DE1953443C3 - Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon - Google Patents
Transmitting antenna system for a radio beaconInfo
- Publication number
- DE1953443C3 DE1953443C3 DE1953443A DE1953443A DE1953443C3 DE 1953443 C3 DE1953443 C3 DE 1953443C3 DE 1953443 A DE1953443 A DE 1953443A DE 1953443 A DE1953443 A DE 1953443A DE 1953443 C3 DE1953443 C3 DE 1953443C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- antenna system
- parasitic
- rings
- radiation
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/446—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element the radiating element being at the centre of one or more rings of auxiliary elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Description
4. Sendeantennensystem nach Anspruch 3, da- Elementen vorgesehen sein.4. Transmitter antenna system according to claim 3, there elements can be provided.
durch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes parasitäre Die Erfindung wird an Hand von Zeichnungencharacterized in that each parasitic The invention is based on drawings
Element aus mehreren übereinander angeordne- 45 näher erläutert. In den Figuren ist schcmatisch darten Dipolen besteht (Fig. 5). gestellt inElement of several arranged one above the other 45 explained in more detail. There is schcmatic dart in the figures Dipoles (Fig. 5). put in
5. Sendeantennensystem nach Anspruch 2 Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Antennensystems mit elektronischer Diagramm-Betrieb des Antennensystems in zwei ver- steuerung,5. Transmission antenna system according to claim 2 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a or 3, characterized in that for the antenna system with electronic diagram operation the antenna system in two taxation,
schiedenen Frequenzbändern insgesamt vier 50 F i g. 2 ein als Monopol ausgebildetes parasitäres
Ringe (14/16, 15/17, Fig. 3) von parasitären Element mit der dazugehörigen Erdung,
Elementen vorgesehen sind. F i g. 3 eine Aufsicht eines Antennensystems fürdifferent frequency bands a total of four 50 F i g. 2 a parasitic ring designed as a monopole (14/16, 15/17, Fig. 3) of parasitic element with the associated grounding,
Elements are provided. F i g. 3 a plan view of an antenna system for
zwei Frequenzbereiche füi elektronische Diagrammsteuerung, two frequency ranges for electronic diagram control,
55 Fig. 4 ein als Dipol ausgebildetes parasitäres Element mit der dazugehörigen Erdung,55 Fig. 4 shows a parasitic element designed as a dipole with the associated grounding,
F i g. 5 als parallelgeschaltete Dipole ausgebildete parasitäre Elemente mit den entsprechenden Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Antennen- Erdungsmaßnahmen.F i g. 5 designed as parallel-connected dipoles parasitic elements with the corresponding The invention relates to an antenna grounding measure.
system, insbesondere auf ein Sendeantennensystem, 60 In F i g. 1 ist ein Zentralstrahler 1 dargestellt, der das ein rotierendes Strahlungsdiagramm für ein auf einem Gegengewicht 4 montiert und von zwei Navigationssystem erzeugt. Ringen 2 und 3 von als Monopole 5 ausgebildetensystem, in particular to a transmission antenna system, 60 In F i g. 1 shows a central radiator 1 which that is a rotating radiation pattern for one mounted on a counterweight 4 and of two Navigation system generated. Rings 2 and 3 of 5 designed as monopoles
Die taktische Verwendung von Navigationsanlagen parasitären Elementen konzentrisch umgeben ist. macht es erforderlich, daß die verwendeten An- Jeder parasitäre Monopol 5 ist gemäß Fig. 2 überThe tactical use of navigation systems parasitic elements is concentrically surrounded. makes it necessary that the components used each parasitic monopole 5 is shown in FIG. 2 above
tenncnsysteme leicht zu transportieren sind. Bei 65 eine Diode 8 mit dem Gegengewicht 4 elektrisch manchen Navigationssystemcn werden die Antennen- verbunden. Ein Schaltsignal wird der Diode 8 über systeme mechanisch, mittels eines Motors, in Rota- die Hochfrequenz sperrende Drosselspule 7 zution versetzt. Derartige Antennensysteme haben je- geführt. Das Schaltsignal steuert die Impedanz zwi-antenna systems are easy to transport. At 65 a diode 8 with the counterweight 4 electrical The antennas are connected to some navigation systems. A switching signal is sent to the diode 8 systems mechanically, by means of a motor, in rotation, the high-frequency blocking choke coil 7 zution offset. Such antenna systems have ever led. The switching signal controls the impedance between
sehen dem Monopol 5 und dem Gegengewicht, so
daß entweder ein hoher Widerstand oder ein Kurzschluß zwischen Monopol 5 und Gegengewicht 4
(I, h. dem Massepunkt, entsteht.
. Wenn der Zentralstrahler 1 (Fig, I) mit Hoch- £
frequenz gespeist wird, so strahlt er ein Signal aus das durch die parasitären Elemente 2 und 3
modifiziert wird und so das gewünschte Strahlungsdiagramm
erzeugt. Das Strahlungsdiagramm kann durch Erdung der einzelnen parasitären Elemente in
der gewünschten Weise modifiziert werdensee the monopole 5 and the counterweight, so that either a high resistance or a short circuit between monopole 5 and counterweight 4 (I, i.e. the ground point, arises.
. If the central radiator 1 (Fig, I) is fed with high frequency, it emits a signal which is modified by the parasitic elements 2 and 3 and thus generates the desired radiation pattern. The radiation pattern can be modified as desired by grounding the individual parasitic elements
Das bei dem hier in Frage stehenden Navigationssystem benotigte Strahlungsdiagramm besteht aus der Superposition einer Cardiojde und eines neunblattngen Strahlungsdiagramms. Bei dem hier besennebenen Antennensystem werden zur Erzeugung des eardioidenförmigen Strahlungsdiagramms immer einige der parasitären Elemente des inneren Ringes 2 geerdet, und durch die Erdung einiger ausgewählter parasitärer Elemente des äußeren Ringes 3 werden die der Cardioide überlagerten neun Straiilun»sblätter erzeugt.The radiation diagram required for the navigation system in question here consists of the superposition of a Cardiojde and a nine-leaf length Radiation diagram. In the case of the antenna system with broom level here, of the eardioid-shaped radiation pattern always some of the parasitic elements of the inner ring 2 are grounded, and selected by the grounding of some Parasitic elements of the outer ring 3 are the nine straiilun leaves superimposed on the cardioids generated.
Wenn durch diese Maßnahmen das gewünschte Strahlungsdiagramm als feststehendes Diagramm erzeugt worden ist, so kann man dieses Diagramm dadurch rotieren lassen, daß fortlaufend und nacheinander immer andere der parasitären Elemente der Ringe 2 und 3 geerdet werden. Das wird, wie in F1 g. 1 angedeutet ist, dadurch erreicht, daß die Signale eines Taktgenerators 11 zwei rückgekoppelten Schieberegistern zugeführt werden, bei denen die Information periodisch umläuft und von denen das erste seine Ausgangssignale an die parasitären Elemente des inneren Ringes 2 und das zweite seine Ausgangssignalc an die parasitären Elemente des äußeren Ringes 3 liefert.If these measures produce the desired radiation diagram as a fixed diagram this diagram can be rotated continuously and one after the other always other of the parasitic elements of rings 2 and 3 are grounded. That will, as in F1 g. 1 is indicated, achieved in that the signals of a clock generator 11 are two fed back Shift registers are supplied in which the information periodically circulates and from which the first its output signals to the parasitic elements of the inner ring 2 and the second its Output signal c to the parasitic elements of the outer ring 3 supplies.
Das im Feld entstehende Strahlungsdiagramm hangt für eine gegebene Frequenz der auszustrahlenden Signale von den Durchmessern der Ringe von parasitären Elementen ab. 4„The radiation diagram that arises in the field depends on the diameter of the rings of parasitic elements for a given frequency of the signals to be emitted. 4 "
Eine zweite Ausfühnmgsform besitzt, um das Antennensystem in zwei verschiedenen Frequenzbändern betreiben zu können, vier konzentrische Ringe 15/17 und 14/16 von parasitären Elementen, zwei innere und zwei äußere (Fig,3); dabei sind die Ringii 14 und 16 — entsprechend ihrem Abstand vom gespeisten Zentralstrahier für das Frequenzband mit den niedrigeren Frequenzen und die Ringe 15 umd 17 für das Frequenzband mit den höheren Frequenzen bestimmt. Durch entsprechende Steuersignale werden die parasitären Elemente der einen oder der anderen Ringe unwirksam bzw. wirksam gemacht, je nachdem, in welchem Frequenzband die Antenne gerade betrieben werden soll.A second embodiment has the To be able to operate the antenna system in two different frequency bands, four concentric Rings 15/17 and 14/16 of parasitic elements, two inner and two outer (Fig, 3); here are the Ringii 14 and 16 - according to their distance from the fed Zentralstrahier for the frequency band with the lower frequencies and the rings 15 and 17 intended for the frequency band with the higher frequencies. With appropriate control signals the parasitic elements of one or the other rings become ineffective or effective made, depending on the frequency band in which the antenna is to be operated.
Bislang sind als parasitäre Elemente nur Monopole besprochen worden, es können jedoch gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform (F i g. 4) auch parasitäre Dipole verwendet werden, um die gewünschte Form des Strahlungsdiagramms herzustellen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind die Dipolhälften 18 A und If(JS 'jttels einer Diode 19 überbrückt, deren einer Anschluß über eine Drossel 21 mit dem Massepunkt, d. h. mit dem Gegengewicht 4, verbunden ist, während am anderen Anschluß über eine weitere Drossel 20 das Schaltsignal zugeführt wird. Das Schaltsignal bewirkt, daß die Diode 19 für die Hochfrequenz entweder eine Trennung oder einen Kurzschluß für die Dipolhälften 18 A und 18 B darstellt, wodurch deren Strahlungscharakteristik gesteuert wird.So far, only monopoles have been discussed as parasitic elements, but according to a further embodiment (FIG. 4), parasitic dipoles can also be used in order to produce the desired shape of the radiation pattern. In this embodiment, the dipole halves 18 A and If (JS 'are bridged by a diode 19, one connection of which is connected to the ground point, ie to the counterweight 4, via a choke 21, while the switching signal is connected to the other connection via a further choke 20 The switching signal has the effect that the high frequency diode 19 represents either a separation or a short circuit for the dipole halves 18 A and 18 B , whereby their radiation characteristics are controlled.
Bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel, das schematisch in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist, sind anstatt eines einzigen parasitären Elementes mehrere übereinander angeordnet, um, wie an sich bekannt, eine Verbesserung der Richtwi.Kung in der Vertikalen zu bekommen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind parasitäre Dipole 27,28 und 29 übereinander angeordnet, und die einzelnen Dipolhälfter 27/1/27 ß. 28 /1/28 B, 29A/29B der Dipole sind getrennt an Drosseln 22 bzw. 23 angeschlossen, über die die Schaltsignale für die die Dipolhälften verbindenden Dioden 24, 25, 26 zugeführt werden.In a further embodiment, which is shown schematically in FIG. 5, instead of a single parasitic element several are arranged one above the other in order, as is known per se, to obtain an improvement in the directionality in the vertical. In this embodiment, parasitic dipoles 27, 28 and 29 are arranged one above the other, and the individual dipole halves 27/1/27 ß. 28/1/28 B, 29 A / 29B of the dipoles are connected separately to chokes 22 and 23, respectively, via which the switching signals for the diodes 24, 25, 26 connecting the dipole halves are fed.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (1)
tären Elementen, dadurchgekennzeich- zu schaffen, das kIe " u"^rdV.St E
net, daß zur Diagrammrotation mit elektroni- Das Antennensystem gemäß der b Rings by acting as reflectors as parasites 10 antenna system with '"""" * & amm
tary elements, thereby creating the kIe " u " ^ r d V. St E
net that for the diagram rotation with electronic The antenna system according to b
gewicht (4, Fig. 1, 2, 4) aufgebaut sind, und daß Die Erfindung bezieht sich. a so auf tiι Su.de-Elements (5) are evenly spaced from - after a certain program effective or intended to be effective against each other, which can be rendered ineffective via a counterpart,
weight (4, Fig. 1, 2, 4) are constructed, and that the invention relates. a so on tiι Su.de-
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US77268668A | 1968-11-01 | 1968-11-01 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1953443A1 DE1953443A1 (en) | 1970-05-27 |
DE1953443B2 DE1953443B2 (en) | 1973-09-13 |
DE1953443C3 true DE1953443C3 (en) | 1974-04-18 |
Family
ID=25095865
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1953443A Expired DE1953443C3 (en) | 1968-11-01 | 1969-10-23 | Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3560978A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4932239B1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE749080A (en) |
BR (1) | BR6913783D0 (en) |
DE (1) | DE1953443C3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES373060A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2022375B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1275579A (en) |
SE (1) | SE355270B (en) |
Cited By (1)
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DE10335216A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-03-17 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | In the area of an outer surface of an aircraft arranged phased array antenna |
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GB201016203D0 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2010-11-10 | Sec Dep For Business Innovation & Skills The | Smart antenna for wireless communication |
US8436785B1 (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2013-05-07 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Electrically tunable surface impedance structure with suppressed backward wave |
US8994609B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2015-03-31 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Conformal surface wave feed |
US9466887B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2016-10-11 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Low cost, 2D, electronically-steerable, artificial-impedance-surface antenna |
US8982011B1 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2015-03-17 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Conformal antennas for mitigation of structural blockage |
WO2013106106A2 (en) | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-18 | Utah State University | Reconfigurable antennas utilizing parasitic pixel layers |
KR101390168B1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-05-07 | 한국공항공사 | Electrically scanned tacan antenna |
US9935371B2 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-04-03 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp | Antennas |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2761134A (en) * | 1952-01-18 | 1956-08-28 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Means for operating antennas |
US3334348A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1967-08-01 | Granger Associates | Steerable monopole antenna system having a plurality of reflectors, said reflectors comprising a series of tubular vacuum switches |
GB1021727A (en) * | 1963-11-25 | 1966-03-09 | Granger Associates | Steerable reflector antenna system |
-
1968
- 1968-11-01 US US772686A patent/US3560978A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-10-23 DE DE1953443A patent/DE1953443C3/en not_active Expired
- 1969-10-30 GB GB53198/69A patent/GB1275579A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-10-30 BR BR213783/69A patent/BR6913783D0/en unknown
- 1969-10-30 JP JP44086530A patent/JPS4932239B1/ja active Pending
- 1969-10-31 SE SE14983/69A patent/SE355270B/xx unknown
- 1969-10-31 ES ES373060A patent/ES373060A1/en not_active Expired
- 1969-10-31 FR FR6937446A patent/FR2022375B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-04-17 BE BE749080D patent/BE749080A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10335216A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-03-17 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | In the area of an outer surface of an aircraft arranged phased array antenna |
DE10335216B4 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-07-14 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | In the area of an outer surface of an aircraft arranged phased array antenna |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4932239B1 (en) | 1974-08-28 |
FR2022375A1 (en) | 1970-07-31 |
BR6913783D0 (en) | 1973-01-02 |
DE1953443B2 (en) | 1973-09-13 |
BE749080A (en) | 1970-10-19 |
SE355270B (en) | 1973-04-09 |
US3560978A (en) | 1971-02-02 |
FR2022375B1 (en) | 1975-08-22 |
DE1953443A1 (en) | 1970-05-27 |
ES373060A1 (en) | 1971-11-16 |
GB1275579A (en) | 1972-05-24 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
EHJ | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |