DE1950570A1 - Method and device for soil treatment - Google Patents

Description

PATENT, α. LAWYER 1 9 OUO / U

DIPL.-ING.H. FROM SCHÜMANN

Bayer. Mortgage and Exchange Bank Munich, 8 Munich 22, Widenmayentrafie S

Account number MX 6342 . Telegram address: Protector Munich

Postal checking account: Munich 49t 6 * Telephone -.2248

October 7, 1969 2 / D

SOCIETE FEANOAISE DES GAZ LIQUEFIES S.A. Paris, France

Method and device for soil treatment

The invention relates to a method for soil treatment in the preparation of sowing beds, the If desired, the soil is completely sterilized. The invention also relates to a device for implementation of the procedure.

It is well known that most crops suffer from development including that there are numerous impurities in the soil in which they grow. These can be of different types and, for example, in conventional weeds, in residues of pest control products and / or the pests themselves (larvae, Worms, microorganisms, etc.) exist.

So far, attempts have only been made to remove these impurities in the classic way, which in spite of the advances in farming techniques, little Made progress. In particular, with regard to the preparation and manufacture of seed beds the weed removal difficulties which one has hitherto only attempted to solve by mechanical means, such as

00 9824/1235

* · Ill I.

tt * »

by chopping, or by using chemicals that selectively destroy certain plant species, disadvantageous in part, is the mechanical one Procedure associated with tedious and arduous work, while the selectivity of chemical means is not perfect is.

In addition to weed removal, soil sterilization also requires suppression of parasitic organisms and the residues of those substances which have just been used to destroy such parasites. if You can also use chemical substances to combat parasites has had more or less success, it has been so far failed to remove the inevitable residues of these substances, which further poison the cultures.

So far so for the sterilization of soil or simply taking precautions to prepare seedbeds after all, have little satisfaction Results shown 'and to remove the residues of A proposal has not yet become known to pesticides.

Furthermore, it is already known to reduce the amount of soil Perimeter, for example in greenhouses, to be treated by means of heat by parting the soil to be treated Part is placed on a solid fire. This method is very impractical and in no case applicable on a large scale.

The proposal has also already been made to move the soil to be treated to a higher level without moving it To heat the temperature, which, however, is below 100 C. To do this, steam or warm water was injected. Have it Significant difficulty has also been found in practicing these procedures. For example must

00 98 2 kl 123S

Large amounts of steam or water are used - It is However, it is difficult to have those precautions available at the place of use in order to use these steam or * Generate amounts of hot water.

In contrast to the two specified procedures, where the ground moves and under it a stationary one Arranged fire or in the second case heat on the solid Soil is applied, it is the object of the invention to provide a method in which sowing beds thereby be prepared or sterilized that the soil and the heat are moved at the same time, so that the heat dem Soil is supplied to the extent that it is moved.

The method according to the invention for optionally sterilizing soil treatment during preparation of sowing beds is characterized in that the soil moves and at the same time a heat effect, i. H. one Heat flow is exposed, the heat being generated by the combustion of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons is generated in at least one burner connected to the earth moving device. For example, the floor be moved in the form of earth rays, by means of suitable agricultural machines, such as rotary hoes or Turn milling. Instead, however, any other suitable one can also be used Device can be used, which moves the earth in a more or less distributed form.

On this device, one or preferably more burners can be arranged in such a way that in the of The earth beam conveyed to the earthmoving device brings about as homogeneous a heating as possible. If only one simple preparation of a sowing bed by destroying the weeds or their seeds is desired, d. H. not a complete sterilization of the soil, then the earth is merely given a "burst of flame", i.e. H. the

009824/1235

1 SSO

the% de moving and at the same time the: BreSJIti aufwei§ei | d # Girat relatively serial tämlauf £ iL gelasB & n $ so däi tis Weeds are destroyed by burning. Weaii on the other hand simpl Soil sterilization is to take place, then the earth will be a ' larger amount of heat communicated so that the earth assumes a temperature of over 100 ° G, even a temperature of above 105 ° C. In this way the weeds become »the Remnants of the chemical substances which are burned and eliminates the parasites which, at these temperatures, cannot survive »

According to the type of seed will looked ^ which one, the moving bottom can more- or less deeply treated who ---- the "To this end, it is sufficient when the speed of displacement of the Erdbewegungsgerätes is adapted to the treated depth, and depending on those Amount of heat supplied by the burners on the device.

The heat required for soil sterilization can be made from any liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon be won. Particularly suitable, however, are the gas supply » moderate hydrocarbons, d. H. especially propane and butane, because, in contrast to the hydrocarbons with a higher molecular weight, they leave very little combustion residue in the ground or impurities back.

In addition, the gaseous hydrocarbons such a flame speed and ignition speed that bringing together the combustion point and the cold masses of the earth do not cause bad combustion or flame extinction. Finally differ the gaseous hydrocarbons from the liquid hydrocarbons in a very advantageous manner in that no additional precautions have been taken to promote them Need to become. The gaseous hydrocarbons are fed to the burners without a> pump or other organs. ;

009824/1 235;

For treating a surface of about one hectare with medium penetration can between 200 and 2,000 kg of propane are used, depending on whether only the weeds are used to prepare a sowing bed destroyed or a complete sterilization of the soil is to be carried out. In either case the amount of gas to be used varies according to the quality of the soil and especially its Moisture, its mobility, its lightness and its heat capacity.

Further essential features of the invention emerge from the attached claims. Below is one Embodiment of a device according to the invention based on of the accompanying drawing, for example, the single figure of which is a schematic representation of its side view shows.

The hoe or chopping device shown in the drawing is pulled by a tractor in the direction of arrow A. It has a drive 1 and a gear 2, which transmits the movement of the tractor to the axis 3 of the actual chopping device 4. .

The chopping device 4- is conventionally formed by blades which are attached to the periphery of the wheel are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the drawing.

To regulate the depth of the treatment of the soil, a depth lath 5 is provided, which is on a Sliding shoe 6 is supported, taking along the heel 4. The sliding shoe 6 is around an axis 7 on a stiffening support 8 arranged pivotably.

The depth lath 5 is pivotable on the housing 9 of the hoe attached, in which the axis 10 this

009824/1235

Agricultural device is arranged. A plate 11 is attached to the housing 9, at its end has a joint 12, over which a Spritζscheibe is attached.

A burner 14 is arranged on the plate 11. There can be several burners there or on the spray disc 13 may be provided. You're either in the middle Longitudinal plane of the device provided as the burner 14 in the accompanying drawing, or outside the same. The burner or burners 14 close an angle between 30 and 14 with the plate 11R or the spray disk 13 90 ° a.

The gaseous fuel is the burner 14 over the supply line 15 is supplied from a reservoir, which can be mounted on the hoe itself or on the tractor. The gas reaches the mouthpiece 16, namely together with air which is sucked in via the nozzle 17.

The operation of this device is very simple. The tractor takes the device in the direction of arrow A. with, so that the hoe 4 revolves in the direction of arrow B and sends a jet of earth to the burner 14, which is from the "Plam arising on the mouthpiece 16 up to the sterilization temperature the earth is heated.

The displacement of the hoe at a suitable speed has the consequence that a large surface of the earth is easy Way can be treated so that it is completely sterilized. A faster pulling of the device has the effect that the amount of heat transferred to the ground does not guarantee complete sterilization of the ground, however, weed killing takes place.

009824/1235

19S0S70

Is can also & »άβϊ · €! Depending on the nature of the area, the fluffy can also bring moving hydrocarbon burners * For example, a rotary hoe can also be used * in which the joint 12 ″ directly, i.e. without the wiping of a plate 11 * Other provisions for adjusting the depth of the soil to be treated can also be provided, in which, for example, one or more wheels, measuring rods, or measuring rods or parallelograms are provided which indicate the height of the hoe in relation to the soil set and change.

00 98 2A / 1 23 5

Claims (1)

HiO ή j procedure for, if applicable treatment in the preparation of A ^ ßsaa ^ beetenj 4a = characterized by the fact that the ground moves? and to "succeed in throwing a weapon in the air" - wobfi dj-f warmth through the spread of volatile or gasf © jranis g§n coal water sergtöf-feö-f especially "propane or at least narrowly one the burner (14-) connected to the earth moving vehicle is generated _t 2, AnspiTieh method. 1, characterized in that , pe hectares of soil to be treated between 200 and 2,000 kg ! Propane can be used 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the moving earth to over 100 ° G, preferably on is heated above 105 ° C. , , 4 "Apparatus for carrying out the method according to I. ^ of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a Erdbewegungseinrichtung, means (14) for generating heat by Eohlenwasserstoffverbrennung and means for moving said two means are provided on the treated face of the earth are. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a rotary hoe is provided as an earth moving device. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a rotary milling machine is provided as an earthmoving device 009824/1235 7 »Device according to one of claims 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the heat ζ eugungs device consists of at least one hydrocarbon-fed burner (14) arranged in this way, that a homogeneous temperature distribution is achieved. 8. The device according to claim 7 »characterized in that each burner (14 ·) encloses an angle between 'J> 0 ° and 90 ° with the associated carrier. 9. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized ' characterized in that means are provided for adjusting the depth to which the soil is treated he follows. 10. The device according to claim 9 »in conjunction with claim 5, characterized in that the depth adjustment device consists of a depth staff (5) and one on it supporting sliding shoe (6), which determines the depth to which the hoe (4) in the Penetrates the ground. 00 98 2Λ / 12 35 Lee rse ite