DE1965736A1 - Fluid energy converter - Google Patents

Description

The '' invention relates to a pluid energy converter, for example a motor or a pump for converting fluid energy into kinetic energy, or vice versa.

The invention is also based on such a fluid energy converter with a rotor and a stator, the inner wall of the stator housing has at least two recesses, which are in connection with the outer wall of the rotor and can form chambers with variable volume in these held slides, and the rotor with at least two comprises the wall of the recesses cooperating slide, with an inflow line and an outflow line for the fluid that are provided in the rotor on either side of each slide, the number of slide is different from that of the recesses and the recesses extend over an arc of a circle, which is smaller than the arc between the mouth of the inflow or outflow line of a slide and the nearest inflow or outflow line of an adjacent slide, and with a Bruckmitt'elverbind the Slide seats in the rotor with a pressure medium source for pressing the slide against the inner wall of the stator .

009829/1112

BAO ORIGINAL

Such devices are particularly described in the U.S. Patents 2 730 076 (HOGUE) and 2 992 616 (RIKEER), these well-known pluid energy converters can for a given definition of their components only in a single torque and speed range work at a given pressure and fluid flow rate.

There are also rotating hydraulic motors and pumps known (DBP 733 050 from CALZONI and DBP 1 215.532 from HARTMANN Manufacturing Co). in which a distributor is provided to a variable number of 'working chambers connect to a fluid high pressure source eu and thereby to be able to bring about a speed and change of direction.

The invention is based on the object of a fluid energy converter to create a relatively high number of work areas, reduced wear on parts, high efficiency and a Smooth, vibration-free running, which also enables the direction of rotation to be reversed thanks to a simpler device than with the well-known PIuid energy converters multiple work areas.

The invention is essentially characterized in that the inflow and / or outflow lines of the rotor in at least s; wel divided into independent groups which are connected to a high pressure fluid source are as well as "with a fluid low pressure source, and swar via a distributor that enables the independent connection of the line 3 groups to one of the two fluid pressure sources enables.

When the inflow line and the outflow line of a gate valve both with the same high or low pressure connected bind and when the fluid pressure on the sole

009829/1112 ^{BAD 0RIG1NAL}

If it is sufficiently small, it remains in its visual space and is therefore ineffective, the hydraulically effective
Surface is thereby reduced, and also, so that _f while maintaining performance increases the speed of the rotor of experienced torque never device also forms as a transmission forth.

If the inflow pressure P. and the outflow pressure P "both

A El

are equal to the pressure PC in the slide bed
the slide is in equilibrium and is therefore ineffective

Thus a slider may be characterized in its V MPACT off / that the inflow conduit and the outflow conduit are brought to the high pressure source when the pressure in the slide bed is at least equal to the pressure of the high pressure source * It is therefore sufficient, without the pressure P _c to change, to bring the inlet line or the outlet line in connection with the low pressure source and to bring the slide into the active position, whereby the device can be operated as a pump or as a motor.

To ensure that a slide is in its inactive When the position is reached, the pressure in the slide bed can also be reduced. Here, the slide beds are in turn at least divided into two groups, and these groups are associated with a high pressure source or a low pressure source connected via a distributor that enables the groups of sliding beds to be connected independently with one of the two pressure sources.

In order to make a slider ineffective, according to a Embodiment the inflow lines and the outflow lines with the high pressure source and at the same time the slide beds in connection with the Niederdruok spring ge «

0 0 9 8 2 9/1112

BATH ORIGINAL

brings. To activate the slide, the pressure in the Slide bed made equal to the pressure of the high pressure source and the inflow line or the outflow line with the Mecler pressure source tied together.

A slide valve can also be made ineffective by connecting the inflow line and the outflow line to the low pressure source when the pressure in the valve bed is equal to the pressure of the spring pressure source. In this case, however, the pressure in the slide bed must be increased in order to activate the slide ”, and for example be increased to the pressure of the high pressure source »In this embodiment, the slide beds must also can be divided into two groups, with a distributor enabling these groups to be independently connected to a low-pressure source and to a pressure source with a higher pressure, for example to the high pressure source.

To activate a valve, it is then sufficient to insert one of the inflow or outflow lines and the valve bed in Bring connection with the high pressure source.

When the two groups of inflow and outflow pipes If there are an unequal number of lines, more than two speeds can be set.

For example, if the device has six valves and the lines are divided into two groups, where one group combines the lines of two valves and the other group the lines of four valves, this results in the following switching options.

1. A maximum speed and a minimum torque, when two sliders are in their active position.

2. A medium speed and a medium torque when four sliders are in their active bind position.

009829/1112

BATH ORIGINAL

3. T? In minimum speed and a maximum torque, when all saohs sliders in their active .Position are.

In a similar way, with eight sliders, which are divided into three groups (four, two and two), achieve four different speeds «With six slides, which are divided into three groups of six, two and two, and with five sliders that are divided into three groups are divided into six, four and two, five or six speeds can be set.

When all the slides are in their inactive position, the fluid energy converter runs empty. The direction of rotation of the The rotor can be reversed by swapping the inflow and / or outflow lines to the pressure sources, In this way, several speeds and opposite directions can be set Set directions of rotation. The fluid energy converter can also be used as a brake or blocking device use if the pluid drainage lines are throttled or be blocked.

If the rotor is on the outside, it must be practical can rotate without play on the inner part. The leakage currents grow to the power of three of the game, so that the efficiency decreases considerably when the game is noticeable.

In order to keep the play small, the eotor can have two side surfaces have, interconnected by pieces of rubble, an independent ring of low cross-section and of a substantially constant thickness, which is accommodated in the space delimited by the transverse pieces and a wave-shaped profile wears, whereby the recesses are formed, as well as pressure devices, such as screw devices or eccentric on the transverse struts to open

009829/1112

BATH ORIGINAL

the outer surface of the ring between the recesses apply a pressure so that the inner diameter of the ring ges is thereby adjustable.

Each slider may comprise a plurality of slider blades that are folded together and the ends of which are curved. Operational high pressure fluid flows from the one with the inflow lines connected part of the recesses into the chambers between the curved ends of the slide blades and the inner wall of the outer part, the fluid can also get into the recesses from the slide beds. This fluid part counteracts a good contact of the slide leaves against the inner wall of the outer part and tends to make the slide blades inactive.

In order to avoid this disadvantage, in a slide with three slide blades, the middle slide blade is provided with a groove on each side, which is connected to an opening that traverses this slide blade, the hats with three openings being in different planes and each on the outside »Slider blades has an opening which is located opposite the opening in the middle slider leaf and is connected to the groove on the surface of the middle slider leaf.

Due to this arrangement, slides with a odd number of scoop sheets reached j that the Chambers, in which the grooves are located, in connection with the low pressure and the high pressure on both sides of the generators each slider blade stand and they are therefore firmly pressed against the inner wall of the rotor.

The invention is set out below on the basis of schematic drawings in addition to several training examples b®-

0 0 9 8 2 9/1112 bad original

wrote:

Fig.1 is a cross section through a fluid motor at one of the two side flanges of the rotor has been removed;

Pig.2 is a section along the line H-TI of PIg.1 and shows the distributor;

Fig. 3 and 4 rise two other positions of the distributor ·

5 shows a modified embodiment of the distributor;

Fig. 6 shows a detail of the rotor

Fig.7 is a partial sectional view of the rotor with a slide consisting of several slide blades, in a sectional view along the line VII-VII from Fig.Ίο;

Fig. 8 shows the characteristic of the device according to the invention;

Fig.9 is a partial sectional view of the engine with a multi-leaf slide according to the line IX-IX of Fig.io;

Fig.io is a side view of the middle slide blade after the pig. 7 and 9.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 there are six Slider 23 is provided and nine recesses 29t where the The rotor is on the outside, it includes two side flanges 1 and 2, which are connected to one another by means of a series of cross pieces (bolts) 37. In the space delimited by the bolts 37 there is an independent ring 38

009829/1112

BACL ORIGINAL

arranged, which has a small cross section and a substantially constant thickness. This ring has an undulating profile, whereby the recesses 29 are formed.

The bolts 37 are smaller with screw compression members 39 Provided slope which against the outer surface of the ring 38 at points between the inner recesses press, that is, against the hollow areas on the outside of the ring. The screw compression members are secured by lock nuts 40 blocked.

By turning the screws, the inner profile of the ring can be changed to minimize play between the To reach the rotor and the stator at the recesses 29.

In addition, a ring-shaped stator 10 is arranged in the ring 38 and movably mounted on an eccentric part of a core 9 which is concentric for the ring 38. This prevents the ring from rotating in relation to the core and clamps the ring between the planes 1 and 2. The core 9 is fastened in a blind opening in a part of the carrier 14 . The ring has seven circular grooves 41a and 41b, 42a and 42b and 43 on its inner surface. The annular grooves 41a and 41b are in connection with lines 18a and 18b in the core 9, which serve as a passage for a pressure fluid , and the annular grooves 42a and 42b are in connection with the lines 19a and 19b, which normally serve as a supply line when the engine is running . The annular groove 43 is connected to a line 19 ' which normally serves as a drain line when the engine is in operation.

All of the drainage lines 26 are connected to the groove 43. In contrast, the inflow lines are divided into two groups 25a and 25b. The first group comprises 25a

009829/1112

four lines which are connected to the groove 42a ₃ while the other two lines 25b are connected to the groove 42b. Similarly, the fluid inflow conduits in recesses 24 are divided into two groups 44a and 44b. The lines of group 44a, which correspond to the gate valves connected to inflow lines 25a, are connected to groove 41a, while the other two lines 44b are connected to groove 41b.

The lines 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b and 19 'can with a High pressure fluid source 45a are connected to the Pressure P_, or with a fluid low-pressure source 46, which is under pressure P_ by means of a distributor 47.

This distributor comprises a housing 48 in which a number of piston valves 49 are movably arranged, which can take four positions in succession. These piston valves allow the following settings:

1. The separation of the line 19a or its connection with a line 50, which is connected to the fluid pressure sources via a throttle valve 51 and a reversing valve 52, or with a ftohr 53, which is connected via a line bA- with the reversing valve 52 or with a throttle valve 55 is connected.

2. The separation of the line 19b or its connection to a line 56 which is connected to the line 50 or to the pipe 53.

3. The separation of the line 19 'or its connection - .with the line 54.

The separation of the line 18a or its connection "with a pipe 57" which is via a check valve

009829/1112

BAD ORlGtNAl.

58 is connected to the line 56, and via a check valve 59 with the line 53, or the connection with a pipe 60, which via a Püekschlag valve 61 is connected to the line 54 and via a check valve 62 to the line 56.

The check valves 58,59 are installed so that fluid flow is enabled when the pressure in the Pipe 57 is at least equal to the pressure in front of the check valves, while the check valves 61 and 62 are so installed that fluid flow is enabled when the pressure in the tube 60 is at least equal the pressure upstream of the check valves.

4. The separation of the line 18b or its connection with the pipe 60 or the pipe 63. The latter can via a three-way valve 64 either with the line or be brought into communication with the tube 57.

A feed circuit 65 is connected to the pipe 57, and via a check valve 66, which is connected in such a way that a fluid flow can take place, if the pressure upstream of the check valve is lower than the pressure in the feed line.

The method of operation of the device is shown on the basis of the following table.

In this table, P _{0 means} the high inflow pressure and

Or

"B the low discharge pressure. Position I of the distributor is shown in Fig. 3" Position II in FIG. 2 and position III in FIG. 4. In position 0, which is not shown, all lines are interrupted "normal The position of the valve 52 is shown in Fig. 2. In the reversed position, the pipe 63 is connected to the line and to the pipe 57.

009828/1112 bad original

It can be seen from the table that when the motor is _{running forwards, the sliders are ineffective (states B and C) 9 in} that the three lines of a slider are connected to the outlet, while when the motor is running backwards, the sliders are disabled (states E and F ) by connecting the two inflow and outflow lines to the high pressure source and the slide bed 24- to the outlet.

In states G and J, the motor is braked and the distributor 47 is in position I. One can also switch on a second or third braking stage by moving the distributor to position II or III becomes »whereby, however, the braking torque is then less large.

The fluid energy converter can also work as a pump. For this case, a table could also be set up which is similar to the table for engine operation, with only the triangles P_ and P _e having to be swapped for lines 44a and 44b.

The curve 78 in FIG. 8 shows the change in the fcotordrehmomenta as a function of the speed of the rotor at the various speeds, It can be seen that the power, that illustrated by curve 79 is constant remain. The curves 80 and 81 show the changes in the pressure and the flow rate. These curves show that for different pressure ranges also different torques at the same pressure and a change the "speed occur with the same fluid flow rate. The fluid energy converter can therefore be of a Spice pump with a three times smaller displacement than the known devices.

It should be mentioned that for all of the above

009829/1112

types of binding in the inactive position of the slide there is no contact with the rotor wall, so that the wear is reduced and the recesses 29 of two chambers are not separated from each other. The pressure P ₀ in the cavity below the slide is then equal to the pressure in the corresponding recess 29. The inactive slide is in equilibrium and does not result in any loss of hydraulic power.

Pig.5 shows a modified embodiment in which the Positions of the check valves 61 and 62 are reversed. The slides are inactive when running backwards by the three lines at a slide are in communication with the high pressure fluid source.

In the embodiment according to Figure 6, the screw pressing devices 39 replaced by eccentrics 67, which are attached to parts 68, which outside as hexagonal screws are designed. As a result, the play between the stator and the ring 38 can easily be adjusted by the eccentric 67 with the aid of an engaging on the very hood part 68 Key can be adjusted.

7, 9 and 10 show a larger representation consisting of three independent slide blades 23a, 23b and 23c. The middle slide leaf 23b has a groove 72a on one of the side surfaces, which is connected to an opening 69a, and on its opposite side surface a groove 72b which communicates with an opening 69b. As in FIG. 10 shows the groove 72a and the opening 69'a provided at one end of the slide blade and the Groove 72b with opening 69'b at the opposite end same *

0 09829/1112 BAD original

31 U / 638600 Distributor

Reverse throttle

Venxils division
AbIaS Oruck in the lines

effective

Functions

direction a XJ Position I. normal open minded normal ^P e P.
~ a ^P a ^P a ^p e Slider σ B. δ '* - Position II normal open minded normal ^p e ^p a ^P e ^P a TD 6th Forward of the
Engine
first chant G Z 7
P. Position III normal open minded normal ^P e τ>
"ε ^P a ^ e ^p a 4th Forward run of the
Engine
second gear_ B. Position I. vice versa open minded normal Cl P.
■ "e ^p e ^P a • ^P e 2 Forward run of the
Engine
third ^ Gane Position II vice versa open minded normal ^P a ^p e ^p a ^p a ^p a 6th Reverse run det
Lotors
first course F. Position III vice versa open minded normal ^P a ^P a ^P e ^P e ^P a 4th Reverse run aei
Engine
second goose Position I vice versa throttled normal ^p a * ^P e ^P e * ^P a ^P _e s? _a ^P a d ^ü 2 Running backwards;
Engine
third goose ι Position I vice versa closed normal d ^ü d ^u d ^u d ° ■ ^P e 6th Reverse run d-? I
I ίο tors
braked I.
' Position I normal or
vice versa open minded around
. returns ^p e ^p e ^P e ^P B ^P a β Reverse de,
Engine ■ Position I normal throttled normal ^p e ^ a 'Ve ^P a ^ e ^P a d ° 0 Freewheel Position I.
I.
I. normal closed normal d ° d ° d ° d ° 6th Forward run of the
Motor braked 6th Forward run of the
Engine
blocked

The opening 69'a is opposite the opening

69c of the right slide leaf 23c, and the opening 69'b opposite the opening 69a of the left slide leaf 23a.

In operation, drive fluid flows into the area of the recess 29 which is under high pressure Chamber 73c between the curved ends of the slide blades 23b and 23c and the rotor 38, this fluid can through the groove 72b and the openings 69'b and 69a escape. the Chamber 73c is therefore at a low pressure and the slide leaves are securely on the inner wall the recess 29 on.

If the lines 25 and 26 are interchanged, i.e. when the rotor rotates in the opposite direction, fluid flows away of the chamber 73a through the openings 69'a and 69c.

Due to this arrangement, the chamber 73c between the slide blade 23b and the slide blade 23c is at the Side of the recess 29 in connection with the inflow line 25 and in connection with the outlet, while the chamber 73a between the slide blades 23b and 23a is in connection with the inflow line. The end of each slide leaf is therefore located between a space of high pressure and a space of low pressure.

009829/1112

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (8)

Claims (1.) Fluid energy converter for converting hydraulic or pneumatic energy into kinetic energy, or vice versa, with an outer and an inner part, being the inner wall of the outer part has at least two recesses in connection with the outer wall of the inner part and the slides held in these can form chambers with variable volumes, and wherein the inner part comprises at least two slides which cooperate with the wall of the recesses, with an inflow line and an outflow line for the fluid, which in each case in the rotor on both sides of the slide are provided, the number of the slide being different from that of the recesses is and the recesses extend over an arc that is smaller than the arc between the mouth of the inflow or outflow line of a gate valve and the closest inflow or outflow line of an adjacent slider, and with a pressure medium connection of the slider seats in the inner part with a pressure medium source for pressing the slide against the inner wall of the outer part, characterized in that the different inflow and outflow lines of the inner component in at least two mutually independent Groups are divided, those with a high pressure fluid source are connected as well as with a fluid low pressure source, namely via a distributor that enables the independent connection of the line groups allows to one of the two fluid pressure sources. 009829/1 1 1 2 2. Fluid energy converter according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the distributor has a switching position in which the inflow lines and the drain pipes of the gate valve at the same time in Connected to the wiuid high pressure source, and that the slide beds (24) are continuously connected to the high pressure fluid source stay in contact. 3. fluid energy converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Slide beds (24) divided into at least two groups are in the same way as the inflow and / or outflow pipes and that these groups are connected to one High-pressure fluid source and a low-pressure fluid source Are connected via a manifold which is designed so that the groups of slide beds can be independently brought into connection with one of the two fluid pressure sources. 4. Fluid ^ energy converter according to claim 1 to 3 »characterized in that the Manifold has a drain valve for connecting all slide beds to the pluid spring pressure source. 5. Fluid ^ nergiewandler according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the Manifold is coupled with a reversing valve to swap the connections to the high pressure and fluid Low pressure fluid source. 6. Fluid TTnergiewandler according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the Manifold is coupled to a throttle valve for the benefit of low pressure fluid flow. 0 0 9-829 / 1112 7. fluid energy converter according to claim 1 "to 6» characterized in that the The rotor is arranged on the outside and has two side flanges, which are connected by means of cross pieces (bolts) (37) are connected to each other, as well as a ring (38) arranged in the interior space delimited by the bolts of small cross-section and constant thickness, and that a clamping device (39> 40), which is attached to the outer The outer surface of the ring engages between the recesses (29), is provided. 8. fluid ^ nergiewandler according to claim 1 to 1, consisting of three slide blades, characterized in that the middle slide blade has a groove on both sides
Comprising (72a, 75b) by crossing with the slide plate opening (69'a, 69 ^r b) is connected, wherein the two grooves (72a, 75b) lie in different planes "and that the outer sliders sheets (23a, 23c ) have an opening which is located opposite the opening of the middle slide leaf. 009829/1112 BATH ORIGINAL