DE19649146A1 - Solar-powered salt water desalination boiler heated by parabolic mirror - Google Patents
Solar-powered salt water desalination boiler heated by parabolic mirrorInfo
- Publication number
- DE19649146A1 DE19649146A1 DE19649146A DE19649146A DE19649146A1 DE 19649146 A1 DE19649146 A1 DE 19649146A1 DE 19649146 A DE19649146 A DE 19649146A DE 19649146 A DE19649146 A DE 19649146A DE 19649146 A1 DE19649146 A1 DE 19649146A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- lid
- boiler according
- walled
- kettle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
Description
Die bisherige Meerwasserentsalzung erfolgt:
The previous seawater desalination takes place:
-
1. in Anlagen in denen mittels der Verbrennung fossiler Rohstoffe das Wasser verdampft
wird.
Dieses Prinzip hat den größten Nachteil in den hohen Betriebskosten für die Energiebereitstellung.1. in plants in which the water is evaporated by burning fossil fuels.
This principle has the biggest disadvantage in the high operating costs for energy supply. - 2. durch Osmose. Hierbei wird Meerwasser unter hohem Druck durch Filteranlagen gedrückt. Auf der Gegenseite fließt das Salzwasser unter weniger starkem Druck. Das Salz verlagert sich nun von der Hochdruck- zur Niederdruckseite. Übrig bleibt salzfreies, oder -armes Wasser.2. by osmosis. Here, sea water is subjected to high pressure through filter systems pressed. On the other hand, the salt water flows under less pressure. The Salt is now shifting from the high pressure to the low pressure side. The rest remains salt-free or low-water.
-
3. durch Verdampfen von in Sonnenkollektoren vorgeheiztem Wasser in Kühltürmen,
oder in flachen, mit Glas überdachten Becken. Vorteile dieser beiden Modelle sind
einfache Bauweise und geringe Betriebskosten.
Nachteil ist die relativ geringe Frischwasserausbeute.3. by evaporating water preheated in solar collectors in cooling towers, or in shallow, glass-covered pools. The advantages of these two models are simple construction and low operating costs.
The disadvantage is the relatively low fresh water yield.
Der im Patentanspruch 1 genannten Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde eine Anlage zu entwickeln die Trink- bzw. Brauchwasser liefert, und ausschließlich mit regenerativen Energien betrieben werden kann. Diese soll unter größtmöglicher Nutzung der Sonnenenergie das Salzwasser in einem kontinuierlichem Prozeß verdampfen und kondensieren lassen. The invention mentioned in claim 1 is based on the problem of a system to develop the drinking or industrial water supplies, and only with regenerative Energies can be operated. This should take the greatest possible use of the Solar energy evaporate the salt water in a continuous process and let it condense.
Dieses Problem wird durch folgende Merkmale gelöst.The following features solve this problem.
- - Eingeben von vorgeheiztem Salzwasser (1) in einen großflächigen, flachen und geschlossenen Metallbehälter (Kessel).- Enter preheated salt water ( 1 ) in a large, flat and closed metal container (boiler).
- - Heizen dieses Kessels mittels Parabolspiegel oder Sonnenreflektor, damit das Wasser verdampft.- Heating this boiler using parabolic mirrors or sun reflectors to keep the water evaporates.
- - beschleunigte Kondensation des Dampfes an der Kesseldecke. Diese ist doppelwandig und gekühlt.- Accelerated condensation of the steam on the boiler ceiling. This is double-walled and chilled.
- - Auffangen und Ableiten des Kondensats (2) durch eine Rinne.- Collecting and draining the condensate ( 2 ) through a gutter.
- - Abziehen der Salzlauge (3) vor der Sättigungsgrenze, damit sich keine Salzkristalle im Kessel bilden und ablagern.- Remove the brine ( 3 ) before the saturation limit, so that no salt crystals form and accumulate in the boiler.
- - automatische Kontrolle und Steuerung aller drei Medienströme in Abhängigkeit voneinander.- Automatic control and control of all three media flows depending on from each other.
- - Verdampfen des konzentrierten Restsalzwassers in offenen Salinebecken zur Salzgewinnung- Evaporation of the concentrated residual salt water in open salt pans Salt extraction
Die wesentlichen Vorteile dieser Erfindung sind:The main advantages of this invention are:
- - einfache Bauweise mit wenig Komponenten- simple design with few components
- - Kesselgröße und Anzahl der Kessel sowie deren Komponenten können nach Bedarf sehr flexibel gefertigt bzw. zusammengestellt werden- Boiler size and number of boilers and their components can be as required can be manufactured or assembled very flexibly
- - wirtschaftliche Fertigung auch für den Kleinstbedarf möglich.- Economic production possible even for the smallest of needs.
- - effektive Ausnutzung der Sonnenenergie durch variable Größe der Parabolspiegel bzw. der Reflektoren je nach Standort.(heiße Region - kleiner Spiegel; "kühle" Region - großer Spiegel)- Effective use of solar energy through variable size of the parabolic mirror or the reflectors depending on the location. (hot region - small mirror; "cool" region - large mirror)
- - Die gesamte Anlage kann ausschließlich mit regenerativen Energien betrieben werden. Abfallprodukt dieser Anlage ist Meersalz. Vorausgesetzt das Restsalzkonzentrat wird in der Saline getrocknet und nicht als Flüssigkeit dem Meer wieder zugeführt (was gleichzeitig ein Übersalzen der Küsten an den Standorten verhindert).- The entire system can only be operated with renewable energies. This plant's waste product is sea salt. Provided the residual salt concentrate is in the saline dried and not returned to the sea as a liquid (which at the same time prevents salting of the coasts at the locations).
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist im Patentanspruch 2 angegeben.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 2.
Hierbei handelt es sich wie bei Patentanspruch 1 um einen geschlossenen Kessel mit doppelwandigem gekühltem Deckel. Jedoch ist die konstruktive Gestaltung wesentlich stabiler und hält auch einem hohen Vakuum stand.As in claim 1, this is a closed boiler with double-walled cooled lid. However, the constructive design is essential more stable and also withstands a high vacuum.
Dieses Vakuum kann
This vacuum can
- - mittels Vakuumpumpe (wie in Fig. 2 beschrieben)by means of a vacuum pump (as described in FIG. 2)
- - oder mechanisch (wie in Fig 3 beschrieben) erzeugt werden.- Or generated mechanically (as described in Fig. 3 ).
Vorteil dieser Varianten sind weiter reduzierte Siedepunkte des Salzwassers und ein kontinuierlicher Betrieb rund um die Uhr. Hierbei ist es wichtig, daß ein ausreichend dimensionierter, gut isolierter Lagertank zwischen Sonnenkollektor und Vakuumkessel eingesetzt wird, damit der notwendige Nachtbedarf schon am Tag bereitgestellt werden kann.The advantage of these variants are further reduced boiling points of the salt water and a continuous operation around the clock. Here it is important that a sufficient dimensioned, well insulated storage tank between the solar collector and the vacuum boiler is used so that the necessary night requirements are already provided during the day can.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist der wirtschaftliche Einsatz dieser Vakuumkessel in Regionen mit häufiger Bewölkung. Da die eigentliche Aufheizung des Wassers im Sonnenkollektor erfolgt, ist der Einsatz von Parabolspiegeln oder Reflektoren hier nicht erforderlich. Diese könnten aber zur Beschleunigung des Prozesses mit herangezogen werden. Bekanntermaßen bringen Sonnenkollektoren heutzutage auch bei diffusen Lichtverhältnissen Heißwassertemperaturen, die weit über dem Siedepunkt der im Vakuumkessel benötigten liegen.Another advantage is the economical use of these vacuum boilers in regions frequent cloud cover. Because the actual heating of the water in the solar panel the use of parabolic mirrors or reflectors is not necessary here. However, these could also be used to accelerate the process. As is well known, solar panels nowadays also bring in diffuse Light conditions hot water temperatures that are well above the boiling point of the in Vacuum boilers are required.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist auf den nächsten Seiten skizziert und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is outlined on the following pages and will described in more detail below.
Fig. 1 zeigt den drucklosen Dampfkessel (3). Das Meerwasser fließt durch den Sonnenkollektor (1) und heizt sich auf. Von dort gelangt es in den isolierten Lagertank (2). Auf Abruf wird es nun dem Kessel (3) zugeführt (4) und durch den unterhalb montierten Parabolspiegel oder Reflektor (5) weiter aufgeheizt. Die dafür notwendige Energie wird durch Bündeln der Sonnenstrahlen erzielt. Das Wasser verdampft im Kesselraum (6), kondensiert an der schrägen (oder gewölbten) Decke und läuft an den Seiten hinunter in die Kondensatsammelrinne (7). Von dort kann es abfließen und je nach Verwendungszweck als Trink- oder Brauchwasser aufbereitet werden. Die Restsalzlauge wird durch den Bodenablauf (8) kontrolliert abgezogen. Um den Kondensatprozeß an der Kesseldecke zu beschleunigen und zu kontrollieren, ist der Deckel doppelwandig (9) und wird mit einem Kühlmedium (10) durchspült. Fig. 1 shows the unpressurized steam boiler ( 3 ). The sea water flows through the solar collector ( 1 ) and heats up. From there it gets into the insulated storage tank ( 2 ). On request, it is then fed to the boiler ( 3 ) ( 4 ) and further heated by the parabolic mirror or reflector ( 5 ) mounted below. The energy required for this is achieved by bundling the sun's rays. The water evaporates in the boiler room ( 6 ), condenses on the sloping (or vaulted) ceiling and runs down the sides into the condensate collection channel ( 7 ). From there it can flow off and be treated as drinking or process water depending on the intended use. The residual brine is drawn off through the floor drain ( 8 ) in a controlled manner. In order to accelerate and control the condensate process on the boiler ceiling, the cover is double-walled ( 9 ) and is flushed with a cooling medium ( 10 ).
Fig. 2 zeigt prinzipiell den baugleichen Kessel wie Fig. 1. Dazu kommt ein vakuumstabiler Zwischensammeltank Pos (11). Über den Stutzen Pos (12) wird das notwendige Vakuum für den Zwischensammler und den Kessel erzeugt. Pos (13) zeigt die Luftzirkulationsleitung. Fig. 2 shows in principle the identical boiler as Fig. 1. In addition, there is a vacuum-stable intermediate collection tank Pos ( 11 ). The necessary vacuum for the intermediate collector and the boiler is generated via the nozzle Pos ( 12 ). Pos ( 13 ) shows the air circulation line.
Die Medienströme (Wasserzulauf,Kondensatablauf; Salzkonzentratablauf) werden über eine Steuerung so im Gleichgewicht gehalten, das ein ständiges Vakuum vorhanden ist. Je nach Vakuum kann hier schon auf eine Zusatzbeheizung durch einen Parabolspiegel oder Reflektor verzichtet werden. Ein Dauerbetrieb rund um die Uhr wäre dann möglich. The media flows (water inlet, condensate outlet, salt concentrate outlet) are via a control so balanced that a constant vacuum is available. Depending on the vacuum, additional heating can be used here a parabolic mirror or reflector can be dispensed with. A continuous operation around the clock would then be possible.
Fig. 3 zeigt den mechanisch betriebenen Vakuumkessel (1). Er hat den prinzipiellen Grundaufbau eines Kompensators und arbeitet im Prinzip wie ein Blasebalg. Fig. 3 shows the mechanically operated vacuum boiler ( 1 ). It has the basic structure of a compensator and works in principle like a bellows.
Start: Der Kessel steht in zusammengedrückter Pos. (2). Vorgeheiztes Salzwasser wird durch den Bodeneinlaß zugeführt (3). Der Kessel, der am oberen Umfang fixiert ist, wird mechanisch abwärts gezogen (4). Durch das steigende Vakuum und dem damit verbundenem Absinken des Siedepunktes verdampft das Wasser. Das Kondensat fließt über die Sammelrinne (5) in den ebenfalls vakuumstabilen Zwischensammler (6). Pos. (7) zeigt die Luftzirkulationsleitung.Start: The boiler is in the compressed position ( 2 ). Pre-heated salt water is supplied through the bottom inlet ( 3 ). The boiler, which is fixed on the upper circumference, is mechanically pulled down ( 4 ). The water evaporates due to the increasing vacuum and the associated lowering of the boiling point. The condensate flows via the collecting trough ( 5 ) into the intermediate collector ( 6 ), which is also vacuum-stable. Pos. ( 7 ) shows the air circulation line.
Nach einem fixiertem Zeitraum wird der Vorgang beendet, und der Kessel wird entspannt.After a fixed period of time, the process is terminated and the boiler is closed relaxed.
Die verbliebene Salzlauge wird abgezogen (8). Das Kondensat wird zur Aufarbeitung weitergeleitet (9). Der Kessel, der wieder in Pos (2) steht, wird gefüllt und der Prozeß kann von neuem beginnen. Pos (10) zeigt den Kühlwasserraum.The remaining brine is drawn off ( 8 ). The condensate is passed on for processing ( 9 ). The boiler, which is again in position ( 2 ), is filled and the process can start again. Pos ( 10 ) shows the cooling water room.
Zur Optimierung kann auch hier eine Vakuumpumpe (11) an den Zwischensammler (7) angeschlossen werden.A vacuum pump ( 11 ) can also be connected to the intermediate collector ( 7 ) for optimization.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19649146A DE19649146A1 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Solar-powered salt water desalination boiler heated by parabolic mirror |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19649146A DE19649146A1 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Solar-powered salt water desalination boiler heated by parabolic mirror |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE19649146A1 true DE19649146A1 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
Family
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DE19649146A Withdrawn DE19649146A1 (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Solar-powered salt water desalination boiler heated by parabolic mirror |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19835464A1 (en) * | 1998-08-08 | 2000-02-10 | Hakim Peter M | Drinking water filtration and desalination plant operated by absorption and sea water to cool condenser |
DE10304410A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-12 | Windschiegl, Stefan | Drinking water treatment plant evaporates impure or brackish water using a variety of heat energy sources for collection in supply basin |
FR2909992A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-20 | Amor Moktar Ben | Device for desalination of water by distillation, comprises an optical energy source with non-photovoltaic solar panels having a microscopic lens, a cavity or a borewell for recuperating the water, and an evaporator |
DE202011109035U1 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-03-14 | Hannes Fehring | Apparatus for recovering the water emerging from cooling towers in the form of steam |
CN103112911A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-22 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | Multi-stage tubular seawater desalting device with preheating function |
WO2015083154A3 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-11-05 | Sergei Avadyaev | Desalination plant |
CN106330093A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-11 | 广东工业大学 | Photovoltaic-thermal integrated power generation system |
US20210187409A1 (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2021-06-24 | Epiphany Solar Water Systems | Solar Powered Water Purification System |
US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4235680A (en) * | 1978-01-12 | 1980-11-25 | Diggs Richard E | Method for desalinating water by preheating and distillation with solar energy |
US4504362A (en) * | 1982-09-13 | 1985-03-12 | Kruse Clifford L | Solar desalination system and method |
US4664751A (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1987-05-12 | Nautical Services Pty. Ltd. | De-salinator for brackish salt water |
DE4107099C2 (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1995-07-13 | Canstein Carl Magnus Von | Device for desalination by solar energy |
-
1996
- 1996-11-27 DE DE19649146A patent/DE19649146A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4235680A (en) * | 1978-01-12 | 1980-11-25 | Diggs Richard E | Method for desalinating water by preheating and distillation with solar energy |
US4664751A (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1987-05-12 | Nautical Services Pty. Ltd. | De-salinator for brackish salt water |
US4504362A (en) * | 1982-09-13 | 1985-03-12 | Kruse Clifford L | Solar desalination system and method |
DE4107099C2 (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1995-07-13 | Canstein Carl Magnus Von | Device for desalination by solar energy |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
62-21389a A.,C-480,March 9,1988, Vol. 12, No. 75 * |
Jp Patents Abstracts of Japan: 58-156391 A.,C-199,Dec. 9,1983, Vol. 7, No. 277 * |
Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen der Meerwasserentsalzung. In: Chemiker-Zeitung, 102. Jg., 1978, Nr. 7/8, S.256-258 * |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19835464A1 (en) * | 1998-08-08 | 2000-02-10 | Hakim Peter M | Drinking water filtration and desalination plant operated by absorption and sea water to cool condenser |
DE10304410A1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-12 | Windschiegl, Stefan | Drinking water treatment plant evaporates impure or brackish water using a variety of heat energy sources for collection in supply basin |
FR2909992A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-20 | Amor Moktar Ben | Device for desalination of water by distillation, comprises an optical energy source with non-photovoltaic solar panels having a microscopic lens, a cavity or a borewell for recuperating the water, and an evaporator |
US20210187409A1 (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2021-06-24 | Epiphany Solar Water Systems | Solar Powered Water Purification System |
DE202011109035U1 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-03-14 | Hannes Fehring | Apparatus for recovering the water emerging from cooling towers in the form of steam |
CN103112911A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-22 | 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 | Multi-stage tubular seawater desalting device with preheating function |
WO2015083154A3 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-11-05 | Sergei Avadyaev | Desalination plant |
CN106330093A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-11 | 广东工业大学 | Photovoltaic-thermal integrated power generation system |
US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
US11563229B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-01-24 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
US11611099B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-03-21 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
US11699803B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-07-11 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
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