DE1778925A1 - Flat material and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Flat material and process for its manufacture

The invention relates to flat material with good surface hardness, Moisture permeability and flexibility and a method for its manufacture.

Flat materials formed from a flexible base material and from a coating layer consisting of a polymer plastic are known. However, the thickness of the coating layer is generally more than 0.1 mm, so that there are disadvantages in this respect than the specific gravity of flat materials with high moisture permeability is less than 0.5 and their hardness is low, while flat materials with high surface hardness have a specific gravity of more than 1.0 have and their liquid permeability is low.

The problem on which the invention is based is to find a solution

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of the aforementioned problems by specifying a flat material with high surface hardness, liquid permeability and flexibility and a method of making it.

Flat material according to the invention is characterized in that it is made of a fibrous base material of high flexibility and P moisture permeability and from moisture permeable Polymer film with a thickness of 0.02 to 0.09 mm and a specific gravity of 0.6 to 0.9.

Flat material according to the invention is characterized in that, although its surface hardness due to the coating layer with a relatively high specific gravity and high density is high, has good flexibility because it is relatively thin. The sheet material discussed above is prepared, for example, by the following processes, in which a polymer solution on a fibrous flexible base material is applied in such a way that a layer of the polymer is created which, after drying, becomes a Thickness of 0.02 to 0.09 mm, whereupon the Sohicht from this polymer solution with non-dissolving effect on the polymer Means is treated to make them clot to such a degree that their clotting is almost complete, yours Flowability however still remains what it is shaped on

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and then by treatment with nonsolvent to complete Coagulation is brought about, which is followed by drying. On the other hand, the still flowable, embossed polymer layer can be completed by immediately drying the layer.

Any and all flexible polymers are appropriately used in accordance with the invention, with polyurethane elastomers in particular being best. Furthermore, a mixed compound of polyurethane elastomer with less than 50 % other polymers, for example polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate, can also be used accordingly.

With regard to the thickness of the polymer solutions to be applied it is necessary that the layer of the polymer solution is so thick that after it has dried it will have a layer with it a thickness of 0.02 to 0.09 mm. The essential feature of the invention is that the applied polymer film is very thin.

When the fibrous base material is mixed with 10 to 90 wt. # Water or Another liquid is soaked before a layer of Polymeric'sung is applied to it, the adhesiveness between the base material and the applied polymer film as well as the flexibility of the product is improved. In the-

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his trap can be both a solvent for the polymer and a a non-dissolving liquid for the polymer can be used, but that for the fibrous base is desirable to use nonsolvent liquid to prevent its deterioration.

There are many types of nonsolvent clotting agents the polymer solution is suitable, but is generally advantageous Water used.

The polymer layer is not embossed until it has coagulated to such a degree that its flowability is partially is preserved. The essential feature of the invention is also related to this method.

Embossing is effective in making a smooth surface and to apply a pattern. However, according to the invention embossing not only the aforementioned tasks, but also the task of firmly compressing the polymer layer with partial flowability. By embossing the polymer layer, its specific weight reaches about 0.6 to 0.9 »and their surface hardness is increased, despite their Density has good moisture permeability because the fine-pored that is formed during a wet coagulation process Structure is retained.

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Another essential feature of the invention is that the embossing is carried out at a relatively low temperature will. Ira & general has the possibility, provided that Embossing is carried out at a high temperature that damages the layer or deteriorates its properties will. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out embossing at a low temperature. However, it was difficult because the polymer layer must have a certain flowability, embossing j to be carried out at a relatively low temperature. The invention has the advantage that the embossing at a low Temperature of for example 40 to 80 C is carried out because the polymer layer used according to the invention without an increase in temperature has a certain flowability.

The aforementioned main features of the invention are that:

1. the coating layer of the sheet is very thin;

2. Despite its density, it has good moisture permeability and

3. Their surface hardness is high.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of individual examples in which the specified proportions and percentages are based on weight.

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example 1

The melt of a mixture consisting of 45 parts nylon-6 and 55 parts polystyrene was spun into threads, whereupon the threads were drawn out in an ^{air bath heated to ISO 0} C to five times their original length, crimped and puffed up so that one staple fiber with a fineness of 3 denier and a length of 51 mm. These staple fibers were processed into webs, whereupon the webs were needle-punched to produce felt material. The felt material was impregnated with a 20% strength polyurethane elastomer solution and then solidified in a 55% strength aqueous dimethylformamide solution, washed in water, ^{freed from polystyrene in hot toluene at 80 °} C. and dried, so that a soft, fibrous base material was obtained. Both surfaces of this fibrous base were smoothed and its thickness adjusted to 1.10 mm by cutting both of its surfaces with a band blade splitter.

This fibrous base was passed through water and soaked in water, whereupon its water content was reduced to 75 % by passing it between squeegee rollers.

The hydrous fibrous base material was then on a

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The side was evenly coated at a coating amount of 250 g / m 2 with a 15 # polyurethane elastomer solution (containing color bodies), whereupon the polyurethane elastomer solution was made to coagulate by immersing the mass in water at 23 ° C. for 3 to 5 min. Under this condition, the polyurethane elastomer solution was almost completely coagulated in appearance, but some flowability was still retained. λ

The base material in this state was soon after it was removed from the coagulation bath with the help of a Embossing roller heated to 70 G at a pressure of 2 t / m embossed, whereupon the coagulation of the polyurethane elastomer was completed and the embossed pattern was fixed at the same time, by treating the base material again in water for 10 minutes. Then the obtained material was used to obtain the the object of the invention forming flat material with Dried using a drying drum heated to 110 ° C. "

The coating layer of polyurethane elastomer on the flaoh material thus obtained had a thickness of 0.039, an apparent specific gravity of 0.82, a fire permeability of 1620 g / m / 2k hours, a (Young's) modulus of elasticity of 1.10 kg / mm and, according to the Clemen hardness tester, a surface hardness of less than 25. With others

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In other words, the flat material obtained in this way has good moisture permeability, Flexibility and surface hardness.

Example 2

The fibrous base material obtained according to Example 1 was immersed in water, whereupon its water content was adjusted to 75% by being passed through squeegee rollers. The water-containing fibrous base material was then evenly coated on one side at a coating amount of 400 g / m 2 with a 20% polyurethane elastomer solution (containing color bodies) and the polyurethane elastomer was made to coagulate by placing the base material in one at 40 ° C for 10 minutes 50% aqueous dimethylformamide solution was treated.

The polymer layer, which still retained some fluidity, was embossed at a temperature of 70 ° C under a pressure of i t / m, whereupon their coagulation was brought to an end by the mass was treated in water at 23 ° C. for 15 min.

^{The material produced was dried by means of a drying drum heated to HO 0} C to obtain the flat material forming the subject of the invention.

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The polyurethane elastomer coating layer on the thus obtained Sheet material had a thickness of 0.084 mm, an apparent specific gravity of 0.88, a moisture permeability of 1405 g / m / 24 hours, a (Young's) modulus of elasticity of 1.52 kg / mm and after Clemen hardness tester has a surface hardness of less than 30. In other words, the flat material thus obtained has good moisture permeability, flexibility and surface hardness on.

Example 3

The fibrous base material obtained according to Example 1 was uniformly coated on one side with a coating amount of 300 g / m 2 with a 20 % polyurethane elastomer solution mixed with 20% ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer based on the polyurethane elastomer, whereupon the applied polymer layer was made to coagulate by { the coated, fibrous base material was treated in water at 23 ° C. for 3.5 minutes. The polymer layer, which still retained some flowability, was embossed by means of an embossing roller at a temperature of 65 C under a pressure of 2.5 t / m, whereupon its coagulation was brought to an end by treating the mass in water at 23 C for 15 minutes. Then the material produced was used to obtain the object of the

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formation forming flat material by means of a temperature of 110 ° C heated drying drum.

The polyurethane elastomer coating layer on the sheet material thus obtained had a thickness of 0.075 mm, an apparent specific gravity of 0.79, a moisture permeability of 1290 g / m / 2h hr., A (Youngsohen) modulus of elasticity of 1.60 kg / mm and According to the Clemen hardness tester, a surface hardness of less than 30. In other words, the flat material obtained in this way has good moisture permeability, flexibility and surface hardness.

Patent claims:

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Claims (5)

T7 7 8 9 25. J & ctaräf sJfüßer- PATENTANWAlTOlPL-INCIt-MDUEe-SORNER - _ PATENTANWALT D I PL-I NO. HAN S-H. WEY BERLIN-DAHLEM 33 PODBIELSKIALIEE ί8 A4 8 MÖNCHEN 22. Wl D E N M AYE RSTRASSE TEL. 0311-742 * 07 TElEGR. PROPINDUS TELEX 0184057 * TEL. 0811 225585 TELEGR. PROPINDUS · TELEX 0524244 Berlin, June 21, 1968 KURASHIKI RAYON CO., LTD., City / · J a pa n patent claims 1. Flat material with good surface hardness, moisture permeability and flexibility, characterized in that it is made of flexible and moisture-permeable, fibrous base material and a moisture permeable polymer layer having a thickness of 0.02 to 0.09 mm and a specific one Weight from 0.6 to 0.9, which is associated with the fibrous base material. 2. Process for the production of a flat material with good surface hardness, Moisture permeability and flexibility, characterized in that on a pliable fibrous Base material a layer of a polymer solution is applied in such a way that a layer is formed from the polymer 109834/1331 stands which, after drying, has a thickness of 0.02 to 0.09 mm has, whereupon the layer of polymer solution is treated with a non-solvent for the polymer to make it up to clot to such a degree that their coagulation is almost complete, but their ability to flow is still maintained remains, whereupon the resulting, still flowable polymer layer is embossed and then solidified. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the solidification of the layer by means of its complete coagulation Treatment with a non-solvent for the polymer followed by drying. k. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the layer is solidified by its direct drying. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the flexible fibrous base material prior to the application of the layer from polymer solution is soaked with water or another liquid. Hou / w / FÜ - 20 512 109834/1331