DE1952986A1 - Bi-stable pneumatic cell with five paths, especially for use in ventilation devices - Google Patents

Description

1952386

Dr.Ing. ERNST MAIER

PATE NTANWAI.T
MUNICH 22

WIDK NMAVERBTR. S £ {θο11) 222ίϊ3Ο, 2ϋΛ19ϋ

A 41069 October 21, 1969

Ml / S c

Mr ROBERT METIVIER, 49 rue du Docteur Blanche, PARIS . France

Bi-stable pneumatic cell with five 'ways, especially for use in ventilators

The invention relates to a pneumatic bistable cell with five ways, which is used in particular for the production of a pneumatic double oscillator. There are already Various bistable pneumatic devices are known which are used as the basic element for a pneumatic oscillator can be. The known devices include the classic ones pneumatic distributor with five V.egen or the bistable outlets with wall or Coanda effect.

classic distributor with five ways, which is pressure-controlled, has the disadvantage that when it is used for

009819 / U12

Krttttpmkasie Sdirambera 51 588 Bankhaus Merd ;, Find & Co., Munich, No. 25464 I Bankhaui H. Aufhauser, Mönchen, No. 261 300 Poilithedti Munich 153861 Telearammadretiei Patentienior

BATH ORIGINAL

Structure of a pneumatic oscillator is not a negligible one Has switching time when the control pressure increases progressively. To get a virtually instant envelope is it is necessary to sound a pole valve between the timing arrangement of the oscillator and the control of the distributor, the converts the progressive control pressure into a sudden pressure pulse.

On the other hand, the bistable passage has a changing effect a constant demand and substantial consumption of completely pure and dry gas and requires an output amplifier.

The invention is intended to eliminate these disadvantages of the known devices, and one in particular is intended

ψ simple device can be created.

The bistable pneumatic cell is used for this purpose ■ five paths that have a corpus in which there is an entrance opening is becauseche with a pressurized gas source in connection stands, as well as a first and second outlet opening and a first and second exhaust opening, characterized in that, that with the inlet opening a central feed chamber

009819/1412

is in connection, in which there is a freely movable piston valve located that first and second outlet chambers in one There are intermediate positions, which are connected to the central feed-in ' solution chamber are connected via first and second connection openings and also with the first and second outlet openings and the first and second exhaust ports are connected so that first and second flapper valves are freely movable in the first and second discharge chambers for closing the first and second discharge openings are included, a first and a second The plunger is so mounted outside the first and second outlet chambers in such a position relative to the first and second blow-out openings are that .3ie through the exhaust openings in the Inside the outlet chambers, the flap valves from the exhaust openings able to lift off, and that a first and second actuating device for the plunger are provided to the to cause the flap valves to open.

The actuators for the tappets can be mechanical, be pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or similar. Such an actuating device preferably has for the tappet on a membrane with which the tappet

009819 / U12

BATH ORIGINAL

is connected, which closes a control chamber into which a control pressure can be introduced to the membrane and the plunger in Towards the flap valve.

When using a pneumatic control of the bistable cell according to the invention this can with a whole work slowly increasing pressure and still cause a practically instantaneous switching of the cell. With pneumatic Control, the bistable cell still offers the advantage over the bistable passage paths with wall effect, that compressed gas is only consumed during the switching process 'will.

The bistable pneumatic cell according to the invention is particularly suitable for a pneumatic double oscillator Ee is sufficient to have a pneumatic timing device between to insert every exit port and every pneumatic fire chamber.

The following is a non-limiting embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing is, a bistable pneumatic cell with five ways

009819 / U12

described according to the invention, which switched as a double oscillator is, the drawing represents a longitudinal section through the cell.

The bistable pneumatic cell consists of a body 1, which is preferably made of a plastic material and consists of a multitude of individual parts which are joined together, albeit in the drawing the corpus is shown as a contiguous block for the sake of simplicity.

Inside the body 1, which has a substantially cylindrical shape with a longitudinal axis of symmetry xx ¹ and a plane of symmetry yy ¹ , there are several chambers, namely an inlet or middle feed chamber 2, two intermediate outlet chambers 3 and 4, symmetrical to the Symmetry plane yy ^f , and two outer outflow chambers 5 and 6, which are also symmetrical to the symmetry plane yy ^1.

The middle chamber 2 is connected at its two outer ends via a line or an inlet channel 7, which also connects the chamber to an external conduit 8,

- β 0 0 9 8 1 9 / U 1 2 BAD

1952988

which connects to a compressed air source. In the interior of the central chamber 2 there is a slide 9 which is formed by a very easily movable free piston. The slide has a cylindrical piston skirt 9a and a central transverse plate 9b and thus divides the inlet chamber 2 into two parts 2a and 2b. The slide 9 represents a flap valve for the connection sopenings 10 and 11, which ^{lie on the axis xx 1} and connect the middle chamber with the two middle output chambers 5 and 4. In the chambers 5 and 4, further flap valves 12 and 13 are key-shaped Shape, inserted easily movable. These flap valves have the task of closing the outflow openings 14 and 15, which establish the connection between the outlet chamber 3 and the outflow chamber 5 on the one hand and the outlet chamber 4 and the outflow chamber 6 on the other.

Exit openings 16 and 17, which run through the Corpus 1,

form a connection between chambers ″) and 4 and output lines 18 and 19.

The outflow chambers 5 and 6 are with the open air over Openings 21 and 22 in connection. Located in chambers 5 and 6

- 7 -00981971412

oriqi _NAl

there are also piston tappets 2J and 2k, which are controlled by two slack diaphragms 25 and 26. In the corpus, the slack membranes close off the two discharge chambers 5 and 6 from control chambers 27 and 28, into which control orifices 29 and j5l e ^ n control pressure medium can be introduced.

The mode of operation of the pneumatic bistable cell will now be described independently of its application in a pneumatic double oscillator. If the feed line 8 is connected to a compressed air source, the piston valve 9, which is very light and practically never occupies an equilibrium position in the middle of the chamber 2, is pressed against one or the other connection opening 10 or 11 under the influence of the compressed air. As an example, let us assume that when the compressed air is supplied to the chamber 2, the piston valve 9 is just in contact with the opening 11. The two sections 2a and 2b of the central chamber 2 are equally exposed to the pressure of the air supplied, but the air that is located in the chamber 2a can act on the entire surface of the piston separating walls whether the piston valve 9, while the pressure in the

I chamber 2b only on the outer ring zone of the piston partition ^!

can act so that it is understandable that the flap valve 9 '

009819 / U12

BATH ORIGINAL

is still pressed against the opening 11 with the resulting differential pressure. Now, since the spool 9, the opening 10 does not close, the chamber 5 obtained nevertheless' the same pressure, whereby the flap valve 12 overall to its seat ψ is suppressed, and the blow-out opening 14 verschießt, while compressed air from the outlet opening 16 in the output line 18 ge. is enough. Since the flap valve 1J is not pressed onto its seat, there is atmospheric pressure in the chamber 4 and thus also in the outlet line.

In the first stable position of the bistable pneumatic Cell according to the invention thus prevails in the outlet line 18, the pressure of the supplied air, while in the line I9 Atmospheric pressure prevails "

If a control overpressure is now introduced into the chamber 27. which is done via the opening 29, the diaphragm receives 25 on its' left side of this control pressure, while atmospheric pressure is present on the right side, is orjnt feature whereby the membrane and flexes to the right and thus also moves the plunger 23rd This now passes through the opening 14 and lifts the flap valve 12 from its seat. The chambers 3 and 2a

0.098 19 / U 12

BATH ORIGINAL

are instantly connected to the atmosphere and deflate as the pressure decreases. In contrast to this, the chamber 2b can only move through the annular gap between the piston skirt 9a of the piston slide 9 and empty the inner wall of the chamber, which happens very slowly, so that the pressure in this chamber is always greater than the pressure in the sub-chamber 2a. Under the influence of the resulting Pressure difference, the piston valve 9 is moved to the left and lays against the opening 10, which he closes with it. At this moment the connection between the Compressed air source and the chamber 3 interrupted, and the pressure in this chamber J5 and the connected line 18 drops and remains at the value of atmospheric pressure.

At the same time, the outlet chamber 4 is connected to the Entry chamber 2 and fills with the compressed air. The pressure acting on the flap valve 1J pushes it to the right against it its Üitz, whereby the opening 15 is closed. the Compressed air now flows through the channel 17 into the output line 19. The pneumatic bistable cell thus has its second stable position assumed in which the output line I9 is under pressure, while atmospheric pressure prevails in the other outlet line 18 »

009819 / U12 - 10 -

BAD OBlGlNAU

1952988

- ίο -

If a control pressure is now fed to the chamber 28 again, which takes place via the opening 3I, the H just described runs Process in the opposite direction again. The membrane 26 moves the plunger 24 to the left, which in turn the flap valve I5 lifts off its seat. The chamber 4 then comes into contact with the atmospheric pressure via the opening 15, and the resulting pressure difference in the chambers 2a and 2b ensures that the piston valve 9 is again against the opening 11, with which the pneumatic cell then takes up the first stable position again.

With the various' possible forms of application the control of the tappets 25 and 24 can also be carried out in other ways, e.g. mechanically, hydraulically or even electrically.

It will now be described how a double oscillator is created with the aid of the bistable pneumatic cell according to the invention can be realized. For this purpose, the training

passage line 18 with the opening 29 of the control chamber 27 ″ over a clock generator arrangement is connected, which contains a controllable throttle point 52, a check valve 55 and a memory 34,

009819 / U12

yrobei the adjustable throttle body 52 and the check valve are inserted parallel to one another in the line 18 and the memory Jk is connected to the opening 29 via a line 55. Likewise, the other output line 19 is connected to the inlet opening 51 of the control chamber 28 via a second timing arrangement, which contains a controllable throttle part 57 *, a check valve 58 and a memory 59, with the controllable throttle point 57 and the non-return valve 8 parallel to each other in this case too the line I9 and are connected to the opening J1 via the memory 59 and a line ^ 1.

The mode of operation of the double oscillator i just described is now as follows: '

If the feed line 8 is connected to a compressed air source, thus one of the output lines of the bistable pneumatic cell, e.g. line 18, is pressurized as it was before described earlier. The compressed air that prevails in the output line 18 is via the time control

Order 52, 53 · 5 ^ converted into a delayed control pressure _t S which is transmitted to the control chamber 27 via the line JS. This pressure acts on the left-hand surface of the membrane 25

- 12 -

009819 / U 12 _βΑ0

and causes virtually instantaneous flipping of the pneumatic bistable cell. From this moment on, the other output line I9 receives the overpressure, whereas the output line 18 has atmospheric pressure. The memory 34 can be emptied very quickly via the check valve 33. The second time control arrangement 37, 58, 59 now converts the pressure prevailing in the output line 19 into a delayed control pressure which is fed to the control chamber 28 via the line 41. The control pressure acts on the membrane 26 and causes the bistable pneumatic cell to switch over again, so that it returns from the second position to the first position. The intended work cycle proceeds in the manner described, with the output lines 18 and 19 alternately receiving the pressure. The delays introduced by the two timing control arrangements 52, 33, 34 and 37, 38, 39 are independent of one another and can be set completely separately from one another, which is done by adjusting the throttle points 32 and 37. Optionally, these throttling points 32 and 37 can also have a constant passage cross-section, and in order to set the delay of the two timing arrangements it is possible to change the volumes of the reservoirs J> k and 39. One of the output channels, in the example shown

- 13 0 0 9819 / HI 2

BATH ORIGINAL

the channel 18 can with the interposition of an adjustable throttle point 42 (to control the amount of air released) to an organ that is to be periodically supplied with compressed air, such as a respiratory mask.

It goes without saying that the exemplary embodiment described can be modified in numerous ways without thereby departing from the scope of the invention, and that this example is only illustrative. Thus, the bistable cell according to the invention also works with a liquid instead of a gas, the blow-off openings 21 and 22 then being connected by return lines to a reservoir containing the liquid.

009819/1412 claims

"BAD OBlQlNAL

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS / f) bistable pneumatic cell with five ways with one Corpus in which there is an inlet port connected to a source of pressurized gas, and the first and second exit ports and first and second blow-off ports has, characterized by a central feed chamber (2) which is connected to the feed opening (7) and a freely movable Contains piston valve (9), the »by a light Piston is formed, lying in a central position first and second output chambers (3, 4), both with the middle Feed chamber (2) via first and second connecting paths (10, 11) are in communication and also with the first and second exit openings (16, 17) and the first and second Blow-off port (14, 15) are in communication, first and second the Flap valves (12, 1J), freely movable in the first and second intermediate exit chamber (3, 4) are included to close the first and second exhaust openings (14, 15), first and second plungers (23, 24) outside the first and second exit chamber (3, 4) in such a position to the first ■ {■■ - · ' - 15 009819/1412 and second blow-out openings (14, 15) are attached so that they penetrate through these and inside the outlet chambers Flap valves. (12 and 13) from the exhaust openings (14, 15) able to lift off, and first and second actuating devices (25, 26) for the plunger (23, 24) for optionally opening the first and second flap valves (12, I3) 2. Cell according to claim 1, characterized in that each actuating device for the plunger has a membrane (25, 26), with which the plunger (23, 24) is connected, which closes a control chamber (27 # 28) to which a control pressure can be supplied is to move the diaphragm and the plunger in the direction of the butterfly valve. 3. Cell according to claim 2, characterized in that two pneumatic time control arrangements (32, 33 # 3 ² Oi (37 * 38, 39) with separately adjustable time constants between the first and second outlet openings (16 and 17) and the first and second control chambers (27 and 28) closed by the two diaphragms (25, 26) which actuate the first and second plungers (23, 24) are inserted in such a way that the bistable pneumatic cell forms a double pneumatic oscillator. 0 C 9 8 1 9 / U 1 2 " ^1C " _ßA0 .H. Cell according to Claim 5, characterized in that each time control arrangement has a throttle point (32, 37) and a. Check valve '(33 * 38), which are placed parallel to one another in an output line (18, I9) of the bistable cell, and a memory (34, 39) via a line (35, 41) the parallel connection with the control chamber (27, 28) connects. 5. Cell according to claim 4, characterized in that the Throttle point (32, 37) has an adjustable cross section. 6. Cell according to claim H, characterized in that the capacitance (3 ² J, 39) has an adjustable volume. 7. Cell according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that that one of the output channels (18) of the pneumatic oscillator with the interposition of a controllable throttle point (42) with a device that is periodically fed with pressurized gas, ζ.Ξ. a ventilation mask. 0 G 9 8 1 9 / ^Λ '* ¹ ' 2