CN220288336U - Geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure, geothermal well device and geothermal power generation system - Google Patents

Geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure, geothermal well device and geothermal power generation system Download PDF

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CN220288336U
CN220288336U CN202321316494.5U CN202321316494U CN220288336U CN 220288336 U CN220288336 U CN 220288336U CN 202321316494 U CN202321316494 U CN 202321316494U CN 220288336 U CN220288336 U CN 220288336U
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geothermal
metal foil
heat pipe
graphite
solid heat
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黄明贤
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy

Abstract

A geothermal conductive solid heat pipe structure, a geothermal well device and a geothermal power generation system, wherein the solid heat pipe structure comprises: the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is formed by winding graphite metal foil from inside to outside in a concentric ring mode; the graphite metal foil is a composite material of a layer of nano-grade graphite sputtered by taking the metal foil as a base material; a porous aerogel layer. The geothermal well device using the solid heat pipe structure further comprises: a geothermal well body which is a hollow tube structure; the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is deeply penetrated into the hollow pipe structure; at least one aluminum block is positioned below the pipe body of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe and used as heat collection metal to draw geothermal heat of the dry thermal rock, wherein copper powder is sprayed on gaps of the geothermal well body to increase heat conduction effect of a contact area with the dry thermal rock. The utility model also comprises a geothermal power generation system driven by the heat energy conducted by the geothermal well body.

Description

Geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure, geothermal well device and geothermal power generation system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to geothermal conduction and power generation, in particular to a geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure and a geothermal well device using the structure only for taking heat without taking water and a geothermal power generation system.
Background
The traditional geothermal heat is that a well is dug to a place with a few kilometers below the ground, then hot water of a hot spring below the ground is pumped for circulation, heat energy of the hot water is used for heat exchange, and then a turbine generator set is driven to generate electricity. However, the conventional geothermal power generation by using the method has considerable problems such as exploration of geothermal resources, unpublished geological related information and time consumption; the temperature of the underground water is less than 100 ℃; a large amount of exploration and drilling cost is required to be input in the early stage, so that loss is caused, and the risk is high; because non-volcanic geothermal heat belongs to alkaline springs, the problem of scaling of geothermal wells leads to high scaling cost; after a period of use, the water quantity is insufficient: the geothermal water after heat exchange must be refilled to the ground; on the other hand, acid etching problem: volcanic geothermal heat belongs to acid springs, faces the problem of acid corrosion, and has large power consumption in factories. The originally expected cracking direction of the artificial fracture stratum after the EGS technology is modified is different from the final cracking direction, so that the final loss of EGS circulating fluid exceeds 70%, the production target cannot be achieved, and the suspension is finally announced.
Another approach is to develop a Hot Dry Rock (HDR), also known as an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS), or engineered geothermal system, which is a high Wen Yanti, typically at temperatures greater than 200 ℃, with a depth of thousands of meters, with no or only small amounts of subsurface fluids inside. The composition of such rock mass can vary greatly, mostly moderately acidic invaded rock from the middle-life, but also metamorphic rock of the middle-new-life, even massive sedimentary rock of great thickness. Dry hot rock is mainly used to extract heat from its interior, so its main industrial indicator is the temperature inside the rock mass.
The principle of developing dry hot rock resources is to drill a well (injection well) from the surface into the dry hot rock, and inject water with lower temperature into the well under high pressure after closing the well hole, so that very high pressure is generated. In the case of dense and crack-free rock mass, high pressure water can cause many cracks in the rock mass in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the minimum stress. If there are naturally small numbers of natural joints in the rock mass, this high pressure water expands the fracture into a larger fracture. The direction of these cracks is affected by the ground stress system. Along with the continuous injection of low-temperature water, cracks are continuously increased and enlarged and are mutually communicated, and finally, a generally planar artificial dry-heat rock heat storage structure is formed. Several wells are drilled at reasonable positions from the injection well and run through the artificial thermal storage structure, and these wells are used to recover high temperature water, steam, known as production wells. The injected water moves along the fissures and exchanges heat with the surrounding rock, producing a high temperature and high pressure water or water vapor mixture at temperatures up to 200-300 c. High-temperature steam is extracted from a production well penetrating through the artificial thermal storage structure and is used for geothermal power generation and comprehensive utilization. The warm water after the utilization is recharged into the dry hot rock through the injection well, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling.
Then, a fracturing method is applied, namely, a process of injecting high-pressure water by using a deep well, penetrating into a gap of the dry-hot rock stratum and absorbing geothermal energy is adopted. In short, the underground hot water vapor is pumped up to generate electricity. The high temperature water and steam in the dry and hot rock cracks reach the ground through another special deep well, then enter a heat exchanger and a ground circulation device for generating electricity, and the cooled water is injected into an underground heat exchange system for circulation through a high pressure pump again, and the whole process is carried out in a closed system.
Therefore, the present utility model is directed to a novel geothermal solid heat pipe structure and geothermal well device using the same, which can solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the utility model aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure and a geothermal well device using the structure only take heat without taking water and a geothermal power generation system, and the utility model has the advantages that a graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is applied to geothermal power generation, and a water source of about 100 ℃ of underground hot spring is not needed to be found; no water return is needed; the problem of trouble, scaling and corrosion is not needed to be removed because groundwater is not needed to be pumped; the solid heat-conducting pipe is maintenance-free (the liquid heat-conducting pipe needs to have a gap at the joint of the gaskets because the pipe needs to be 3 km long), and the gasket needs to be maintained. The water heat pipe needs to maintain the gasket with low pressure drop and low boiling point.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a solid heat pipe structure for geothermal conduction, a geothermal well device and a geothermal power generation system using the same, the solid heat pipe structure comprising: the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is formed by winding graphite metal foil from inside to outside in a concentric ring mode; the graphite metal foil is a composite material prepared by sputtering a layer of nano-grade graphite on a metal foil substrate, and has the effects of metal temperature equalization and graphite horizontal heat dissipation; and a porous aerogel layer, which is coated on the periphery of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe and is used as heat insulation.
Further, the graphite metal foil is a graphite copper foil.
Further, the metal in the graphite metal foil is at least one selected from copper, aluminum and silver.
Further, the graphite metal foil has a length of 3000 m and a width of 2 m; three graphite metal foils with the width of 2 m are connected into a graphite metal foil with the width of 6 m and the length of 3000 m, and then the graphite metal foil is wound into concentric cylinders in a whole bundle mode. The geothermal well device using the solid heat pipe structure also comprises a geothermal well body which is an empty pipe structure, wherein the empty pipe structure penetrates through the ground to form a well body when in use; the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is deeply penetrated into the hollow pipe structure; at least one aluminum block is positioned below the pipe body of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe and used as heat collection metal to draw geothermal heat of the dry thermal rock, the geothermal heat can heat the at least one aluminum block to enable the at least one aluminum block to be heated and then transfer heat to the upper side of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe in a conduction and radiation mode, and then the geothermal heat can be transferred outwards through heat exchange; and wherein copper powder is sprayed across the gaps of the geothermal well body to increase the heat transfer effect; the aluminum block has higher specific heat so as to absorb more heat, and the graphite copper foil and copper powder have better heat transfer coefficients so as to transfer more heat.
Further, the geothermal well body is arranged above the dry hot rock with the temperature of 200 ℃; at the moment, the aluminum block and the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe overlapped above the aluminum block can be used for controlling the temperature of a heat exchanger above the ground surface connected with the aluminum block and the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe to be in heat exchange within a control range of 150-160 ℃; the porous aerogel is a heat insulation material, and is used for insulating the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe, so that the temperature of the heat pipe is not easy to drop.
When the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe guides heat from the bottom of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe to the upper part, the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe and a working fluid can be subjected to heat exchange in a heat exchanger, so that the working fluid enters a turbine along a fluid pipeline, and water vapor in the turbine pushes blades of the turbine so as to drive a rotating shaft of the turbine to rotate, and the rotating shaft of the turbine is connected with a mandrel of a generator; the rotation of the rotating shaft of the turbine also drives the spindle of the generator to rotate, so that the generator is driven to generate electricity to achieve the aim of geothermal power generation.
The water vapor enters the turbine and becomes low-pressure water vapor, then enters a condenser and exchanges heat with condensed fluid in the condenser, and then returns to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe; the condensed fluid in the condenser is recycled through a cooling water tank.
A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent from the following description, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an application example of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a geothermal well device of the utility model, wherein the arrows indicate the heat transfer direction;
FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a graphite metal foil solid heat pipe structure of the present utility model.
Description of the reference numerals
10. Graphite metal foil solid heat pipe
12. Graphite metal foil
15. Porous aerogel layer
20. Geothermal well body
22. Working fluid
25. Aluminum block
26. Copper powder
27. Heat exchanger
28. Fluid pipeline
30. Turbine engine
42. Blade
44. Rotating shaft
45. Electric generator
46. Mandrel
50. Condenser
52. Condensed fluid
54. A cooling water tank.
Detailed Description
The structural components, and the resulting benefits and advantages of the present utility model, as well as the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, there is shown a geothermal solid heat pipe structure according to the present utility model, the solid heat pipe structure comprising:
a graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10, which is formed by winding graphite metal foil 12 from inside to outside in a concentric ring manner, as shown in fig. 3; wherein the metal in the graphite foil 12 may be various metals with high heat transfer capability, such as copper, aluminum, silver, etc.
Wherein the graphite foil 12 has a length of 3000 m and a width of 2 m. Three pieces of graphite metal foil 12 of 2 m wide are joined into a graphite metal foil of 6 m wide and 3000 m long, which is then wound in a whole bundle into concentric cylinders, wherein the cylinders have a height of 3000 m.
The graphite metal foil 12 is a composite material prepared by sputtering a layer of nano-grade graphite on a copper foil as a base material, and has both the effect of metal uniform temperature and the horizontal heat dissipation effect of graphite. The copper foil material has a thermal conductivity of up to 1500-1800W/mk in the horizontal (XY axis) and 12W/mk in the vertical (Z axis) direction. Therefore, the graphite has good horizontal conductivity, no peeling and powder falling problems, and the heat source can be rapidly diffused outwards so as to achieve the aim of excellent heat transfer. And also has flexibility and bending property. The graphite metal foil 12 is formed by coating a thin layer of graphite on a copper foil, and has a thin material thickness, and the total thickness is only 50um.
Graphite is an excellent heat conducting material. Graphite has high heat conduction efficiency (conduction), rapid heat dissipation (convection with air), light texture and the like, and is considered to be a heat dissipation material with strong competitiveness. The carbon atoms of graphite absorb energy to resonate, and thus far infrared rays of a specific frequency are radiated, and the graphite is perceived as absorbing heat radiation energy.
As shown in fig. 2, the present utility model further includes a porous aerogel layer 15, which is wrapped around the periphery of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10, and is used as heat insulation, so that the heat absorbed by the metal foil solid heat pipe 10 will not be dissipated to the outside of the heat pipe.
The graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 of the present utility model is used in the following geothermal well device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The geothermal well device further comprises, in addition to the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 and the porous aerogel layer 15, the following steps:
a geothermal well 20 which is a hollow tube structure which, in use, passes through the ground to form a well; deep the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 into the hollow pipe structure; in general use, the geothermal well 20 is placed above a dry rock at a temperature of 200 ℃.
At least one aluminum block 25 is located below the tube body of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 as heat collecting metal to draw geothermal heat of the dry thermal rock, the geothermal heat heats the at least one aluminum block 25 to transfer heat to the surface direction above the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 by conduction and radiation after being heated, then the geothermal heat can be transferred outwards through heat exchange, and then the working fluid with low boiling point is vaporized into steam to drive the expander to generate power.
Typically, the geothermal well 20 is placed above a hot dry rock at a temperature of about 200 ℃. At this time, the aluminum block 25 and the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 overlapped above the aluminum block can be controlled to have a heat exchange temperature between 150 ℃ and 160 ℃ above the ground surface to which the aluminum block and the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe are connected. The graphite foil and the heat insulating material are important, and the porous aerogel 15 is the heat insulating material, so that the temperature of the graphite foil solid heat pipe 10 is not reduced.
Copper powder 26 may be sprayed throughout the crevices of the geothermal well 20 to increase the heat transfer effect.
The heat collecting metal at the bottom of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 is formed of an aluminum block 25, and the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 is wound with a graphite copper foil 12. Because aluminum blocks have a higher specific heat than copper, they are able to absorb more heat, while the graphite copper foil 12 and copper powder 26 have a better heat transfer coefficient and can transfer more heat. Therefore, the heat energy stored between the rocks can be extracted in a large amount by using the dispersed heat collecting metal at the bottom of the structure. And these thermal energy can be transferred very quickly up through the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10.
As shown in fig. 1, when the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 is used to guide heat from the bottom of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 to the upper side, the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10 and a working fluid 22 can exchange heat in a heat exchanger 27, so that the working fluid 22 enters a turbine 30 along a fluid pipeline 28, and water vapor in the turbine 30 pushes blades 42 of the turbine 30, so as to drive a rotating shaft 44 of the turbine 30 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 44 of the turbine 30 is connected with a spindle 46 of a generator 45. Rotation of the shaft 44 of the turbine 30 likewise rotates the spindle 46 of the generator 45, causing the generator 45 to generate electricity. Therefore, the geothermal power generation purpose is achieved. The water vapor enters the turbine 30 and becomes low-pressure water vapor, then enters a condenser 50 and exchanges heat with the condensed fluid 52 in the condenser 50, and then returns to the heat exchanger 27 to exchange heat with the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe 10, thus completing the whole thermodynamic cycle and achieving the purpose of generating electricity by the generator. The condensed fluid 52 in the condenser 50 is circulated through a cooling water tank 54.
The utility model has the advantages that the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is used for geothermal power generation, and a water source of about 100 ℃ of underground hot spring is not needed to be found; no need to be injected back into the ground; the problem of trouble, scaling and corrosion is not needed to be removed because groundwater is not needed to be pumped; the solid heat-conducting pipe is maintenance-free (the liquid heat-conducting pipe needs to have a gap at the joint of the gaskets because the pipe needs to be 3 km long), and the gasket needs to be maintained. The water heat pipe needs to maintain the gasket with low pressure drop and low boiling point; and does not need to use chemical agents, only takes heat without water; in addition, the rock disk does not need to be cracked, and the earthquake cannot be caused. The graphite metal foil is a composite material with a layer of nano-grade graphite sputtered by using the metal foil as a base material, has the effect of metal temperature equalization and the horizontal heat dissipation (XY axis) heat conduction coefficient of the graphene graphite as high as 1500-1800W/mk, and can achieve the aim of sufficient heat transfer due to extremely rapid heat conduction, so that the graphite metal foil is one of the elements of the device. The porous aerogel has very good heat insulation effect and very thin thickness (about one centimeter), and the thinner the porous aerogel of the outer layer is, the better the diameter of the geothermal production well is, and the space is mainly used for the solid heat pipe for heat transfer.
The foregoing detailed description is directed to a specific embodiment of the utility model, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and equivalents and modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the utility model are intended to be included in the scope of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A geothermal solid state heat pipe structure comprising:
the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is formed by winding graphite metal foil from inside to outside in a concentric ring mode;
the graphite metal foil is a composite material of a layer of nano-grade graphite sputtered by taking the metal foil as a base material; and
a porous aerogel layer surrounding the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe.
2. The geothermal conductive solid heat pipe structure of claim 1, wherein the graphite metal foil is a graphite copper foil.
3. The geothermal conductive solid heat pipe structure of claim 1, wherein the graphite metal foil has a length of 3000 meters and a width of 2 meters; three graphite metal foils with the width of 2 m are connected into a graphite metal foil with the width of 6 m and the length of 3000 m, and then the graphite metal foil is wound into concentric cylinders in a whole bundle mode.
4. A geothermal well installation employing the geothermal conductive solid heat pipe structure of any one of claims 1-2, further comprising:
the geothermal well body is of a hollow pipe structure, and the hollow pipe structure penetrates through the ground to form a well body; the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe penetrates into the hollow pipe structure;
at least one aluminum block is positioned below the pipe body of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe and used as heat collection metal to draw geothermal heat of the dry hot rock; and
copper powder is sprayed on gaps of the geothermal well body so as to increase the contact area with the dry thermal rock and increase the heat conduction effect.
5. The geothermal well device of claim 4, wherein the geothermal well body is disposed above a dry rock having a temperature of 200 ℃; the porous aerogel is a heat insulation material, and is used for insulating the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe, so that the temperature of the heat pipe is not easy to drop.
6. A geothermal power generation system employing the geothermal well device of claim 4, wherein the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe is configured to exchange heat with a working fluid in a heat exchanger when heat is conducted from the bottom of the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe to the top, such that the working fluid enters a turbine along a fluid line, such that water vapor in the turbine pushes blades of the turbine to rotate a rotating shaft of the turbine, the rotating shaft of the turbine being connected to a spindle of a generator; the rotation of the rotating shaft of the turbine also drives the mandrel of the generator to rotate so as to promote the generator to generate electricity to achieve the aim of geothermal power generation; the steam enters the turbine and becomes low-pressure steam, then enters a condenser and exchanges heat with a condensing fluid in the condenser, and then returns to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the graphite metal foil solid heat pipe; the condensed fluid in the condenser is recycled through a cooling water tank.
CN202321316494.5U 2023-05-26 2023-05-26 Geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure, geothermal well device and geothermal power generation system Active CN220288336U (en)

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CN202321316494.5U CN220288336U (en) 2023-05-26 2023-05-26 Geothermal conduction solid heat pipe structure, geothermal well device and geothermal power generation system

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