DE1764101A1 - Linear accelerator with high intensity - Google Patents

Description

High intensity linear accelerator

The invention relates to direct or linear resonance Accelerator for charged particles of great intensity.

In: the "known direct or resonant linear particle accelerators, the electron or ion bundles, which are accelerated along the accelerator axis in an electrostatic or high frequency field, are thread-like a spatial charge limited .Intensitäts-..... ': increase Y toit maintaining the filamentous form of ■''cWndels, would-with -by means of additional devices and \'? a Inclerüng the Böschleunigungs8t3 UCTURE 'he ^ eiciitt jDiese Beasers have no meaning to any .. iJriiohuns ^, ■ 209ei2 / 0331 ORJGtNAL INSPECTED "

the intensity of the accelerated beam

The first object of the invention is a method for increasing the intensity of the electron or ion beam generated in direct or resonant linear accelerators to accomplish.

Another object of the invention is to provide a direct electrostatic Particle accelerator with a non-uniform electrostatic field that produces a high-intensity beam supplies, to create.

Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a direct electrostatic particle accelerator with uniform electrostatic field that delivers a beam of high intensity to propose.

Another object of the invention is to provide a resonant linear ion accelerator with drift tubes that can generate a beam of high intensity to propose.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a linear, To propose a resonant, interdigital accelerator that generates a high-intensity beam.

Also an object of the invention is 'it', a '' BesonanzhoMt- ■ space, which ^one a bundle * K? Ker delivers intensity before to-

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scli layers.

These and other objects of the invention are thereby achieved solved that one instead of a thread-like bundle or several tubular bundles of rays, the cross-section of which can have different geometric shapes, accelerates and after the acceleration process, with the help of one or more deflectors, focused on the axis of the bundle.

For a better understanding of the invention, the following is made Description based on the drawing, which schematically shows several exemplary embodiments of the invention.

Pig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a direct accelerator with non-uniform electrostatic PeId and tubular beam of rays,

In Pig. Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal section through a direct accelerator with uniform electrostatic PeId and tubular bundle shown.

In Pig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a resonant, linear, Coaxial electron accelerator with tubular beam shown.

Pig. A partially represents a longitudinal section through a Acceleration structure of a coaxial, resonant, linear ion accelerator with drift tubes.

In Pig. 5 is a longitudinal section through an acceleration-s

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structure of a coaxial, interdigital, linear accelerator shown.

Pig. 6A "or 6B, represents a longitudinal section through an acceleration stage a resonance cavity, with a tubular bundle.

Reference is first made to FIG. 1, which is schematic a longitudinal section through a direct accelerator with a tubular beam and a non-uniform electro- ' static peId, which is a ring-shaped electron or ion source S (see Journal of applied Physics, Vol.JO / 1959 /, page 226; Journal de Physique et Radium Vol. 12/1951 /, page 563), the tubular Beam P emits, which then from the annular Intermediate lens 1 is prefocused and finally between the tubular, coaxial acceleration electrodes 2 ... 5 "is accelerated and focused« The bundle can after the acceleration with the help of a deflector 6 with rotational symmetry .on the axis of symmetry of the accelerator be focused. The entire acceleration structure, is enclosed in a vacuum housing 7, which is evacuated by means of a pump system P pumped. The intermediate lens 1 is an electrostatic ring-shaped lens consisting of three equally spaced metallic electrodes "which are provided with annular slits to allow the tubular electron or ion beam to be focused to pass through to enable. While the two external electrodes

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the lens have the same potential, the inner electrode has another. Both the voltage difference and the geometry of the electrodes "determine the electron-optical properties of the lens. The pre-focusing of the beam can also with the help of an electrostatic, ring-shaped immersion lens can be achieved. This consists either of two metal disks of different potentials, those with ring-shaped Slits are provided to allow the beam to pass through or from two coaxial cylinder pairs, identical to electrodes 2 - 3, with different potentials. The electron-optical properties of this type of lens depends also depends on the lens geometry and the voltage difference between the electrodes. The, in the even or pulsating electrostatic pain that exists between two successive acceleration electrodes 2 - 3, 4 - 5 ..., accelerated electrons or ions are simultaneously focused in the radial direction by the ring-shaped, electrostatic immersion lenses that arise between these acceleration electrodes. Depending on the construction, additional devices can also be used can be used for radial focusing. A further increase in intensity can be achieved by that one has both several tubular bundles with different radii, as well as a thread-shaped bundle along the common Axis of symmetry, accelerated.

In Pig, 2 there is partially a longitudinal section through an acceleration stage of a direct accelerator with a tubular '

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Bundle and uniform, "electrostatic face, wherein the, as in Fig. 1, emitted by an annular electron or ion source S and prefocused by an annular intermediate lens 1, tubular beam, the cross section of which is annular, in the uniform electrostatic field between the disk - '' or funnel-shaped, slotted acceleration electrodes 8 ... 11 is accelerated and focused. With the acceleration, the beam is focused on its axis of symmetry. The entire acceleration structure is located in an evacuated housing 12. The accelerator can either accelerate several tubular bundles along the common axis of symmetry.

Pig. 3 schematically shows a longitudinal section through a coaxial, linear electron accelerator, where the tubular electron beam, which is emitted by a ring-shaped electron source 13, is accelerated and focused in the high-frequency field of a waveguide H, periodically loaded with perforated disks 15, and is focused with the aid of a Deflector 16 can be focused on the axis of symmetry. It can either be one of the two coaxial cylinders with perforated disks, on the side facing away from the second cylinder, or both, whereby in this last pail the tubular beam is accelerated through the annular gap created between the two corrugated tubes. The entire acceleration structure is located in a housing _λ 17 which, with the help of a corresponding vacuum unit P, air-

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is pumped empty. The acceleration takes place in the Boch frequency field with advancing or standing Ε waves.

j? y. 4 schematically shows a longitudinal section through an acceleration structure of a linear ion accelerator with drift tubes, the tubular tone bundle emitted by an annular ion source and prefocused by an annular intermediate lens being accelerated in the high-frequency field of the coaxial structure with drift tubes 18 and., afterwards with the aid of a deflector on the axis of symmetry focused "'is. the entire acceleration structure is located in an air-tight housing which is of an appropriate vacuum system ■ evacuated gepump # t ^v.

In Pig. Figure 5 is a partial longitudinal section through an acceleration structure of a coaxial, interdigital, linear accelerator, with one of an annular Ion source emitted and from an annular Intermediate lens pre-focused tubular beam, in the high-frequency field of an interdigital one occupied by perforated disks 19 Waveguide is accelerated and afterwards with the help of a deflector, the rotational symmetry. possesses, is focused on the axis of symmetry «üpie entire acceleration structure is evacuated by a corresponding vacuum system.

Fig. 6k "or, 6B represents a hematic longitudinal section through two different types of cavity resonators with tubular

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shaped bundle, whereby the ring-shaped electron- oäer ion source 20 emitted tubular electron or · ion bundles in the high-frequency field of a cylindrical cavity resonator 21 or a coaxial cavity resonator 22 is accelerated in order to then be focused on the axis of symmetry with the aid of a deflector. the The acceleration structure is evacuated with the aid of a corresponding pump system P.

The invention enables the intensity of a direct or resonant, linear particle accelerator to be increased generated beam ice. Several other variants and Changes can of course be made without departing from the principle of the invention, which is acceleration consists of tubular beams in electrostatic fields or high frequency fields, whereupon the bundle is focused on its axis of symmetry.

Accordingly, it goes without saying that the forms of application described above and shown in the accompanying figures the invention is for illustration only and is not to be regarded as a limitation thereof.

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Claims (10)

Patent claims - 1. High intensity linear accelerator, characterized by that accelerator anyway one or more tubular Electron or ion bundles, the cross-sections of which can have different shapes, 'accelerated, and after acceleration with the help of one or more biflectors with rotational symmetry on the axis of symmetry of the bundle of rays is focused. 2. Electrostatic, direct particle accelerator with tubular beam and with non-uniform electrostatic peId according to claim 1, characterized in that that the tubular 'bundle of rays in the irregular, uniform or pulsating, electrostatic PeId, which is between the tubular acceleration electrodes exists, "is accelerated and focused and afterwards with the help of appropriate Deflectors is focused on the axis of symmetry. 3. Electrostatic, ring-shaped lens, characterized in that it consists of three equally spaced and coaxial metal electrodes which are provided with ring-shaped slots, whereby the potentials of the two outer electrodes of the lens have the same value. 4. Electrostatic, annular immersion lens, thereby. L. 209812/0331 characterized in that it consists of two coaxial metal disks of different potentials, which are ring-shaped Slots are provided. 5. Electrostatic, annular immersion lens, thereby characterized in that it consists of two coaxial cylinder pairs of different potentials. 6. Direct particle accelerator with ring-shaped beam and uniform, electrostatic field after Claim 1, characterized in that the tubular particle bundle in uniform, uniform or pulsating electrostatic field that exists between metallic perforated disk acceleration electrodes, is accelerated and focused and then focused on the axis of symmetry with the help of appropriate deflectors will. 7. Coaxial, linear electron accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular electron beam in the high frequency field, with progressive or standing Ε-waves of the corrugated tube accelerated and afterwards with the help of a -deflector, the rotational symmetry owns, focused on the axis of symmetry. 8. Coaxial, linear ion accelerator with drift tubes, according to claim 1, characterized in that one Kt: 209112/0331 tubular ion beam with an annular cross-section in the high frequency field of the coaxial acceleration structure ■ accelerated with letter tubes and then with the help of a corresponding deflector with rotational symmetry on the Axis of symmetry focused. 9. Coaxial interdigital, linear particle accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular ion bundles in the high-frequency field of the coaxial interdigital corrugated pipe accelerated and then with Focused on the axis of symmetry using a corresponding deflector with rotational symmetry. 10. Acceleration resonator with tubular 3-bundle after Claim 1, characterized in that a tubular electron or ion beam in the high-frequency field of the cylindrical or coaxial cavity resonator accelerated, and then with the help of appropriate Deflectors focused on the axis of symmetry. 209812/0331