DE19503184C1 - Ag-based material for electrical contacts with improved erosion characteristics and resistant to welding - Google Patents

Ag-based material for electrical contacts with improved erosion characteristics and resistant to welding

Info

Publication number
DE19503184C1
DE19503184C1 DE19503184A DE19503184A DE19503184C1 DE 19503184 C1 DE19503184 C1 DE 19503184C1 DE 19503184 A DE19503184 A DE 19503184A DE 19503184 A DE19503184 A DE 19503184A DE 19503184 C1 DE19503184 C1 DE 19503184C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
silver
carbon
primary particle
electrical contacts
particle size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE19503184A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl Ing Dr Weise
Roger Wolmer
Peter Dipl Ing Dr Braumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to DE19503184A priority Critical patent/DE19503184C1/en
Priority to DE59607910T priority patent/DE59607910D1/en
Priority to EP96100479A priority patent/EP0736885B1/en
Priority to AT96100479T priority patent/ATE207236T1/en
Priority to ES96100479T priority patent/ES2165931T3/en
Priority to ZA96751A priority patent/ZA96751B/en
Priority to JP1675096A priority patent/JPH08239724A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE19503184C1 publication Critical patent/DE19503184C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/036—Application nanoparticles, e.g. nanotubes, integrated in switch components, e.g. contacts, the switch itself being clearly of a different scale, e.g. greater than nanoscale

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Contacts consist of Ag, Ag alloy or a composite Ag material with 0.05 - 7 wt.% C, added exclusively in the form of soot with a mean primary particle size of less than 150 nanometre to the Ag, Ag alloy or composite Ag material powder for cold isostatic pressing and sintering. Pref. mean primary particle size is less than 100 nanometre, E.g., the sintered material, processed under protective gas, is cut to shape and burned in air or O2 to produce a solderable and weldable coating.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte, bestehend aus Silber, einer Silberlegierung oder einem Silberverbundwerkstoff mit 0,05 bis 7 Gew.-% Kohlenstoff.The invention relates to a material for electrical Contacts consisting of silver, a silver alloy or a silver composite material with 0.05 to 7% by weight Carbon.

Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis von Silber mit einigen Gewichtsprozenten Kohlenstoff in Form von Graphit haben in der Niederspannungs-Energietechnik weite Verbreitung gefunden. In Schutzschaltern bieten Kontakte aus Silber- Graphit eine hohe Sicherheit gegen Verschweißungen. Nachteilig ist jedoch ein hoher Abbrand und eine schlechte Lichtbogenableitung.Contact materials based on silver with some Weight percent carbon in the form of graphite have in of low-voltage power engineering widespread found. In circuit breakers, contacts made of silver Graphite offers high security against welding. However, a disadvantage is a high burn and a bad one Arc discharge.

Es gab daher viele Versuche, durch weitere Zusätze zu Silber-Graphit die Abbrandfestigkeit dieses Kontaktwerkstoffs zu erhöhen. Verbesserungen erreicht man beispielsweise durch den Einbau von Kohlenstoff- bzw. Graphitfäden in den Werkstoff. So wird in der PCT-Anmeldung 92/18995 ein Silber-Kohlenstoff-Verbundwerkstoff für elektrische Kontakte beschrieben, der neben Graphitpulver noch Kohlenstoffasern enthält, wobei die Länge der Kohlenstoffasern mehr als doppelt so lang sein müssen als der Durchmesser der Graphitteilchen, die einen mittleren Teilchendurchmesser von 0,2 bis 40 µm besitzen sollen. Dabei wird erwähnt, daß als pulverförmiger Kohlenstoff auch Ruß eingesetzt werden kann. Am günstigsten soll sich jedoch ein Werkstoff verhalten, bei dem sowohl das Kohlenstoffpulver als auch die Kohlenstoffasern aus Graphit bestehen.There have therefore been many attempts to add more Silver graphite the burn-off resistance of this Increase contact material. You can achieve improvements for example by installing carbon or Graphite threads in the material. So in the PCT registration 92/18995 a silver-carbon composite for electrical contacts described, in addition to graphite powder still contains carbon fibers, the length of the Carbon fibers must be more than twice as long the diameter of the graphite particles, which is an average Should have particle diameters of 0.2 to 40 µm. It is mentioned that also as powdered carbon Carbon black can be used. However, the cheapest is said to be behave a material in which both Carbon powder as well as the carbon fibers made of graphite consist.

Die Herstellung dieser Werkstoffe ist durch die Verwendung von Kohlenstoffasern relativ teuer. Außerdem zeigen die Werkstoffe wegen der unterschiedlichen Partikelgrößen von Pulver und Faser ein ungleichmäßiger Ausbrennverhalten, was die Lebensdauer der Kontaktstücke verkürzt.The manufacture of these materials is through use of carbon fibers is relatively expensive. They also show Materials because of the different particle sizes of  Powder and fiber have an uneven burnout behavior, what shortens the life of the contact pieces.

Die US-PS 2,319,240 beschreibt einen Silber-Kohlenstoff- Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte, bei dem außer Graphit auch anderer Kohlenstoff verwendet werden kann. Über die Art des Kohlenstoffs und die Größe dieser Kohlenstoffteilchen werden keine Angaben gemacht. Die Herstellung dieser Werkstoffe erfolgt durch Vermischen entsprechender Pulver, Pressen des Pulvers zu einem Halbzeug und Sintern.U.S. Patent 2,319,240 describes a silver-carbon Material for electrical contacts, except for graphite other carbon can also be used. About the Type of carbon and the size of this No information is given on carbon particles. The These materials are produced by mixing corresponding powder, pressing the powder into one Semi-finished products and sintering.

Ruße mit Primärteilchengrößen unterhalb 25 nm bzw. zwischen 10 und 100 nm sind aus der DE 23 57 524 C2 bzw. aus dem Buch "Elektrisch leitende Kunststoffe", Carl Hanser Verlag, München, 1986, Seite 55-61, bekannt.Carbon blacks with primary particle sizes below 25 nm or between 10 and 100 nm are from DE 23 57 524 C2 and from the book "Electrically conductive plastics", Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1986, pages 55-61.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte, bestehend aus Silber, einer Silberlegierung oder einem Silberverbundstoff mit 0,05 bis 7 Gew.-% Kohlenstoff zu entwickeln, der verbesserte Abbrandeigenschaften bei sehr guter Verschweißsicherheit zeigt.It was therefore an object of the present invention, one Material for electrical contacts, consisting of silver, a silver alloy or a silver composite with Develop 0.05 to 7 wt .-% carbon, the improved Burning properties with very good welding security shows.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Kohlenstoff ausschließlich in Form von Ruß mit einer mittleren Primärteilchengröße von weniger als 150 Nanometer dem Silber-, Silberlegierungs- oder Silberverbundwerkstoffpulver zugesetzt und das Gemisch kaltisostatisch gepreßt und gesintert wird.This object is achieved in that the Carbon only in the form of soot with a mean primary particle size of less than 150 nanometers the silver, silver alloy or Silver composite powder added and the mixture is cold isostatically pressed and sintered.

Vorzugsweise liegt die mittlere Primärteilchengröße des eingesetzten Rußes bei weniger als 100 Nanometer.The average primary particle size of the is preferably soot used at less than 100 nanometers.

Diese Werkstoffe zeigen überraschenderweise gegenüber den bekannten Silber-Kohlenstoff-Kontaktwerkstoffen eine verbesserte Abbrandfestigkeit bei hervorragender Verschweißsicherheit. Ein weiterer Vorteil des Werkstoffes liegt darin, daß er mit vermindertem Kohlenstoffgehalt bessere Werte als Silber-Graphit aufweist und dadurch weniger leitfähige Rückstände beim Schalten hinterläßt.These materials surprisingly show the known silver-carbon contact materials improved burn-off resistance with excellent Welding security. Another advantage of the material is that it has a reduced carbon content  has better values than silver graphite and therefore leaves less conductive residues when switching.

Neben Silber kann durch Zusatz von Ruß auch das Abbrandverhalten von beispielsweise AgNi- und AgCuO- Verbundwerkstoffen verbessert werden.In addition to silver, soot can also be added Burning behavior of, for example, AgNi and AgCuO Composites are improved.

Folgende Beispiele sollen die Erfindung näher erläutern:The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention:

  • 1. Ag-Pulver (<63 µm) wird mit Rußpulver einer mittleren Primärteilchengröße von ca. 100 nm in der Zusammensetzung Ag/Ruß-95/5 trocken gemischt und zu einem Strangpreßbolzen kaltisostatisch gepreßt. Nach dem Sintern unter Schutzgas wird der Bolzen zu Profil stranggepreßt. Das Profil wird bis zur gewünschten Endabmessung gewalzt. Von dem Endprofil werden Kontaktstücke abgetrennt, die anschließend zur Erzeugung einer löt- und schweißbaren Schicht in Luft oder Sauerstoffatmosphäre ausgebrannt werden.1. Ag powder (<63 µm) with carbon black powder becomes a medium one Primary particle size of about 100 nm in the Composition Ag / carbon black-95/5 dry mixed and too an extrusion pin cold isostatically pressed. To sintering under protective gas turns the bolt into a profile extruded. The profile will be the one you want Rolled final dimension. From the end profile Separated contact pieces, which then to Generation of a solderable and weldable layer in air or burned out oxygen atmosphere.
  • 2. Ag-Pulver (<63 µm) wird mit Rußpulver mit einer mittleren Primärteilchengröße von ca. 100 nm in der Zusammensetzung Ag/Ruß-98/2 trocken gemischt, zu einem Strangpreßbolzen kaltisostatisch gepreßt und wie in Beispiel 1 zu Kontaktstücken weiterverarbeitet.2. Ag powder (<63 microns) with carbon black powder with a average primary particle size of approx. 100 nm in the Composition Ag / carbon black-98/2 dry mixed, to one Extrusion pin cold isostatically pressed and as in Example 1 processed into contact pieces.
  • 3. Ag-Pulver (<63 µm) wird mit Rußpulver mit einer mittleren Primärteilchengröße von ca. 150 nm in der Zusammensetzung Ag/Ruß-98/2 naß in einem Attritor gemischt. Nach dem Trocknen wird die Mischung zu einem Strangpreßbolzen kaltisostatisch gepreßt und wie in Beispiel 1 weiterverarbeitet.3. Ag powder (<63 microns) with carbon black powder with a average primary particle size of about 150 nm in the Composition Ag / Soot-98/2 wet in an attritor mixed. After drying, the mixture becomes one Extrusion pin cold isostatically pressed and as in Example 1 processed.

Die nach Beispiel 1 bis 3 hergestellten Kontaktstücke wurden in einem Modellprüfstand bei 100 A in ihrem Abbrandverhalten und bei 1000 A in ihrer Verschweißkraft mit gleich zusammengesetzten Silber-Graphitwersktoffen verglichen, die anstatt Ruß Graphitpulver bzw. Graphitpulver und Graphitfasern enthielten. The contact pieces produced according to Examples 1 to 3 were tested in a model test bench at 100 A in their Burning behavior and at 1000 A in their welding power with the same composition of silver graphite tools compared, which instead of carbon black graphite powder or Graphite powder and graphite fibers included.  

Die Ergebnisse zeigt folgende Tabelle.The results are shown in the following table.

Tabelle table

Claims (2)

1. Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte, bestehend aus Silber, einer Silberlegierung oder einem Silberverbundwerkstoff mit 0,05 bis 7 Gew.-% Kohlenstoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kohlenstoff ausschließlich in Form von Ruß mit einer mittleren Primärteilchengröße von weniger als 150 Nanometer dem Silber-, Silberlegierungs- oder Silberverbundwerkstoffpulver zugesetzt und das Gemisch kaltisostatisch gepreßt und gesintert wird.1. Material for electrical contacts, consisting of silver, a silver alloy or a silver composite material with 0.05 to 7 wt .-% carbon, characterized in that the carbon exclusively in the form of carbon black with an average primary particle size of less than 150 nanometers the silver -, Silver alloy or silver composite powder added and the mixture is cold isostatically pressed and sintered. 2. Werkstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ruß eine mittlere Primärteilchengröße von weniger als 100 Nanometer besitzt.2. Material according to claim 1, characterized, that the carbon black has an average primary particle size of has less than 100 nanometers.
DE19503184A 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 Ag-based material for electrical contacts with improved erosion characteristics and resistant to welding Expired - Fee Related DE19503184C1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19503184A DE19503184C1 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 Ag-based material for electrical contacts with improved erosion characteristics and resistant to welding
DE59607910T DE59607910D1 (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-15 Material for electrical contacts made of silver-carbon
EP96100479A EP0736885B1 (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-15 Material for electric contacts of silver with carbon
AT96100479T ATE207236T1 (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-15 MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS MADE OF SILVER-CARBON
ES96100479T ES2165931T3 (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-15 MATERIAL FOR CARBON SILVER ELECTRICAL CONTACTS.
ZA96751A ZA96751B (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-31 Material for electrical contacts made of silver-carbon
JP1675096A JPH08239724A (en) 1995-02-01 1996-02-01 Material for electric contact point

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19503184A DE19503184C1 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 Ag-based material for electrical contacts with improved erosion characteristics and resistant to welding

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19503184C1 true DE19503184C1 (en) 1996-05-02

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ID=7752865

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19503184A Expired - Fee Related DE19503184C1 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-02-01 Ag-based material for electrical contacts with improved erosion characteristics and resistant to welding
DE59607910T Expired - Lifetime DE59607910D1 (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-15 Material for electrical contacts made of silver-carbon

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE59607910T Expired - Lifetime DE59607910D1 (en) 1995-02-01 1996-01-15 Material for electrical contacts made of silver-carbon

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0736885B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08239724A (en)
AT (1) ATE207236T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19503184C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2165931T3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA96751B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10261303B3 (en) * 2002-12-27 2004-06-24 Wieland-Werke Ag Electrically conducting composite material used in automotive applications as electrical contact components, such as connectors or connections, comprises a metal strip and a contact layer containing carbon powder and a further additive
EP2242069A1 (en) * 2009-04-18 2010-10-20 Eaton Industries GmbH Contact assembly for low current use
CN103366975A (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-23 施耐德电器工业公司 Silver-based electrical contact material

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US6933331B2 (en) 1998-05-22 2005-08-23 Nanoproducts Corporation Nanotechnology for drug delivery, contrast agents and biomedical implants
US5905000A (en) * 1996-09-03 1999-05-18 Nanomaterials Research Corporation Nanostructured ion conducting solid electrolytes
US7708974B2 (en) 2002-12-10 2010-05-04 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Tungsten comprising nanomaterials and related nanotechnology
CN102362326B (en) 2009-03-24 2015-03-25 联合材料公司 Electrical contact material
DE102010014745B4 (en) * 2010-01-15 2011-09-22 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Electric contact element and method for producing an electrical contact element
KR101789300B1 (en) * 2016-09-28 2017-10-23 부경대학교 산학협력단 Method for preparing silver-diamond composites using spark plasma sintering process and silver-diamond composites prepared thereby

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US2319240A (en) * 1940-03-19 1943-05-18 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electric contact and the like
DE2357524C2 (en) * 1973-11-17 1982-04-29 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the production of reinforcing carbon blacks and carbon blacks with a high degree of fineness and low porosity
WO1992018995A1 (en) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-29 Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter Material for electric contacts of silver with carbon

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US1785618A (en) * 1920-04-09 1930-12-16 Gen Railway Signal Co Copper-carbon contact
US2818633A (en) * 1955-03-02 1958-01-07 Gibson Electric Company Electrical contact

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2319240A (en) * 1940-03-19 1943-05-18 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electric contact and the like
DE2357524C2 (en) * 1973-11-17 1982-04-29 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the production of reinforcing carbon blacks and carbon blacks with a high degree of fineness and low porosity
WO1992018995A1 (en) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-29 Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter Material for electric contacts of silver with carbon

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-B: "Elektrisch leitende Kunststoffe", Carl Hanser Verlag München, Wien 1986, H.J. Mair u. S. Roth, S. 55-61 *
DE-B: "Elektrische Kontakte und ihre Werkstoffe", A. Keil u.a., Springer-Verlag 1984, S. 195-199 *
DE-B: "Pulvermetallurgie elektrischer Kontakte", H. Schreiner, Springer-Verlag 1964, S. 191-204 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10261303B3 (en) * 2002-12-27 2004-06-24 Wieland-Werke Ag Electrically conducting composite material used in automotive applications as electrical contact components, such as connectors or connections, comprises a metal strip and a contact layer containing carbon powder and a further additive
EP2242069A1 (en) * 2009-04-18 2010-10-20 Eaton Industries GmbH Contact assembly for low current use
EP2242070A1 (en) * 2009-04-18 2010-10-20 Eaton Industries GmbH Contact assembly for low current use
CN103366975A (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-23 施耐德电器工业公司 Silver-based electrical contact material
US20150086417A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2015-03-26 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Silver-based electrical contact material
EP2826576A4 (en) * 2012-03-30 2015-06-03 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Silver-based electrical contact material
US9620258B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2017-04-11 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Silver-based electrical contact material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59607910D1 (en) 2001-11-22
ATE207236T1 (en) 2001-11-15
EP0736885B1 (en) 2001-10-17
EP0736885A3 (en) 1997-10-29
ZA96751B (en) 1996-08-29
EP0736885A2 (en) 1996-10-09
ES2165931T3 (en) 2002-04-01
JPH08239724A (en) 1996-09-17

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Owner name: DEGUSSA-HUELS AG, 60311 FRANKFURT, DE

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Owner name: DMC2 DEGUSSA METALS CATALYSTS CERDEC AG, 60311 FRA

8327 Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner

Owner name: OMG AG & CO. KG, 63457 HANAU, DE

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Owner name: UMICORE AG & CO.KG, 63457 HANAU, DE

8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee