DE1817624A1 - Artificial turf and method of making it - Google Patents

Description

PATINTANWXLTI DR. E. WIEGAND DIPL-ING. W. NIEMANN 1 81 762Λ DR, M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C. GERNHARDT

'MONCHIN HAMIURO

TELEPHONE rS5S47i 8000 MÖNCHEN 15,

TElEORAMMEiKARRATENT 'NUSSBAUMSTRASSE 10

. 31 December 1968

W. 14 057/68

Monsanto Company St. Louis, Missouri (T.St.A.)

Artificial turf and method of making it

The invention relates to an artificial lawn and a method for its production, wherein a deppichgebilde is produced with a base from which a plurality of sole or masonry tracks or tracks made of a synthetic thread material extend, where the soles are arranged in rows that are to extend across tracks or runs «A first Row of loops is cut open near their tips and a second row of loops that of the is adjacent to the first row is to be removed from the Subject ^ of that part of each thread which becomes the Dividers in the first row extends, pulled out. The separation and extraction stages become sequential repeated along the carpet in order to transfer it from a loop or buoleteppioh to a carpet with a cut pile or pile *

- ■ BAD 909834/1060

w It is known to use grass-like! Deppichmaterial or artificial turf for recreation or relaxation purposes, such as golf turf or the like. To produce. Usually these simulated turf surfaces include an underlay, from which a plurality of threads in grass-like Stretch way. One of the major disadvantages of known materials of this type is that the ball rolls not always done correctly on such a surface. For example, a golf ball hit on such a surface deviates or separates from one ■ straight path, if it slows down to a stop, if it is not along a line parallel to the chain direction is struck. This is of course undesirable since the golfer should not be dependent on the rectilinear movement of the ball.

In addition, the existing turf-like surfaces do not brake golf balls to the same extent as natural turf. In general, a common one is artificial Turf only 1/2 to 1/3 as effective as natural turf at slowing down a golf ball. In other words, a golf ball hit with a given force moves two to three times on conventional turf-like balls Surfaces as;. on natural lawn. This is another disadvantage of conventional artificial turf. With these difficulties in mind, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a novel one and improved artificial turf and a method of making it

Another purpose of the invention is to create a turf-like or grass-like recreational surface (sports surface) that has no tendency to deflect a rolling person

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Balls of a straight path, as well as one Process for their production. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a grass-like recreational or sports surface with the appearance of natural grass and a method for their production. Also intended the invention seeks to provide an artificial turf with ball-retarding properties similar to those of are similar to natural turf and a method for making the same. The invention also aims to Creation of a grass-like recreational or sports surface surface with a base, from which an additional! number of synthetic threads extend in ribbon form, with parts of the synthetic threads having a molecular orientation that varies from one side of the thread to the other.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing: _t

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view Pattern of the artificial turf or the recreational or sports surface according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the manner in which the loop pile cut and pulled out of the backing layer is used to obtain a carpet with cut pile or pile;

Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of a common wire used in a carpet loom; showing the knife used to cut the loop pile;

Fig. 4 shows a perspective illustration Carpet loom wire with cutting blade removed, and

909834/1060 _BAD o «GUNM-

Pig. Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the manner in which the pole threads over the sharp corners of the wire when pulling it off] of the wire can be pulled from the row of loops.

According to the invention there is an artificial turf with an underlay and a plurality of synthetic ones thermoplastic monofilaments extending therefrom. The threads extend from the base in at least 2 lengths. One of these lengths extends from the base to a distance that is at least that .Double the .distance of the other length. These

longer length has a curved rope. For the sake of simplicity, the shorter length is referred to as the first length and the longer length is referred to as the second length. At least 20 $> extending the monofilaments are formed from the first length and at least 20% formed by the "wide length x preferably comprises each length half of the extending yarns, however, this ratio within the prescribed limits variieren'kann. It has been found that at least 20% of the monofilaments must be of the second or longer length in order for their curved portions to mix with one another over a substantial surface area of the turf in order to maintain the appearance and feel of natural grass.

In a AusfUhrungeform the method of the invention, the preparation of a grass-like recreation or sport surface or an artificial turf is contemplated to give weaves a carpet structure having a loop pile, the loops of said \ carpet structure of a synthetic monofilament material .old formed a flat, ribbon-like configuration are. His first row of loops is cut near their tips, followed by an adjacent row

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181762 *

a train or tension is applied to by pads the cut ends out of the backing layer to draw. These two stages are repeated alternately over the length of the carpet to create a carpet with To create a cut pile that has pile threads of 2 different lengths. < :

With reference to the drawing is in Pig. 1 a grass-like one Recreational or sports surface shown that comprises a backing 10 from which a plurality of synthetic monofilaments extend in two lengths 11 and 12, length 12 extending at least twice the distance of length 11. The monofilaments of length 12 also have a curved portion. The backing layer 10 consists of a woven structure, which can be made on a carpet loom in such a way that wefts 13 thread loops 16 in upright Hold position. For the sake of clarity, the warp threads have been omitted from the drawing. That kind of carpet Weaving is usually done on a Wilton or VeI-vet loom executed.

The threads forming the loops 16 are in the form of a ribbon injected synthetic thermoplastic monofilaments and have a titer of at least 300 denier and preferably within the range of 300 to 1200 denier, a width in the range of 0.0254-0.762 cm (0.01-0.3 ") and a thickness in the range of 0.00254-0.00762 cm (0.001 up to 0.003 ") The threads, usually flat and ribbon-like to resemble natural grass, and appropriate bends have properties, can be pigmented green, to mimic the color of grass. Other colors can be used for special effects.

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The term "tape" used here means one extruded thermoplastic monofilament with an essentially rectangular cross-section.

Among the thermoplastic compositions that can be used to make the tape are polyamides (Nylon), polypropylene, Aerylnaterialien, polyester (z. B. polyethylene terephthalate) or the like, where of these, polyamide (nylon) is preferred.

The monofilament tapes run along the backing layer in runs or rows, as shown in Fig. 2, with the loops 16 arranged in rows which are arranged perpendicular to the runs or rows (courses). Owns at this stage of manufacture the recreation or sports surface the structure and the Configuration of a woven loop pile carpet.

The wires used in weaving this sports or sports surface are those commonly used in the manufacture of cut pile woven carpets, with the modification that the knives used to cut the loops are from e.g. half the wires (i.e. every other wire) removed. Pig. 5 shows a conventional wire 19 'which has an enlarged head 20 and a cutting blade 21. When the wire 19 is pulled along the row of loops to remove them therefrom, the blade 21 severes each loop at or near its point in order to transfer the deppich from a loop pile carpet to a carpet with a cut pile.

Pig. FIG. 4 shows a wire 24 with an enlarged head 25, but without a cutting blade 21. The purpose of FIG this wire 24 is explained in more detail below.

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Pie wires 19 and 24 "are alternately used in the preparation of ErheXmgs- or sports surface. If it is gemai the preferred mode of operation desired to produce a pitch with a 50% long lengths and 50 i * short lengths of mono yarns, when the woven carpet , each wire 19 is placed between 2 wires 24 and Ie. the wire 24 is placed between 2 wires 19. A number of these wires are used in weaving the carpet, and when each new loop 16 is formed, that of this loop · -. the most distant wire, pulled out of its series of loops in a known manner.

The first row of loops is formed on one of the wires 19 with a blade 21, while the second row of loops is formed on one of the wires 24 without a cutting blade. When the wire 19a of the first row ₍ of loops is pulled off, the blade 21 separates the row of loops near the tips of their ends. Then when the wire 24 (without a blade) is pulled off of the next row of loops, the enlarged one exercises Head 25 to pull or tension the loops in this row in order to get out of the underlay-

layer pulling out that portion of each of the threads that extend to the cut made in the first row of loops. The third wire, which has a blade 21, is then withdrawn, and the blade 21 separates the loops in this row at their tips, when the fourth wire, which has no blade, is then withdrawn, it pulls that part of each of the threads extending to the cut part in the existing row. These stages of separating and pulling out are repeated successively on the successive rows of solings.

90983Ά / 1060

BAD OBlGiNAL

As shown in the drawing, the artificial space product has about 50 ' ribbons too short in length and 50 ' ribbons of great length ' which form one pole or right, that is. every wide loop is cut. It is, however, evident that this is merely a preferred method of manufacturing the products according to the earth.

i'iii idling öm? flteirfc. It is of course also possible ι the '

llei;! ieT>: ^ifl 'o: if, K .ziii "creation of a larger or smaller I lO'iige ,.: j \' j :: Vsg-: f: rta. threads sii variier«.; n _B

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in the sole ingenpols 1 fe ror the cutting <“The

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Fadens 26. Obgl you] ι the freestyle! iere thread

! just possesses iaisibildiaig, the learner 27 points out to the training _f 'the one in Pig, 2

ά - ^ tolich is «" each cu sr longer pad en 27 ce-

iii «crimped !! rope 29 'and a rather sharp β

Bi.; .Gn χμ. im:. £ knee]: rUmon .ng 30 « The bend or knee curvature

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ffd-caused by the .iDeforffiierung dee fadeiie 27,

the reruiMiiclrt is » when there is tension or a train on

the thread 2? "It is ogeireiiiet howiöireiid -this is held by the Sohufi" · ·

The twisted rope 23 is, aiebrgeTbmie des Zieliens: F «.den ■ 27 under tension to the ' sharp countries

24 received. 'The wire 24 is thin mud possesses

909834/1060

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ohleifea g® £ Wmst _ f & rd »TOt Sieses» © to © Span « _t ^: mag atif di & ^ f & äei .27 SBS ₉ clQg feel® H @ 2? & Ui3SBi © Si © ii from the _: >'. tfoterlage0ofe £ ekt. f & fce? di. @ so & eritea harders of the head .25 ■. '. ; at Späawiag g680g@&. will be “. This * causes © in © 'change - \; .- in ■■ --the -molecular teienti ^ Eiaag ϋ®τ Steii * © of the thread 27, which with äd & söhieEi ©! ^ -R & tidism 4qs 3teiÄt @ s 24 in Touch. _^:::; stands. "Since tile mol @ tular @ Ori ^ tieruB ^ mx £ on one side of the Padene is different from that on the other, the f ^, d @ n sum tends to bend or -! To twist or roll, as this te fig. 2 is singed. ■ - .-;,.

It is not clear why, however, a golf ball hit on this surface moves in a straight line without deviating from it when the ball comes to a stop. Possibly it is due to the fact that the longer pads 27 under fundamentally. The configuration is retained, as in Pig. 2, tend to accept arbitrary SteTLuy (rather than from the Pig in 2'dargestellten regular SMluw ;, so that the same resistance offered to the ball, without regard to its direction of movement relative to the _chain;.. The tissue Of course, if this tissue on a slope: is used, gravity has a certain effect on the direction of the ball's movement, but this direction of movement is not influenced or changed due to the nature of the surface / 12;.;

j "■ '■■■ -. · ■ ·:

Am another part of the gate of the artificial turf according to. the invention is that the Sallabbrems -; ■ \ extent on this lawn to that of a natural Ra-! sens is very similar. Rolls on a usual artificial turf; a golf ball many times farther when driven by a given force than is the case on a natural lawn. This unwanted>! Obtaining is overcome according to the invention.

BATH

Eb is of course also within the scope of the invention »to manufacture an artificial rabbit in which the pad loops 16 are formed from a plurality of monofilament ribbons; for example-a plurality, e.g. B. 6 ribbons, combined in groups, and then this group is woven into the base. In some cases this is even preferred because when these loops are cut the different ends of the short lengths tend to flair out from each other, and likewise the ends of the long lengths after being pulled out of the The rootstock separates, creating a strong intermingling and thereby creating a greater resemblance to natural grass.

BO9034 / 106O

Claims (1)

Si t'k. «*, ££» - «3 = s i? Ft T, lying "=» © € © £> © read ψ © η in i © s> © sieli -i@sata.sj 41 © trsdiigs ^^ aiB iis © iass ^ o ^ Ssre S ice ^ sgb SLos at least © ®® © ia @ ® target i, © s @ a S'E 4th © 5? T ! ©! §34 /! YOU BAD OWGlNAL to give said threads a twist or curling " , 6 »- Artificial rabbit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermoplastic monofade» BMa polyamide »polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate and. In the form of a volume with an essentially reoliteolcigeia cross section and a liter Ton above 300 den. , ' 7. Procedure «ta? Herst eilwog of an artificial ra-. • sensι in particular a grass-like leppiehs, according to - one of claims 1-6, characterized in that · one a) produces a Sepploh with a pad, aas which has a large number of Selilingen series' or - run from a synthetic thread material, stretches, ·. where file loops are arranged in rows and each other Across the carpet, in a direction across the said one Xiaufen extend? .'- * b) cuts and separates the loops in a first row at a point near their tips, and '■ " cJ «if a« wide row of loops, which ^{is adjacent to the v} "first row," applies tension in order to ... Aeihe extends to pull out. 8 «method according to claim 7, characterized t AaA steps b and c are alternately : 'reverse sequence', executes along the carpet. 9 »Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that» that the synthetic thread is in the form of a ribbon. 10. The method according to any one of claims 7-91, characterized in that the loops are under tension pulls over a sharp edge when pulling it out of the surface, the sharp edge in the way acts to increase the molecular orientation on one side of the thread. change and thereby a three-way or Bring about rolling of the thread. '. ■■ » 11. The method according to any one of claims 7-10, characterized characterized in that the synthetic thread has a titer in the range of 300-1200 den. 12. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that that the manufacture of the carpet in stage a is carried out by weaving. ·, 13 * Method meh one of claims 7-12, characterized characterized in that the tape has a width in the range of 0.0254-0.762 cm (0.01-0.3 "). 9ΙΪ S ft 3 4/106 ö Blank page