DE19709143A1 - Microwave immersion sensor for measuring very different parameters, e.g. distance, fill level, moisture, material conc., density, etc., e.g. for measuring sol., emulsions or suspensions in industrial process measurement - Google Patents

Microwave immersion sensor for measuring very different parameters, e.g. distance, fill level, moisture, material conc., density, etc., e.g. for measuring sol., emulsions or suspensions in industrial process measurement

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Publication number
DE19709143A1
DE19709143A1 DE19709143A DE19709143A DE19709143A1 DE 19709143 A1 DE19709143 A1 DE 19709143A1 DE 19709143 A DE19709143 A DE 19709143A DE 19709143 A DE19709143 A DE 19709143A DE 19709143 A1 DE19709143 A1 DE 19709143A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
measuring
antenna
immersion sensor
density
measurement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19709143A
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PRO/M/TEC THEISEN GMBH, 76275 ETTLINGEN, DE
Original Assignee
PRO M TEC THEISEN GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PRO M TEC THEISEN GmbH filed Critical PRO M TEC THEISEN GmbH
Priority to DE19709143A priority Critical patent/DE19709143A1/en
Publication of DE19709143A1 publication Critical patent/DE19709143A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H01Q21/12—Parallel arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G01N22/04—Investigating moisture content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/24—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing the transmission of wave or particle radiation through the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/24—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave constituted by a dielectric or ferromagnetic rod or pipe
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface

Abstract

The sensor measures microwaves in transmission and consists of two antennas (1) immersed directly into the measurement medium. The antennas are mounted on a common ground surface (2). The antenna forms a monopole radiator with a dielectric cap. The short metal rod (1) acting as the antenna interacts with the cap (3) to radiate a high frequency field. The dielectric cap matches he antenna to the measurement medium electrically and mechanically.

Description

Zur Erfassung verschiedenster Meßgrößen wie Distanz, Füllhöhe, Feuchte, Stoffkonzentration, Dichte u. a. werden Mikrowellen-Meßverfahren erfolgreich verwendet. Innerhalb der industriellen Prozeßkon­ trolle ist die Bestimmung von Dichte, Konzentration oder Trockenmasse einer beliebigen Lösung, Emul­ sion oder Suspension in Rohrleitungen oder sonstigen offenen und geschlossenen Behältern, Tanks, Kochapparaten etc. on- und inline notwendig. Neben den klassischen Meßverfahren werden hier auch Mikrowellen-Meßverfahren verwendet in Form einer Durchstrahlung des Meßmediums in exakt vorge­ gebener Geometrie mit einer Sende- und Empfangsantenne oder einem Hohlleiter, in dem das Meß­ medium eingebracht wird.For recording a wide variety of measured variables such as distance, fill level, moisture, substance concentration, density u. a. microwave measurement methods are successfully used. Within the industrial process con trolls is the determination of density, concentration or dry matter of any solution, emul sion or suspension in pipelines or other open and closed containers, tanks, Cooking equipment etc. on- and inline necessary. In addition to the classic measurement methods, here too Microwave measuring method used in the form of a radiation of the measuring medium in exactly pre given geometry with a transmitting and receiving antenna or a waveguide in which the measurement medium is introduced.

Durch die erforderliche vorgegebene Meßgeometrie lassen sich die vorhandenen Meßverfahren nicht für beliebige Anwendungsfälle, wie sie innerhalb der industriellen Prozeßmeßtechnik vorkommen, ver­ wenden. So können Rohrleitungen unterschiedlichste Durchmesser und Rohrwandungsdicken haben oder es muß in Behältnissen beliebiger Bauart gemessen werden. Hier versagen vorhandene Mikro­ wellen-Meßverfahren.Due to the required predetermined measurement geometry, the existing measurement methods cannot be used for any application, as they occur within industrial process measurement technology, ver turn. Pipelines can have a wide range of diameters and pipe wall thicknesses or it must be measured in containers of any type. Existing microphones fail here wave measuring method.

Der im Schutzanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, ein Mikrowellen-Meßver­ fahren zur Bestimmung der Dichte, Konzentration oder Trockenmasse einer Lösung, Emulsion oder Suspension in Form einer Transmissionsmessung ohne Beschränkung durch die vorhandene Meßgeo­ metrie zu realisieren, so daß innerhalb der typischen Aufgabenstellungen im Bereich der industriellen Prozeßmeßtechnik ein universelles Verfahren für on- und inline-Messungen zur Verfügung steht.The invention specified in protection claim 1 is based on the problem of a microwave measuring ver drive to determine the density, concentration or dry matter of a solution, emulsion or Suspension in the form of a transmission measurement without restriction by the existing measuring geo Realize metry, so that within the typical tasks in the field of industrial Process measurement technology a universal method for online and inline measurements is available.

Dieses Problem wird mit den im Schutzanspruch 1 und 2 aufgeführten Merkmalen gelöst.This problem is solved with the features listed in protection claims 1 and 2.

Mit der Erfindung wird erreicht, daß unter Verwendung der beiden direkt in das Meßmedium (6) ein­ tauchenden Antennen die Dichte, Konzentration oder Trockenmasse des Meßmediums über die Mes­ sung dessen dielektrischer Eigenschaften bestimmt werden kann. Bei dem beschriebenen Sensor arbeitet eine Antenne als Sende-, die andere als Empfangsantenne. Mit der Durchstrahlung (8) des Meßmediums mit Mikrowellen lassen sich mit Hilfe der beschriebenen Anordnung von zwei auf einer gemeinsamen Massefläche montierten, in das zu messende Medium eingetauchten, geeignet abge­ deckten Antennen die Dämpfung der elektromagnetischen Wellen und deren Phasenlaufzeit in Abhäng­ igkeit von der Produktzusammensetzung ermitteln. Die Dämpfung und die Phasenlaufzeit sind mit der komplexen Dielektrizitätskonstanten E des Meßmediums über die folgenden Beziehungen verknüpft:
With the invention it is achieved that using the two directly into the measuring medium ( 6 ) a diving antenna, the density, concentration or dry matter of the measuring medium can be determined via the measurement of its dielectric properties. In the sensor described, one antenna works as a transmitting antenna, the other as a receiving antenna. With the radiation ( 8 ) of the measuring medium with microwaves can be with the help of the described arrangement of two mounted on a common ground, immersed in the medium to be measured, suitably covered antennas, the damping of the electromagnetic waves and their phase delay depending on the product composition determine. The damping and the phase delay are linked to the complex dielectric constant E of the measuring medium via the following relationships:

Dämpfung = Konstante × (0,5 × (E'2 + E''2)0,5 - E')0,5
Phasenlaufzeit = Konstante × (0,5 × (E'2 + E''2)0,5 + E')0,5.Attenuation = constant × (0.5 × (E ' 2 + E'' 2 ) 0.5 - E') 0.5
Phase delay = constant × (0.5 × (E ' 2 + E'' 2 ) 0.5 + E') 0.5 .

Den unter vorgegebenen industriellen Prozessen auftretenden unterschiedlichsten Produktzusammen­ setzungen trägt die Anordnung Rechnung durch exakte Anpassung mittels Abstimmung des Antennen­ abstandes (4) und Ausführung der dielektrischen Kappen (3) in Abhängigkeit von den physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des Meßmediums (6). So kann der Sensor z. B. an Flüssigkeiten mit hoher Dichte und hohen Dämpfungseigenschaften ebenso angepaßt werden wie an abrasiv wirkenden Suspensionen, die durch geeignete Wahl des Werkstoffes der dielektrischen Kappen beherrscht wer­ den können. The different product compositions occurring under given industrial processes takes the arrangement into account by exact adaptation by means of tuning the antenna spacing ( 4 ) and designing the dielectric caps ( 3 ) depending on the physical and chemical properties of the measuring medium ( 6 ). So the sensor z. B. be adapted to liquids with high density and high damping properties as well as abrasive suspensions that can be controlled by a suitable choice of the material of the dielectric caps who can.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist im Schutzanspruch 3 angegeben.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 3.

Die Weiterbildung nach Schutzanspruch 3 nutzt die Tatsache aus, daß die in Betracht kommenden Meßstellen in industriellen Prozessen meistens mit metallischen Rohrleitungs- oder Behälterwandungen ausgestattet sind, so daß die gemäß Schutzanspruch 1 erforderliche gemeinsame Massefläche (3) schon vorgegeben ist. Es genügen zwei Bohrungen im Abstand (4) zur Aufnahme der Antennen. Damit kann das Meßsystem auch noch nachträglich an vorhandene Rohrleitungen mit beliebigem Durchmes­ ser oder sonstige Meßstellen wie beschrieben montiert werden.The further development according to protection claim 3 takes advantage of the fact that the measuring points in question in industrial processes are mostly equipped with metallic pipeline or container walls, so that the common ground surface ( 3 ) required according to protection claim 1 is already specified. Two holes at a distance ( 4 ) are sufficient to accommodate the antennas. This means that the measuring system can also be retrofitted to existing pipes with any diameter or other measuring points as described.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Fig. 1 und 2 erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Show it:

Fig. 1 die beiden Antennen auf der gemeinsamen Massefläche mit den zugehörigen dielektrischen Kappen, Fig. 1, the two antennas on the common ground plane with the associated dielectric caps,

Fig. 2 die Ausführung des Mikrowellen-Tauchsensors eingebaut in einem Tauchrohr. Fig. 2 shows the design of the microwave immersion sensor installed in an immersion tube.

Der Mikrowellen-Tauchsensor kann wie beschrieben direkt, in das Meßmedium (6) um- oder ab­ schließende metallische Wandungen, montiert werden. Bei sehr großen Rohrleitungsquerschnitten oder großen Behältern kann das Problem auftreten, daß die Dichte, Konzentration, Trockenmasse oder allgemein die Produktzusammensetzung in Abhängigkeit von den vorherrschenden Strömungen oder Viskositäten nicht homogen über den gesamten Querschnitt verteilt ist. In diesem Falle kann der Wunsch bestehen, die Messung nicht unmittelbar mit einem Meßfeld (8) in der Nähe der Wandung, sondern tief im Inneren des Meßmediums durchzuführen. Hierzu wird der Mikrowellen-Tauchsenor mit einem Tauchrohr (7) gemäß Fig. 2 in die gewünschte Tiefe des Meßmediums eingebracht, um eine unter allen Prozeßbedingungen zu gewährleistende repräsentative Messung zu erreichen.As described, the microwave immersion sensor can be mounted directly in the measuring medium ( 6 ) or from closing metallic walls. In the case of very large pipe cross sections or large containers, the problem can arise that the density, concentration, dry matter or generally the product composition, depending on the prevailing flows or viscosities, is not distributed homogeneously over the entire cross section. In this case, there may be a desire not to carry out the measurement directly with a measuring field ( 8 ) near the wall, but rather deep inside the measuring medium. For this purpose, the microwave immersion sensor is inserted into the desired depth of the measurement medium with an immersion tube ( 7 ) according to FIG. 2 in order to achieve a representative measurement that is to be guaranteed under all process conditions.

Eine typische Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Verwendung des Mikrowellen-Tauchsensors für die Führung des Sudprozesses von Verdampfungskristallisatoren in der Zuckerindustrie. Der Mikrowellen- Tauchsensor wird in der Ausführung mit einem Tauchrohr (7), ausgestattet mit einem Flansch (9) in einem Kochapparat eingebaut und gestattet die kontinuierliche Konzentrationsbestimmung des Zucker­ saftes während des gesamten Kochprozesses. Die eintauchenden Antennen sind an der gemeinsamen Massefläche wie auch die dielektrischen Kappen gegen die Massefläche mittels eines Dichtringes (5) zuverlässig gegen das Meßmedium abgedichtet.A typical embodiment of the invention is the use of the microwave immersion sensor for guiding the brewing process of evaporative crystallizers in the sugar industry. The microwave immersion sensor is installed in the version with an immersion tube ( 7 ) equipped with a flange ( 9 ) in a cooking apparatus and allows the concentration of the sugar juice to be determined continuously during the entire cooking process. The immersing antennas are reliably sealed against the measuring medium by means of a sealing ring ( 5 ) on the common ground surface as well as the dielectric caps against the ground surface.

Claims (3)

1. Tauchsensor zur Bestimmung der Dichte, Konzentration oder Trockenmasse einer Lösung, Emulsion oder Suspension in der industriellen Prozeßmeßtechnik, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit Mikrowellen in Transmission gemessen wird mit einem Sensor gemäß Fig. 1, bestehend aus zwei direkt in das Meßmedium eingetauchten Antennen (1), die auf einer gemeinsamen Massefläche (2) montiert sind.1. Immersion sensor for determining the density, concentration or dry matter of a solution, emulsion or suspension in industrial process measurement technology, characterized in that measurement is carried out with microwaves in transmission with a sensor according to FIG. 1, consisting of two antennas immersed directly in the measurement medium ( 1 ), which are mounted on a common ground surface ( 2 ). 2. Tauchsensor nach Schutzanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antenne (1) des Sensors als Monopolstrahler ausgeführt und mit einer dielektrischen Kappe (3) versehen ist, wobei der als Antenne wirkende kurze metallische Stab (1) zur Abstrahlung des hoch­ frequenten Feldes mit der dielektrischen Kappe (3) in Wechselwirkung steht und die dielektrische Kappe (3) bei diesem Aufbau die Aufgabe hat, die elektrische und mechanische Anpassung der Antenne an das Meßmedium zu gewährleisten, indem die Formgebung, das Material und der Abstand (4) der dielek­ trischen Kappen (3) an die geforderten Meßbedingungen, die in offenen und geschlossenen Meßgeo­ metrien wie Rohrleitungen, Behältern oder Kochapparaten herrschen, angepaßt wird.2. Immersion sensor according to protection claim 1, characterized in that the antenna ( 1 ) of the sensor is designed as a monopole radiator and is provided with a dielectric cap ( 3 ), the short metallic rod ( 1 ) acting as an antenna for emitting the high-frequency field the dielectric cap ( 3 ) interacts and the dielectric cap ( 3 ) has the task in this structure to ensure the electrical and mechanical adaptation of the antenna to the measuring medium by the shape, the material and the distance ( 4 ) of the dielek trical caps ( 3 ) to the required measuring conditions, which prevail in open and closed measuring geometries such as pipes, containers or cooking appliances, are adapted. 3. Tauchsensor nach Schutzanspruch 1 und Unteranspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antennen (1) des Sensors mit ihren dielektrischen Kappen (3) in eine das Meßmedium (6) um- oder abschließende metallische Rohrleitungs- oder Behälterwandung (2) eingebaut oder in ein Tauch­ rohr (7) gemäß Fig. 2 z. B. für einen Kochapparat, Tank oder sonstigen geschlossenen oder offenen Behältnissen integriert werden.3. Immersion sensor according to protection claim 1 and dependent claim 2, characterized in that the antennas ( 1 ) of the sensor with their dielectric caps ( 3 ) in a the measuring medium ( 6 ) enclosing or final metallic pipeline or container wall ( 2 ) installed or in a dip tube ( 7 ) according to FIG. 2 z. B. for a cooking apparatus, tank or other closed or open containers.
DE19709143A 1996-10-08 1997-02-27 Microwave immersion sensor for measuring very different parameters, e.g. distance, fill level, moisture, material conc., density, etc., e.g. for measuring sol., emulsions or suspensions in industrial process measurement Ceased DE19709143A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19709143A DE19709143A1 (en) 1996-10-08 1997-02-27 Microwave immersion sensor for measuring very different parameters, e.g. distance, fill level, moisture, material conc., density, etc., e.g. for measuring sol., emulsions or suspensions in industrial process measurement

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29617488U DE29617488U1 (en) 1996-10-08 1996-10-08 Microwave immersion sensor
DE19709143A DE19709143A1 (en) 1996-10-08 1997-02-27 Microwave immersion sensor for measuring very different parameters, e.g. distance, fill level, moisture, material conc., density, etc., e.g. for measuring sol., emulsions or suspensions in industrial process measurement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19709143A1 true DE19709143A1 (en) 1999-09-23

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DE29617488U Expired - Lifetime DE29617488U1 (en) 1996-10-08 1996-10-08 Microwave immersion sensor
DE19709143A Ceased DE19709143A1 (en) 1996-10-08 1997-02-27 Microwave immersion sensor for measuring very different parameters, e.g. distance, fill level, moisture, material conc., density, etc., e.g. for measuring sol., emulsions or suspensions in industrial process measurement

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE29617488U Expired - Lifetime DE29617488U1 (en) 1996-10-08 1996-10-08 Microwave immersion sensor

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29721039U1 (en) * 1997-11-28 1998-02-05 Berthold Lab Prof Dr Device for transmission measurement using microwaves
DE19923497A1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-23 Volkswagen Ag Moisture measuring device for the interior of a motor vehicle
DE202013102514U1 (en) 2013-06-11 2013-06-17 Vega Grieshaber Kg Level gauge for moisture determination

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1210998B (en) * 1963-11-05 1966-02-17 Interatom Level meter for liquid metals
DK149870C (en) * 1976-12-30 1987-03-23 Danske Sukkerfab PROCEDURE FOR CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT IN A MEDIUM
DE3213335C2 (en) * 1982-04-07 1986-06-05 EMS Elektronik-Meßtechnik Dipl.-Ing. Leo Schmidt GmbH, 1000 Berlin Device for the detection of objects to be measured made of different dielectric materials
IT1231978B (en) * 1989-09-26 1992-01-22 Ital Idee Srl DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE CONTENT OF TANKS CONTAINING FLUIDS HAVING DIFFERENT ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
MX173811B (en) * 1989-10-04 1994-03-29 Agar Corp Ltd OIL / WATER MEASUREMENT IMPROVEMENTS

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Publication number Publication date
DE29617488U1 (en) 1997-05-15

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