DE19517897A1 - Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical one - Google Patents

Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical one

Info

Publication number
DE19517897A1
DE19517897A1 DE19517897A DE19517897A DE19517897A1 DE 19517897 A1 DE19517897 A1 DE 19517897A1 DE 19517897 A DE19517897 A DE 19517897A DE 19517897 A DE19517897 A DE 19517897A DE 19517897 A1 DE19517897 A1 DE 19517897A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fluid
energy
thermal energy
mechanical
thermal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19517897A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Rolf Dr Gartmann
Joerk Gartmann
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19517897A priority Critical patent/DE19517897A1/en
Publication of DE19517897A1 publication Critical patent/DE19517897A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

In the conversion of the thermal into a mechanical energy a fluid is subjected to a circulating process. For utilising of temp. differences below 100 deg.C a coolant is used as the fluid. Pref. solar energy is used as the thermal one, but geothermal energy may also be used. Typically the thermal energy is subjected to buffer storage. The fluid is evaporated by heat supply, the vapour drives a turbine, and the fluid condensed after mechanical energy generation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Umsetzen thermischer Energie in mechanische Energie, bei dem ein Fluid einem Kreisprozeß unterworfen wird. Das Fluid wird durch Wärmezufuhr verdampft; mit dem Fluiddampf wird eine Kraftmaschine angetrieben, vorzugsweise eine Dampfturbine, wobei mechanische Energie abgegeben wird und das Fluid wieder kondensiert.The invention relates to a method for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy in which a fluid undergoes a cyclic process becomes. The fluid is evaporated by the application of heat; with the fluid vapor an engine driven, preferably a steam turbine, wherein mechanical energy is released and the fluid condenses again.

Bekanntlich ist dabei der thermische Wirkungsgrad umso besser, je größer die Temperaturdifferenz bei dem Kreisprozeß ist. Aus diesem Grunde werden Temperaturdifferenzen unter etwa 100°C nicht zur Umsetzung in mechanische Energie genutzt, sondern allenfalls zur Beheizung von Gebäuden und dergleichen.As is well known, the greater the thermal efficiency, the better is the temperature difference in the cycle. For this reason Temperature differences below about 100 ° C not for conversion into mechanical Energy used, but at most for heating buildings and the like.

Es gibt aber Fälle, bei denen thermische Energie etwa in Form der Sonnenstrahlung zur Verfügung steht, aber mechanische Energie, etwa zum Antrieb eines Elektrogenerators, benötigt wird. Mittels geeigneter Kollektoren kann die Sonnenwärme zum Aufheizen eines Wärmeträgers, etwa Wasser, auf Temperaturen unterhalb des Siedepunktes benutzt werden. Als Wärmesenke steht dann beispielsweise ein Keller oder ein schattiger Raum zur Verfügung.However, there are cases where thermal energy is in the form of Solar radiation is available, but mechanical energy, such as Drive an electric generator, is required. By means of suitable Collectors can use the sun's heat to heat up a heat transfer medium, for example Water to be used at temperatures below the boiling point. As  The heat sink is then, for example, a basement or a shady room to disposal.

Für die Nutzung solcher Temperaturdifferenzen unter dem Siedepunkt des Wassers schlägt die Erfindung vor, ein Kältemittel als dem Kreisprozeß unterworfenes Fluid einzusetzen. Ein geeignetes Kältemittel wäre beispielsweise 1.1-Dichlor-1-Fluorethan mit einem Siedepunkt von 32°C bei Atmosphärendruck; diese Substanz ist für übliche Kältemaschinen kaum geeignet. Geht man von einer Temperatur T1 der Wärmesenke von 20°C = 293°K und einer Temperatur der Wärmequelle T2 von 80°C = 353°K aus, so ergibt sich der thermische Wirkungsgrad w = 1-T1/T2 = 0,17.For the use of such temperature differences below the boiling point of the Water proposes the invention, a refrigerant as the cycle subject fluid to use. A suitable refrigerant would be for example, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane with a boiling point of 32 ° C. Atmospheric pressure; this substance is hardly used for conventional chillers suitable. If one assumes a temperature T1 of the heat sink of 20 ° C 293 ° K and a temperature of the heat source T2 of 80 ° C = 353 ° K, see above the thermal efficiency is w = 1-T1 / T2 = 0.17.

Selbstverständlich wird man gegebenenfalls ein anderes Kältemittel wäh­ len, je nach dem mittleren Temperaturniveau von Wärmequelle und -senke.Of course, another refrigerant will be selected if necessary len, depending on the average temperature level of the heat source and sink.

Als thermische Energie kann, wie im obigen Beispiel, Sonnenenergie eingesetzt werden, aber auch an geeigneten Standorten geothermische Energie. Wegen des schlechten Wirkungsgrades kommen wohl nur regenerative Wärmequellen in Frage, abgesehen von Ausnahmen. Steht die Wärmequelle nur intermittierend zur Verfügung, wird aber gleichwohl kontinuierlicher Betrieb gewünscht, kann man die thermische Energie zwischenspeichern.As in the example above, solar energy can be used as thermal energy are used, but also at suitable locations geothermal Energy. Because of the poor efficiency only regenerative come Heat sources in question, with exceptions. The heat source just stands available intermittently, but is becoming more continuous nonetheless If desired, the thermal energy can be buffered.

Die Bauelemente, die für die Durchführung des Verfahrens benötigt werden, sind sämtlich prinzipiell im Stand der Technik bekannt: Ein Wärmetauscher für das Verdampfen des Fluids, eine Turbine zum Abgeben der mechanischen Energie, vorzugsweise gekuppelt mit einem Elektrogenerator, und ein Kondensator. Aus der Kältetechnik kennt man darüberhinaus Materialien und Konstruktionen, die für die Verwendung von Kältemitteln als Medium des Kreisprozesses geeignet sind.The components required to carry out the process are all known in principle in the prior art: a heat exchanger for the evaporation of the fluid, a turbine for dispensing the mechanical Energy, preferably coupled with an electric generator, and a Capacitor. In addition, materials and materials are known from refrigeration technology Constructions for the use of refrigerants as a medium of the Cycle are suitable.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zum Umsetzen von thermischer Energie in mechanische Energie, bei dem ein Fluid einem Kreisprozeß unterworfen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Nutzung von Temperaturdifferenzen im Bereich unter 100°C als Fluid ein Kältemittel verwendet wird.1. A method for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, in which a fluid is subjected to a cyclic process, characterized in that a refrigerant is used as a fluid to use temperature differences in the range below 100 ° C. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als thermische Energie Sonnenenergie verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as thermal energy solar energy is used. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als thermische Energie geothermische Energie verwendet wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as thermal energy geothermal energy is used. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die thermische Energie zwischengespeichert wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the thermal energy is temporarily stored.
DE19517897A 1995-05-16 1995-05-16 Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical one Withdrawn DE19517897A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19517897A DE19517897A1 (en) 1995-05-16 1995-05-16 Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical one

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19517897A DE19517897A1 (en) 1995-05-16 1995-05-16 Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical one

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19517897A1 true DE19517897A1 (en) 1996-11-21

Family

ID=7762022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19517897A Withdrawn DE19517897A1 (en) 1995-05-16 1995-05-16 Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical one

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19517897A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007113062A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 Klaus Wolter Method, device and system for converting energy

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007113062A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 Klaus Wolter Method, device and system for converting energy
WO2007113200A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-11 Klaus Wolter Method, device and system for converting energy
CN101415940B (en) * 2006-03-31 2013-01-02 克劳斯·沃尔特 Method, device and system for converting energy
US8393153B2 (en) 2006-03-31 2013-03-12 Klaus Wolter Method, device, and system for converting energy

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