DE1803612C3 - Protractor - Google Patents

Description

plate (1, 20, 26) opposite this together with a common, flat protractor

the scale carrier (19) of the second Winkelmes- (German utility model 1 686 353) to

sers is rotatably arranged. whose center of the scale can be swiveled by a ruler,

4. Protractor according to claims 1 to 3, 30 whose edge on the scale under a marked by a turntable (21) is adjustable at the correct angle to the scale base line, the center of the angular division of the base plate to be able to mark the angle easier and more precisely (1 , 20, 26), on which de scale carrier (19) of the NEN, as it is possible with the generally customary, simple angle second protractor and there, ruler (5, 12) without a ruler.

are pivotably mounted. 35 Finally, there is a protractor for determining

5. Protractor according to claims 1 to 4, proposed by solid angles (German characterized in that the base plate patent specification 1 264 791), in which on a fixed, bü- (26) is approximately semicircular and the scale bar-shaped semicircle is diameiral a disk-shaped (32) of the second protractor a scale-shaped full circle around a vertical axis has about 90 degrees. 40 is rotatably mounted, this rotary movement with

6. Protractor according to claims 1 to 5, te'ls a pointer on the scale of a base plate and thus characterized in that its items can be shown. Furthermore, the full circle is around one by means of snap locks releasably with each other horizontal axis rotatable and this rotary movement are connected. can be indicated with a second pointer. Another,

45 ring-shaped full circle can be swiveled around the

in turn swiveling disk-shaped full circle and slidable, finally both Voilcircles have a common center

The invention relates to an angle measuring device. With this protractor, a sought-after

with a basic 50 solid angle bearing an angular division by simply setting it to the opposite

plate, one perpendicular to the base plate and mechanically determined in the same size and on one

Projection through the center of the base plate base scale can be read. The angle you are looking for

running scale carrier of a second angular measurement can therefore be determined without arithmetic operation,

sers, whose object of the invention, which limits the angle to be measured, is based on

Component on the base plate around a simple 55 unit of the type mentioned above.

To create plate plane lying perpendicular to the plane of the two protractor, which in particular to

th protractor arranged axis pivotable use in schools and the like. Is suitable and with

is. its help at the same time angle in two to each other

With a known protractor (German pa- perpendicular planes can be measured, such as

tentschrift 36 889), the base plate is circular, for example on the corner; of a cube occurs

Shaped disk with "a full circle scale. To be tipped vertically.

this base plate and in the projection through the To achieve the object is according to the invention

Running the center of the base plate is a two-suggested that the angle to be measured determines

ter scale carrier arranged, which is designed as a ruler in the shape of a component bordering the hai, which

ben has a circular arc and in side bearings 65 has a longitudinal slot through which the perpendicular

is pivotable. Finally, there is a third, semi-circular scale carrier of the intermediate

and a disk-shaped scale carrier is provided which protrudes through the protractor,

in its initial position perpendicular to the two other At tier solution according to the invention it is

A protractor with a simple construction is parallel to the base plate 1. The swivel joint ⁴

""! ^ Measuring angles in two dimensions / .. Yi. has a slot 6.

7eiehiuinuen and of angles in three dimensions- A lineai5 indicates such a large and

Know him "in connection with further advantages arranged slot 7 that the scale truger J is

"Particularly suitable in schools 5 ι ade fits through and the ruler 5 therefore over au

^m rh \ Zi'i ^ '"- n further advantages there is the F.ig- scale of the scale carrier3 can be swiveled,

α for guiding in trigonometric fun'aio- The ruler 5 has a central marking in the form

η «like 'U their explanation, for the measurement of a straight line 10 which, starting from the im

■ numerical functions. With a corresponding slot6 arranged end of the ruler S in / -euu

STesain'.m is the protractor for calculating "meter is divided. The end that will happen in Schiit.6

JS MesM.im of length and height from above the ruler 5 is rounded off in such a way that the! Uneai

, · Ηρπ a - M'met The protractor according to the Er- and thus the line 10 around which the PunU9 entai

fduna is * after all because of the possibility the tende end can be twisted. One edge of the

Necessary production suitable for mass production. Rulers continue to have an inch scale.

^P nH can easily be put together in one plane for transport instead of the ruler shown in FIG

S ¹ ITd -.'-. are further advantages, such as those shown in FIG. 4 in particular. The

r ic 'use of the device in de, - school in Fig. 4 shown ruler 12 has an O now, 17,

h 'n-vert are a slot 13, an end section 14 with> «« «*

Ruler "independent of the protractor migem cross-section, a center line 15, one, u, 1 cent-

- to be able to use distances from meter or inch calibrated length scales_l6 and gge

lb d Li fll i Skl 25 on the in '^ "^ ¹ ^ ¹¹

n, i <

; -To be able to use of routes, «meters or inches g g

If necessary, a scale 25, which is releasably connected to each protractor, is shown in

i d Läihiten Unterte.lt

i <L, detachably connected to each protractor, if necessary a scale 25, ^^^.

η.-iter arrangement of the trfindum. with other units of length Unterte.lt is. Mi.Aus si 1-i provided with longitudinal division. In addition, the end piece 14 would have all the edges of the L.nedattineai on <fer connecting parts. “It tapered to a point as 16 (in the 9 ™ ^ ™ ^ ΓΑ he this together with the a ₅ The ruler 12 also has a recess; 6 aut

The scale of the second protractor is set to 30. linen'S or 12 ab-

a turntable in the center of the angle division When not in use, the ^ -5 ^ between 1.4

^ S! ISSU -dung ^ tsS

wa over 90 degrees. Wmke.njesse «after the invention

For easy disassembly of W.nkc diameter vv.rd order ^ 1 ^^^^^^, the scales _will

Finally, in a further development of the invention level, the W ™ «« ·

suggested that its individual parts by means of snap-exchanger 3 "" ^ "^ ™ 3" £ J ₁ Tr Wei "s.nd interconnected via closures .osbar. 40 ^ lien and the ^ fJ ^ _n ^ ¹ _{of the angle-Zvi.}

The invention is based on the Ze.ch- deη SkJ * ™ Φ * "™" ^ _{0 of the base plate}

explanation explained; see it show dun line _{d is then lets}

Fig., Up to 3 each a Ausungsbe.sp.el ,,. perspek- glcxh d «J ^" ^^ _{on the scale of the} scale-

tivischer representation, = "' ^u . ^B - _blcse n You can do one at the same time

management example, ... · j

Fig. 6 tine in plan view further scale of two, the ° ^ ^ ^^ _{t of the base plate lie} ene

th embodiment .. ,,., · _v . _{r s} ,, angle measure, the ruler is gegebtnen-

F i g. 7 in a plan view the vortex-like ver den γνιηκβι to mw,. _bß ,

Binding part in the second embodiment, ^ _n Sf "e knives used in any way.

Fig. 8 in plan view a scale of the third Aus ^ VSd SS 90 and 180 degrees

leadership example, and _n . , Which is intended to _Ί Tpmossen, the scale transformer is

Fig. 9 in plan view of the swivel joint assembly can be measured ^ ο _{ι making its}

in the third embodiment. "J" ¹ J "is a continuation of the scale 2. After the Ausungsbe.sp el shown in Fig. 1 ^^^^ 3 _fl J _{h has been} placed, the Li shows a base plate 1 with a straight edge 11, dcJ | kajartraga i f. J _{rf wcrd} s and the base plate bears a scale 2. A water scale 60 ncfll 5 or lim a 6 ^^ _um Icnträger3 with another scale, sharperfor- "» Jer level of the ^ above. un PB ^ _t ^ _mcsscn . mig connected to the base plate 1 at 8. The Ska angles π , which idicn the plane ü ^ ^ _{def | idicn, starting} from the joint 8, are used in each case from 0 to Das ^ »™ ^me _{La en} . 90 degrees in both directions calibrated ^We Dc ^'s ^ Jf ^ _n "^ _ch ^ _for measuring 1 lohen verGrundplatte 1 further comprises a · Schwcnklager 4 6 ₅ The Ger." J ^Annau _{m is the Linea,} 5 _bz w "2 which in the Ebcnr the base plate turns around whom ^c" ''"," i · _{Sch. ! 2} 6 _c inste! H SSS; is rotatable, on which the axes of the speak ™ r ^ undpla ^ c ¹ ,, .. ^. ^^ hciclcn scales intersect in that plane before if

Point 9 is introduced on the device and an object known. That swallow inward

is, that angle between the point tail-shaped widening ends of the holder egg

at the top of the object and point 9 on 24 are used to hold the ruler 12 in the slot 2 '.

Base plate 1 exists, in the horizontal position of and the ribs 37 support the holding of the Ska

Base plate 1 can be measured in that you have 5 lenträgers 19 in the slot 22. By turning the rotation

the ruler5 or 12 rotates around the scale carrier3. plate 21 can be the scale carrier 19 on the ground

To carry out such measurements, the lip plate 20 must be rotated.

neal 5 or 12 expediently with two not shown. If the circular base plate 20 is located in the projections on its center line 10 or 15 verse horizontal plane, you can hen by turning. By rotating the ruler 12 or 15 io hen the ruler 12 around its end 14 angle in de these projections are brought into alignment and measure the vertical plane. If this is desired between the ruler 5 or 12 and the scale of the plane can be measured at the same time an angle in the horizontal scale carrier 3 existing angle can be measured. Distances from de will be. The height of the object can then be calculated from the axis, ie lengths of sides of triangles, can be calculated from the tangent of the angle obtained on the scales 16 or 25 of the ruler 12. The hypotenuse can be used for smaller angles. The device can also be used to measure the triangle between the ruler 5 and 12, the height of objects. Either the horizontally held plane of the base plate 1 is the ruler 12 perpendicular to the base plate 2 (and the object is held by means of the measuring scale and the height is measured directly, or it is on the ruler 5 or with the help of the scales 16 or 30 Then, when the distance of the axis of the device; 25 is measured on the ruler 12, from which the object is then known, that angle ge measure the height of the object or the distance from point 9, which the tip of the object with the device until the object can be calculated Base plate 20 can be formed on the axis of the instrument by obtaining the sine or cosine of the corresponding angle when the base plate 20 is inserted in a horizontal position the two or more sides of the triangle, the soft scale rotates on the scale carrier 19. For such measurements from the plane of the horizontally held statements, the ruler 12 is expediently with at least ten «plate 1, atm object and the plane of the ruler 2 - not shown - protrusions on its co-formed are known, then the tell line 15 can be provided. By appropriate ver tangent. Cosine or sine of the angle between the pivoting of the ruler 12, this projection can be brought into alignment with the ruler 5 or 12 and the scale carrier 3 and the angular position can be calculated. of the ruler 12 is read on the scale carrier 19.

It is also possible to sen the device as a right angle. The height of the object can then be divided

to use, in which case the straight edge 11 calculating using the tangent of this angle

the base plate I and the ruler5 and 12, which are both 35. For smaller objects, the hypothetical

form the parts of this right angle. nuse of the triangle, which from the ruler 12, which is in dei

It can be seen that this embodiment of the horizontal plane held base plate 20 unci

Invention both as a protractor, as a ruler, as the object is formed by means of the scales Ii

Altitude measuring device, for measuring the tangent, or 25 can be measured on the ruler 12 and then

Cosine and sine as well as the distances from Ge 4 "can be the height of the object or the distance

objects are used, in addition to the axis of the instrument from the object

to be able to measure angles in three using the sine or cosine of so

Dimensions. formed angle can be calculated. If an-

The in the F i g. 2,5,6 and 7 - on the other hand, two or more sides of the triangle are

approximately example has a semicircular 45 are known, which of the horizontally lying

Protractor 19 with a semicircular recess base plate 20, the object and the plane of the

18 on the axis of its scale. A circular ruler 12 is formed, then tangent, co-

The base plate 20 has a rotatable bearing for the sine or sine of the angle between the ruler 12 and

see, which in turn a circular turntable scale carrier 19 are calculated. For measuring

21, the rotated 50 in the plane of the base plate 20 can only angles lying in one plane

can be, as well as has four holding parts 24, the base plate 20 together with the ruler 12

in turn, two mutually perpendicular slots 22 and are turned. The end portion 14 of the ruler 12

23 form. The ends of the holding parts 24 next to the is placed in the slot 23 on the base plate 20

Slot 23 are undercut obliquely towards the inside. and the ruler 12 can then be in the plane of the

Each support part 24 also has a rib 37. 55 base plate 20 can be rotated.

The edges of the scale carrier 19 and the basic In the removed state, the ruler 12

plate 20 are tapered in a wedge shape. Which are used to measure lengths and which

two protractors 19 and 20 are together two protractors (19) and (20) can be used for

used with a ruler 12 in the same way as above for measuring angles in the known manner.

having regard to F i g. 4 was explained. 60 places.

When assembling the device, the end section 14 of the ruler 12 can thus be inserted into the semicircular recess 18 of the scale carrier 19 in addition to measuring angles in three dimensions. A NEN as a combination of two protractors verSector of the scale carrier 19 will be turned through the slot, pushed as a ruler to measure height 13 and then the end portion 14 65 or distances from objects and to the ruler; 12 inserted into the slot 23 of the turntable 21, measuring the tangent, cosine and sine of the Win on the circular base plate 20, crooked.
at the same time the scale carrier 19 in the slot 22 In the configuration shown in FIGS.

The guide, which is formed as a base plate 26, has the guide Protractor has a scale 27 which is calibrated in both directions from 0 to 180 °, and a straight one Edge 34. The base plate 26 has a pivot joint 29 which is about the axis of the Scale 27 is designed to be rotatable and removable from the base plate 26. The pivot joint 29 is shown in detail in FIG. 9, after which it initially has two iiv.hliize 30 and 31. The slot 30 has four ribs 38, two on each cord of the slot. A quadrant-shaped scale carrier 32 has a scale 33 ranging from 0 to 90 degrees. never content of this quadrant-shaped The scale carrier can be clearly seen in FIG. The edges of the base plate 26 and the scale support 32 can be beveled. The device is also equipped with a ruler 12 which has an opening 17, a slot 13, an end portion 14, a center line 15 and scales 16 and 25, such as has already been described above with reference to Fig. 4.

To assemble the device, the swivel joint 29 is - if necessary - on the base plate 26 applied, and the quadrant-shaped scale carrier 32 is mounted in the slot 30 of the Schwenkgclenks 29 in such a way that the axes of the both scales 27 and 33 go through the same point 35 on the axis of the swivel joint 29. the Ribs 38 serve to hold the protractor 32 in the slide 30. The end section 14 of the ruler 12 is then inserted into the slot 31 on the swivel joint 29, and the quadrant-shaped scale carrier 32 is partially pushed through the slot 13 of the ruler 12.

By rotating the swivel joint 29, the scale carrier 32 can be rotated about the base plate 26. If necessary, the part of the base plate 26 located within the scale 27 can be provided with a (not shown) groove and the scale carrier 32 can have a - also not shown - projection have at that edge which is in contact with the base plate 26, so that in the Groove protruding projection of the quadrant-shaped scale carrier 32 rotated above the base plate 26 without the risk of being released.

To measure an angle in a plane perpendicular to the base plate 26, the ruler 12 is over the scale 33 is pivoted until the angle with the ruler 12 is equal to that to be measured. The angle can then be read on the scale 33. At the same time there can be an angle in the plane of the Base plate can be measured. Distances from point 35, i.e. lengths of sides of triangles, can be read on the scales 16 or 25 of the ruler 12.

If only one angle is to be measured in the plane of the base plate 26, then one can use the Remove the quadrant-shaped scale carrier 32 from the device. The ruler 12 can then be in the plane of Base plate 26 can be rotated around point 35.

When the quadrant-shaped scale carrier 32 is removed, the device can also be used as a right angle be used. In this case, the straight edge 34 of the base plate 26 and the ruler 12 form the two parts of the angle, taken apart The two protractors (26) and (3?) As well as the ruler 12 can also be separate for themselves be used.

The device can also be used to measure the height of objects. You can at horizontal , hold the inordinate base plate 26 of the ruler 12 perpendicular to the plate 26 and the height directly measure up. If the distance of the axis 35 of the device to the object is known, the angle, the top of the object with the horizontal

ao lying base plate 26 forms on the axis 35 of the instrument by turning the ruler 12 over the scale 33 of the scale carrier 32 can be measured. The ruler 12 is useful for such measurements zv / ei not shown projections on its mit-

tellinic 15 on. By appropriately pivoting the ruler 12, these projections can then be turned into Align and the angle at which the ruler 12 is inclined, can be seen on the scale of the scale support 32 can be read.

The height of the object can then be calculated by taking the tangent of the so obtained Angle used. For smaller objects, the hypotenuse of that triangle, which from the Ruler 12, the horizontally arranged base plate

26 and the object is formed on the scales 16 or 25 of the ruler 12 can be read, and then the height of the object or the distance from the axis 35 to the object can be calculated by taking the sine or cosine of the angle formed in this way. When two or more sides of a triangle are known, which of the horizontally arranged base plate 26, the object and the plane of the ruler 12 is formed, then the tangent, cosi-

nus or sine of that angle are calculated, the value of which by the position of the ruler 12 with respect to of the scale carrier 32 is determined.

This exemplary embodiment, too, cannot only measure angles in three dimensions can be used, but also as a combination of two protractors, as a perpendicular angle measure (»Right angle«), as a ruler and for measuring heights or distances of objects and of Tangent, cosine and sine.

As already indicated above, the devices shown are made of a transparent plastic material.

1 sheet of drawings

409615/81

Claims (3)

whose scale supports stands, in his projection patent claims if the center of the base plate intersects within half the arc of the second ska 1. Protractor is pivotable with an angular division of the bracket. With this solution came up supporting base plate, one perpendicular to 5 any right or oblique spherical. Base plate and in the projection through the triangle in a natural shape after two or three ge The center of the base plate running scales can be set, and these are missing carrier of a second protractor, whose parts of such a triangle can be without rake Determine the component limiting the angle to be measured to at least one degree on the baseplate to be one in the baseplate io. flat lying perpendicular to the plane of the second is also known a device for solving ma- Protractor arranged axis swiveling thematic tasks over spatial relationships is, characterized in that the at the center of a disk-shaped the component to be measured limiting the angle base plate with a full scale two rectangle platals ruler (5, 12) is formed, which rotates a 15 th about an axis perpendicular to the base plate Has a longitudinal slot (7, 13) through which the can be lowered (German patent specification 190 823). On the Rectangular plates arranged right to the base plate ( 1, 20, 26) are adjustable strips with which they can be adjusted Scale carrier (3, 19, 32) of the second angle measurement is erected on the base plate perpendicular sers protrudes. be able. Centered around the vertical axis 2. Protractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the base disk is also a radially directed one, which is detachably pivotable with the angle ruler, and the ruler (S, 12) connected in a radial ruler has a scale with tunj> a second ruler is movable. Having this length division. Device are the sizes of angles and 3. Protractor according to claims 1 stretch determinable and there is every point on the and 2, characterized in that the ruler 25 base plate to be identified by its coordinates (12) at the junction with the ground.