DE19548616A1 - Welding profiles to sheet substrate esp. in shipbuilding - Google Patents

Abstract

Profile parts (20) to be welded to a sheet substrate are held in a vertical position by a magnetic device (11, 13) over their whole length and brought into a position over the sheet. The sheet is then raised to contact the profiles before sets of welding heads produce stitch welds. The fixing means are then removed before a new continuous weld seam is produced over the first stitch welds.

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for Placing and welding profiles on sheet metal or Pa no.

In shipbuilding are used to manufacture stiffened sheet metal or of flat panel welding portals used that have a profile transport to the place of touchdown or one to be touched down Get profile fed and this to the sheet metal plate or Press on the panel to minimize air gaps due to tolerances, by either fixing the profile to the portal and the sheet metal plate is drawn to the profile or the profile on the sheet plate is pressed. Then the profile and the Sheet metal plate by a manually or automatically performed Tack welded together.

Such devices are available in various designs knows. A device is described in DD-WP 73 463, the devices that can be moved on rails in the direction of flow bridge exists. The device bridge is formed from two in parallel running bridge girders, in the middle of which is another girder, which is displaceable in the direction of its longitudinal axis is. At the bottom of this carrier are a number of gripping and Pressure elements arranged with which the profile from a pre Council palette removed and on the sheet metal plate at a previously marked point is pressed.

A trolley is movably mounted on the bridge girder the underside of which is articulated by magnetic or vacuum lifting elements are on both sides of the pressed profile and partially the Pull the sheet metal plate onto the profile. This ensures that the sum of the tension and pressure occurring in the device bridge Forces to tighten the plating or to press the bottom edge of the profile against the plating is zero and the Device bridge is loaded at its maximum by its own weight.

The disadvantage of this device is that during the entire  Welding or stapling the pressure elements are loaded. In addition, tack welding is only carried out manually. Since the Welding technology is not arranged on the device, a separate welding technology can be used. For putting on of profiles on the sheet metal plate is outside the vertical this device is not suitable. The design of the device requires a relatively high level of construction.

DE 27 49 187 describes a device for feeding, position kidneys and messages from profiles for tack welding the Profiles described on panels. This device consists of a horizontally movable, portal-like lifting device with which the profiles by gripping magnets from a ready transported to the welding point on the sheet metal plate will. This is parallel to that between the stands of the portal arranged portal beams a yoke provided. This yoke is vertically movable between the stands and in the longitudinal direction adjustable. Furthermore, the yoke can by means of a ball joint-like connection rotated about a horizontal axis will. This means that profiles can also be slanted onto the sheet metal plate be put on. At the bottom of the yoke are several holding magnets that hold the profile to be welded on Hold on to the sheet metal plate. Foldable profile supports are said to Power failure for the holding magnets the profile against tilting si chern.

A welding frame is also provided on the yoke, on which Lifting magnets arranged to partially lift the sheet metal plate are. In addition, the welding frame has a hydraulic openable, vertically movable pressure roller. These The pressure roller serves the profile partially against that of the Push the lifting magnet down and lift the sheet metal plate to avoid a possible air gap. To avoid of an air gap is thus the profile in the direction pressed the plate and the plate towards the Profiles raised.

With this device it is achieved that all for the Tack welding required compressive forces added in the welding frame become,  so the reaction forces are essentially on the relatively small area of the welding frame can be limited. This allows a relatively light construction of Realize welding portal and foundation.

The disadvantage, however, is that the angular alignment of the profiles is very difficult because only in the immediate area of the dist Visible tack weld the required baling pressure existing that is. In the remaining length range, the profiles are only through the holding magnets are held in the lower web area. Therefore is a constant alignment with manual means at the stitching point inevitable. This alignment is now he sword that the pressure roller by the pressurized Hydraulic cylinder is loaded. This step is repeated at each stitching point and thus leads to a significant one Time expenditure.

Prevent the profile from being partially pressed onto the sheet metal plate does not result in a vertical deflection of the profile over the whole te profile length. On the contrary, the vertical dodge will promoted by this point fixation. After finishing This deformation can only be achieved by increasing the stapling process Alignment effort can be compensated.

By separating the portal beam and yoke, the effort is Moving, rotating and very complicated for the vertical stroke and expensive.

Another disadvantage is the Pro version see rotation. Due to a deflection of the hydrauli 's cylinder in the event of rotation and axial displacement of the Profile for fine adjustment of the profile compared to the metal plate te is not a proportionality between the angle of rotation and the cylinder deflection present, d. H. there must be a manual readjustment be made.

An associated welding device is from the description not visible. The tack welding was carried out on the systems Manual execution.  

Then the stiffened in known flow roads Sheet metal plate or the stiffened panel for the fillet weld system clocked, which the profiles and the sheet metal plate with a load-bearing (interrupted or continuous) weld seam ver binds. As a fillet welding system, there are fixed welding pores tals, which are arranged transversely to the flow direction, are provided, with welding equipment for double-sided fillet welding are equipped.

The above devices are disadvantageous in common that the use of very long profiles, e.g. B. <20 m, this Vorrich lines in flow roads reach their capacity limits because the Workplace "put on profile, staple and weld" the Capacity of an entire production line determined.

The state of the art separation of Profilauf and tack welding and subsequent fillet welding brings in addition to a high investment, a number of Problems with themselves. With profiling and tack welding are only the prerequisites for the following manufacturing the construction weld. The stitching must on the one hand so close that even after removal the fixing device the profile at the prescribed angle the sheet metal plate stands and the distance between the tack seams is as small as possible. On the other hand, the stitching should not be allowed run vigorously to comply with regulations to be able to be welded over.

It is an object of the invention, a method and an apparatus to improve the type mentioned in such a way that the doors the process of setting up profiles and stapling on the one hand and Profile welding on the other hand becomes superfluous that the profile on the sheet metal plate horizontally and vertically along the entire length just put on, angularly aligned and fixed and that the function of axial displacement and rotation of the profile as well Height adjustment is simplified.  

To achieve this object, a method for Placing and welding profiles on sheet metal or Pa neele, taking one profile after another to the place of touchdown transported and there on the sheet metal plate or panel is proposed, where the profile is above its ge entire length aligned and locked onto the sheet metal plate is placed without pressure, then the sheet metal plate against the lower edge of the profile is pulled and then between attacks score the fixing mechanism on the profile on both sides in a first Welding cycle a continuous interrupted fillet weld is welded and after completion of the first welding cycle as well after removing the fixing mechanism from the aforementioned area in these seam spaces in a second welding cycle continuous interrupted fillet weld is welded so that a Coverage achieved with the already existing weld seam becomes.

It is according to the invention that when using m welding current swell m fillet welds simultaneously with m torch units are welded, and that after the burner has been reset units m welding power sources to m other torch units ten, which in turn m fillet welds simultaneously weld off.

The proposed method is characterized in that the necessary filling of the end craters of the fillet welds with kur The arc continues to burn after the arc ends units is achieved.

A device for placing and tack welding profiles on sheet metal plates or panels, consisting essentially of two supports fixed opposite each other on trolleys, between which welding devices are arranged, the rotatable around the longitudinal axis and vertically and longitudinally movable are trained, as well as devices for gripping and holding the Profiles, devices for placing the profiles on the sheet surface and devices for lifting the sheet metal plate or  of the panel to the lower edge of the profile is according to the invention designed such that a defi between the supports nated area rotatable and vertically and axially displaceable bar magnetic bar on which a ver parallel to the magnetic bar ongoing, with a separate vertical and a separate axial drive provided welding bar is mounted net and that on the underside of the welding bar next to each other other a number of welding torches are attached and that on the Bottom of the magnetic bar we use a number of abutments kende fixing elements are provided. The number of sweats torch corresponds to the maximum profile length to be welded.

It is advantageous that vertically movable on the supports Pallet trucks are arranged with a slewing ring Trunnion with the magnetic bar axially displaceable and swiveling are connected in cash. The axial displacement is done by a arranged on one side of the magnetic bar, the axial drive is in operative connection with the ball slewing ring. At at the ends of the magnetic bar provided rotary actuators, which are even if in operative connection with the ball slewing ring, cause the magnetic bar to pivot.

A feature of the invention is that on the magnetic ball vertical guides at both ends, vertically ver Mobile pallet truck with a pin to hold the welding ball kens are arranged, are attached. The axial displacement the welding bar is carried out by a separately arranged axis alantrieb, in operative connection with the aforementioned pin stands.

It is further according to the invention that the fixing elements in the knitting richly insulated with the profile fixing plates, which together are electrically connected and at the same time as sweat serve current feedback.

In an embodiment of the invention it is proposed that at the A row of torches next to each other on the underside of the welding bar  units are arranged opposite each other, each burner holding means for positive guidance of the burner unit in has the throat between profile and sheet surface. The The burner unit can be swiveled on the burner holder hung up and on a control curve until just before the throat forced.

An inventive feature is that lifting elements with articulated lifting magnets on the magnetic bar in series opposite are arranged.

The solution according to the invention offers a number of advantages. So with just one device, the profile on the sheet metal plate or put the panel on and welded to it. That as The requirement for tack welding is no longer necessary perfect. With the device according to the invention, a Pre-align the profile both horizontally and vertically already when removing profiles from the stock range. At the Placing on the sheet metal plate supports the profile all over Length from an abutment and is fully aligned puts. This eliminates the need to report the profile before Welding process. The time required for the process of loading stiffening of sheet metal or panels with profiles thus be significantly shortened. This is especially for those Processing of longer profiles (<20 m) is crucial of importance.

The invention is illustrated by an embodiment explained. Show in the accompanying drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view,

Fig. 2 shows a detail I of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a section AA of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 shows a detail II of FIG. 3,

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation for welding 1st cycle, weld start,

Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration for welding 1st cycle, weld end,

Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration for welding 2nd cycle, the start of the weld,

Fig. 8 is a schematic illustration for welding 2nd cycle, the weld end,

Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of the Abschweißens in the form of interrupted fillet welds, the weld cycle 1,

Fig. 10 shows a schematic representation of the Abschweißens in the form of interrupted fillet welds, welding Cycle 2.

The device consists essentially of two opposite lying attached to chassis 1 supports 2 , between which a magnetic bar 5 , on which a parallel to the magnetic bar 5 duri fender welding bar 6 is mounted, is arranged transversely to the direction of flow. On the supports 2 vertically movable lifting carriage 3 are provided, each having a ball slewing ring 16 with a pivot 28 . The pivot 28 protrude into both ends of the magnetic beam 5 and take this over Laufrol len 29 , which are mounted on the pivot 28 above. The lifting truck 3 is driven by means known per se.

On the magnetic bar 5 , vertical guides 7 are fastened at both ends, on which vertically movable lifting trucks 4 are arranged, which are connected to the welding bar 6 via a pin 14 . To drive the pallet truck 4 , a hydraulic cylinder 15 , which is supported on the magnetic bar 5 , is provided.

Both the magnetic bar 5 and the welding bar 6 are axially displaceable. For this purpose, the magnet bar 5 is arranged a hydraulic axial drive 8 on one side, the connection on the pivot pin 28 in operative connection with the ball pivot 16 protrudes. Instead of the hydraulic drive, mechanical or electrical devices are also conceivable. This Axi alantrieb 8 is used when placing the profile 20 on the sheet metal surface. At both ends of the magnetic bar 5 , a hydraulic rotary drive 10 is also provided, which is in connection with the pivot pin 28 . Both devices are used to set the magnetic bar 5 and the welding bar 6 and the gripping and holding elements 12 arranged on them for the profile 20 in a vertical position. On the underside of the magnetic bar 5 , a series of fixing plates 21 are arranged at certain intervals, which can be extended and locked vertically via fixing elements 11 . As the fixing element 11 , both hydraulic working cylinders and self-locking threaded spindles are conceivable. The fixing elements 11 are designed so that they are locked after lightly pressing the profile 20 on the sheet metal plate and thus form an abutment acting over the entire length of the profile 20 ge. The fixing plates 21 also serve as a welding current feedback. It is advantageous to arrange the gripping and holding elements 12 on the outer jacket of the fixing element 11 . At the lower end of the gripping and holding element 12 , a holding magnet 13 is hen vorgese. The gripping and holding elements 12 in connection with the fi xierelemente 11 serve to remove the profile 20 from a supply pallet and press evenly and with low contact pressures across the entire length of the profile against the sheet metal plate or panel.

In addition, lifting elements 19 with articulated lifting magnets 17 are arranged laterally on the magnetic bar 5 in a row. These serve to lift the sheet metal plate to the lower edge of the profile 20 .

The welding bar 6 is also axially displaceable independently of the magnetic bar 5 . For this purpose, an axial drive 9 in the form of a spindle drive is provided on one side of the welding bar 6 , which is in operative connection with the pin 14 . Instead of the spin del drive, an electrical or other mechanical drive is also conceivable. This axial drive 9 is decisive for the speed of the arranged on the welding bar 6 Brennerein units 18th The maximum feed speed of the axial drive bes 9 corresponds to the welding speed and the maximum process path corresponds to the maximum length of the seam to be welded, which can also be a tack weld. The Brennerein units 18 are on the underside of the welding bar 6 next to each other in two opposite rows pivotally suspended in the y-axis. The number of burner units 18 depends on the maximum length of profile 20 to be processed. They are arranged so that they lie between the fixing elements 11 and get into the working position on both sides of the profile 20 . The burner unit 18 is via a control roller 24 , a lifting device 22 and a control cam 23 to the effect. As a lifting device 22 , a pneumatic drive is used in the exemplary embodiment.

The arrangement of welding sources 25 can take place on a support 26 which is fastened on the supports 2 .

The fitting and welding of the profiles 20 is carried out as follows:
The sheet metal plate or the panel is retracted via suitable transport devices into the working area of the device for placing and tack welding the profiles 20 and placed on a building support 27 . The device is set accordingly before, ie the two lifting trucks 3 with the articulated magnetic beam 5 are moved on the supports 2 at profile removal height. The rotary drive 10 is at 0 °, the Axialan drive 8 of the magnetic bar 5 to the zero position and the Axialan drive 9 of the welding bar 6 to the initial position, ie seen 0 mm in the welding direction. The welding bar 6 is in the upper end position.

The device moves in the direction of the profile stock pallet, in which the profiles 20 stand vertically in individual boxes. In the final phase of the movement of the device, the holding magnet 13 moves in an almost horizontal position against the profile 20 in the lowest Profilbe rich. When the holding magnet 13 contacts the profile 20 , the drive of the device is switched off. According to the pro fill length, the corresponding number of holding magnets 13 is activated and the profile 20 is non-positively connected to the device. Then all fixing elements 11 are moved together vertically downwards and locked in this position after reaching the upper edge of the profile 20 . This ensures that a profile 20 aligned over the entire length of the profile is transported for tack welding. The magnetic bar 5 is then moved vertically at the transport height.

The device then moves in the direction of the tear line on the sheet metal plate or panel, the rough position being approached with the aid of a measuring device. Magnetic bar 5 and welding bar 6 are lowered vertically until the profile 20 is at a distance of approx. 10 mm above the sheet metal surface. Now there can be axial positional differences in the longitudinal direction on the sheet metal plate or the panel, skewing of the profile 20 or intentional inclination of the profile 20 by fine alignment by means of the axial drive 8 of the magnetic bar 5 , by rotating the magnetic bar 5 by means of the rotary drive 10 or / and compensated for by tilting the device. The profile 20 is then placed on the sheet metal surface without pressure.

Subsequently, all disposed on the front and rear side of the magnetic beam 5 solenoids 17 are by means of the elements 19 Hubele simultaneously lowered onto the sheet surface, elec tric activated and tightened. If solenoids 17 do not hit the sheet metal surface because the panel is shorter than the working width of the magnetic bar 5 , these solenoids 17 move into the top dead position, ie back to the starting position. Accordingly, only the solenoids 17 that come into contact with the sheet surface are attracted. These lifting magnets 17 are attracted against the fixing elements 11 acting as counter bearings. As a result, the sheet presses on the lower edge of the profile 20 , the profile 20 is pressed with the upper edge against the fixing plates 21 and the air gap between the sheet and the profile 20 is equal to 0.

Now, as can be seen from FIGS . 5 and 9, the 1st cycle of fillet welding is carried out by drawing an interrupted weld seam from a cycle unit, which is formed in the exemplary embodiment from four pairs of adjacent burner units 18 , the seam length of which is adjustable and in execution Example should be approximately 500 mm. For this purpose, the welding bar 6 moves into the lowest position by lowering the lifting truck 4 . The lifting device 22 is retracted and the activated burner units 18 move against the sheet metal surface by gravity. Via the control cam 23 and control roller 24 , the presetting is made to the required torch welding angle, which corresponds to the fillet weld. Shortly before the weld fillet is reached, the control roller 24 is released from the control cam 23 and the burner unit 18 is constantly pressed into the fillet between the sheet and the profile 20 by means of the force of gravity on the y-axis, yielding if necessary. The fillet weld is carried out on both sides of the profile 20 simultaneously. For this purpose, the axial drive 9 of the welding bar 6 is switched to the welding speed. After the welding, it is 18 reaches a position of the burner units shown in Fig. 6, the sealing bars 6 position back to its output and the next group of units 18 distilleries activated. Depending on the number of existing Brennerein units 18 and the welding current sources, the welding process is repeated along the profile 20 until a continuous, interrupted fillet weld is present on both sides (see FIG. 9). It is also possible to weld when resetting the welding bar 6 , so that the starting position is reached after two opposite welding movements. The required filling of the end craters of the weld seams is achieved by briefly continuing to burn the arc after the end of the movement.

Then, as can be seen from FIGS. 7 and 10, the second cycle of fillet welding is carried out. For this purpose, the lifting magnets 17 and the holding magnets 13 are deactivated and retracted into their starting position by means of their actuating devices. In their starting position, the fixing elements 11 are also returned. The magnetic bar 5 is then moved longitudinally until the fixing elements 11 , the gripping and holding elements 12 and the lifting elements 19 are displaced by the welded weld length, that is to say approx. 500 mm, and the area for the fillet weld that is still to be welded is thus free. Since the welding bar 6 has also been moved by the aforementioned amount of approx. 500 mm, the welding seams of the 2nd cycle can be welded analogously to the 1st cycle. It should be noted that an overlap is created with the existing weld. The result is a continuous, double-sided fillet seam. The position of the welding bar 6 reached can be seen from FIG. 8.

If it is structurally necessary, the device instead of a continuous fillet weld be welded. The seam length can be smaller or larger be larger than approx. 500 mm, and it can also be a staggered one Acting fillet weld. The weld distance is in both cases variable.

If the profile 20 is completely welded, the device is brought into the starting position and the next profile 20 can be fetched from the supply range.

Reference list

1 landing gear
2 support
3 pallet trucks
4 pallet trucks
5 magnetic bars
6 welding bars
7 leadership
8 axial drive
9 axial drive
10 rotary drive
11 fixing element
12 gripping and holding element
13 holding magnet
14 cones
15 hydraulic cylinders
16 ball slewing ring
17 solenoid
18 burner unit
19 lifting element
20 profile
21 fixing plate
22 lifting device
23 control curve
24 steering roller
25 sweat source
26 carriers
27 Building conditions
28 pivots
29 roll

Claims (14)

1. A method for placing and welding profiles on sheet metal plates or panels, one profile after the other being transported to the place of placement and placed there on the sheet metal plate or panel, characterized in that the profile ( 20 ) over its entire Length aligned and locked on the sheet metal plate is depressurized, then the sheet metal plate is pulled against the lower edge of the profile ( 20 ) and then a continuous interrupted fillet weld is welded on both sides in a first welding cycle between the points of attachment of the fixing mechanism on the profile ( 20 ) and after completion of the first welding cycle and after removing the fixing mechanism from the aforementioned area in these seam spaces in a second welding cycle, a continuous intermittent fillet weld is welded so that an overlap with the existing weld seam is aimed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using m welding power sources with m torch units ( 18 ) m fillet welds are welded simultaneously, and that after resetting the burner units ( 18 ) the m welding power sources to m other torch units ( 18 ) can be switched, which in turn weld m fillet welds at the same time. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the required filling of the end crater of the fillet welds is achieved by briefly burning the arc after the end of movement of the burner units ( 18 ). 4. Apparatus for placing and welding profiles on sheet metal plates or panels, consisting essentially of two supports fixed opposite each other on bogies, between which devices for welding are arranged, which are designed to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis and vertically and longitudinally movable, and devices for Gripping and holding the profiles, devices for placing the profiles on the sheet surface and devices for lifting the sheet metal plate or the panel to the lower edge of the profile, characterized in that between the supports ( 2 ) a rotatable by a certain range and vertically and axially Slidable magnetic bar ( 5 ), on which a parallel to the magnetic bar ( 5 ) running, with a separate vertical and a separate axial drive ver provided welding bar ( 6 ) is mounted, and that on the underside of the welding bar ( 6 ) one next to the other Row welding torches are attached as well on the underside of the magnetic bar ( 5 ) a number of fixing elements ( 11 ) acting as counter bearings are provided. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that on the supports ( 2 ) vertically movable pallet truck ( 3 ) are angeord net, the pivot pin ( 28 ) with a magnetic rotary joint ( 16 ) ( 28 ) with the magnetic bar ( 5 ) axially displaceable and pivotable are connected. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that the magnetic bar ( 5 ) by one on one side of the magnetic bar ( 5 ) arranged axial drive ( 8 ), which is in operative connection with the rotary ball joint ( 16 ), is axially displaceable. 7. The device according to claim 4 to 6, characterized in that a rotary drive ( 10 ) is provided at both ends of the magnetic bar ( 5 ), which is in operative connection with the ball slewing ring. 8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that on the magnetic bar ( 5 ) at both ends vertical guides gene ( 7 ), on which vertically movable pallet truck ( 4 ) with a pin ( 14 ) for receiving the welding bar ( 6 ) arranged are attached. 9. Apparatus according to claim 4 and 8, characterized in that the welding bar ( 6 ) by an axial drive ( 9 ) which is operatively connected to the pin ( 14 ) is axially displaceable. 10. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the fixing elements ( 11 ) in the effective area with the profile ( 20 ) insulated fixing plates ( 21 ), which are electrically connected to each other and at the same time serve as welding current feedback. 11. The device according to claim 4,8 and 9, characterized in that a number of burner units ( 18 ) are arranged opposite one another on the underside of the welding bar ( 6 ). 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that each burner holder has means for positively guiding the burner unit ( 18 ) in the throat between profile ( 20 ) and sheet metal plate or panel. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the burner unit ( 18 ) is pivotally suspended on the burner holder and is pre-set by a control cam ( 23 ) with control roller ( 24 ) until just before the throat. 14. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that lifting elements ( 19 ) with articulated lifting magnets ( 17 ) on the Ma gnetbalken ( 5 ) are arranged in series opposite.