DE1812747A1 - Device for loading and unloading heat storage devices - Google Patents

Description

Vi. IM MAAS OR W. C. PF = IPFER

FAfEHTAU .7 OLD 8 MONKS 23 UNOERE "SI" ASSE 25 DK l6l2 / la

1 8 1 7 7 L 7

Accessair S.A .. Zug, Switzerland

Device for charging and discharging heat storage devices

The invention relates to a heat storage device with a heatable core from a heat-storing Maeae and a thermal insulation jacket, as well Channels that pass through the core and in which dee Device a convection current is generated by means of a Qebläses. By win the increasing supply of electrical energy at low tariffs Heat storage devices are becoming more and more important in economic terms. Known night current heat storage devices have a storage core made of one material with high specific heat that can be heated to very high temperatures. These heat storage devices must have a thick-walled insulation jacket at the very high temperatures of the storage core. Further a fan is provided in known devices, which promotes room air through the storage core when the heat is unloaded.

As a result of the thick-walled insulation jacket, the known night-time heat storage devices have a large overall depth, so that they are not under windows can be set up «Furthermore, an impairment of cooling due to free convection of the housing surface causes an increase in the Surface temperature. This behavior becomes even dangerous if, for example, items of clothing or paper lie on such a device because then the surface in these no longer cooled areas becomes so hot that there is a risk of fire. Also have to these devices are located a considerable distance from the wall. Finally, when discharging known heat storage devices, a device must be provided which, at the outlet of the device, mixes room air with the strongly heated air conveyed through the storage core, so that the air outlet temperature reaches a certain upper limit does not exceed. If this device fails, there is also an acute risk of fire.

It is already known to use masses to store heat! absorb latent heat at relatively low temperatures with phase transition.

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Sine object of the invention is to use memory maaea create this type of night-time heat storage devices that do not have to be heated to the conventionally high temperatures and a relatively low construction depth, referring to the heat content so that they can be placed inconspicuously and organically in every room can be

Thin-walled insulation is only possible with high-quality insulation materials Find use, which experience has shown, however, in their temperature resistance are limited, and e.g. in the case of vacuum isolation all the more The lower the highest temperature that occurs during operation, the more effective they are lies.

Sq has now been found that this target masses with conventional heating in connection with the use of latent memory "not ?; to realize is

A conventional storage device consists of a storage core with an air duct »In the part of the storage core where the air duct begins, the storage device © !.» by oiatretende tree air very quickly bia near room temperature approach cooled while in other Bereis ": - has '^ iooh almost dia Anf & agstemperatur examples of for example 700 ° C' .malten * - If only as I'iusiadung ±. n this state is completed, the temperature in Speicherkerwieder evens out to arneuten charge. the zones with high remaining energy content so give as long energy to the discharged areas, until a mean temperature has leveled off "Dieae mid © temperature dee The storage core is thus a measure for the residual heat content.In contrast to these conventional devices, the temperature of a storage core made of latent storage mass hardly changes during the actual discharge period. Therefore, there is no balance of energy between a discharged area and a fully charged area of the storage core take place «because there is no temperature gradient between these areas * The invention is therefore the The basic task is to create conditions when charging the device that make it possible to charge areas with different heat levels at the start of charging to the same level of heat «

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The invention solves this problem in that the discharge serving channels in the memory core also during the loading process of hot air flows through it, which acts as a heat transfer medium a heat source, e.g. an electric heater and the storage core. According to the invention, a latent storage mass is used as the storage material, the transformation temperature of which is below the for the insulation is the maximum permissible temperature. Also will the selection of the storage mass according to the invention is determined in that the phase transformation i below the maximum operating temperature de « Blower lies. The invention preferably provides fans that can be used for both charging and discharging of the device. ,

The temperature range of the heated air flow used for charging is selected according to the invention in such a way that the activation of the Heating source at a temperature just slightly above the specified Operating temperature of the storage core is, and the switch-off takes place at a temperature that is only slightly below the maximum permissible temperature of the insulation.

The heated air gives warmth only so long during the charging period to the individual areas of the storage core until all areas have reached the same end temperature, which is close to the switch-off temperature of the thermostat mentioned. Those areas of the Storage core that still has the full energy of at the beginning of the charge of the last charge, experience only a small increase in energy from potential heat, while those areas of the Storage cores that have given up their latent energy, even then, if they are still at conversion temperature, they can be fully charged again.

The invention therefore provides that a heating source for heating the Air is arranged in an air duct, which is followed by a storage core for storing latent energy with air ducts is, at any point in the circuit a fan for promotion

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BATH ORIGINAL

the air is arranged. When the device is charging, the named channels form a closed circuit. The discharge can by means of a heat exchanger arranged in this circuit or by virtue of the fact that the circuit is made up of suitable air guiding elements . such as flaps or valves, during the discharge period in an open one Cycle is transformed. The heating source is switched on and off thermostatically in a specified temperature interval. the Interruption of the closed circuit during the charging phase takes place - preferably behind the heating source, which means that the device is also can be used for room air heating when the storage core is not charged

The invention is explained using the examples:

W Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment according to the invention partially in section, with parts being shown interrupted.

FIG. 2 shows a section along the line H-II in FIG.

3 shows a sectional view of a further embodiment the invention.

FIG. K shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3 "FIG. 5 shows a section along the line VV in FIG. 3"

6 shows a further embodiment of the invention, with parts of the device and housing are omitted

FIG. 7 shows a section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 6.

8 shows a view of yet another embodiment, partially in section.

FIG. 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8 in one Position of the fan housing.

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Fig. 10 shows a section along the line IX-IX in Fig. 8 in the other position of the fan housing.

Fig. 11 shows a similar embodiment as Fig. 8 in Cut.

Fig. 12 shows the lower part of Fig. 11, but with a different position of the fan housing.

Fig. 13 shows an embodiment designed as an underfloor device according to the invention in section during loading operation.

Fig. Ik shows the device shown in Fig. 13 in section in the unloading mode.

Fig. I ^ shows the flap mechanism according to a design of the invention in section.

Fig. 16 shows a wall mounting device according to the invention in a perepectifisoher view, with parts being omitted.

FIG. 17 shows a partial section in the plane XVII in FIG. 16.

Fig. 18 shows a schematic representation of the inner Structure of the built-in wall device shown in FIG. 16 in charging mode.

Fig. 19 shows the internal structure of this device in the unloading mode.

In Fig. 1 and 2, a heat storage device 1 with a storage core 2, an insulation jacket 3, a heat source 4, a Fan 5 and a heat exchanger 6 for removing the heat is shown.

The individual elements 7 of the memory core are cubic in shape Building blocks and "consist of a substance that undergoes a phase change between the maximum charging temperature and the lower discharge temperature while absorbing and releasing latent heat. Such storage masses are known. The building blocks 7 are layered on top of one another,

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8ADOfUGJNAU

that channels 8 are formed between these blocks that the air can flow. These channels are formed by the modules 7 in such a way that the individual modules are uniform when the fan is in operation be flowed around by the charging current.

When the storage material is being charged, the heating source h, which can for example be an electrical heating element, is switched on. This heat source is arranged on the suction side of the fan and baffles 9 are provided in order to reduce the charging current. Supplying the heat source · When charging, the heat exchanger 6 is pivoted into the position 10 shown with a dashed line, so that it does not absorb any heat and does not impede the flow. When the storage device is being discharged, the heat exchanger 6 is in the position shown with solid lines and is fully flowed through by the circulation flow. When unloading di ^r heat source is turned off.

In Fig. 3 to 5 an embodiment is shown in which the storage core 32 is divided into vertical cylinders 37, whereby the air ducts 33 result from the spaces between the cylinders. The insulating jacket 33 surrounds said storage core. A flap 30 is rotatable about a pivot point 20 in the pressure range of the fan; 35 arranged »When the device is unloaded, the only flap 30 is in the position shown in FIG. K with solid lines. The air is sucked in through the grille 22 along the arrow 23, flows through the inlet Zk and the channels 38 through the storage core and out of the outlet 25 into the fan and leaves the device through the outlet grille 31 «Here the heating element is 3 ^ switched off. When charging, the flap is pivoted into the position 30 'shown with dashed lines, so that an inner circulation circuit is formed in that the fan 35, the heating element Jk, which is now switched on, and the storage core are connected in series.

Fig. 6 illustrates a twin device with two blocks 60 and 61 which Storage cores 62 have * In the storage cores, the individual elements are arranged in the form of long cylinders 63 in such a way that they are like in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 to 5, the channels aas the. ? tie "; between the cylinders. The length diminishes each of the

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Cylinder elements 63 are smaller than the length dimension of the interior of the housing a, so that with the arrangement of the cylinder elements 63 shown in Fig. 6 offset against one another, two input collecting spaces 6k, two connecting collecting spaces 65 (only the one shown) and two output collecting spaces 66 are formed *

During unloading, the air length of the arrows 70,... 71 and 67 enters the storage cores 62 through the openings 68. The U-shaped flap ? Z is pivoted about the pivot point 73 in the position 7k shown in dashed lines during the loading period. The storage core 62 leaves the air through the exit ammunition rooms 66 and the openings and, after flowing through the double fan 75, enters the channel 76 which contains the heating source 77. The heated room air emerges from the storage device along the arrows 262 through the distribution channel 78 and the outlet openings 260 and 26I.

During the charging period, the flap 72 is in the fully extended position and when the heating source 77 is switched on, the charging current is along the arrows 263 and then, as when discharging, along the Arrows 26 * f and 265 through the, storage core, the openings 69 · the Fan 75 and circulated in the direction of arrows 79 and 266.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 10 is a Device in which the fan housing of a cross-flow fan 90 is arranged to be pivotable. In the loading position shown in FIG. 10, the blower housing 98 seals against the isolated one

Wall 92 from and waist with switched on heating element 91 hot air along the arrows 93 and 9 * t in an inner circulation circle. Of the

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Motor 96 is accommodated in cabinet 97, which is arranged isolated from the memory. For unloading, the fan housing 98 is inserted into the in Fig. 9 brought position shown. Part of the blower air re-enters the storage core along the arrows 93, so that along the Arrow 9 ^ also heated air is sucked in by the fan. A The second part flows through the exit channel 80 along the arrows 99 and leaves the device through the grille 81. In the fan 90 is the longitudinal of the arrow 8l entering cold air is mixed with the heated air entering along the arrow 9 * +, so that at the outlet 8l of the device

Air escapes at a temperature that is not impermissibly high. So it can P is the air outlet temperature by pivoting the fan housing 98 are kept almost constant during the discharge process.

The control of the pivoting mechanism museum of the fan housing 98 can in known way done by bi-metal substances. It is highlighted that the sections shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 through the air ducts, which are located between the storage elements 82 are placed, so 9 and 10, therefore, the memory components are not shown in section.

In Fig. 11 is a cross section through a channel of a device with a memory core configuration as shown in Fig. 8, for example, shown. An ascending channel 100 and a descending channel 101 are provided. The housing 109 of the fan I08 is in turn pivotable trained bar. In the charging position shown in FIG

_{ω switched on} the heating element 10J and the fan sucks the out of the

Air flowing back into duct 101 and blows it into the ascending duct 100 via the heating element * P 103. A sealing the outside ^a 'opening 110 is not necessary because the fan housing seals ausβen in this position at the locations 105 and 111, the circulation flow to

In the unloading position shown in FIG. 12, the fan housing 109 seals against the partition wall 112, which is located between the ducts 100 and 101, so that the fan sucks in air along the arrow 107 from the outside through the storage core along the arrow 106 and along the Arrow 113 blows out heated. _x

13 and 1 * »is an underfloor heat storage device according to the Invention shown in section. In the loading mode, which is shown in Fig. 13, a flap 130 bleeds the channels 132 and 133 from below,

so that the from the fan 13 ^ through the heating element 135 along the I.

Arrow 136 conveyed air flows through the channels 133 of the storage core 137 and re-enters the fan ^{through the RUokfUhrkanal 139, along the arrow I 1 K).}

In the unloading position of the flap 130 shown in Fig. 1h , the air is sucked in through the channel 132 from the outside along the arrow 1 ^ 1 and in the manner shown along the arrows 136 and 1 ^ 2 through the memory and the discharge channel 133 along the arrow 143 blown out again warmed up.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 15, in which only the flap control mechanism and the fan are shown in section in the lower part of the device, two flaps 111 and 113 are provided. Which storage core located between the insulation plates 117 and Il8 has two length channel systems which are separated from one another by a partition 116. When shown with solid lines Position of the flaps 111 and 113 is the air along the arrow 126

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sucked into the device and flows through the memory, causing exe lengthways of arrow 127 enters fan 110 and from the fan through the channel 119 does not show the access grille arranged above leaves * In the clusters shown with dashed lines 112 and 114 of the flaps are the air from the fan dtarcft that now switched on heating element 121 is pressed along arrow 120, after which the air flows through the accumulator along arrows 122 and 123, as well as along the arrow 125 to the suction side of the EurSckkebrt blower

FIGS. 16 to 19 show a storage device which is built into the wall between two trees and is connected to the wall by frames 200, it being used for heating both. Trees can serve * The storage room is divided by a vertical partition 201 into two communicating halves on the top, which are closed off from the air duct 202 by the partition 203 * This partition is broken for one half by the suction opening of the blower 20% _f for the other half through the slot 2 © 6 provided with a flap 205.

Fig. 18 shows the charging process. The fan 20h conveys the air heated by a heating element, not shown, through the slot 206 to the second device half 207 'and blows it upwards through the storage core 208, from where it flows back through the upper air collector 209 corsage into the first device half 210 and its storage core flowing downwards heated. The exhaust openings 211/212 (Fig. 17) after the two trees are closed, as is the suction opening 213/214 of the device. The sheet metal wall 215 together with the flap 206 serves to separate the suction and pressure chamber of the CeKLSsea.

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In FIG. 19, the flap 206 is closed, the air is passed through a or both channels 213/21 * + through both memory cores downwards sucked and optionally through the openings 211/212 in one or both Blown rooms (Fig. 17) · The flaps of the suction openings open in this case automatically against spring pressure, so that only the flaps of the inflation openings, coupled with the flap 206, for triggering the discharge operation must be operated.

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Claims (1)

Claim 1 Heat storage device with a heatable core from a heat-storing Ground and a heat-insulating jacket. as well as with at least one channel penetrating the core, in which an air flow is generated by means of a fan when the device is unloaded, thereby marked that a) the storage core using a storage mass, the latent energy is able to store, is made, _ ^ b) at least one air duct in the housing of the device and outside the Storage cores is arranged, which communicates with the channel of the storage core, c) a fan and a heating source (preferably an electric resistance heater) in any order in the air circuit is arranged d) the channels can be connected in series, e) Devices are provided for the extraction of heat during unloading, f) a thermostat during the charging period the heating source at a The temperature switches on which is above the transformation temperature <the ψ latent storage temperature and switches off the heating source when the charging temperature is reached, g) the device housing has insulation that is designed for a maximum internal temperature with regard to permissible external temperatures corresponding to the charging temperature. claim Z Heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Device for extracting heat is designed as a heat exchanger (6) which is arranged in a closed circuit. 909832/0948 ^{1 ιιΓΙ |} ί; ^{| ι} "! ϊ» ιρ ^| ! ΐ! ΐ! | ΐ! ΐΓΐ! ϊ !! ^ι ! ϊ ¹ 'ί!; ^ ΐ! ΐ "'. ', ^ι ·'^ι; Ίμι '::. -V Claim 3 Heat storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that the «the The heat exchanger (6) can be arranged so that it can be swiveled so that it can be swiveled Charging period can be brought into a position (10) in veloher he does not represent an air resistance claim H Heat storage device according to Claim 1, characterized in that there is a Device (30) is provided by which the closed circuit in the charging period is interrupted (Fig. Ό. Claim 5 Heat storage device according to claim 1 and optionally h, characterized in that a flap (30) can be pivoted in such a way that it closes an outlet opening (31) in one position and thus an air channel between the outlet (25) of the heat absorber (32) and the Entrance (24) is generated, while in the other position it interrupts this channel and releases an air outlet opening (31). Claim 6 Heat storage device according to claim 1 and optionally 5, characterized in that the one running outside the storage core (32) Channel has ventilation openings (22) at the lowest point of the device (which avoids a second flap). Claim 7 Heat storage device naoh Anepruch 1, characterized in that the Storage core (32) on one only downwards with two openings (2h, 25) provided housing (33) is enclosed. 909832/0948 _, _ BAD ORtGlNAL Claim 8 yy Heat storage device according to claim 1 and optionally 7, characterized in that that the channels arranged in the storage core run so that the flow through the device is U-shaped (figures). Claim 9 , Heat storage device according to claim 1 and optionally 8, characterized in that that the air inlet and air outlet openings d®e Storage bodies are at different heights and connected to ducts whose downward-facing openings have not been discharged for at least as long becomes, deeper, al® the lower opening of the salivary body « Claim IO Heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage core is flown through in a U-shape in the direction (93) and that the fan (90/98) is pivotably arranged so that the outlet area is in an end position (Fig . 10) communicates with the accumulator core, while this communicates in the other end position (Fig · S) old an outlet area (81) · ^! Claim 11 Heat storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that under a storage core with a U-shaped flow (100/101) a blower (108/109) is arranged so that it can be pivoted so that the inlet and outlet of the storage core duct (100 / 101) 'communicate and in the other end position the entry old communicates a storage core channel (101) and uw exit laboratory with ®i »sr exit opening of the housing« (110) * 909832/0948 ^ 8AD ORJGJNAL Claim 12 A * Heat storage device according to claim I _1, characterized in that the insulated storage area is flowed through in a U-shape and there are two channels (132/133) arranged next to it and that the air is circulated in the isolated storage area during charging and through a channel ( 132) is sucked in and blown out through a second channel (133). Claim 13 Heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that sub-λ half of a U-shaped flow-through memory cores (115) flaps, a fan (110) and two (ill / 113) 1 and the device has a vertical channel are arranged (119), wherein a flap (111) connects the exit area of the blower (110) either with the duct (119) or the storage core duct (122), while the second flap (113) connects the exit area of the blower either with an inlet opening (126) or the duct of the spear core (123) connects. claim lh Heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that it ale flat device is designed, which can be arranged in a wall, and both inlet openings (213/21 * 0 and outlet openings (211/212), which allow any intensive heating of one or both rooms by means of suitable adjustment devices. Claim Ig Heat storage device according to Claim Ik, characterized in that it is pushed into a door frame-like frame (200) which is arranged in the wall. - 909832/0948 Claim, if with a heatable core Matts® that store icfirms and a warmth-edging motel, as well as a latmiBjetin * in which the device is discharged when the device is discharged
One thing is that »t®titer received« daattrcsli gtlMimMleli ¹ · net »that the xanalaystem and the otbläsi» imttr V®t »w®« - generation of late cases with Phaieisamwtnitafiftn in the area of iu2 Betriti %ipi® ®ratwefi ebenteläs swi Ladet dee SpeiftherkexOiiiee is used, itfiilfsi this Ia- nS.% 9, the Qebllftss um. a fieisquelle in an ab @ n <ililos8 # · nen inner firkulationskreio in ^ within the isolating · »dumbbell® are glued one behind the other '. Mmnnspiehergerät according to claim 16, dadurcsti gelcenntioli "ntt _t " Sfttt a device cum covering the above
dee Ei & destromes intended int. 18th ilffmeepeietiergerät according to claim 16 or If ₀
kennielehnet that the Reisquell® and / or #isn
ioher vAhlifelee in the inner circle of sirtculation »@in»
eahaUimr are arranged, being tfleaer. V8s «etAtiBoliev Wr it to a lighter circle. siaoh Ansrpttali l @ _f ttnittiFiiit g «tennseieh fitt« da · »the irirmetaueohtp in» one
• It is trtlnt, the caseB with action
a Xonvektor durohsetst »tfelotep & i%
co-integrates. 909832/0948 ,,, _vi BAD ORIGINAL Claim 20 ftf TratraospelehorgerSt according to claim 16 or 17 »characterized in that a Mcohaniemus is provided Intladen de · derates the inner circle of circulation before or interrupts behind the Ocbllse and so to the AuscenatM · Phlre sees that the bit demands air through the spit core, which is sucked in from the outside and drawn out near the outside will give. Claim 21 Heat spreader after one of the previous speeches, characterized in that it is constructed as an underfloor board with its air inlet and outlet openings at its Lying on top. Claim 22 Heat storage device according to claims 16 " - 20" characterized in that it is designed as a cubic device that is suitable for installation in a wall. Claim 2j Oerit according to claim 20, characterized in that the üeehaitlsaais, who interrupts the circulation circuit when unloading the Qerlte, is a rattleman. claim 2H Oerlt according to claim 20, characterized in that the Meohanlasjus interrupts the circulation cycle when it is open and has an "open door opening". 909832/0940 SADOflKSiNAL