DE1953443C3 - Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon - Google Patents

Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon

Info

Publication number
DE1953443C3
DE1953443C3 DE1953443A DE1953443A DE1953443C3 DE 1953443 C3 DE1953443 C3 DE 1953443C3 DE 1953443 A DE1953443 A DE 1953443A DE 1953443 A DE1953443 A DE 1953443A DE 1953443 C3 DE1953443 C3 DE 1953443C3
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
antenna system
parasitic
rings
radiation
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1953443A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1953443A1 (en
DE1953443B2 (en
Inventor
Sven Henry Mountain Lakes Dodington
Leon Upper Montclair Himmel
Ernest George Convent Station Parker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Publication of DE1953443A1 publication Critical patent/DE1953443A1/en
Publication of DE1953443B2 publication Critical patent/DE1953443B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1953443C3 publication Critical patent/DE1953443C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/446—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element the radiating element being at the centre of one or more rings of auxiliary elements

Description

4. Sendeantennensystem nach Anspruch 3, da- Elementen vorgesehen sein.4. Transmitter antenna system according to claim 3, there elements can be provided.

durch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes parasitäre Die Erfindung wird an Hand von Zeichnungencharacterized in that each parasitic The invention is based on drawings

Element aus mehreren übereinander angeordne- 45 näher erläutert. In den Figuren ist schcmatisch darten Dipolen besteht (Fig. 5). gestellt inElement of several arranged one above the other 45 explained in more detail. There is schcmatic dart in the figures Dipoles (Fig. 5). put in

5. Sendeantennensystem nach Anspruch 2 Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Antennensystems mit elektronischer Diagramm-Betrieb des Antennensystems in zwei ver- steuerung,5. Transmission antenna system according to claim 2 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a or 3, characterized in that for the antenna system with electronic diagram operation the antenna system in two taxation,

schiedenen Frequenzbändern insgesamt vier 50 F i g. 2 ein als Monopol ausgebildetes parasitäres Ringe (14/16, 15/17, Fig. 3) von parasitären Element mit der dazugehörigen Erdung,
Elementen vorgesehen sind. F i g. 3 eine Aufsicht eines Antennensystems fürdifferent frequency bands a total of four 50 F i g. 2 a parasitic ring designed as a monopole (14/16, 15/17, Fig. 3) of parasitic element with the associated grounding,
Elements are provided. F i g. 3 a plan view of an antenna system for

zwei Frequenzbereiche füi elektronische Diagrammsteuerung, two frequency ranges for electronic diagram control,

55 Fig. 4 ein als Dipol ausgebildetes parasitäres Element mit der dazugehörigen Erdung,55 Fig. 4 shows a parasitic element designed as a dipole with the associated grounding,

F i g. 5 als parallelgeschaltete Dipole ausgebildete parasitäre Elemente mit den entsprechenden Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Antennen- Erdungsmaßnahmen.F i g. 5 designed as parallel-connected dipoles parasitic elements with the corresponding The invention relates to an antenna grounding measure.

system, insbesondere auf ein Sendeantennensystem, 60 In F i g. 1 ist ein Zentralstrahler 1 dargestellt, der das ein rotierendes Strahlungsdiagramm für ein auf einem Gegengewicht 4 montiert und von zwei Navigationssystem erzeugt. Ringen 2 und 3 von als Monopole 5 ausgebildetensystem, in particular to a transmission antenna system, 60 In F i g. 1 shows a central radiator 1 which that is a rotating radiation pattern for one mounted on a counterweight 4 and of two Navigation system generated. Rings 2 and 3 of 5 designed as monopoles

Die taktische Verwendung von Navigationsanlagen parasitären Elementen konzentrisch umgeben ist. macht es erforderlich, daß die verwendeten An- Jeder parasitäre Monopol 5 ist gemäß Fig. 2 überThe tactical use of navigation systems parasitic elements is concentrically surrounded. makes it necessary that the components used each parasitic monopole 5 is shown in FIG. 2 above

tenncnsysteme leicht zu transportieren sind. Bei 65 eine Diode 8 mit dem Gegengewicht 4 elektrisch manchen Navigationssystemcn werden die Antennen- verbunden. Ein Schaltsignal wird der Diode 8 über systeme mechanisch, mittels eines Motors, in Rota- die Hochfrequenz sperrende Drosselspule 7 zution versetzt. Derartige Antennensysteme haben je- geführt. Das Schaltsignal steuert die Impedanz zwi-antenna systems are easy to transport. At 65 a diode 8 with the counterweight 4 electrical The antennas are connected to some navigation systems. A switching signal is sent to the diode 8 systems mechanically, by means of a motor, in rotation, the high-frequency blocking choke coil 7 zution offset. Such antenna systems have ever led. The switching signal controls the impedance between

sehen dem Monopol 5 und dem Gegengewicht, so daß entweder ein hoher Widerstand oder ein Kurzschluß zwischen Monopol 5 und Gegengewicht 4 (I, h. dem Massepunkt, entsteht.
. Wenn der Zentralstrahler 1 (Fig, I) mit Hoch- £ frequenz gespeist wird, so strahlt er ein Signal aus das durch die parasitären Elemente 2 und 3 modifiziert wird und so das gewünschte Strahlungsdiagramm erzeugt. Das Strahlungsdiagramm kann durch Erdung der einzelnen parasitären Elemente in der gewünschten Weise modifiziert werdensee the monopole 5 and the counterweight, so that either a high resistance or a short circuit between monopole 5 and counterweight 4 (I, i.e. the ground point, arises.
. If the central radiator 1 (Fig, I) is fed with high frequency, it emits a signal which is modified by the parasitic elements 2 and 3 and thus generates the desired radiation pattern. The radiation pattern can be modified as desired by grounding the individual parasitic elements

Das bei dem hier in Frage stehenden Navigationssystem benotigte Strahlungsdiagramm besteht aus der Superposition einer Cardiojde und eines neunblattngen Strahlungsdiagramms. Bei dem hier besennebenen Antennensystem werden zur Erzeugung des eardioidenförmigen Strahlungsdiagramms immer einige der parasitären Elemente des inneren Ringes 2 geerdet, und durch die Erdung einiger ausgewählter parasitärer Elemente des äußeren Ringes 3 werden die der Cardioide überlagerten neun Straiilun»sblätter erzeugt.The radiation diagram required for the navigation system in question here consists of the superposition of a Cardiojde and a nine-leaf length Radiation diagram. In the case of the antenna system with broom level here, of the eardioid-shaped radiation pattern always some of the parasitic elements of the inner ring 2 are grounded, and selected by the grounding of some Parasitic elements of the outer ring 3 are the nine straiilun leaves superimposed on the cardioids generated.

Wenn durch diese Maßnahmen das gewünschte Strahlungsdiagramm als feststehendes Diagramm erzeugt worden ist, so kann man dieses Diagramm dadurch rotieren lassen, daß fortlaufend und nacheinander immer andere der parasitären Elemente der Ringe 2 und 3 geerdet werden. Das wird, wie in F1 g. 1 angedeutet ist, dadurch erreicht, daß die Signale eines Taktgenerators 11 zwei rückgekoppelten Schieberegistern zugeführt werden, bei denen die Information periodisch umläuft und von denen das erste seine Ausgangssignale an die parasitären Elemente des inneren Ringes 2 und das zweite seine Ausgangssignalc an die parasitären Elemente des äußeren Ringes 3 liefert.If these measures produce the desired radiation diagram as a fixed diagram this diagram can be rotated continuously and one after the other always other of the parasitic elements of rings 2 and 3 are grounded. That will, as in F1 g. 1 is indicated, achieved in that the signals of a clock generator 11 are two fed back Shift registers are supplied in which the information periodically circulates and from which the first its output signals to the parasitic elements of the inner ring 2 and the second its Output signal c to the parasitic elements of the outer ring 3 supplies.

Das im Feld entstehende Strahlungsdiagramm hangt für eine gegebene Frequenz der auszustrahlenden Signale von den Durchmessern der Ringe von parasitären Elementen ab. 4„The radiation diagram that arises in the field depends on the diameter of the rings of parasitic elements for a given frequency of the signals to be emitted. 4 "

Eine zweite Ausfühnmgsform besitzt, um das Antennensystem in zwei verschiedenen Frequenzbändern betreiben zu können, vier konzentrische Ringe 15/17 und 14/16 von parasitären Elementen, zwei innere und zwei äußere (Fig,3); dabei sind die Ringii 14 und 16 — entsprechend ihrem Abstand vom gespeisten Zentralstrahier für das Frequenzband mit den niedrigeren Frequenzen und die Ringe 15 umd 17 für das Frequenzband mit den höheren Frequenzen bestimmt. Durch entsprechende Steuersignale werden die parasitären Elemente der einen oder der anderen Ringe unwirksam bzw. wirksam gemacht, je nachdem, in welchem Frequenzband die Antenne gerade betrieben werden soll.A second embodiment has the To be able to operate the antenna system in two different frequency bands, four concentric Rings 15/17 and 14/16 of parasitic elements, two inner and two outer (Fig, 3); here are the Ringii 14 and 16 - according to their distance from the fed Zentralstrahier for the frequency band with the lower frequencies and the rings 15 and 17 intended for the frequency band with the higher frequencies. With appropriate control signals the parasitic elements of one or the other rings become ineffective or effective made, depending on the frequency band in which the antenna is to be operated.

Bislang sind als parasitäre Elemente nur Monopole besprochen worden, es können jedoch gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform (F i g. 4) auch parasitäre Dipole verwendet werden, um die gewünschte Form des Strahlungsdiagramms herzustellen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind die Dipolhälften 18 A und If(JS 'jttels einer Diode 19 überbrückt, deren einer Anschluß über eine Drossel 21 mit dem Massepunkt, d. h. mit dem Gegengewicht 4, verbunden ist, während am anderen Anschluß über eine weitere Drossel 20 das Schaltsignal zugeführt wird. Das Schaltsignal bewirkt, daß die Diode 19 für die Hochfrequenz entweder eine Trennung oder einen Kurzschluß für die Dipolhälften 18 A und 18 B darstellt, wodurch deren Strahlungscharakteristik gesteuert wird.So far, only monopoles have been discussed as parasitic elements, but according to a further embodiment (FIG. 4), parasitic dipoles can also be used in order to produce the desired shape of the radiation pattern. In this embodiment, the dipole halves 18 A and If (JS 'are bridged by a diode 19, one connection of which is connected to the ground point, ie to the counterweight 4, via a choke 21, while the switching signal is connected to the other connection via a further choke 20 The switching signal has the effect that the high frequency diode 19 represents either a separation or a short circuit for the dipole halves 18 A and 18 B , whereby their radiation characteristics are controlled.

Bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel, das schematisch in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist, sind anstatt eines einzigen parasitären Elementes mehrere übereinander angeordnet, um, wie an sich bekannt, eine Verbesserung der Richtwi.Kung in der Vertikalen zu bekommen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind parasitäre Dipole 27,28 und 29 übereinander angeordnet, und die einzelnen Dipolhälfter 27/1/27 ß. 28 /1/28 B, 29A/29B der Dipole sind getrennt an Drosseln 22 bzw. 23 angeschlossen, über die die Schaltsignale für die die Dipolhälften verbindenden Dioden 24, 25, 26 zugeführt werden.In a further embodiment, which is shown schematically in FIG. 5, instead of a single parasitic element several are arranged one above the other in order, as is known per se, to obtain an improvement in the directionality in the vertical. In this embodiment, parasitic dipoles 27, 28 and 29 are arranged one above the other, and the individual dipole halves 27/1/27 ß. 28/1/28 B, 29 A / 29B of the dipoles are connected separately to chokes 22 and 23, respectively, via which the switching signals for the diodes 24, 25, 26 connecting the dipole halves are fed.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

doch große Abmessungen, sind sehr schwer, und but large dimensions, are very heavy, and ... Tl1. Antriebsmotor verbvaucht verhältnismäßig viel... Tl 1 . The drive motor consumes a relatively large amount Patentansprüche: der Λ."1. T. πΓ»™ϊρClaims: the Λ. " 1. T. πΓ» ™ ϊρ an elektrischer Energie.of electrical energy. 1. Sendeantennensystem für ein Funkfeuer zur * ^££K? «ΧΑ? Erzeugung eines rotierenden Strahlungsdiagramms 5 systeme ro»* «lekironi * >< β1. Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon to * ^ ££ K? «ΧΑ? Generation of a rotating radiation diagram 5 systems ro »*« lekironi *><β von der Form einer Cardioide mit überlagertem digramms sind auch ^' v™ gS/ fürTn mehrblättrigem, insbesondere neunblätlrjgem sionen und von zu schwerem u.wicnt den Diagramm, mit einem Zentralstrahler und taktischen E^tz Erfindung, ein An-of the form of a cardioid with superimposed digrams are also ^ ' v ™ gS / forT n multi-leaf, especially nine-leaf form, and of too heavy u.wicnt the diagram, with a central radiator and tactical invention, an approach mehreren diesen konzentrisch umgebenden Es ist α*Μ**"[°ΪΓ nixlieT Diaerammrotationseveral of these concentrically surrounding it is α * Μ ** "[° ΪΓ nixlieT diaeral rotation Ringen von als Reflektoren wirkenden parasi- 10 tennensystem mit'«"» «*&amm
tären Elementen, dadurchgekennzeich- zu schaffen, das kIe " u"^rdV.St E
net, daß zur Diagrammrotation mit elektroni- Das Antennensystem gemäß der b Rings by acting as reflectors as parasites 10 antenna system with '"""" * & amm
tary elements, thereby creating the kIe " u " ^ r d V. St E
net that for the diagram rotation with electronic The antenna system according to b sehen Mitteln in den Ringen (2, 3, Fig. 1) eine aus einem fSisee means in the rings (2, 3, Fig. 1) one from an fSi im Verhältnis zu den zu erzeugenden Strahlung*- von dem ^ in relation to the radiation to be generated * - from the ^ blättern sehr große Anzahl von parasitären x5 Flementen, die. ^j5^fvery large number of parasitic x 5 flements that scroll. ^ j5 ^ f Elementen (5) in gleichmäßigem Abstande von- na.h einem bestimmten Programm w.rksam bzw. einander vorgesehen ist, die über einem Gegen- unwirksam gemacht werden können,
gewicht (4, Fig. 1, 2, 4) aufgebaut sind, und daß Die Erfindung bezieht sich. a so auf tiι Su.de-Elements (5) are evenly spaced from - after a certain program effective or intended to be effective against each other, which can be rendered ineffective via a counterpart,
weight (4, Fig. 1, 2, 4) are constructed, and that the invention relates. a so on tiι Su.de- eine der gewünschten geometrischen Konfigura- antennensystem fur »\*™J*™L™^ E^£ tion des Strahlungsdiagramms entsprechende *» eines rotierenden Strahlungsd "P™™™"*« Anzahl von parasitären Elementen auf den Form einer Cardio.de mit überlagertem mJireinzelnen Ringen immer gleichzeitig und fort- blättrigem, insbesondere neunblattngcm D.agr.mm, laufend in z^lbcher Folge mittels" gesteuerter mit einem Zentralst« "«£ ™* «^1«™ o'Sto^ Schaltdioden (8, F ig. 2, bzw. 19, F ig. 4, bzw. zentrisch umgebenden Ringen von als Reflektoren 24 25/26, Fig. 5) wirksam gemacht wird. 35 wirkenden parasitären Elementen.one of the desired geometrical configura- tion antenna system for »\ * ™ J * ™ L ™ ^ E ^ £ tion of the radiation diagram corresponding *» a rotating radiation d "P ™ Brille" * " number of parasitic elements in the form of a Cardio.de with mJireinzelnen superimposed rings always simultaneously and continued foliar, in particular neunblattngcm D.agr.mm, running in lbcher z ^ sequence by means of "controlled with a central p""" £ ™ * "^ 1" ™ ^ o'Sto switching diodes (8, F Fig. 2, or 19, Fig. 4, or centrally surrounding rings of as reflectors 24 25/26, Fig. 5) is made effective. 35 acting parasitic elements. : Sendeantennensystem nach Anspruch 1, da- Erfindungsgemäß ist zur Diagrammrotatjon mit: Transmission antenna system according to claim 1, according to the invention is for diagram rotation with du.vh gekennzeichnet, daß Jodes parasitäre elektronischen Mitteln m den Ringen eine im VerElement als Monopol (5, Fig. 2) ausgebildet ist, hältnis zu den zu zeugenden Strahlungsbattcrn der über die Schaltdiode (8) mit dem Gegen- sehr große Anzahl von parasitären Elementen ,n gewicht (4) elektrisch verbunden ist. und daß die 30 gleichmäßigem Abstande voneinander vorgesehen. Steuerimpulse L·,- die Diode dem Monopol über die über einem Gegengewicht aufgebaut sind E, eine Drossel (7) zugeführt werden. wird ferner eine der gewünschten geometr sehen kon-du.vh that Iodes parasitic electronic means m the rings one in the VerElement is designed as a monopole (5, Fig. 2), ratio to the radiation batteries to be generated via the switching diode (8) with the opposite very large number of parasitic Elements, n weight (4) is electrically connected. and that the 30 are evenly spaced from one another. Control pulses L ·, - the diode to the monopole via which E, a choke (7) are built up over a counterweight. will also see one of the desired geometries 3. Sendeantennensystem nach Anspruch I1 da- figuration des Strahlungsdiagramms entsprechende durch gekennzeichnet, daß j des parasitäre Anzahl von parasitären Elementen auf den einzelnai Element als Dipol (Fig.4) ausgebildet ist,dessen 35 Ringen immer gleichzeitig und for'la.uf.e"d .'" Dipolhälften (W A, WB) mittels der Schaltdiode zyklischer Folge mittels gesteuerter Schaltdiode3. Transmitter antenna system according to claim I 1 da- figuration of the radiation diagram corresponding characterized in that j of the parasitic number of parasitic elements on the single element is designed as a dipole (Fig.4), the 35 rings of which are always simultaneously and for ' la . uf . e " d . '" Dipole halves (WA, WB) by means of the switching diode, cyclical sequence by means of a controlled switching diode (19) elektrisch verbunden sind, und daß die wirksam gemacht.(19) are electrically connected, and that which is made effective. Steuerimpulse für die Diode über eine Drossel In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung können dieControl pulses for the diode via a choke. In a further embodiment of the invention, the (20) der einen Dipolhälfte (18/1) zugeführt wer- parasitären Elemente als Monopol oder als Dipole den, während die andere Dipolhälfte (18 ß) über 40 ausgeführt sein, und es können fur den Betneb eine weitere Drossel (21) mit dem Gegengewicht des Antennensystems in zwei verschiedenfrequenten verbunden ist. Bandern insgesamt vier Ringe von parasitären(20) the one dipole half (18/1) is fed to parasitic elements as a monopole or as dipoles den, while the other dipole half (18 ß) over 40, and it can be used for Betneb another choke (21) with the counterweight of the antenna system in two different frequencies connected is. Banding a total of four rings of parasitic
DE1953443A 1968-11-01 1969-10-23 Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon Expired DE1953443C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77268668A 1968-11-01 1968-11-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1953443A1 DE1953443A1 (en) 1970-05-27
DE1953443B2 DE1953443B2 (en) 1973-09-13
DE1953443C3 true DE1953443C3 (en) 1974-04-18

Family

ID=25095865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1953443A Expired DE1953443C3 (en) 1968-11-01 1969-10-23 Transmitting antenna system for a radio beacon

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3560978A (en)
JP (1) JPS4932239B1 (en)
BE (1) BE749080A (en)
BR (1) BR6913783D0 (en)
DE (1) DE1953443C3 (en)
ES (1) ES373060A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2022375B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1275579A (en)
SE (1) SE355270B (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US3560978A (en) 1971-02-02
FR2022375A1 (en) 1970-07-31
ES373060A1 (en) 1971-11-16
GB1275579A (en) 1972-05-24
BE749080A (en) 1970-10-19
DE1953443A1 (en) 1970-05-27
FR2022375B1 (en) 1975-08-22
BR6913783D0 (en) 1973-01-02
JPS4932239B1 (en) 1974-08-28
DE1953443B2 (en) 1973-09-13
SE355270B (en) 1973-04-09

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