DE19532359A1 - Biogas prodn. from high solids biomass - Google Patents
Biogas prodn. from high solids biomassInfo
- Publication number
- DE19532359A1 DE19532359A1 DE19532359A DE19532359A DE19532359A1 DE 19532359 A1 DE19532359 A1 DE 19532359A1 DE 19532359 A DE19532359 A DE 19532359A DE 19532359 A DE19532359 A DE 19532359A DE 19532359 A1 DE19532359 A1 DE 19532359A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- biogas
- percolation
- biomass
- acid buffer
- high solids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/44—Multiple separable units; Modules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/02—Percolation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Vergärung von feststoffreicher Biomasse haben das Defizit, daß sie in der Re gel zur Übersäuerung im Biogasreaktor neigen, als Folge unterschiedlicher Reaktionsge schwindigkeiten bei Hydrolyse, Acetatbildung und Methanisierung. Die Methanisierung mit der geringsten Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit stellt hierbei den prozeßbestimmenden Schritt dar. Ohne zusätzliche Beimpfung mit Methanbildnern werden nur geringe Abbauraten für Koh lenstoff und damit geringe Biogasausbeuten realisiert. Hinzu kommt, daß die Vermehrungs rate bei den Methanbildnern am geringsten ist.Processes for the fermentation of high-solids biomass have the deficit that they are in the Re gel tend to overacidify in the biogas reactor as a result of different reaction gels Hydrolysis, acetate and methanation rates. The methanization with The slowest reaction rate represents the process-determining step. Without additional inoculation with methane formers, only low degradation rates for Koh lenstoff and thus low biogas yields realized. Add to that the multiplication rate is the lowest among methane formers.
Die Erfindung entsprechend Anspruch stellt eine Lösung dar, wie feststoffreiche Biomasse bei hohen Kohlenstoffabbauraten und damit verbundenen hohen Biogasausbeuten vergoren werden kann. Sie bietet damit die Möglichkeit einer kostengünstigen und damit wirtschaftli chen Energieträgerbereitstellung aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen. Als Beispiele seien hierfür Mais und Gras.- Kleegemische genannt. Einer Vielzahl von Stellungnahmen und Veröffentli chungen ist zu entnehmen, daß der Anteil der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen für die Nah rungsmittelproduktion immer geringer wird. D.h. das Potential an Flächen für den gezielten Anbau von Biomasse zu Energieerzeugungszwecken wächst. Grundvoraussetzungen sind je doch, daß die Biomasse gut vergärbar ist (Kohlenstoff-Stickstoffverhältnis bei 15 bis 35 zu 1 und geringer Ligninanteil), daß das zur Anwendung kommende Verfahren einfach ist und eine hohe Dezentralität ermöglicht.The invention according to claim represents a solution such as high-solids biomass fermented at high carbon degradation rates and the associated high biogas yields can be. It thus offers the possibility of an inexpensive and therefore economical Chen provision of energy from renewable raw materials. As examples of this Corn and grass .-- called clover mixtures. A variety of statements and publications It can be seen that the share of agricultural land for the near food production is getting lower. I.e. the potential of areas for the targeted The cultivation of biomass for energy generation is growing. Basic requirements are each but that the biomass is easily fermentable (carbon-nitrogen ratio at 15 to 35 to 1 and low lignin content) that the method used is simple and enables a high level of decentralization.
Im folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung nä her erläutert. Die Zeichnung stellt das Verfahrensprinzip dar, hinsichtlich der Geometrie der Container-Module werden keine verfahrenstechnischen Anforderungen gestellt, sie könnten also auch rund sein.In the following, the method according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing ago explained. The drawing represents the principle of the process, with regard to the geometry of the Container modules have no procedural requirements, they could so be round too.
Die mit C1-C4 bezeichneten Container- Module werden einstufig, diskontinuierlich und me sophil (ca. 35°C) bei einem Trockensubstanzgehalt von 20-40% betrieben. Der Sickersaft der einzelnen Container-Module wird Taktweise, in Abhängigkeit von der Struktur und der Konsistenz des Haufwerkes abgezogen. Über einen gemeinsamen Sammelkanal werden die Sickersäfte dem Säurepuffer zugeführt. Hier erfolgt die Einstellung eines Mischgehaltes an Nährstoffen und Methanbildnern. Dieses Mischprodukt dient als Perkolationsmedium und wird durch ein Verteilersystem über dem Inhalt der Container-Module C1 bis C4 versprüht. Der Container-Modul C1 wird durch diese Vorgehensweise in seinem Nährstoffangebot re duziert und in seiner Methanbildneranzahl erhöht. Zugleich wird das ökologische Fenster, daß bedingt durch das Starten der biochemischen Reaktion geöffnet wurde, durch die Me thanbildnerspezies belegt, die sich in den Container-Modulen C2 bis C4 durchgesetzt hat. Eine zügige Überführung in einen stabilen Methanbildungsvorgang wird initiiert. Die Container-Module C2 und C3 befinden sich in der Phase der stabilen Methanbildung, d. h. die Nährstoffbereitstellung und die Methanisierung befinden sich hinsichtlich der Reaktionsge schwindigkeit in einem ausgewogenen Verhältnis. Im Container-Modul C3 erreicht die Me thanbildneranzahl ihr Maximum. Der Sickersaft aus den Container-Modulen C2 und C3 ent spricht hinsichtlich seiner Zusammensetzung Nährstoffgehalt und Methanbildneranzahl dem des Säurepuffers. Im Container-Modul C4 wird das Nährstoffangebot durch das Perkolati onsmedium erhöht, da die Nährstoffbereitstellung bereits abklingt. Die Gesamtverweilzeit der Biomasse im Reaktor wird hierdurch erhöht, ohne das dabei wesentlich die Gasprodukti onsrate (m³ Biogas/m³ Faulraum) sinkt. Dies führt zwangsläufig dazu, daß der Kohlenstoff umsatz im Container-Modul C4 erhöht wird.The container modules designated C1-C4 become single-stage, discontinuous and me sophil (approx. 35 ° C) operated with a dry matter content of 20-40%. The seep juice of the individual container modules is intermittent, depending on the structure and the Subtract consistency of the pile. The Infiltration juices are added to the acid buffer. This is where a mixed content is set Nutrients and methane formers. This mixed product serves as a percolation medium and is sprayed through a distribution system over the contents of the container modules C1 to C4. The container module C1 is re through this procedure in its nutrient supply reduced and increased in its methane generator number. At the same time, the ecological window that due to the start of the biochemical reaction was opened by the Me thanbildner species, which has established itself in the container modules C2 to C4. A rapid transition to a stable methane formation process is initiated. The Container modules C2 and C3 are in the phase of stable methane formation, i.e. H. the Nutrient supply and methanation are in terms of the reaction gene speed in a balanced ratio. In the container module C3, the Me number of formers their maximum. The seepage juice from the container modules C2 and C3 ent speaks with regard to its composition nutrient content and number of methane formers of the acid buffer. In the container module C4, the nutrient supply is provided by the percolati onsmedium increased because the supply of nutrients is already declining. The total dwell time the biomass in the reactor is thereby increased without significantly reducing the gas products onsrate (m³ biogas / m³ digestion) decreases. This inevitably leads to the carbon sales in the container module C4 is increased.
Abhängig von den eingesetzten Biomassen kann der Säurepuffer als inaktiver Tank oder als eigenständige Biogasanlage im thermophilen Temperaturbereich bei ca. 55°C betrieben wer den. Dies hat zur Folge, daß ein höherer Nährstoffumsatz bei geringerer Biogasqualität (Methangehalt) in Kauf genommen werden muß.Depending on the biomass used, the acid buffer can be used as an inactive tank or as independent biogas plant in the thermophilic temperature range at approx. 55 ° C the. This has the consequence that a higher nutrient conversion with lower biogas quality (Methane content) must be accepted.
Diese Vorgehensweise führt bei Feststoffvergärverfahren dazu, daß das startbedingte Defizit der zu schnellen Nährstoffbereitstellung durch das prozeßbedingte allmähliche Abklingen der biochemischen Reaktion kompensiert wird. Die Größe des Säurepuffers und die Zeitinterval le in denen die einzelnen Reaktoren gestartet werden, ist in erster Linie von der zu vergären den Biomasse abhängig. Das beispielhaft angegebene Intervall von 7 Tagen gilt für ein Mais/ Grasgemisch. Eine gezielte Einflußnahme auf den Methanbildungsvorgang in den Container- Modulen C1 bis C4 erfolgt lediglich über den Durchfluß an Perkolationsmedium bei konstan tem Füllstand. Hierdurch kann schneller Nährstoff reduziert bzw. angereichert werden.This procedure leads to the start-related deficit in solid fermentation processes the too rapid supply of nutrients due to the process-related gradual decay of the biochemical reaction is compensated. The size of the acid buffer and the time interval le in which the individual reactors are started is primarily fermented by the depending on the biomass. The interval of 7 days given as an example applies to a maize / Grass mixture. A targeted influence on the methane formation process in the container Modules C1 to C4 only take place via the flow of percolation medium at constant level. This allows nutrients to be reduced or enriched more quickly.
Ein zusätzlicher positiver Effekt ist der, daß die Gasverfügbarkeit trotz des diskontinuierli chen Betriebs der Container-Module C1 bis C4 nie unter 3/4 der Maximalverfügbarkeit sinkt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß die nachgeschaltete Verbrauchseinrichtung BHKW zur Strom- und Wärmebereitstellung ohne große Speichervorhaltung betrieben werden kann.An additional positive effect is that the gas availability despite the discontinuous operation of the container modules C1 to C4 never drops below 3/4 of the maximum availability. This ensures that the downstream CHP unit for electricity and heat supply can be operated without large storage reserves.
Durch dieses einfache Verfahrensprinzip ist es möglich, den technischen Aufwand (Anzahl und Leistung von Pumpen, Ausgestaltung mit Prozeß-, Meß- und Regeltechnik) zu reduzie ren.This simple process principle enables the technical effort (number and performance of pumps, design with process, measurement and control technology) to reduce ren.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19532359A DE19532359C2 (en) | 1995-09-01 | 1995-09-01 | Process for the production of biogas from solid biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19532359A DE19532359C2 (en) | 1995-09-01 | 1995-09-01 | Process for the production of biogas from solid biomass |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19532359A1 true DE19532359A1 (en) | 1997-03-06 |
DE19532359C2 DE19532359C2 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
Family
ID=7771064
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19532359A Expired - Fee Related DE19532359C2 (en) | 1995-09-01 | 1995-09-01 | Process for the production of biogas from solid biomass |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE19532359C2 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0934998A2 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-11 | Manfred Prof. Dr. Hoffmann | Method and device for the methanation of biomasses |
DE19828889A1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 1999-12-23 | Schulte Siering Eberhard | Biogas production by co-fermentation of harvested crops and organic waste |
DE19947339A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-12 | Wolfgang Tentscher | Agricultural methane generator reactor has sub-surface inlet accelerating fermentation |
DE19951929A1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-10 | Xaver Lipp | Process for the recovery of a gaseous energy carrier, especially methane comprises crushing plant raw material, filling the raw material into a digestion container and collecting the energy carrier produced |
DE102004053615B3 (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-18 | Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus | Degradation of biogenic material |
EP1749883A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-07 | agraferm technologies AG | Biogas plant and module for a biogas plant |
DE102006040799A1 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-20 | Arno Fudel | Production of biogas by fermentation, involves alternate liquid build-up with an intermittent rhythm between complete overage of substrate and transfer of bacteria-rich fermentation liquid to parallel fermenters |
WO2009000309A1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2008-12-31 | MEISSNER, Jan, A. | Biogas plant with solids fermentation and methane production in the recirculating percolate tank |
DE102010017818A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-18 | Meissner, Jan A. | Process and plant for the production of CBM (Compressed BioMethane) as greenhouse gas-free fuel |
EP2428559A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-14 | Pöttinger Entsorgungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Biogas assembly, method for its operation and reactor unit for same |
EA016292B1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-03-30 | Бикон Энерджи Текнолоджиз Гмбх Унд Ко.Кг | Biogas plant for methanizing biomass having a high solids fraction |
US8759083B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2014-06-24 | Bekon Energy Technologies Gmbh & Co., Kg | Bioreactor for methanization of biomass having a high solids fraction |
DE102014011479A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Christoph Bürger | New process for the fermentation of biogenic energy sources |
EP3354718A1 (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-01 | HERBST Umwelttechnik GmbH | Device and method for creating biogas |
CN112661366A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南军信环保股份有限公司 | Method and system for cooperative sludge dewatering treatment of aged leachate of refuse landfill |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008015609A1 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-01 | Markus Dallinger | Producing biogas e.g. methane gas during a multi-step process from solid biomass e.g. solid dung, comprises carrying out a hydrolysis process and an acidification process and then a methane formation process in a spatially separated manner |
DE102014011447A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | S+B Service Und Betrieb Gmbh | Combined Hydrolysis Fermentation Apparatus |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0152730A1 (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-08-28 | L'Etat belge, représenté par le Secrétaire Général des Services de la Programmation de la Politique Scientifique | Process for the preparation of methane by anaerobic digestion of organic materials |
DE4409487A1 (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1995-04-13 | Steffen Ingenieurgesellschaft | Process and system for the fermentation of biogenic/organic crude waste |
DE4444462A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-20 | Haase Energietech Gmbh | Anaerobic digestion of organic material |
-
1995
- 1995-09-01 DE DE19532359A patent/DE19532359C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0152730A1 (en) * | 1983-12-15 | 1985-08-28 | L'Etat belge, représenté par le Secrétaire Général des Services de la Programmation de la Politique Scientifique | Process for the preparation of methane by anaerobic digestion of organic materials |
DE4409487A1 (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1995-04-13 | Steffen Ingenieurgesellschaft | Process and system for the fermentation of biogenic/organic crude waste |
DE4444462A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-20 | Haase Energietech Gmbh | Anaerobic digestion of organic material |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0934998A2 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-11 | Manfred Prof. Dr. Hoffmann | Method and device for the methanation of biomasses |
EP0934998A3 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2000-02-09 | Manfred Prof. Dr. Hoffmann | Method and device for the methanation of biomasses |
DE19828889A1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 1999-12-23 | Schulte Siering Eberhard | Biogas production by co-fermentation of harvested crops and organic waste |
DE19947339A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-12 | Wolfgang Tentscher | Agricultural methane generator reactor has sub-surface inlet accelerating fermentation |
DE19947339B4 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2005-02-24 | Tentscher, Wolfgang, Dr. | Process and plant for the production and treatment of biogas |
DE19951929A1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-10 | Xaver Lipp | Process for the recovery of a gaseous energy carrier, especially methane comprises crushing plant raw material, filling the raw material into a digestion container and collecting the energy carrier produced |
DE102004053615B3 (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-18 | Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus | Degradation of biogenic material |
EP1749883A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-07 | agraferm technologies AG | Biogas plant and module for a biogas plant |
US8759083B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 | 2014-06-24 | Bekon Energy Technologies Gmbh & Co., Kg | Bioreactor for methanization of biomass having a high solids fraction |
DE102006040799A1 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-20 | Arno Fudel | Production of biogas by fermentation, involves alternate liquid build-up with an intermittent rhythm between complete overage of substrate and transfer of bacteria-rich fermentation liquid to parallel fermenters |
US9963665B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2018-05-08 | Jan A. Meissner | Biogas plant and process for the production of biogas from ligneous renewable resources |
WO2009000309A1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2008-12-31 | MEISSNER, Jan, A. | Biogas plant with solids fermentation and methane production in the recirculating percolate tank |
EA016292B1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-03-30 | Бикон Энерджи Текнолоджиз Гмбх Унд Ко.Кг | Biogas plant for methanizing biomass having a high solids fraction |
US8236554B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2012-08-07 | Bekon Energy Technologies Gmbh & Co., Kg | Biogas plant for methanizing biomass having a high solids fraction |
DE102010017818A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-18 | Meissner, Jan A. | Process and plant for the production of CBM (Compressed BioMethane) as greenhouse gas-free fuel |
WO2011101137A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-25 | Meissner, Jan A. | Method and system for the production of cbm (compressed biomethane) as a greenhouse gas-reduced fuel |
EP2428559A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-14 | Pöttinger Entsorgungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Biogas assembly, method for its operation and reactor unit for same |
DE102014011479A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Christoph Bürger | New process for the fermentation of biogenic energy sources |
EP3354718A1 (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-01 | HERBST Umwelttechnik GmbH | Device and method for creating biogas |
WO2018138368A1 (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-02 | Herbst Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Method and device for producing biogas |
US11312932B2 (en) | 2017-01-30 | 2022-04-26 | Herbst Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Method and device for producing biogas |
CN112661366A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南军信环保股份有限公司 | Method and system for cooperative sludge dewatering treatment of aged leachate of refuse landfill |
CN112661366B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-07-05 | 湖南军信环保股份有限公司 | Method and system for cooperative sludge dewatering treatment of aged leachate of refuse landfill |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19532359C2 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
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