DE1944638A1 - Vehicle wheel suspension - Google Patents

Description

Adolph Ronning,
4826 East Weldon,
Phoenix, Arizona (V.St.A.)

! Vehicle suspension.

For this application, priority is derived from the corresponding U.S. Registration Serial No. 764 050 of October 1, 1968 in Availed.

The invention relates to vehicle wheels and more particularly on a novel arrangement of a vehicle wheel suspension.

It is highly desirable to have a general purpose transport vehicle to create that used either as a towed vehicle (trailer) or a self-propelled vehicle (Towing vehicle) can be converted and at the same time equipped with one of several rim and / or tire sizes, which are used for the various types of vehicles, such as trucks for long-distance freight transport or for Local freight transport, buses, passenger vehicles, military

009817/1299

vehicles, tractors and agricultural vehicles. For this purpose, the wheel suspension must have devices that allow quick installation, removal or replacement of wheels with different properties. The vehicle type selected for this description includes trailers, articulated lorries, trucks, etc. The structural parts shown here are suitable for a trailer or a driven wheel, with or without a differential gear.

The maintenance of the suspension, axles and suspensions of Vehicles is particularly critical on trucks, trailers, and other heavy duty vehicles Significance and represents a significant cost factor. Removing a wheel on a large vehicle requires numerous tools in the current state of the art and is very time consuming. For example, if a wheel bearing or brake pads on a wheel axle are to be removed or checked, devices are required that are only available in appropriately equipped workshops are available. The lubrication of wheel bearings, the so-called greasing, is in many cases not verifiable and largely left to chance, although it affects the service life of the Suspension or wheel bearings depends. In known wheel suspensions, proper lubrication and one of Impurities free lubricant difficult or

009817 / $ 129

..3-19U638

not reachable at all.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a vehicle wheel suspension to create that can be easily released by ejection from a carrier and within the suspension has a lubrication system for the bearings that can be kept free of contamination. The suspension should be filled with the required amount of lubricant during storage before it is installed in a vehicle eon and without loss of stability have a low weight.

A vehicle wheel suspension is used to solve the problem proposed, which is pivotably mounted on a vehicle frame or chassis and one of the pivot point has rearward and downward protruding arm which is connected to a wheel axle carrier. According to the invention the axle carrier has a recess running horizontally and essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, in one end of which a wheel axle provided with a shoulder is inserted, the shoulder resting on the carrier. An ejector shaft is inserted into the other end of the recess, which is connected to that located inside the carrier Wheel axle is screwed. The ejector shaft can rotate inside the carrier, but is through one in the Carrier screwed in and with an annular groove on the ejector shaft

009817/1298

engaged locking screw secured against axial movement in the direction of the carrier recess. After further Features of the invention is within the ejection mode an axial channel is provided with a pointed extension connected to the channel and within the beam protrudes in the direction of the wheel axle. The wheel axle is hollow in its interior and together with the Wheel bearings, the seals and an end cap represent an oil container that protects against the ingress of contaminants is. There is also a pierceable seal in the hollow wheel axle, which is secured by the pointed extension the ejector shaft can be pierced so that the inside of the wheel axle after installation in the wheel axle carrier the channel of the Auewerfwelle is in connection with the free atmosphere and thereby a ventilation as well a way to top up oil in the oil reservoir is created.

The invention is based on exemplary embodiments in conjunction explained in more detail with the drawings.

1 is a perspective view of a vehicle suspension and suspension in the form of longitudinally staggered wheels corresponding to of the invention are carried out. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wheel rack; the one with a vehicle frame

009817/1298

is connected and the suspension of the invention wearing.

Pig. 3 is a side elevation view of a finned brake drum and a partial crawled wheel, the one on the Bremstroiimel is attached.

Pig. Figure 4 is a top plan view of the Pig's device. 1, with the pelgen and the wheels mounted are.

Pig. Figure 5 is a side elevational view of a portion of the Pig. 4 along line 5-5.

Pig. 6 is a cross-section through one of the two wheel suspensions the pig. 1.

Pig. Figure 7 is a cross-section through part of a wheel rim opposite the Pig. 6 amended Execution, on a larger scale.

Pig. 8 is an enlarged section of the pig. 6 and shows a modified embodiment.

Pig. Figure 9 is a cross-section through the Pig's wheel carrier arm. 6, along line 9-9.

Pig.10 is a cross-section on a larger scale and partly in disassembly and shows a wheel axle after removal from the wheel carrier.

Pig. 11 is an enlarged section of the pig. 6, which is used to describe the details.

Pig.12 is a front elevation of a wheel suspension

009817/1298

- D -

and the suspension of FIG. 1 with the rims mounted. and tires and an associated adjacent one Wheel suspension and suspension raised when passing an uneven place.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the shock absorber and hydropneumatic bellows construction of Fig. 1.

Figure 14 is a front elevational view of a portion of Figure 13 taken along lines 14-14.

15 is an enlarged section of FIGS. 11 and 11 shows a modified version.

A vehicle frame or a chassis, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the dashed lines denoted by the reference number 10, is used for anchoring a wheel assembly carrier 11. The details of the wheel assembly carrier 11 can be seen from FIG. The carrier consists of a single, channel-shaped profile member Η, to which a vertical wall 15 and struts 16 are connected in one piece downwards. The wheel assembly carrier can be attached to the vehicle frame in any desired manner and in turn supports two stub shafts 20 and 21 which each form a pivot point for a wheel carrier arm 22 and 23, respectively. Since the two wheel carrier arms and the two wheel suspensions are identical, only the assembly located on the wheel carrier arm 23 is described below. The arm

009817/1298

19U638

23 is to be mounted on the stub shaft 21 and held on it by an end cap 25 which is screwed into an internal threading section 26 of the stub shaft 21. On the other hand, the arm 23 can also according to the Pig. 8 shown modified embodiment, in which the stub shaft 21 has no thread. The end cap 30 M secured against the arm 23 and is not in engagement with the end of the stub shaft 21. A fastening bolt 31 is passed axially through the stub shaft and a nut 32 on the fastening bolt 31 serves to firmly engage the end cap 30 with the To pull the wheel carrier arm 23 so that the latter is urged against a bronze bushing 34. In this way, no mutual movement can occur between the end cap and the arm 23 and the ingress of contaminants is prevented. A steel washer 36 covers the tapered recess 37 within the stub shaft 21 and a bronze bushing 38 allows mutual movement between the locking nut 32 and the stub shaft 21. A mushroom sealing ring 39 is arranged around the circumference of the bronze bushing 33. Permanently oiled bronze bushings 41 and 42 allow slight mutual movement between the arm 23 and the stub shaft 21.

The wheel carrier arm 23 has at its free end a wheel

009817/1298

19U638

aclisträger 50, which is in one piece with the carrier arm is trained. The wheel support is provided with a continuous recess 51, the axis of which is essentially horizontally and transversely to the normal direction of port movement of the vehicle runs. In the embodiment shown here the recess 51 consists of a section 52 of large diameter and a section 53 of small Diameter. A wheel axle 55 with a shoulder 56 is inserted into the section 52, so that the shoulder 56 abuts against a corresponding shoulder 57 of the wheel axle carrier. The wheel axle has a circular, tapered one Recess 60 which extends through the wheel axle and whose largest diameter is at the end 61 the axle which faces away from the wheel axle carrier 50 is. The smallest diameter of the recess is located at a point that is approximately radially inside the Shoulder 56 is located. The tapering of this inner axle recess reduces the weight of the wheel axle without any reduction the strength required over the length of the axis. A pierceable seal 62, the purpose of which will be described in detail below, is located on the small diameter portion of the recess 60 of the wheel axle 55. On the outside of the wheel axle 55 are bearings with bearing shells 65 and 66 and allow a rotation of the finned brake drum 68 with respect to the wheel axle 55. The position of the bearings

009817/1298

is through, a shoulder 70 on the wheel axle, the shoulders 71 and 72 on the brake drum 68 and fixed by an annular disc 75 which is screwed into the wheel axle 55 by a Lock nut 76 is secured. An oil seal 77 is adjacent to the rear wheel bearing 66. A clear end cap 80 with a cylindrical flange 81 is in sealing engagement with the inside of the brake drum 68. Circumferential grooves 83 of the cylindrical flange 81 engage in the inner bore of the brake drum 68 and effect the required seal. The end cap 80 is secured by a spring clip 85, which can be applied in that projections 86 in groove-shaped recesses 88 of the brake drum 68 engage. The spring clip 85 can also be made from a relatively easily flexible metal be made and by flanging its edge into the Uut 88 of the brake drum 68 are hermetically sealed.

The brake drum 68 and the wheel axle 55, together with the bearings 65 and 66, the end cap 80, the locking nut 76 and the pierceable seal 62 already assembled before installation in a vehicle and with the required Amount of lubricant must be filled. In this case, the recess 60 in the interior of the wheel axle 55 forms one with respect to the atmosphere and storage containers sealed against contamination. The lubricant can pass through the end 61 of the wheel axle 55 get to the bearings and is connected by the seals 77

009817/1298

19U638

■■ ι U "

prevented from exiting.

The wheel axle 55 protrudes into the wheel axle carrier 50 and has an annular groove 80 for receiving a locking screw 91 screwed into the carrier 50. From a As explained below, the wheel axle is provided with an internal thread 93.

In the small diameter section 53 of the axle carrier 50 stents an ejector shaft 95 into it and has a threaded portion 96 which into the internal thread 93 of the wheel axle can be screwed in. The ejector shaft 95 is also provided with an annular groove 98 for receiving one in the Wheel axle carrier 50 screwed in locking screw 99 provided. At one end of the shaft 95 is a bolt-shaped hexagonal head 100 on which a wrench can be attached to rotate the shaft. A runs through the ejector shaft 95 in the axial direction Channel 101, which is closed at one end by a small bolt 102. An extension 105 through which the channel 101 also extends protrudes from the threaded end of the shaft 95. The hydropneumatic Bellows, which forms the spring part of the suspension (described below), is connected to a bracket 107, which surrounds the shaft 95.

009817/1298

- 11 - 19U638

The wheel axle carrier 50 has a flange 110 which a brake cover plate 111 is firmly attached by rivets or in some other way, which as a structural unit the (not shown) carries brake shoes, wheel cylinders and other conventional brake parts.

The brake drum 68 consists of a single casting, on which ribs 115 are formed. The ribs 115 protrude outward in the radial direction and consist of one located on the outside of the brake drum 117 Section 116 and one from the front of the brake drum 117 in the axial direction to the rear Section 118. Certain of the ribs 120 have thickened radial sections extending from the hub 122 of the brake drum 117 are led inwards and of sufficient strength for receiving wheel mounting bolts 125.

A pad 150 is connected to a wheel disc 151 in a suitable manner, for example by welding. In the wheel disk there are several beveled recesses 152 for receiving wheel fastening bolts and the tapered surfaces of the wheel nuts 155. A modified version of a wheel disc and rim is in Pig. 7, in which the pelvis 160 is formed in one piece with the wheel disc 161 and a separate skin section 162 is connected to the skin 160

009817/1298

19U638

is bound. In order to avoid the use of tubeless tires on the To enable the rim, the seam point between the rim sections 160 and 162 can be covered by a rubberized sealing tape 164. The curvature on the inside of the wheel disc 151 corresponds to the curvature of the axial sections 118 of the ribs 115 on the drum 117. It is also tapered the [drum 117 and has a thicker section 127, so that a passage channel extending from the inside 128 of the drum is formed, which is the inside surrounding the wheel disc I5I between the ribs 115 and has an outlet on the inside 129 of the drum and wheel disc. The air entering at 128 will in the one communicated by the arrow 131 through the ribs 115 Centrifugal force pressed into the smooth and curved passage, the outlet 129 of which is smaller than its inlet. As soon as the indicated by the arrow 132 air approaches the outlet 129, its speed is due to the reduced passage cross-section enlarged. The reduced passage area is due to the increased thickness of the drum 117 and due to the increasing thickness of the cooling fins from the outside to the inside of the drum. The increase in cooling fin thickness is best seen in Fig. 1, from which it can be seen that the cross section of the axial sections 118 of the ribs 115 towards the rear end face 135 of the drum 117 increases. the Reduction of the passage size for the centrifugal force

009817/1298

pressed from one side of the drum 117 to the other air therefore becomes strong due to the Venturi effect as a result of the considerable decrease in the passage cross-section Accompanying increase in speed. As can be seen, the passage of air can take place without obstruction and the entire passage consists of straight or continuously curved sections which minimize the air throughput Oppose resistance.

By means of this arrangement of the air duct, the brake drums and the brake pads are cooled. This has the further advantage that the air also absorbs the heat from the wheel disc, the skin and the tire dissipates through heat conduction. This heat conduction is of particular importance because the air flows to the outer wall of the passage and thus the laminar insulation of the one located on it air layers reduced.

A brake pad 136, typically made of a non-corrosive Alloy is firmly connected to the inside of the drum 117. The brake lining can mediate known methods, by which a molecular bond between the covering and the metal the drum is achieved.

The combination of shown in Mg. 1 at 170 and 171

009817/1298

The spring and shock absorber is in Pig. 13 shown in detail. As can be seen from fig. 13 shows is a flexible one Bellows 171 each by a clamping ring 175 with a Retaining bracket 172 and a similar retaining bracket 173 connected. Me two clamping rings 175 each surround the circumference of a Bellows end and clamp this against an inner peripheral lip 176 a. The bellows is made of a flexible material and is supported by belt-like devices such as the wires 180 and 181 partially divided into several sections. Every retaining bracket. 172 or 173 can be rotated with a bracket 185 or 107 connected. The retaining bracket 172 has an opening 189 for connection to a pipeline

191 for hydraulic oil, which in turn through a T-piece

192 (see Figures 4 and 5) is connected to a pipe 193 for hydraulic oil, which is connected to a conventional hydropneumatic system. The bracket 185 is rotatably connected to a bracket I90 that is attached to the vehicle frame 10. During operation, hydraulic fluid is supplied to the interior of the bellows 171, expanding the bellows and lifting the frame 10 a predetermined distance. To the bellows acting pressure forces which are for example caused by the fact that the wheel encounters an obstacle in practicing roadway, increasing the liquid pressure within the bellows, so that it is transmitted through the opening 189 to the hydraulic system. In such a hydraulic

009117 / 12pcs.

.15-19U638

Typically a pneumatic pressure acts on a system A piston, the other side of which exerts a predetermined mean pressure on the hydraulic fluid. The on Air acting on the piston compresses and therefore allows hydraulic fluid to enter the cylinder flows in and a bellows such as the bellows I7I can partially collapse due to the increased force. The bellows shown in Fig. 13 also has a shock absorber, which consists of a cylindrical tube 200 with a one-way ball valve 201 located therein. The ball valve is arranged so that hydraulic fluid can flow into the pipe 200, but cannot exit the pipe. The tube 200 is attached to the bracket 172. A second tube 205 is fastened to the opposite retaining bracket 173, also of cylindrical design and has an outer diameter such that it is slidable within the tube 200. That Tube 205 is provided with several perforations or bores 206 through which the hydraulic fluid can enter the interior of the bellows 171 from the interior of the tube 205. When a compressive force is applied to the bellows 171 for example, when the wheels hit an obstacle on the roadway, the tubes 200 and 205 telescopically displaced and the oil located inside the pipes is pushed out of the bores 206. Ever further the tubes are telescoped into one another,

009817/1298

_ 16-19US38

the more bores 206 are covered by the tube 200 so that the outflow of liquid from the interior the pipes are increasingly throttled and the resistance opposing the compressive force is gradually increased. One the movement causing the expansion of the bellows is subject to a corresponding effect, apart from the fact that the ball valve 201 the discharge of hydraulic fluid to the inside of the pipes.

The invention enables the 'easy expansion of the whole Wheel suspension including the brake drum, the bearings and the wheel axle and allows these parts through already lubricated Parts to replace. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 11, the brake drum 68, for example together with the wheel axle 55 and the associated parts quickly and easily by loosening the locking screw 91 by moving the wheel axle in the axial direction within the wheel axle carrier 50. The locking screw 99-is left in the position shown, in which it engages in the annular groove 98 of the ejector shaft 95. To do this, a wrench is placed on the hex head 1Ό0 of the ejector shaft and this shaft is rotated counterclockwise. By means of the threaded connection between the ejector shaft and the wheel axle, the wheel axle is turned to the left in the illustration in FIG. 11 pushed out of the axle carrier 50. A new or

009817/1298

copy

I 9 k 4 6 3 8

Reconditioned brake drum including the wheel bearings and the wheel axle can then be inserted into the axle carrier 50 so that they thread into thread engagement with the Ge from section 96 of the ejection shaft 95 comes. Then the wrench is turned clockwise, as a result of which the wheel axle f.xi is drawn into the support 50 and the extension '(05 pierces the seal 62. The wheel axle 55 is pulled into the axle support 50 for a long time until the shoulders 56 and 57 meet abut. Then, the set screw is screwed into the beam 50 until it in on / in solid input, handle with the annular groove 90 of the wheel axle comes .. As already mentioned, the suspension contains the correct amount of lubricant through the seals 77 Vila 62 abgeschlos - / sen. When the seal is pierced , the through /

"j I

the inner recess 60 of the wheel axle formed lubricant

container vented. At the same time, this creates the possibility created by means of the channel 101 lubricant

/ Refill when the water level de # Schmiermittelfijllmenge which is visible through the transparent hinaurch? / End cap 80, dropped so far ik, t is that a Nachfüllenerforderlich. ■]

ι I. I.

A modified version of the ejector shaft assigned mechanical Te; $. e corresponding to 'another

J i " i

■ J

Embodiment of the invention is in Pig. 15 shown.

In this version / the axially sluggish · * · 215 has a through

/ i COPY

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

19U638

going recess, which is slightly modified compared to the axle support described above. In this In a modified version, a section 216 of smaller diameter of the recess is formed in such a size that that it can accommodate a cuff 218. The cuff has an annular groove 219 for receiving an in the locking screw 220 screwed into the axle support 215. This prevents the cuff 218 from moving axially Secured within the axle carrier 215, stored, but an ejector shaft 225 rotatable. The ejection shaft 225, at the outer end of which there is a hexagonal head 226, is passed through the sleeve 218 and has a shoulder 230 formed on end face 231 the cuff 218 is applied. Therefore, the set screw 220 can remain screwed into the bracket 215 at all times, so that it remains in engagement with the annular groove 219 and secures the position of the sleeve 218. It is then possible rotate the ejector shaft 225 without first turning the set screw 220 to solve. The axle shaft 235 is designed similar to the shaft already described and is made by the engagement of the locking screw 236 with the annular groove 237 is held in a fixed connection with the axle carrier 215. The channel 239 is passed in the axial direction through the ejection shaft 225 and extends in an extension 240 with a pointed end which is used to pierce the seal 245. The connection of the canal with the interior

009817/1298

Ren the shaft 235 takes place through an opening 246, which is on the side of the extension 240 so that the channel 239 ″ does not clog when the seal 245 is pierced can be. The extension 240 can be designed separately from the ejection shaft 225 and passed axially through it by being screwed into the shaft 225 in the area 250, for example. At one end of the canal a fitting 251 may be formed which allows the supply of additional lubricant when the The lubricant level inside the shaft has decreased. From the embodiment of FIG. 15, the state before Removal of the wheel axle can be seen. Normally the wheel axle is removed without the ejector shaft as well must be expanded. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, it is possible to rotate the ejection shaft around its To rotate the axle without first "unlocking" it, with an axial movement of the shaft within the axle carrier is prevented. The wheel axle, on the other hand, is secured by a locking screw inside the axle carrier.

- patent claims -

009817/129 8

Claims (10)

19U638 Claims ΐ.) Vehicle suspension that attaches to the vehicle frame has mounted wheel axle carrier, characterized in that that the wheel axle carrier (50, 215) is essentially a horizontal recess (51) running through the entire carrier, the axis of which is transverse to the normal direction of movement of the vehicle is a wheel axle (55, 235) mounted in one end of the recess with one against the axle carrier abutting shoulder (56), which protrudes into the opposite end of the recess and mediates a threaded connection (96) with the wheel axle engaging ejector shaft (95 »225), which serves to the wheel axle shoulder (56) "with a rotation of the shaft in one direction of rotation into engagement with the wheel axle carrier to bring and eject the wheel axle from the carrier when the shaft rotates in the opposite direction, and a locking device engaged with the ejector shaft (99, 220) which prevents axial movement of the shaft within the recess, however, rotation of the shaft about its axis is permitted. 2. Wheel suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that that to secure the wheel axle in the wheel axle carrier second locking device (91, 236) is provided. 009817/1298 ■ 19U338 3. Wheel suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that that the locking device consists of a screw (99, 220) "which is screwed into the carrier and in Engages with an annular groove (98) of the ejector shaft. 4. Wheel suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that that the wheel axle (55, 235) has an inner, circular, itself has tapering and extending in the axial direction of the axis recess (60), the largest diameter of which on the the axle end facing away from the axle carrier (61) and their smallest diameter is arranged substantially at a point located radially inside the shoulder (56). 5. Wheel suspension according to claim 3, characterized in that the annular shoulder (56) is provided with an annular groove. 6. Wheel suspension according to claim 4, characterized in that within the tapered recess (60) of the Wheel axle (55, 235) a pierceable one serving to seal off lubricant located inside the axle Seal (62, 245) is arranged and the ejection shaft (95, 225) extends in the axial direction of the shaft Has channel (101, 239) which terminates in a pointed extension (105, 240) which serves to close the seal pierce and pierce the channel with the tapered recess to connect within the wheel axle. 009817/1298 often 7. Wheel suspension according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking device consists of a screw (99, 220), which is screwed into the carrier and is in engagement with an annular groove (98) of the ejector shaft, and the second locking device consists of a screw (91, 236) which is screwed into the carrier and in Engages with an annular groove (90, 237) of the wheel axle (55, 235). 8. Wheel suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that that the wheel axle (55 »- 235) has an axial recess (60) for Has storage of lubricant. 9. Wheel suspension according to claim 8, characterized in that that within the axial recess of the wheel axle a pierceable seal serving to seal off lubricant (62, 245) is arranged and the ejector shaft (95, 225) has an axial channel (101, 239) with a through-hole the seal and the connection of the channel with the axial recess of the wheel axle serving pointed extension (101) (240). 10. Wheel suspension according to claim 8, characterized in that that the wheel axle (55) with an internal thread (93), and the ejection shaft (95) with a matching external thread (96) is provided. 009817/1298 ORIGINAL INSPECTED Blank page