DE1771424B2 - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COLOR TRANSFER MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

lien, which have a dye-binder layer on the support and a wax overcoat on this color layer wear, with an intermediate layer arranged between the carrier and the color layer can be. One of the disadvantages of these known oil-free materials is their multilayered nature Due to the structure, namely their complicated and expensive production in several operations. The single ones Layers not only have to be applied in a corresponding number of operations under special conditions and dried, but the individual preparations must also be coordinated with one another be that they or the layers made from them do not affect each other.

Also the combination of contradicting properties, namely a good adhesion of the Color layer on the copy material for the purpose of achieving a high degree of freedom on the one hand and one good adhesion of the color particles transferred to the copy to achieve good smear resistance of the copies, on the other hand, repeatedly encounters labor and procedural difficulties.

Single-layer copy materials have also been described. Your shift is ordinary a continuous, practically homogeneous, firm coating made of a waxy material. There along with the color particles, large amounts of this material serving as a binding agent are also transferred and the material itself is soft and sticky, but the copies are not always smudge-proof, and the copy material is smeary for the same reason. It doesn't play an essential role. whether the carbon mass with a liquid color from the melt with a suitable solid binder as Solution in a liquid organic solvent or in the form of an emulsion or dispersion in suitable liquids is applied to the carrier.

Color transfer material that has recently become known of the single-layer type has a coating that is conventional in a non-tacky wax Way contains carbon black as a pigment, but the wax is mixed with talc and together with this is held by low molecular weight ethyl cellulose as a binder on the carrier. the This known material is produced by the pigment and the talc in one Solution of wax and ethyl cellulose dispersed in toluene, the dispersion spread on the carrier and the solvent evaporates, whereby the wax crystallizes out. The talc is supposed to do the training effect a layer of fine discrete particles and at the same time the coefficient of friction of the layer surface reduce, so that this is more resistant to scratching or rubbing, on the other hand but not hinder the transferability of the wax-dye particles under the writing pressure.

As practical tests have shown, however, these requirements are only inadequately met. The color layer is neither clean to touch, nor are the copies made smudge-proof and intense. The main disadvantage however, this known material has a procedural difficulty. The mixture from wax, talc, carbon black, ethyl cellulose and toluene has disproportionately low proportions Color bodies, which result in weakly colored copies, settle in a short time after stirring so that there is a layer of sludge and an overlying clear to white cloudy layer of liquid forms. A fine dispersion, which is stable at least over a certain period of time, cannot be prepared. It is therefore also not possible to use the material described on conventional coating machines and in an exactly reproducible manner Produce quality, because again and again with careful circulation of the coating mass Inhomogeneities occur.

ίο This invention aims to remedy these disadvantages, and solves the task of developing a process that can be achieved in a single coating process a carbonless material. especially for single use, with a thin application of paint.

which is resistant to aging, diffusion-proof, dry and non-smearing. intense, sharp, smudge-proof and erasable copies delivers and which allows it, instead of fillers, quite outstanding higher amounts of color bodies and also incorporate them in a deeply colored state.

This object is achieved according to the invention by using gel-forming waxes, namely at least a solvated wax with a penetration of 1 to 10 and at least one wax with a penetration \ on 10 to 60 or a mixture of both with a mean penetration of 10 to 20 and up to 20 weight percent of a high molecular weight binder in the heat in a wax solvating, not to slightly polar liquid dissolves to a concentrated, k'aren solution Cool to room temperature 40 to 70 percent by weight of the amount of wax in the liquid as gel particles separates, the pigments are then vigorously dispersed into the dispersion solution. the so obtained Applies mass to the paper in a manner known per se and the liquid below the softening temperature which drives out firmly separated wax particles.

If necessary, the dispersion solution can be adjusted with or adhered to the aforesaid Quantity ratio between excreted and dissolved wax components and with preservation or Additional formation of the gel particles, dilute with further liquid or wax solution.

4S The preferred procedure is to use a liquid with a positive, preferably high, solubility coefficient used for the waxes and the dissolution or separation by heating or preferably rapid cooling of the liquid causes. The preferred liquids are those that can be easily removed from the layer, especially aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons, preferably Light petrol, 1.1.1-trichloroethane, benzene. toluene or mixtures thereof.

For the classification of wax systems, especially the gel-forming waxes, refer to Fischer - P rest ing, »Laboratory book for the investigation of technical wax. Resin and Oil Mixtures «. 3. Edition. VEB Wilhelm Knapp Verlag. Halle (Saale), 1958. p.463. referenced.

The two gel-forming waxes defined above are referred to below as "harder" and "softer" wax for the sake of simplicity.
Particularly suitable harder waxes are natural or synthetic waxes, oxidized montan waxes, their esters and amides, solid hydrocarbons, mineral waxes or their mixtures

5 T ₆

loop, preferably branched pesnsylvag or branched aüphatic alcohols with

niche petroleum waxes. '' 1 to 20 carbon atoms, especially of the fatty alcohols,

Examples of suitable amorphous waxes are those preferably made with styrene and its derivatives (e.g.

Commercial products listed below which are methylstyrene, vinyltoluene and others), modified alkyds the practical implementation of the invention 5 resins, ethoxylin resins and / or with natural resin acids

have proven particularly effective: modified phenolic resins used.

Branched-chain Pennsylvanian petroleum waxes, ins- This group of binders is preferred

special those made exclusively from crude oil residues because their representatives are already in concentrations of

through selective separation with a narrow melting point - a few percent by weight, the viscosity of the invention

area obtained, uncut products with io according to manufactured wax dispersion and in particular

very fine structure and great plasticity, significantly reduce the adhesion of the coating color, in particular,

and cohesion, especially the qualities with one when obtained by cooling the wax solution

Melting point according to ASTM B 127-49 of 84 to 86. They are therefore used here as a viscosity regulator

or 88 to 90 ⁰ C and a penetration number according to. Their effect is particularly therefore

ASTM D-1321-57 T, at 77 ⁼ F, 100 g of max. 8 15 surprising, because carbon paper colors as above

or 7 and white to light color. already said, because of the incorporated soot or

“ _W , pigment particles with regard to their viscosity and

^vwacns flow behavior cause particular difficulties.

Acid wax based on Montansvachs, drip point To explain this phenomenon one can - without

78 to 83 "C, solidification point 73 to 77 ^c C, acid number 20 to fix the invention to any theories.

135 to 155, saponification number 155 to 175, add density - assume the following:

20 * C, Ι, υυ to ί, οϊ (all values according to the. DGS- As is well known, microcrystalline waxes have the

Standard methods determined), color light yellowish. Capability. Solvent under swelling

_w, voltages strong to hold back (Retention effect). These

L-wacns _a5 r £ _rscne i _nutl gj _{st all the} greater, the smaller the proportion

Acid wax based on montan wax, is the dropping point on straight-chain paraffins. Since the previous

80 to 85 ^: C, solidification point 75 to 80 ^c C, acid number standing waxes mentioned mostly by a special

120 to 140. Saponification number 140 to 160, density with a high degree of branching and often a large proportion

20 "C, 1.00 to 1.02 (all values according to the DGF- distinguish ring-shaped paraffins, this is

Standard methods determined), color yellowish. 30 They have a particularly strong retention effect.

Candelilla wax can also be used. stamps; from a hot solution they are difficult

As richer waxes, the micro-waxes come out first in the soluble parts on cooling and form

in the narrower sense, including the ozokerites, relatively large swelling bodies. As it cools down further

and soft ceramics and like petrolatum waxes. of the solution also gradually divide

In contrast to the paraffins, there is also a micro- 35 slightly less sparingly soluble fraction

Have crystalline structure and a melting point form of swelling bodies. This is how it arises

from about 60 to 70 ° C., in particular about 65 ° C., a creamy to gel-like, in the order of magnitude of this

to have. Ester waxes with a swelling body inhomogeneous mass, which in addition to excellent

Acid number less than 60, preferably between 10 and different and solvated waxes still in the

30, a saponification number between 80 and 150 and 40 contains waxes dissolved in solvents,

have a melting point below 85 C. The retention effect of the inventively

Japan wax and finely crystalline beeswax waxes, however, also have the disadvantage that one

wax. must use a relatively large amount of solvent to produce a

The waxes can also be prepared in mixtures of two spreadable masses; especially with or more representatives of the same group or 45 additional finely divided. "Active" takes carbon black as a pigment used in both groups. The mentioned such a dispersion, if not enough solution products are anyway mostly even mixtures of medium is added, such a high viscosity that different, albeit related, compounds; it is neither sufficiently mixed up nor satisfactory so the montan waxes are preferably made from crude oil. The use of great However, precipitations through more or less intensive amounts of solvent are not economical Refining won. So it is mostly an unsatisfactory point of view, since the losses are high Raffinatio: ns- "cuts" so that it is also possible, or and expensive solvent recovery Place a harder and a softer wax system are required.

a medium wax of a corresponding fraction width. The aforementioned viscosity regulators create here to use provided there is a mix of these 55 remedy. May be that exercised by them Both waxes in the quantities indicated above - influencing the viscosity, in practice preferred ratios and the same properties show a decrease in viscosity, brought about by colloids, peptisation will be explained, however, will also come

The binders are used for cementing d ^'% r wax electric handling activities with the pigments

and color particles with one another and on the layer 60 at the phase boundaries. It should be there

carrier. The type and amount of the layer-forming substances are not required for the layer-forming c

can by the person skilled in the art in the context of the substance below is genuinely soluble in the solvent, if

Explanations can be easily determined. it only has a greater solubility than the waxes.

A binder is preferably used. However, substances show softness in the solution only dissolve cloudy in the area between solvent and diluent, a weaker effect in temperature at least predominantly in the direction of a decrease in viscosity, so that greater Liquid is soluble. Amounts of either this substance or the solution

Polyvinyl ethers are particularly suitable and straight chain means must be used so that the same

7 8

_Ci ; A decrease in viscosity in the case of a readily soluble sub-surface have a certain absorbency, but without ' punching' is achieved. To be too porous, especially of the latter. Optionally, the carrier can. i satisfy usually 1 to 2%, however, the material can also be with a backing layer and / or intermediate ■ _n determination of the amount of addition rule layer under consideration be provided or otherwise prepared,

the desired reduction in viscosity and the 5 To achieve a high depth of color, it is particularly t ₅ ; binding effect that the substance in the dispersion advantageous that one separates the less soluble waxes π sion / solution on the one hand and the finished color layer as gel particles, which at least partially

;. : on the other hand exercises, by the skilled person by simply being larger than the pigment particles or their e i attempts are determined. Secondary particles or agglomerates.

; _t ; In terms of manufacturing technology, the process

^ I the following commercial products: Characteristic very well proven that you have the layer before

_r * of drying, preferably immediately after

Medium viscosity polyvinyl methyl ether with a K spread of the dispersion, with air from about 5 to A value of 40. 25 ° C is applied.

Vinyltoluolmodifiziertes alkyd resin, 60 ° / ₀ in test 15 When thereof "pigments" is spoken, so is gasoline. to understand this expression in a general way; for example

Characteristics: a dye can be used instead of soot,

Phthalic anhydride 19% mounted on a support.

Linoleic acid content 33 ^S / _O Even with »wax«, waxes are not strictly speaking

Viscosity at 20 ⁰ C 40 ° / ₀ ig 10 (chemical) meaning, but - like the

Substances counted in gasoline show - substances of more suitable

according to DIN 4 of a wax-like quality.

Natural resin-modified phenolic resin, the invention achieves that, for example

Melting range 95 to 105 ° C, with carbon black the layer of one with hot carbon

: soluble in aromatics, among other things. 25 there is a high proportion of soot that cannot be achieved,

Polymers based on vinyl acetate; in organic terms, these carbon blacks also have a significantly higher blackening Solution. own and the layers of paint despite the high

Thermoplastic polyvinyl isobutyl ethers. Soot content a previously unknown smear resistance

exhibit. Furthermore, the layers of paint are \ on

It is also possible to use mixtures of these viscosity regulators 30 of a dry, tack-free nature; so you are with each other or and with other layer-forming for sets of forms and for processing on composite substances use that this effect in the mentragmaschinen particularly suitable. The inheritance used Do not show solvents, e.g. B. Äthylcellu- according to generated layers do not suffer the known loose in 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Change of the hot carbon colors at length

Even if the binder on the one hand and the storage, in particular, they do not cure afterwards. Be-.on liquid for the dispersing or dissolving of the ders it is important that the produced according to the invention Waxes and the binder to be applied to each other- color layers with improved effectiveness nui are correct in order to achieve optimal results in the conventional description of a quarter to a third of the weight To achieve the senses, you can use disposable charcoal paper for the light colored layers Above given groups of substances with the mentioned 4 ° Without the invention on a specific theory The following is an explanation of not wanting to restrict all solvents to weakly polar solvents achieve good to very good results. excellent properties of the

The viscosity-lowering effect of the above-mentioned materials produced according to the invention, in particular substances it also enables such carbon blacks to be pigmented with the greater depth of color of the color layer to be incorporated into the coating slip, which leads to 45: Despite extensive experiments with color-ground its large surface area has a pronounced thixo-strongest carbon black so far with Hcii \ .abon · show tropie. do not color, the degree of blackness of the through

By adapting the type and quantity of the layered fonts to be increased beyond the known level constituents, especially the waxes and the carbon blacks, always experience a reduction in the layer-forming properties Substances, the bond can be 5 ° blackening ^ degree in hot carbon paints. The cause and the adhesive strength of the color layer on the carrier lies in the liquid oil or melted wax coordinate and the plastic separation of the dye which fills the soot particles in the liquid state unc regulate the layer under the writing pressure. This is what makes the hot carbon paint flowable in the first place believed that the pigment particles from the fine. In contrast to hot carbon paints, di <

No oily paint layers produced according to the invention via gel-like swelling bodies in the dry state 55 Any wax particles that have come in are enclosed, but not constituents. The wax particles have approximately or are not completely filled out by them. the size of the color pigment particles, in the case of carbon black the dei just as little of the layer-forming binders, agglomerates of the secondary particles, the former in which because of their high molecular weight and linear mean 10 to 20 μ and the latter on average 20 to 30 years The build-up does not penetrate the pigment particles or are large.

can, but the gel and pigment particles under the layer formation, the drying is se

cement each other and steered the hardness of the paint layer that the gel particles remain in solid form influence. so it does not penetrate into the carbon black or pigment particles

Paper can primarily be used as a carrier. The weight of the soluble V'achs unc ! In particular, a machine-smooth or one-sided smooth binder content should be de-en Gewiclr

j Raw material such as 20 g carbon base paper. However, it cannot exceed. So you will presumably be dadurct

! also nonwovens made of synthetic fibers and other soot particles essentially enclose without (

<Materials are used that at least have to be filled in after the layered flooring.

309 530 / 17J

ίο

Whether the inside of the pigment particles with oil or wax is filled in or not, but now has a fundamental difference in optical behavior result. This results from the following consideration, using a single soot secondary particle as an example is the basis.

A hot carbon particle, i.e. a particle of soot that is filled with wax and oil, can be mixed with a Droplets are compared in which the soot chain is embedded in a ball-shaped manner. A ray of light coming from tußen falls into such a droplet, after repeated total reflection inside the Droplets emerge from this, whereby the probability is high that it will not continue into the Layer into it, but is deflected back outwards. During this process, only a minor one occurs on average Weakening of the jet, since the volume of the oil droplet is much larger than that of the one in it included soot chain, and the light absorption is therefore relatively low. The denser compared to air Medium oil, wax increases the refraction and reduces the absorption of light.

The practically unfilled soot particles produced according to the invention, on the other hand, contain air, so that upon incidence of light there is no refraction and no total reflection. So the light will be if it's not on the carbon chain is absorbed, practically straight through the particle and disappear into the depth of the layer, since it is eventually absorbed on a soot particle after breaking on the surrounding wax. The blackening the layer is therefore significantly higher. The same applies to the copies produced.

This high color density makes it possible to increase the weight of the color layer to a previously unknown extent so that a flowable, opaque liquid with possible thixotropic behavior results. This dispersion contains gel particles in solid form, solvated by solvents and really dissolved wax components, as well dissolved waxes and binders that remain soluble even at room temperature. In this mixture of In dispersion and solution, the color pigment is broken up and mixed up while dispersing; the preparation is now ready to be painted. It is easy to work with. After the paper carrier has been coated, as is assumed, a kind of filtration, which leads to a certain zone structure of the finished material: Solvent or wax solution will preferably penetrate into the surface of the paper. On the fiber

the dissolved wax becomes finely divided, especially if the layer is immediately blown with cold air deposited. On the one hand, the wax particles reduce the porosity of the carrier surface and on the other hand, direct contact between pigment and fiber is avoided. On the so educated, preferably Zone consisting of soft wax components on or in the paper surface are those of Gel particles enveloped pigment particles, and these become among themselves and on the carrier through mediation of the long-chain binding agent, which slowly dissolves when the solvent evaporates separates, but due to its high molecular weight also penetrates the paper is prevented. As microscopic examinations show, when the paint layer is written off, the Detachment of the pigment-wax particles evidently in the above-mentioned transition zone, since the Fibers on the "written off" parts of the surface of the paper carrier are still largely covered with wax

reduce and in this case the coverage and blackening 35 are still layered, which, however, does not contain any pigment.

to increase. Disposable charcoal paper that after

Method according to the invention was generated, comes Example 1

with a layer of paint of 2 to 3 g m ² looks good, while-

rend a hot carbon disposable carbon paper orders of 50 parts gasoline with a boiling range \ on

8 to 10 gm ² to achieve somewhat sufficient- 40 100 to 125 "C are 7 parts of the above

which requires copies, of other disadvantages of branched-chain Pennsylvania petroleum wax,

apart. Contrary to conventional views, this advantage makes the method according to the invention economical feasible and even delivers products that are cheaper than the well-known disposable carbon papers. That the wax particles of the material produced according to the invention did not enter the pigments are, can be recognized by the fact that the transferability is immediately canceled when the layer is heated until it melts

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments Examples are parts by weight, unless otherwise stated.

The general procedure is as follows: The waxes become clear in as little hot solvent as possible dissolved This solution is moved vigorously by means of an emulsifying or dispersing unit and is cooled in the process. If necessary, an initially oily dispersion is formed, the particles of which solidify on further cooling the whole solution becoming opaque and pasty.

Now, at the latest, the viscosity regulator preferably used must be dissolved in the dispersion, which means 6 parts of micro wax 60/65 with a softening range of 60 to 65 ° C and 2.0 parts of polyvinyl ether the stearyl alcohol by heating to 80 to 100'C clearly resolved. The clear solution is rapidly raised to a temperature of 25 ° C or with vigorous stirring cooled below. The result is an almost paste-like, white-opaque mass that, in addition to dissolved wax, from the Solution contains dispersed wax particles The same gasoline is added. The mixture is treated with the aid of an effective dispersing unit In the now flowable, finely divided opaque dispersion, 7 parts of a subsequently compacted gap are placed or flame black, namely a color black with an average particle size of 500 to 720 Å and a BET surface area of 32 m * / g, as well as 1 part of a fine dispersed silica, present in the form of secondary particles, is stirred in and then under the reverberation 25 C dispersed This preparation is applied to the surface using known brushing methods 20 g cellulose paper in such an amount worn that a layer of about 2 to 3 g / m Dry weight arises immediately after the stroke)

this becomes thin to the desired extent. The preparation, which is still liquid, is placed on the carrier

If necessary, the dispersion is blown on with a continuous stream of cold air and then connected!

Stir with further proportions, the gel formation is not dried in a stream of air at room temperature

interfering solvents at 20 to 25 ° C. Removal of the last remaining solvent is there

Material is then briefly exposed to a temperature to about 40 to 5O ⁰ C. The product can be called disposable carbon paper. It lies completely flat, has no grip and, despite the small amount of paint applied, produces a deep black copy that is completely detachable from the support, is dry and smudge-proof and produces copies with sharp contours.

Example 2

IO

7 parts by S wax, and 6 parts of Japan wax are hot dissolved in 45 parts of gasoline 100/125 rapidly cooled under the influence of a dispersing unit to 20 ⁰ C. The result is an opaque paste which is diluted with a further 30 parts of cold gasoline 100/125 while dispersing. To this mixture, which contains gel particles dispersed in a wax solution, 4 parts of the above-mentioned vinyltoluene-modified alkyl resin and another 10 parts of gasoline 100/125 are added and the whole is stirred well.

7 parts of carbon black are incorporated into the dispersion obtained.

The now finished dispersion is brushed onto cellulose paper in a known manner in such a way that, in the case of carbon black, the application is 2 to 3 g / m ² . Immediately after spreading the preparation, it is dried as described in Example 1. The results are comparable to those of Example 1.

B e i s ρ i e 1 3

The procedure is as in Example 2, except that the same amount of L-wax is used instead of S-wax, beeswax instead of Japan wax and 35 parts of inactive carbon black instead of 7 parts of carbon black, ie a thermal cracked carbon black with an average particle size of 3000 to 5000 Å and a BET- Surface area from 6 to 8 m ² / g.

Example 4

The procedure is as in Example 1, but instead of the micro-wax 60/65 plasticizer is used and as Viscosity regulator 4.0 parts of polyvinyl methyl ether K 40 (20 ° in toluene).

Example 5

The procedure is as in Example 1, but candelilla wax is used as the harder wax and candelilla wax is used as the pigment 8 parts of copper phthalocyanine blue.

Example 6

The procedure is as in Example 1, but the solvent or diluent used is 1,1,1-trichloroethane.

Example 7

The procedure is as in Example 1, except that 7 parts of ultramarine blue are used instead of carbon black.

Example 8

The procedure is as in Example 1, but 3 parts of a highly compressed carbon black are used. The dispersion in this case one dilutes with 70 instead of 35 parts of gasoline.

Example 9

The procedure is as in Example 1, but instead of the 50 parts of gasoline used for dissolving 50 parts of toluene and instead of the 35 parts of gasoline used to dilute the dispersion be, 50 parts of toluene.

Example 10

This example is intended to explain how, by means of simple experiments, suitable plasticities for the production can choose a material whose color layer, when used only once, adapts to the Writing pressure is completely transferred.

Approach 10A contains significantly more than 50% of dissolved components. The layer is sticky and becomes dated Carrier inadequately detached. On the other hand, batch 10 C contains too few soft waxes. The copy does not show enough contrast and the transmission is blurred and does not match the type. the Layer also has the disadvantages of already showing a certain brittleness.

Approach 1OB gives optimal results.

Harder wax.
Softer wax
Viscosity regulator

5 parts (26.7 ° ^! ₀ ) 8 parts (60.0 ⁰ Z ₀ ) 2 parts (13.3 ⁰ O) writes very poorly, little color is transferred, poorly colored copies 7 parts (46.7 ° ₀ )
6 parts (40.0 ° ₀ )
2 parts (13.3 ° '")
writes very well, shift
is elastic. Copies
are type-appropriate

9 parts (60.0 ° '")
4 parts (26.7 ° ₀ )
2 parts (13.3 ° ' _o )
writes usable but fuzzy, the layer is brittle. Copies not appropriate to type

This comparison of approaches shows that the hardness or elasticity of the paint layer can be adjusted as desired so that satisfactory copies can be produced.

Example 11

The procedure is as in Example 1, but 6 parts of beeswax are used as the softer wax and as Viscosity regulator 2 parts polyvinyl butyl ether.

In all of the above examples, one not only obtains materials that meet the requirements set out at the beginning, but also has in spite of them

60

65 small amounts of solvent, spreadable preparations are available.

Example 12

The procedure is as in Example 1, but instead of the polyvinyl ether of stearyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of ethyl cellulose are used and 100 parts of 1,1,1-trichloroethane are used instead of 50 parts of gasoline to dissolve and 200 parts of 1,1,1-trichloroethane instead of 35 parts of gasoline for dilution -Tnchlorätharj A decrease in viscosity is not observed in this Fa], so that the amount of solvent must be greatly increased in order to introduce the soot:

sentence: zur der Zugi E

Rv eir Di ke thou on there too

a re 8 there \

13th

and to make the otherwise practically solid mass dispersible and spreadable.

The following table shows the soluble proportions and penetration for a number of waxes or wax mixtures. These values apply at 2O ⁰ C for dispersion in petrol 100125, which was produced by cooling a hot solution with 15 weight percent wax. The penetrations are determined for the soluble or insoluble fractions of such a dispersion in the solid, solvent-free state after four work-ups, ie the gel was excreted by cooling, redissolved, then precipitated by cooling and separated. This was repeated four times.

description Soluble part
, 0 penetration
soluble part penetration
insoluble part Pennsylvania wax
S wax
L wax
finest crystalline microwax
Ceresin
Micro wax 60'65
Ozokerite
Wax mixture from example 1 ... 23.7
5.4
18.1
17.6
63.5
77.3
79.4
53, p 21
10
10
12th
30th
51
38
24 8th
2
1
3
7th
8th
4th
7th

Finally, the experiments are described by which the dissolved wax components in a Have a cold wax-solvent dispersion determined.

As an example for carrying out the experiment to determine the dissolved wax proportions in a cold wax-solvent dispersion serve the following recipe:

wax

Harder wax Softer wax Viscosity regulator Solvent Pennsylvanian petroleum wax
Microwax
Stearyl alcohol
Gasoline 100,125

Parts by weight

14th

12th

170

200

Description of the experiments

14 g harder wax. 12 g of softer wax and 4 g of viscosity regulator are dissolved in 100 g of solvent in a 500 ml three-necked flask with stirring under reflux. This hot solution is then cooled as quickly as possible with stirring in cold water to below 25 ° C. A fairly pasty dispersion forms. This is then diluted with 70 g of gasoline 100 125 at room temperature, so that a 15 ° wax dispersion in gasoline 100 125 is produced. The dispersion is centrifuged. After centrifuging for 30 minutes, the liquid phase is determined to be 168 ml with a specific gravity of 0.73 g ml. After evaporation of the liquid Pha ^c e remains a wax residue of 11, Sg. The 11.8 g correspond to 39.3% of the wax mixture used.

The amount of solid residue from the centrifuge after drying at 110 to 120 ° C. in a drying cabinet is 16.9 g. The dry, solid centrifuge residue is used again for the preparation of a 15 ° oige ⁿ wax-gasoline dispersion using the experimental conditions described above, but using fresh gasoline 100 125.

After centrifugation and evaporation of the solvent, a wax residue of 2.9 g results in the liquid phase. These 2.9 g correspond to 9.6 ⁰ Z _{0 of} the starting wax mixture.

As a solid, dry centrifuge residue, 12.7 g remain, which is again used to produce a 15% strength Dispersion can be used.

The experiment described above is repeated a third and fourth time, whereby a soluble wax residue of 0.8 g = 2.7% and or 0.6 g = 2.0% of the initial amount of wax mixture results.

By adding the percentage of the grants

Wax proportions in a cold wax-benzine dispersion gives the percentage of the wax, Ac is really clear in a cold wax-benzine dispersion.

In the example above, it is found at 53.6%.

1 39.?%

Π 9.r>%

III 2.7%

IV 2.0%

53.6%

Example 13

Similar to Examples 1 to 11, mai a yellow transfer color by adding 70 parts by weight of 1,1,1-trichloroethane 7 parts by weight of the branched chain pennsyl described above vanic petroleum wax, 3 parts by weight of micro wax 60 65, 3 parts by weight of one in the exterior Characteristics of strongly plastic, vaseline-like micro wax and 2 parts by weight of Polyvin} lather de

Stearyl alcohol dissolves clearly when heated. This clear solution quickly dissolves with vigorous stirring Cooled down to room temperature. This creates a * paste. This is with 100 parts by weight 3,1,1-Tri chloroethane and 30 parts by weight of toluene are diluted into the diluted mixture with the help of a;

highly effective dispersing unit 13 parts by weight

of a yellow pigment dispersed in.

Then a d il

τ "

produced similarly as in Example 6 by adding 7 parts by weight of branched-chain in 70 parts by weight of 1,1,1-trichloroethane Pennsylvanian petroleum wax, 6 parts by weight of the above-mentioned vaseline-like Micro wax and 2 parts by weight of polyvinyl ether des Stearyl alcohol clearly dissolves the obtained by heating Solution cools rapidly to room temperature with vigorous stirring and with 100 parts by weight 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 30 parts by weight of cold toluene and finally diluted with 10 parts by weight intensely colored flara black with vigorous dispersion offset.

The yellow transfer color is applied to cellulose paper suitable for copy purposes with a basis weight of 20 to 35 g / m ^{2 in} such a way that the finished, dried layer has an application thickness of about 2 g / m ^s ; the material is dried ^{below 55 °} C. in a stream of warm air.

The reverse side of the paper coated in this way is applied in the same way as described above the black transfer color applied.

The one on the front with a yellow and on the Back, for example, with a black color

layered double-sided carbonless copy material is particularly suitable for generating sets of forms. These are arranged so that for generation a blueprint, a copy or to reinforce the blueprint ability of the first font Back of the paper sheet is backed with the characters in yellow color. The one on the back The black layer attached to the transfer sheet is used to make the next copy.

ίο The carbonless materials are available from both Handais also typesetting excellent copies. The layers of paint are smudge-proof and do not lead for soiling the hands during use. In particular, the yellow color still has a high color Absorbance for actinic light, especially for light sources used for blueprint devices to be used. The characters produced also show a high level of smear resistance on writing paper.

Instead of the yellow dye used, the colored layer can be colored and uncolored Substances with a high absorption capacity for actinic light are used with equal success will.

309530/178

Claims (9)

Claims, characterized in that one of the claims: layer before drying immediately after brushing the dispersion with air of about 1. Process for the production of paint applied over- 5 to 25 ⁰ C,
carrying material, in particular disposable carbon paper, 5 by coating one at least superficially absorbent carrier with a mixture contained in a organic liquid in addition to waxing polymers
Contains binders and pigments, thereby characterized in that gel-forming io Waxes, at least one solvated. The invention relates to a process for the preparation Wax with a penetration of 1 to 10 and of dye transfer material, especially F.inmal- at least one wax with a penetration of carbon paper, by coating at least one 10 to 60 or a mixture of both with a superficially absorbent carrier with a mixture, average penetration of 10 to 20 as well as up to 15 those in an organic liquid in addition to waxes Contains 20 percent by weight of a high molecular weight binder polymer binder and pigments. means in the heat in one the waxes solvati- carbon papers, namely both multi-carbon non-polar to slightly polar liquid paper as well as single-use carbon paper, carbonless dissolves into a concentrated, clear solution, paper for hand and machine copies and by cooling to room temperature 40 to 20 similar color transfer materials usually show 70 percent by weight of the amount of wax in the liquid lent a color-releasing layer of wax, oil and ability as gel particles precipitates into the dispersion color. Such materials with oily i-work- Solution then vigorously dispersed the pigments, layer, z. B. from hot carbon are known to have the mass obtained in this way, in a manner known per se, has significant disadvantages. The layer of paint smears in on the paper and the liquid off while fresh and becomes dry over time half of the softening temperature of the solid and hard, the oil and other low molecular weight sub- sells different wax particles. punch migrate into the backing paper, whereby the 2. The method according to claim 1. thereby marked color layer decreases in the writing intensity, and the draws that the dispersion solution under copies are not smudge-proof. Adjustment or compliance with the said quantity 30 In the case of the so-called single-use carbon paper, ie Ratio between discarded and cheapest carbonless paper for the one-off dissolved wax components and with preservation or use, further disadvantages arise. Once an additional one Formation of the gel particles with charcoal paper is always achieved by applying diluted ler liquid or wax solution. Hot carbon produced, d. H. of schnielzfiüssigen 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in 35 wax-oil compositions containing carbon black or the like characterized in that one contains a solvent with pigments. Those on the market positive temperature coefficient of solubility Disposable carbon papers are always with a to used for the waxes. high application of paint, which far exceeds that of the 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized by the type stop required amount goes beyond. not draws that aliphatic and aromatic 40 last, the application of the color layer must be very high, Hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons because of an inevitable blackness or Mixtures thereof are used. reduction by changing the soot secondary 5. The method according to any one of the preceding particles in their light absorption capacity Claims, characterized in that hot carbon paints. All of these deficiencies leave one on the one hand natural or synthetic waxes, 45 substantial quality improvement, especially the oxidized montan waxes, their esters and amides, single-use carbon papers, hardly above the previous level solid hydrocarbons, mineral waxes more too. or their mixtures and on the other hand Japan- These disadvantages are typical of the hot carbon wax. Micro waxes, beeswax and / or processes, because this requires enamel colors, Soft ceresin used. 50 those on the coating or printing machines at the 6. The method according to one of the preceding customary high coating speeds or the Claims, characterized in that a coherent layer is produced Binder used, which in the area h ^ sen. between the dissolving and drying temperature The theological requirements for the hot, completely or predominantly in the liquid 55 carbon colors, however, limit the workable ones is soluble. Amounts of pigment. Usually you can choose the color 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that even with pearled or weakly colored carbon blacks, polyvinyl ether is added more than 20 ⁰ Z ₀ as a binder; In the case of pronounced straight-chain or branched aliphatic carbon blacks, the amount is still significantly reduced, provided that modified alkyd carbon blacks with 1 to 20 carbon atoms can be processed at all, resins. Ethoxylin resins or with natural resin - Acid-modified phenolic resins can be used from strongly colored carbon blacks with a high oil bond. practically no flowable hot carbon paints 8. The method according to any one of the preceding testifies, as it claims due to the high thickening, characterized in that the can no longer be processed. They would, however, be particularly advantageous because of their pigment variations at least equal to the size of their great depth of color,
Weight of the dissolved wax components in the dispersion There has therefore been no lack of attempts to obtain oil-free persion; Solution chooses. Color transfer layers for copy materials too 9. Develop a method according to one of the preceding. In particular, such materials are known