DE19647358A1 - Deep sea water reverse osmosis desalination plant has outer membrane - Google Patents
Deep sea water reverse osmosis desalination plant has outer membraneInfo
- Publication number
- DE19647358A1 DE19647358A1 DE19647358A DE19647358A DE19647358A1 DE 19647358 A1 DE19647358 A1 DE 19647358A1 DE 19647358 A DE19647358 A DE 19647358A DE 19647358 A DE19647358 A DE 19647358A DE 19647358 A1 DE19647358 A1 DE 19647358A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sea water
- reverse osmosis
- desalination plant
- principle
- deep sea
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/141—Wind power
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Wasserentsalzung mit Umkehrosmose ist seit den 60er Jahren dieses Jahrhunderts bekannt. Die größten Umkehrosmoseanlagen zur Meerwasserentsalzung stehen in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika und Saudi Arabien. Die Insel Malta stellt z. B. 85 000 m3/d Permeat her. Der Energieverbrauch bei der Meerwasserentsalzung beträgt, ohne Energierückgewinnung, ca. 12 KWh/M3. Die eingesetzten Membranen stellen ca. 30% Permeat aus dem zugeführten Meerwasser her. 70% sind Abfall und werden mit dem Betriebsdruck von 60 bar ins Meer als angereicherte Sole zurück geleitet. Bei großen Anlagen können mit Energierückgewinnungsturbinen ca. 50% aus der Abfallenergie zurückgewonnen werden. Der Energieverbrauch beträgt dann immer noch 7,8 KWh/M3 Permeat. Die eingesetzten Hochdruckpumpen müssen einen Wasserdruck von 60 bis 70 bar erzeugen. Pumpen und Leitungen sind außer dem hohen Wasserdruck auch noch den Korrosionen von Meerwasser ausgesetzt. Die Membrane selbst besteht aus Cellulose-Acetat, das von Abstandshaltern aus Meerwasserbeständigen Kunststoffen umgeben ist.Water desalination with reverse osmosis has been known since the 1960s. The largest reverse osmosis plants for desalination are in the United States States of America and Saudi Arabia. The island of Malta z. B. 85,000 m3 / d Permeate. The energy consumption in desalination is, without energy recovery, approx. 12 KWh / M3. The membranes used make up about 30% permeate from the supplied sea water. 70% are waste and become with the operating pressure returned to the sea from 60 bar as enriched brine. For large systems can recover approx. 50% of the waste energy with energy recovery turbines will. The energy consumption is still 7.8 KWh / M3 permeate. The High pressure pumps used must generate a water pressure of 60 to 70 bar. In addition to the high water pressure, pumps and pipes are also corrosive exposed to sea water. The membrane itself consists of cellulose acetate Spacers made of seawater-resistant plastics is surrounded.
Weitere Einzelheiten zum Stand der Technik können aus meinem Bericht "UMKEHROSMOSE" entnommen werden, der von mir nach dem letzten Weltkongress der Wasserentsalzung 1995 in Abu Dhabi überarbeitet wurde. Further details on the state of the art can be found in my report "REVERSE OSMOSIS" can be taken from me after the last world congress the water desalination in 1995 in Abu Dhabi was revised.
Das Hauptproblem der Meerwasserentsalzung ist, daß die bisherigen Methoden zu teuer sind und nur von reichen Ländern bezahlbar sind. Die Energieform, die eingesetzt wird, ist nur reichen Ländern zugänglich. Hinzu kommt, daß Materialien ständig Meerwasser ausgesetzt sind. Die Destillations-Methoden können mit Abfallenergie aus Kraftwerken arbeiten. Umkehrosmoseeinheiten arbeiten vorzugsweise mit elektrischem Strom, der fast ausschließlich zum Pumpen benötigt wird.The main problem with desalination is that previous methods are too expensive are and are only affordable by rich countries. The form of energy that is used is only accessible to rich countries. In addition, materials are constantly sea water are exposed. The distillation methods can use waste energy from power plants work. Reverse osmosis units preferably work with electrical current that is almost is only required for pumping.
Die wesentlichsten Problemstellungen werden durch die in den Patentansprüchen 1 bis 11 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst.The most important problems are solved by the in claims 1 to 11 listed features solved.
Die Entsalzungsanlage für Tiefseewasser arbeitet nach dem Prinzip der Umkehrosmose. Das Gehäuse der Anlage gleicht einer Taucherglocke, die im Meer versenkt wird. In der Taucherglocke wird die Luftatmosphäre über Schläuche aufrecht erhalten, daß der Innendruck dem der Atmosphäre gleicht. Die Außenwand ist der Umgebung des Meeres ausgesetzt und mit Osmosemembranen bestückt. Die Permeatseite der Membranen steht mit dem Innenraum so in Verbindung, daß Permeat nach innen fließt, sobald die Tauchtiefe dem Osmosedruck entspricht.The desalination plant for deep sea water works on the principle of reverse osmosis. The housing of the system resembles a diving bell that is submerged in the sea. In the Diving bell maintains the air atmosphere through hoses that internal pressure resembles the atmosphere. The outer wall is exposed to the environment of the sea and equipped with osmosis membranes. The permeate side of the membranes coexists the interior in such a way that permeate flows inwards as soon as the depth corresponds to the osmosis pressure.
Die Anlage besteht innen nur aus einer Pump-Station, die Reinwasser an die Meeresoberfläche bzw. an den Strand pumpt. Zur Systemerweiterung wird die Pumpstation mit Beinen versehen die Außen ebenfalls mit UO-Modulen versehen sind. Die HAP-Pumpkaskade des Erfinders: "Anmelde-Nr. P 43 28 827.3 - Walter Gräf" kann als Hochdruck- Pumpe genutzt werden. Somit läßt sich Windenergie nutzen ohne elektrischen Strom zu erzeugen, um nach der Umwandlung in Hydraulikenergie das Permeat nach oben fördern.The inside of the plant consists only of a pumping station, the pure water to the sea surface or pumps to the beach. To expand the system, the pump station is also included Legs on the outside are also provided with UO modules. The HAP pump cascade of the inventor: "Application No. P 43 28 827.3 - Walter Gräf" can be Pump can be used. This means that wind energy can be used without electricity generate to promote the permeate after conversion into hydraulic energy.
Bei dieser Erfindung wird das natürliche Druckgefälle in der Wassertiefe ausgenutzt. Gepumpt wird also nur das Permeat, bei dem es sich um Reinstwasser handelt. Bei dem Einsatz von HAP-Kaskaden kann mit behandeltem Wasser das Reinstwasser gemischt und erst dann gefördert werden. Im Inneren der Anlage ist kein Luft-Austausch nötig, wodurch auch keine Oxydationen eintreten die Korrosionen hervorrufen. In this invention, the natural pressure drop in the water depth is used. Pumped is only the permeate, which is ultrapure water. When using HAP cascades can be mixed with treated water and the ultrapure water only then be promoted. No air exchange is necessary inside the system, so there are also no oxidations that cause corrosion.
Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß Meerwasser in der Tiefe meist sauber ist. Es wird nur ein Bruchteil von dem vorbeifließenden Wasser entnommen. Die Aufkonzentration ist nicht so hoch als bei der bisherigen Methode. Das Meerwasser wird nicht chemisch behandelt und muß hinterher nicht entgiftet werden.Another advantage is that deep sea water is mostly clean. It will only a fraction of the water flowing past is removed. The concentration is not as high as with the previous method. The sea water is not treated chemically and does not have to be detoxified afterwards.
Die Arbeitsweise der Anlage ist aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich. Die Pumpstation 1 ist zum beschweren teilweise mit Beton oder anderen Ballaststoffen 2 gefüllt. Der Pumpenraum 3 hat über ein Rohr direkten Zugang 4 zur Atmosphäre. Ein weiterer Anschluß bringt Druckwasser 5 nach unten, das zur Betätigung der Pumpkaskade 6 benötigt wird. Das Druckwasser vermischt sich nach dem Druckaufbau mit dem Permeat und wird nach oben gefördert.The operation of the system can be seen in Fig. 1. The pumping station 1 is partially filled with concrete or other fiber 2 for complaining. The pump chamber 3 has direct access 4 to the atmosphere via a pipe. Another connection brings pressure water 5 down, which is required to actuate the pump cascade 6 . After the pressure builds up, the pressurized water mixes with the permeate and is conveyed upwards.
Nach dem Gesetz der kommunizierenden Röhren wird nur zum Fördern des Permeates Energie benötigt. Die als Umkehr Osmose Modul fungierenden Beine 7 sind mit dem Pumpenraum 1 durch Rohre 8 Gestänge 9 verbunden. Das langsam fließende Meerwasser trifft direkt auf die UO-Membran 10 die in "Z" Lagen um ein Gewinderohr 11 gewickelt ist. Die äußeren Abstandshalter 12 wirken als Vorfilter. Die inneren Abstandshalter 13 sind ebenfalls wasserdurchlässig und leiten das Permeat in die Gewinderillen 14 aus denen es über Bohrungen 15 ins innere des Rohres 7 geleitet wird. Das Rohr ist mit dem Pumpraum in Verbindung und hat den gleichen atmosphärischen Druck.According to the law of communicating tubes, energy is only required to convey the permeate. The legs 7 acting as a reverse osmosis module are connected to the pump chamber 1 by pipes 8 rods 9 . The slowly flowing sea water hits the UO membrane 10, which is wound in "Z" layers around a threaded pipe 11 . The outer spacers 12 act as prefilters. The inner spacers 13 are also permeable to water and guide the permeate into the threaded grooves 14 from which it is passed through bores 15 into the interior of the tube 7 . The pipe is connected to the pump chamber and has the same atmospheric pressure.
Das membrane Element ist ebenfalls neu in seiner Art. Es wird durch eine gesonderte
Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung geschützt.
Wesentliche Vorteile gegenüber dem Stand der Technik:
* Zur Permeatherstellung wird kein Druckwasser erstellt.
* Nur Permeat wird gepumpt.
* Für Pumpen und Leitungen ist der Werkstoff in Wasserwerksqualität.
* Das nicht verunreinigte Meerwasser wird nicht gepumpt.
* Meerwasser wird weder zu- noch abgeführt.
* Der Energieaufwand wird auf Faktor 0,1 bis 0,25 herabgesetzt.
* Einsatz von alternativer Energie ist möglich da geringer Verbrauch.
* Keine Vorbehandlung des Meerwassers.
* Unbelastetes Konzentrat bedarf keiner Nachbehandlung.
* Anlage läuft vollautomatisch.
* Soleaufkonzentration geringer als 0,1%. The membrane element is also new in its kind. It is protected by a separate utility model application. Significant advantages over the state of the art:
* No pressurized water is created to create permethers.
* Only permeate is pumped.
* For pumps and pipes, the material is of waterworks quality.
* The unpolluted sea water is not pumped.
* Sea water is neither added nor removed.
* The energy consumption is reduced to a factor of 0.1 to 0.25.
* Use of alternative energy is possible because of the low consumption.
* No pre-treatment of the sea water.
* Unloaded concentrate does not require post-treatment.
* System runs fully automatically.
* Brine concentration less than 0.1%.
Der Erfinder ist selbst seit 15 Jahren mit Konstruktionen in der Wasserentsalzung beschäftigt.
Patentanmeldungen insbesondere für die Alternativ-Energie sind aus diesen
Jahren vorhanden. Vorträge wurden zu diesem Thema auf folgenden Entsalzungs- und
Solar-Kongressen gehalten:
Zahlreiche eigene Veröffentlichungen sind in den Fachzeitschriften erschienen.The inventor himself has been involved in water desalination constructions for 15 years. Patent applications in particular for alternative energy are available from these years. Lectures on this topic were held at the following desalination and solar congresses:
Numerous own publications have appeared in the specialist journals.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19647358A DE19647358A1 (en) | 1996-11-16 | 1996-11-16 | Deep sea water reverse osmosis desalination plant has outer membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19647358A DE19647358A1 (en) | 1996-11-16 | 1996-11-16 | Deep sea water reverse osmosis desalination plant has outer membrane |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19647358A1 true DE19647358A1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
Family
ID=7811821
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19647358A Withdrawn DE19647358A1 (en) | 1996-11-16 | 1996-11-16 | Deep sea water reverse osmosis desalination plant has outer membrane |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE19647358A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999006323A1 (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 1999-02-11 | Francesco Maria Piccari | Method and plant for desalting seawater exploiting hydrostatic pressure |
WO2000041971A1 (en) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-20 | Zhilong Gu | Deep sea water desalination method and system |
DE102007019347B3 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-08-21 | Melin, Thomas, Prof.Dr.-Ing. | Process for the desalination of seawater |
CN105217735A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-06 | 杜善骥 | Submersible type concentrated seawater self refresh reverse osmosis desalination device |
DE102015219217A1 (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-06 | Wilhelm M. Stirn | Apparatus and method for purifying seawater |
NO20180328A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-09 | Tor M Stolpestad | A Method and System for producing Freshwater using a Reverse Osmosis Membrane System |
-
1996
- 1996-11-16 DE DE19647358A patent/DE19647358A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999006323A1 (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 1999-02-11 | Francesco Maria Piccari | Method and plant for desalting seawater exploiting hydrostatic pressure |
WO2000041971A1 (en) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-20 | Zhilong Gu | Deep sea water desalination method and system |
DE102007019347B3 (en) * | 2007-04-23 | 2008-08-21 | Melin, Thomas, Prof.Dr.-Ing. | Process for the desalination of seawater |
DE102015219217A1 (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-06 | Wilhelm M. Stirn | Apparatus and method for purifying seawater |
CN105217735A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-06 | 杜善骥 | Submersible type concentrated seawater self refresh reverse osmosis desalination device |
NO20180328A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-09 | Tor M Stolpestad | A Method and System for producing Freshwater using a Reverse Osmosis Membrane System |
NO345076B1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-09-21 | Tor M Stolpestad | A Method and System for producing Freshwater using a Reverse Osmosis Membrane System |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ON | Later submitted papers | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |