DE19523120A1 - High viscosity aq. compsn. for hard surface cleaning e.g. dishwashing - Google Patents

Abstract

An aq. compsn. with raised viscosity contains: (a) fatty acid N-alkylpoly-hydroxyalkylamide; and (b) alkyl and/or alkenyl oligo-glycoside in ratio by wt. of 80:20-40:60. Also claimed is use of alkyl and/or alkenyl oligo-glycoside as thickeners for aq. compsns. of fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxy alkylamide.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to aqueous preparations with increased viscosity, containing two Sugar surfactants in selected mixing ratios and the use of glucosides for thickening aqueous preparations of fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides.

State of the art

Many applications of surfactant formulations in the field of body cleaning and cleaning of hard surfaces requires the setting of a suitable viscosity. Especially in dilute aqueous systems based on nonionic surfactants from Glucamide type prepares the setting of a sufficiently high viscosity, which is simple Dosing on the one hand and a slow running on inclined surfaces on the other hand ensures Problems.

Of course, a large number of thickeners are from the prior art known to which, in addition to electrolyte salts and fatty acid alkanolamides, also ethoxylated fat alcohols [EP-A2 0 343 463 (Henkel)], highly ethoxylated glycerol fatty acid esters [DE-A1 41 37 317 (Henkel)], behenyltrimethylammonium salts and sulphate-type amphoteric surfactants count [Parf. Cosm. 76, 42 (1995)]. Glucamides themselves are known to be Ver thickeners are suitable for aqueous solutions of paraffin sulfonates or ether sulfates [DE- A1 37 11 776 (Hüls)].  

In practice, however, fatty acid glucamides prove to be particularly difficult thickenable. Add to that the presence of various thickeners either out ecotoxicological or application-related reasons in the context of a cosmetic Use is often undesirable.

The complex object of the invention was therefore to prepare aqueous preparations to provide solutions based on sugar surfactants <which are simultaneously high foaming and cleaning capacity and in the absence of conventional thickeners characterized by an advantageously high viscosity.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to aqueous preparations with increased viscosity, containing

• a) Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides and
• b) alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides

in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 40:60, preferably 60:40 to 40:60 and in particular 60: 40 to 50: 50.

Surprisingly, it has been found that aqueous preparations which contain the two sugar surfactants in the stated mixing ratios have a viscosity which is 10 to 50 times higher than that of conventional solutions of the individual sugar surfactants. A particularly advantageous thickening is observed in the case of mixtures of C _16-18 fatty acid N-methylglucamides with C _8/10 alkyl oligoglucosides in a weight ratio of 60:40 to 50:50.

Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides

Fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are nonionic surfactants, which the For follow mel (I),

in the R¹CO for an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R² for Hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 3 is up to 10 hydroxyl groups.

The fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are known substances usually by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, ei nem fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride can be obtained. With regard to the Processes for their production are based on US Pat. Nos. 1,985,424 and 2,016,962 and US 2,703,798 and international patent application WO 92/06984. A An overview of this topic by H. Kelkenberg can be found in Tens. Surf. Det. 25, 8 (1988).

The fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are preferably derived from reduie sugar with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, especially from glucose. The before Preferred fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides are therefore fatty acid N-alkylglucamides are represented by the formula (II):

Preferably used as the fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides are glucamides of the formula (II) in which R 2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group and R 1 CO is the acyl radical of caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, Oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid or erucic acid or their technical mixtures. Fatty acid N-alkyl-glucamides of the formula (II) which are obtained by reductive amination of glucose with methylamine and subsequent acylation with stearic acid, C _12/18 coconut _fatty acid and in particular C _16/18 tallow fatty acid or a corresponding derivative are particularly preferred will. Furthermore, the polyhydroxyalkyl amides can also be derived from maltose and palatinose.

The use of the fatty acid N-alkylpolyhydroxyalkylamides is the subject of Variety of publications. In French patent application FR-A 1 580 491 (Henkel) are aqueous detergent mixtures based on sulfates and / or sulfonates, Nonionic surfactants and optionally soaps are disclosed, the fatty acid N-alkylglucamides as foam regulators included. Mixtures of short and long chain glucamides are used in the German patent DE-C1 44 00 632 (Henkel) described. In the German Offenle Gungsschriften DE-A1 42 36 958 and DE-A1 43 09 567 (Henkel) is also on the one set of glucamides with longer alkyl residues than pseudoceramides in skin care products and on combinations of glucamides with protein hydrolyzates and cationic surfactants in Hair care products reported.

Subject of the international patent applications WO 92/06153; 06156; 06157; 06158; 06159 and 06160 (Procter & Gamble) are mixtures of fatty acid N-alkylgluca miden with anionic surfactants, surfactants with sulfate and / or sulfonate structure, ether carbon acids, ether sulfates, methyl ester sulfonates and nonionic surfactants. The usage these substances in a wide variety of detergents, detergents and cleaning agents are used in national patent applications WO 92/06152; 06154; 06155; 06161; 06162; 06164; 06170; 06171 and 06172 (Procter & Gamble).

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides

Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides are known nonionic surfactants that the Follow formula (III),

R³O- [G] _p (III)

in the R³ for an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G for one Sugar residue with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p stands for numbers from 1 to 10. You can can be obtained according to the relevant procedures of preparative organic chemistry. Representative of the extensive literature on EP-A1-0 301 298 and WO 90/03977.

The alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can differ from aldoses or ketoses 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably derived from glucose. The preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides.

The index number p in the general formula (III) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP Degrees), d. H. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides and stands for a number between 1 and 10. While p must always be an integer in a given connection and here can assume the values p = 1 to 6, the value p is for a specific one Alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically calculated quantity, usually a fraction Represents number. Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with a medium Degree of oligomerization p used from 1.1 to 3.0. From an application perspective those alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides preferred whose degree of oligomerization is smaller is 1.7 and is in particular between 1.2 and 1.4.

The alkyl or alkenyl radical R³ can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, as obtained, for example, in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis. Alkyl oligoglucosides of the chain length C₈-C₁₀ (DP = 1 to 3) are preferred, which are obtained as a preliminary step in the separation of technical C₈-C₁ Kok coconut fatty alcohol by distillation and can be contaminated with a proportion of less than 6% by weight of C₁₂ alcohol and also Alkyl oligoglucosides based on technical C _9/11 oxo alcohols (DP = 1 to 3). The alkyl or alkenyl radical R³ can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, as described above, which can be obtained as described above. Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hardened C _12/14 coconut alcohol with a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.

The preparations according to the invention can contain the sugar surfactants a) and b) in quantities from 1 to 25 and preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the preparations.

Surfactants

The aqueous preparations can be further anionic, nonionic, cationic and / or contain amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants.

Typical examples of anionic surfactants are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, Olefin sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, α-methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfate fate, monoglyceride (ether) sulfate, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfate, mono- and dialkyl sulfosucci nates, mono- and dialkyl sulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, acyl lactylates, Acyl tartrates, acyl glutamates, acyl aspartates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, protein fatty acid con densate (especially vegetable products based on wheat) and alkyl (ether) phosphate. Like this If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional nelle, but preferably have a narrow homolog distribution.

Typical examples of nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkyl phenol polyglycol ether, fatty acid polyglycol ester, fatty acid amide polyglycol ether, Fettaminpo lyglycol ethers, alkoxylated triglycerides, mixed ethers or mixed formals, protein hydrolyzates (especially vegetable products based on wheat or soy), polyol fatty acid esters, Sugar esters, sorbitan esters, polysorbates and amine oxides. Unless the nonionic surfactants Containing polyglycol ether chains, these can be conventional, but preferably one have narrow homolog distribution.

Typical examples of cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium compounds and ester quats, especially quaternized fatty acid trialkanolamine ester salts.  

Typical examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are alkyl betaines, Alkyl amido betaines, aminopropionates, aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfo betaine.

The surfactants mentioned are exclusively known compounds. With regard to the structure and manufacture of these substances, see relevant reviews for example J. Falbe (ed.), "Surfactants in Consumer Products", Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1987, pp. 54-124 or J. Falbe (ed.), "Catalysts, surfactants and mineral oil additives", Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1978, pp. 123-217.

Industrial applicability

The preparations according to the invention have an advantageously high viscosity and also has excellent foaming and cleaning properties. They are therefore suitable for the Manufacture of liquid cleaning agents for hard surfaces, such as Hand dishwashing liquid, sanitary or window cleaner.

The preparations according to the invention can preferably be used as further surfactants Fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, betaines and / or Fatty acid alkanolamides in amounts of 1 to 25% by weight and preferably 3 to 15% by weight. based on the preparations - included. It should be noted that the total surfactant content, i.e. the sum of the amounts of the two sugar surfactants a) and b) and optionally the above-mentioned co-surfactants in the range from 1 to 50 and preferably 5 is up to 35% by weight. Conversely, the water content of the preparations can be around 50 to 95 % By weight and is preferably 65 to 85% by weight.

Depending on the intended use, the preparations can contain other auxiliaries included, as there are for example: liquid builders (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilo triacetic acid), alkalis, solubilizers (ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexy lenglycol, toluenesulfonate, cumene sulfonate), electrolyte salts (sodium chloride, magnesium chloride rid) as well as colors and fragrances.  

Examples

The viscosity of different mixtures of glucosides and glucamides with one Total surfactant content of 10 wt .-% was in a viscometer type DV II after the Brookfield method (20 ° C, spindle 25, 30 rpm, pH = 7.5). The results are in Table 1 summarized:

Table 1

Viscosity measurements

Claims (8)

1. Aqueous preparations with increased viscosity, containing

• a) Fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides and
• b) alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides

in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 40:60. 2. Preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides of the formula (I), in which R¹CO represents an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R² for hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, as a thickener for aqueous preparations of Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides. 3. Preparations according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they are C₁₆-C₁₈- Contain fatty acid-N-methylglucamide. 4. Preparations according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they are alkyl and Contain alkenyl oligoglycosides of the formula (III), R³O- [G] p (III) in the R³ for an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G for a sugar residue with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p represents numbers from 1 to 10.   5. Preparations according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they are C₈-C₁₀ Contain alkyl oligoglucosides. 6. Preparations according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that they have more Contain surfactants selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, betaines and fatty acid alkanolamides. 7. Use of alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides as thickeners for aqueous preparations of fatty acid N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamides.