( 85 ) is provided on one side of the tool ( 5 ). 22. Handpiece according to claim 21, characterized in that the support leg ( 85 ) is held on the shaft ( 4 ) or on the tool shaft ( 25 ) and is adjustable, in particular rotatable, with the tool ( 5 ). 23. Handpiece according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the abutting contact surfaces ( 86 , 87 ) of the support leg ( 85 ) and the tool ( 5 ) are profiled in the longitudinal direction of the tool ( 5 ), in particular are shaped like a roof. 24. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a media line ( 6 a, 6 b; 83 ), preferably for a processing or treatment or cooling liquid, which extends longitudinally through the handpiece ( 5 ) and with an outlet to the treatment site or a processing body of the tool (5) is directed or at least partially extends through the handpiece shaft (4), the holding device (26) and the tool shaft (2) passes and at least one outlet opening (32 d) in at least a work surface and / or opens into a smooth surface of the machining body and / or in the transition region between the tool shank ( 25 ) and a machining body. 25. Handpiece according to claim 24, characterized in that the at least one mouth opening ( 32 d) above the machining body of the tool ( 5 ) or in the transition region between the machining body and the shaft ( 25 ) is provided. 26. Handpiece according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that a lateral line connection ( 81 ) for a media line ( 82 ) is arranged on the shaft ( 4 ). 27. Medical or dental medical handpiece for machining or abrasive processing, preferably of body tissue, with a holding device ( 26 ) for fastening a tool ( 5 ) to the handpiece, and with a drive ( 2 ) for an oscillating movement of the tool ( 5 ), or handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a damping means ( 91 ) is arranged in the drive connection for the tool ( 5 ). 28. Handpiece according to claim 27, characterized in that the damping means ( 91 ) in the holding device ( 26 ) or in the tool shank ( 25 ) is integrated. 29. Handpiece according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that an adjusting device ( 105 ) for increasing or decreasing the elasticity of the damping element ( 91 ) is provided. 30. Medical or dental medical handpiece for machining or abrasive processing, preferably of body tissue, with a holding device ( 26 ) for fastening a tool ( 5 ) to the handpiece, and with a drive ( 2 ) for an oscillating movement of the tool ( 5 ), or handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) has a latching device ( 101 ) with a latching element ( 102 ) for the tool ( 5 ), the latching element ( 102 ) during manual insertion and removal of the tool ( 5 ) can be suppressed. 31. Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) is assigned a rotational position locking device ( 115 ). 32. Medical or dental medical handpiece for machining or abrasive processing, preferably of body tissue, with a holding device ( 26 ) for fastening a tool ( 5 ) to the handpiece, and with a drive ( 2 ) for an oscillating movement of the tool ( 5 ), or Handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) has a swivel joint ( 118 ), in which the tool ( 5 ) is mounted so that it can pivot about a swivel axis or spatially around a swivel point ( 118 a) and in each case by a Restoring force is applied in its central position. 33. Medical or dental-medical handpiece for machining or abrasive processing, preferably of body tissue, with a holding device ( 26 ) for fastening a tool ( 5 ) to the handpiece, and with a drive ( 2 ) for an oscillating movement of the tool ( 5 ), or handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) has a swivel joint ( 106 ) in which the tool ( 5 ) can be rotated about its longitudinal central axis ( 10 ). 34. Medical or dental medical handpiece according to claim 33, characterized in that the swivel joint ( 106 ) is assigned a locking device ( 121 ) with which the rotatability of the tool ( 5 ) in the swivel joint ( 106 ) can be blocked. 35. Medical or dental handpiece according to claim 34, characterized in that the locking device ( 121 ) can be brought into engagement by a lateral and / or axial movement of the tool ( 5 ) and can be released by a movement in the opposite direction of movement. 36. Medical or dental handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device ( 26 ) has an axial round recess ( 27 ) into which the tool shaft ( 25 ) can be inserted and secured against axial loosening. 37. Medical or dental medical handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping element ( 91 ) is formed by a sleeve ( 94 ) made of elastically deformable material, which surrounds the tool shank ( 25 ). 38. Medical or dental medical handpiece according to claim 37, characterized in that the sleeve ( 94 ) is fixedly arranged on the tool shaft ( 25 ) or is held in the holding device ( 26 ). 39. Medical or dental-medical handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the axial securing of the tool shaft ( 25 ) in the sleeve ( 94 ) or the sleeve ( 94 ) in the holding device ( 26 ) a transversely directed fixing or clamping or screw element or locking device ( 101 ) is provided. 40. Medical or dental medical tool ( 5 ) for machining or abrasive processing of preferably body tissue, in particular for preparing a canal or root canal ( 35 a) of a tooth ( 35 ), consisting of a processing section ( 5 a), one end of which is one Tool shank ( 25 ) extends with which the tool ( 5 ) can be connected to a holder of a handpiece, in which an oscillation drive is arranged, with which the holder with the tool ( 5 ) fixed therein can be driven in an oscillating manner, characterized in that between the machining section ( 5 a) and the tool shank ( 25 ) or between the tool shank ( 25 ) and a retaining ring ( 92 ) surrounding it, a damping means ( 91 ) is arranged or the damping means ( 91 ) forms the retaining ring ( 94 ). 41. Tool or handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping means ( 91 ) consists of elastically deformable material, in particular plastic or rubber. 42. Tool or handpiece according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool ( 5 ) or the drive connection is formed in two parts and the two parts ( 92 , 93 ; 4 , 94 ) are interconnected by the damping means ( 91 ). 43. Tool according to one of the preceding claims 40 to 42, characterized in that the tool shank ( 25 ) from a shank core ( 93 ) and the shank core ( 93 ) surrounding and with the shank core ( 93 ) z. B. is firmly or positively or non-positively connected damping element ( 91 ) is formed. 44. Tool according to claim 43, characterized in that the shaft core ( 93 ) has the shape of a pin and the damping element ( 91 ) has the shape of a seated thereon, optionally closed on the end face. 45. Tool according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that the damping element ( 91 ) has a shaft shell ( 92 ) made of a harder material than the damping element ( 91 ). 46. Tool according to claim 45, characterized in that the shaft shell ( 92 ) consists of metal. 47. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool shaft ( 25 ) or the sleeve ( 94 ) or the switching shell ( 92 ) has a recess ( 31 ) on the lateral surface, which preferably has an annular shape.