DE1917885A1 - Fluid operated device with movable piston - Google Patents

Description

Λ A 4 rjj QOE

DR. MÜLLER-BORE DIPL-ΙΝΘ. QRALFS ' DIPL-PHYS. DR. MANITZ DIPL.-CHEM. DR. DEUFEL

PATENT LAWYERS

J April 8, 1989

Lew / Sv - M 2004

MARTONAIR LIMITED

St Margarets Road, Twickenham, Middlesex,

ENGLALTD

Fluid operated device with movable

Pistons

The invention relates to a fluid operated device of the type in which a piston is movable in a housing provided for this purpose in order to flow through a Pair of openings in the housing regulate and deals in particular with a piston forming a valve element, however, can also be applied to a piston formed in this way is that wave or fluid power is transmitted.

According to the invention, a fluid operated device comprises the called type a piston with two alternative working positions, in each of which the piston prevents movement unbalanced forces due to the pressure of this medium is held, which acts on the surfaces of the piston of unequal effective area, the piston also a pair opposite has directed surfaces in addition to these surfaces which are exposed to the fluid and each delimit a pair of chambers in the housing, each chamber being designed to receive a trigger pressure signal.

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takes that temporarily placed in a suitable one of the chambers is in order to end the direction of the r.esulti er, reversing the force acting on the piston and thereby closing the piston cause to move into his other working position, in which he is acting on it through the non-balanced Forces due to the pressure of the medium is held after the trigger pressure signal is canceled. Appropriately exists one of the openings from an inlet for this fluid and is designed so that it is under control of an end face of the piston is in communication with the other opening that. is designed so that a connection with a Outlet for the fluid is ensured under the control of an oppositely directed surface of the piston, this one opening open, the other opening closed is when the piston is in one of its working positions and the other opening is open and the one opening is closed when the piston is in the other of the working divisions, the active surfaces on the Piston sides that are exposed to this medium are such that, one opening is open and the other opening is closed, the resultant of the unbalanced forces acts on the piston and holds the piston in this one working position and, this one opening is closed and the other opening is open; the resultant of the unbalanced forces acts on the piston and keeps the piston in this other working position, until an appropriate trigger pressure signal is applied to the piston will.

One uses the non-FC-balanced forces to drive the piston hold in one of his working positions and use a trigger pressure signal to determine the resultant of the unbalanced To reverse the forces, the piston is controlled by a Working position in the other due to the flow rate sea and driven by the pressure of the fluid and not by the value of the trigger pressure signal; the work speed

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ke'it of the piston will be so. set by the pressure and the Instead, the flow capacity of the orifices is controlled by the value of the trigger pressure signals. -

Each end face of the piston can be designed so that it overlaps the respective opening when closing, whereby the effective area of the end face of the piston, which is exposed to the pressure of the fluid is exposed when the respective opening is closed, smaller than the effective area when the , respective opening is open. Such an arrangement brings forth the disadvantage that a leakage of fluid to the outlet during switching from a working position of the piston in the next can occur. To overcome this disadvantage, the piston can alternatively have a cylindrical extension at each end smaller diameter than an adjacent intermediate one Have part of the piston and can be inserted into the respective opening with a seal, wherein the axial lengths of the extensions are chosen such that one opening is closed before the other opening is opened is and vice versa, the effective area of each end face of the piston when the respective opening is closed is, the cross-sectional area of the extension alone and the effective area of the face of the piston, if the respective Opening is open to the full cross-sectional area of the neighboring The intermediate part of the piston is.

For example, embodiments of the invention are intended to be based on of the accompanying drawings are explained in more detail, in which Figure 1 and 2 each axial sections through the two valves demonstrate.

According to Fig. 1, the first valve comprises a housing 1, whichB a Contains piston 2, which is movable between two working positions in which the piston is the adjacent end of the one or the other-β «» - a pair of wires J and 4, which the Form mentioned openings, closes. In the illustrated

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I / 8, ge the tube 3 is closed by the right St irnseitenf area of the piston 2, the tube 4- remains open and the piston can be moved to the left in its other working position, in which the tube 4 through the left face of the piston is closed and the piston 3 remains open. The two end faces of the piston 2 are larger in diameter than the bores of the tubes 3 and 4- and are Jbzw with valve seats. 6 to create seals against the ends of tubes 3 and 4-. The pipe 5 is an inlet for a fluid to be regulated and the pipe 4 is on the outside of the valve with an annular space 7 inside the housing 1 in connection, which the pipe 3 either directly or through a. Surrounds the piston that is to be actuated by the movement of the valve y * . The external connection between the space 7 and the tube 4- is indicated by the tube 20, the space 7 and the tube 4- could be connected to opposite ends of a pressure-generating piston (not shown). If the piston 2 has been moved to the left from the position shown, the medium flows from the inlet pipe 3 through the space and the connecting pipe 20 to the pipe 4- or it can move a piston instead of the pipe 20 and the piston displaces the fluid "to the pipe 4-, If the piston 2 has been moved to the right in the position shown, the inlet pipe 3 is closed and the pipe 4- opens to a ring outlet shown at θ. Between the two ends of the piston 2 there is a shoulder 9 between a part 10 of larger diameter of the piston and its left-hand end. The shoulder 9 forms a wall of an annular gallery 11 which surrounds the piston 2 and is connected to the right end face of the piston 2 via a line 12. The one available at the tube 3 is always available Inlet fluid pressure via the line 12 with the ring gallery 11 in connection and thus acts against the shoulder 9 opposite to the force due to the inlet pressure on the right end face of the Kol bens 2.

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The piston 2 has a hanging flange 14 of larger diameter between the shoulder 9 and the right end face of such a design that it opens into a further opening gallery
»- ·, which is formed in the housing 1. The ring gallery

11 and the two parts of the gallery 15 on the left and right The ends of the flange 14 are sealed by means of O-rings 16 which are mounted on the piston 2. The left and right

End parts of the hanging gallery 15 are provided with inlet openings 17 or at

18 provided / the trigger pressure signals can be placed.

According to Fig. 1, the bore area of each pipe 3 and 4 is the same and is denoted by A; the area of the left end of the piston 2 is denoted by G ^ and larger than the area A and the area at the right end of the piston 2 is denoted by Cp and also greater than the area A. The area of the shoulder 9 is equal to B and this is larger than the area A by an amount Δΐ · The release pressure signals applied to the left and right end portions of the gallery 15 are _{denoted by S ^ and S 2} , respectively. The area Cp is equal to the area A plus the area B plus an area Δ ₂ u ¹¹ ^ · can be either equal to or smaller than the area C ^.

If the piston 2 is in the right working position as shown, the inlet pressure S in the pipe 3 acts against the right end face of the piston 2 over the area A and also acts in the opposite direction against the shoulder 9 over the area B. The piston2 remains in this position, since the area B by an amount β ^. is greater than the area A \ an unbalanced force acts to the right, which is equal to S χ (BA) »Sx ^ -j ^{i.Bt · The} piston remains in this position until the trigger pulse pressure _{S 2 is} temporarily applied through the tube 18, such that a force greater than SxA ^ comes into effect. As soon as the KoI

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ben 2 has moved to the left, the pipe 3 opens, the fluid _{force acting to the left becomes S χ C 2} and the force acting to the right becomes SxB. Since the area C- is larger than the area B, the piston 2 moves into the left working position in which the tube 4 is closed. This movement is independent of the value of the trigger pressure signal S ^ and is determined by the flow rate and the pressure of the medium which is supplied through the inlet pipe A. If the piston 2 has moved fully into the left working position, it remains in this position until a triggering pressure signal Sj is applied through the pipe 17, since an unbalanced force acts on the piston 2 to the left, which equals S χ C ₂ - S χ B- - S χ A is. The latter expression is based on the pressure * applied through the connection and the tube 4 against the left end face of the piston 4. The resulting unbalanced force is therefore equal to S -χ. Δ ~. If the release pressure signal S ^ is applied through the pipe 17, the unbalanced force acting on the piston is reversed and the piston 2 moves to the right. As soon as the tube 4 has opened, the pressure applied thereby drops to the outlet pressure and the piston moves full to the right.

Fig. 2 shows an alternative valve device, which 1 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 in that the piston which is slidably mounted within a housing 21 22 with cylindrical end extensions 25, 26 smaller ones Diameter is provided, which is under sealing within of tubes 23 and 24 are displaceable. The axial lengths of the extensions 25 and 26 are chosen such that when the piston 22 moves to the right, the left extension 26 leaves the pipe 24 only when the extension 25 has entered the pipe 23 and leaves in a similar manner, when the piston 22 moves to the left, the extension 25 does not close the tube 23 until the extension 26 is in

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aas pipe 24 has entered. Except for the extremes In the left and right working positions, the pipes 23 and 24 are both sealed by the piston 22. This prevents the fluid from escaping and thus leads to a more effective operation of the valve. As in FIG. 1, the piston 22 has a shoulder 29 similar to the shoulder 9, which slides in a ring gallery 31 is movable. An inner channel $ 2 similar to channel 12 is provided via the fluid from the inlet pipe 23 to the ring gallery 31 is fed. A central flange 34, similar the flange 14, a ring gallery 35 divides into two Parts to the release pressure signals S ^ and Sp via openings or 38 can be placed. The two parts of the gallery 35 and the gallery 31 are sealed by O-rings 36, the be carried on the piston 22. The ends of the extensions 25 and 26 carry O-rings 37 which have a sealing engagement with the tubes 23 and 24. A ring outlet 28 similar to outlet 8 in Fig. 1 is provided and, also as in Fig. 1, external connection is by pipe 40 between the annulus 2? and the inlet pipe 23 and the pipe 24 are indicated. The pipe 40 cannot be produced by power-generating Pistons shown are replaced at their opposite Ends of the space 27 and the pipe 24 are connected. The areas of the piston 22 and tubes 23 and 24 are indicated by A, B, C ^, and Cp similar to corresponding areas in Fig. designated. The unbalanced forces holding the piston 22 in one of its working positions until a trip pressure signal S ^, or Sp is applied, are like those who have been described with reference to the valve shown in FIG.

In Figs. 1 and 2, ring or poppet valves were used as valves shown, but pistons 2 and 22 can be piston valves that control the openings that are shown in FIG

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.A cylindrical wall of the respective housing is provided are. Instead of the piston 2 or 22 having a power-transmitting Controlling the outer bulb, which is connected instead of the tube 20 or 4-0, the piston 2 or 22 could also themselves can be used to transmit power either by fluid pressure or by means of a piston rod.

- patent claims -

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Claims (1)

Claims / 1. One-in-one type iPluid operated device V _ ^ / housing "movable piston to regulate the flow through a pair of openings in the housing, the piston has two alternative working positions, in each of which the piston is held against movement by unbalanced forces due to the pressure of the fluid, that acts on the surfaces of the pistons of unequal effective area, characterized in that the Piston (2, 22) has a pair of oppositely directed surfaces in addition to the surfaces (^ 6) which are exposed to the fluid and each have a pair of chambers (15> 35) in the housing (1, 21) limit that each chamber is arranged so that it emits a trigger pressure signal (S ^, Sp), which is temporarily transferred to a suitable der Chambers is placed in order to reverse the direction of the resulting force acting on the piston (2, 22) in such a way that that the piston is caused to move into its other working position in which it is through the unbalanced Forces is held due to the pressure of the fluid on him after the trigger pressure signal (S ,,, S2) was canceled. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the openings (3, 23) is an inlet for the fluid and is arranged so that it is provided with an outlet (4, 24) for this fluid under control of an oppositely directed surface of the piston (2, 22) is in communication, one opening (3, 23) being open and the other opening (4, 24) being closed when the piston (2, 22) is in one of its working positions and the other opening (4, 24) is open and one opening (3, 23). 80S84S / 1017 .S- is closed when the piston (2, 22) is in the other of its working positions, the Effective areas of the sides of the piston that are exposed to the fluid are chosen such that this is one Port (3, 23) open and the other port (4, 24) closed, the resultant of the unbalanced Forces acting on the piston (2, 22) serve to hold the piston in this one working position and, this one opening (3, 23) is closed and the other opening (4, 24) is open, the impacting force acts on the piston from the unbalanced forces and holds this in its other working position until the appropriate trigger pressure signal (S ^ ,, S2) is placed on the piston will. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that each end face (5, 6) of the piston (2) is designed in such a way that it overlaps the respective opening (3, 4) when it is closed, in such a way that the active surface the end face of the piston (2), which is exposed to the pressure of the fluid when the respective opening is closed becomes smaller than the effective area when the respective opening is open (Mg. 1). 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the "piston (22) at each end has a cylindrical extension (25, 26) of smaller diameter than an adjacent intermediate part of the piston (22) and sealed within the respective opening (23, 24) can be introduced, the axial lengths of the extensions being selected such that this one opening (23) is closed before the other opening (24) is opened and vice versa, the active surface of each end face of the piston (22), ¥ I ⁿ 8 the respective opening is closed, -g transverse- COPY 809048 / 101.1 sclmittsfläciic the extension is alone and the effective area the end face of the piston, when the respective opening is open, the full ^ cross-sectional area of the adjacent one The intermediate part of the piston (i? Ig. 2) is. [■>. Device according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a channel (12, 32) within the piston (2, 22) from the part of the one end face which is permanently connected to this one uiTnuug Oj23) to a king gallery (1i ?, 35) in the housing (1, 21), which is delimited by an end face of a shoulder (14, 34) on the piston (2, 22) and is directed opposite to the one end face of the piston. 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5 *, characterized in that the chambers to which the Auslö s edr uc Jx signals (S., Sp) are placed are formed by: an intermediate part ^ 14, P ¹ V) of the piston with a diameter greater than that of the end parts of the piston and through an annular gallery (15 »35) in. this housing at each end of the intermediate part. 7 · Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the piston for Transmission of power to the outside based on the housing is formed. COPY 909.84 5/1017 bath Blank page