DE1758562B1 - Metallurgical vessel, especially steel works converter - Google Patents

Description

provides a ring made of a special cast. Each of the orifice ring segments therefore requires pipelines for supply and discharge of cooling water.

The present invention aims to address the deficiency of an unsafe prior art Eliminate the location of the cooling tubes, d. H. the conditions occurring in the company better to become, so in the event of damage neither to interrupt the cooling effect nor to be forced to be sure to pull the vessel out of operation.

To achieve this object, the invention proposes, serpentine side by side herlaufend on to lay a plurality of cooling pipes allocated to them cooling surface and the individual cooling coils separately for herself with her lead part in an overall ¹ S common coolant distributor and connect with their return part to a common collector , whereby each cooling coil is assigned its own shut-off device. If one cooling coil fails, the other, undamaged »° cooling coils remain functional. The cooling coils can now be relocated according to the cooling surface assigned to them, namely in such a way that the adjacent cooling coils temporarily take over part of the failed cooling capacity. It is essential that it is not necessary to switch off the remaining cooling coils. If shut-off devices are provided for each cooling coil, there is the advantage of preventing coolant from leaking out immediately. This solution is of particular importance because in practice parts of the charging devices repeatedly hit the vessel or when removing converter bears during removal, damage to the mouth area has to be accepted.

The appropriate laying of the cooling coils to achieve a broad cooling effect, mostly in loop form To get laid pipeline, takes place according to the further invention so that each individual cooling coil in one or more, between the other spaced turns in the form a so-called multi-thread helix runs around a round vessel.

The invention also improves the cooling effect of such snakes at the same time, so that into consideration coming walls can be subjected to a much more intensive cooling. With the known Solutions, the choice of a double wall is always associated with the risk of local overheating. The reasons lie in the lack of a sufficiently rapid heat transfer from the heated part the coolant. The invention is finally able to completely eliminate such a disadvantageous effect, whereby it turns out that the measure goes hand in hand with the operational requirements: It is intended that the cooling coil cross-section on the one hand from the vessel jacket and on the other hand from an in Rohrlängsachsrichtung split pipe cross-sectional profile is formed. The coolant is therefore in contact directly the coat to be cooled. The heat transfer resistance to the coolant is correspondingly lower. Furthermore, there are only external welds that are always accessible and without difficulty during breaks in operation can be repeated. It is important that the manager is unassisted can perform such work in a reliable manner.

The invention is in contrast to many proposals which have not found their way into practice have also dealt with the problem of coolant fittings. A clear, easily accessible The arrangement results from the following measure: The cooling coils running around the mouth of a steelworks converter lead with their Ends to a distributor arranged in the area of the converter support ring, which is connected to a through the Support ring and the hollow pivot pin running main line for the coolant is connected.

It is true that there is always a natural temperature difference between the support ring and the vessel, which is a thermal expansion capacity presupposes in order to protect the lines from material damage, but also points here inventing a way to cope with this difficulty. Between distributor and support ring main line a thermal expansion compensator is inserted. Such compensators bridge different ones Thermal expansion of the support ring and vessel in several directions.

The peculiarity of operating metallurgical furnaces, which are often tipped for emptying or other purposes must be, the invention comes so that at the output of the pivot pin as a connection a rotary seal between the main line and a stationary coolant extraction station serves.

Rotary seals can be kept low-maintenance for higher pressures and longer operating times. This improvement accordingly forms a solution that can be adapted to the local conditions.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically and in the following explained in more detail:

F i g. 1 forms a partial view of a converter hat with a support ring and a pivot pin, all parts only, if necessary, drawn in the cutout;

F i g. 2 is an axial section corresponding to FIG. 1 of the cooled jacket of a converter hat.

The steelworks converter 1 has what is known as its muzzle cap 3 under the muzzle ring 2. The latter is connected to the cylindrical part 4 of the vessel 5 following. The cylindrical part of the vessel 4 surrounds the support ring 6, to which pivot pins 7 are attached. While the muzzle ring 2 made of heat-resistant Materials can exist and is dimensioned much stronger, only one material thickness can be selected for the muzzle cap 3, which can be managed with the machine facilities. It has also been found that a greater thickness of the hat does not bring any advantages because of the dreaded thermal stress.

Cooling the muzzle, on the other hand, is able to utilize the natural strength of the material increase. For this purpose, the cooling coils 8 run around the mouth cap 3 in a special shape. Starting from the distributor 9, each cooling coil 8 has a flow part 10 and a similar one Return part 10 (opening into a similar distributor, which is in the area of the other pivot pin), so that, depending on the size of the vessel 5, each of the cooling coils 8 has approximately three to four turns 11. Such an arrangement corresponds to that of a multiple helix. The distance 12 between two adjacent turns 11 can be reduced by inserting further cooling coils 8, whereby the multi-course is increased and the cooling capacity increases.

The cross section of a cooling coil 8 consists of a semi-open profile 13 and the muzzle cap jacket 14. Both can be connected by external weld seams or by a special one Process, according to which a press connection by electroinductive heating under certain circumstances even under Protective gas atmosphere is continuously produced (Fig. 2).

From the distributor 9 there is a main line 15 which passes through an opening 16 of the support ring 6 and the hollow Tilt pin 7 stepping up to a stationary coolant removal station, not shown further leads. The main line 15 is connected to this via a rotary seal.

The manifold 9 is attached to reinforcement rings 18 and 19. Thermal expansion between support ring 6 and vessel 5 is bridged by the thermal expansion compensator 17, which is connected to the main line 15.

Shut-off valves 20 are provided for each individual cooling coil 8, which consists of several windings 11. The exemplary embodiment accordingly also shows just as many for eight independent cooling coils 8 Shut-off valves 20.

The principle of the independent cooling coils 8 can be used in various embodiments will. For a large number of turns 11 with a higher number of turns of the helical lines, the Main line 15 can be equipped with additional distributors 9 around the support ring 6, for example. the The invention can also be used in other ovens that do not have a round cross-section. Need it also not absolutely necessary helical lines to be adhered to. The course of the cooling coils 8 can for example lie approximately in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vessel. Then there are pictures of the course similar to garlands.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (6)

1 2 The melting of the fodder in the course of many patent claims: Batches allow a considerable amount of heat to enter the vessel jacket, so that this occurs in individual zones 1. Metallurgical vessel, especially steel, is subject to permanent deformation. Ever factory converter, the wall of which is at least partially 5 greater the wear of the lining, the higher wise is hollow and filled with coolant, which increases the temperature in the vessel jacket, in particular Pipes on thermally highly stressed vessels äßzo- in the time of intermittent heat accumulation of the blaspenes can be supplied and derived, thereby marked period. However, the rigidity of the vessel jacket forms draws that several cooling tubes snake - also the hold for the feed. A cooled wall running side by side on the io therefore offers less stress and allocated cooling surface are laid and the individual has a lower tendency to warp. cooling coils (8) each separately. There are various measures for vessel cooling known with their leading part (10) to a common treatment. First, the vessel can be in the area Coolant distributor (9) and with its return part of the mouth are provided with double walls a common collector connected 15 to the, the coolant through the pivot pin are, each cooling coil (8) having its own drain is conducted (Soviet Patent 175,989; locking member (20) is assigned. U.S. Patent 3,345,058). Double walls 2. Vessel according to claim 1, characterized thereby, are not only difficult to manufacture, but also draws that each individual cooling coil (8) in expensive. Occurs despite cooling due to local heating one or more, between the others with the inner wall - the steelworker speaks of one Distance (12) arranged turns (11) in "red cheek" - a transformation of the coolant In the form of a so-called multi-thread screw in steam, the cooling effect quickly diminishes, ben line runs around a round vessel (5). and there is a risk of a complete breakthrough 3. Vessel according to claims 1 and 2, there- ches, wherein all of the remaining coolant runs out, characterized in that the cooling coils 25 The vessel then requires repair, which does not Cross-section can be carried out partly from the vessel jacket during a pause. (Mündungshut-Mantel 14) and partly from Rather, the incident requires the shutdown one of the vessel split in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pipe, which is known to cost a great deal of money (13) is formed. is bound. 4. A vessel according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in 30 According to another known proposal, the characterized in that the vessel wall around the muzzle cap (3) were in general formed by tubes The steelworks converter (1) through which the coolant flows (French cooling coils (8) with their ends to one in Sische Patent 1 473 423). Even if you have the Area of the converter support ring (6) arranged- basic shape of the vessel composed of individual bodies Lead distributor (9), which is connected to one through the 35, the problem still remains, the connection support ring (6) and the hollow pivot pin (7) are used between two pipe rings lying next to one another running main line (15) for the coolant to the load of the brickwork with the useful contents of the vessel opened up is. burden. 5. A vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that such a connection, which is produced by welding, that is placed between the distributor (9) and the support ring 40, already has a Main line (15) has a thermal expansion compensation internal stress which, under load, leads to the rupture of the rather (17) is inserted. Pipe material leads. In the event of a leak in a pipe 6. A vessel according to claims 4 and 5, in which air penetrates the pipeline system and passes through it characterized in that at the exit of the Kipp- sacht the formation of heat-insulating steam pegs (7) as a connection between the main 45 sen. However, it is because of the need to cool the entire vessel line (15) and a stationary coolant end of unequal heating at the bottom and mouth receiving station a rotary seal is used. not very economical. The amount of coolant required, the number of connections and equipment increases unreasonably high compared to the 50 worked result. The exchange of single pipes seems almost impossible because the welding of cannot take place inside. However, the vessel is severely affected by external influences, which one in the rough smelting works The invention relates to a metallurgical vessel which is difficult to evade. in particular a steelworks converter, the wall of which to the known measures, parts of vessels At least partially hollow and coolant with coolant, one counts cooled muzzle rings, which one is filled, which is arranged in pipes at a thermally high position with an air gap to the vessel jacket (German translation) Vascular zones can be supplied and drained. utility model 1 961136). In addition, in Metallurgical vessels are subject to a natural 60 the interior of which is provided with a cavity in which chen load by the heat of the molten cooling water is supplied and discharged to the through Content. The thermal conduction from the mouth area, which is urgent through the lining, is supplied mestrom achieved with individual melting process to dissipate heat. The cooling of mouth gutters a special size. gen takes place not only to protect the vessel, but In the case of oxygen inflation, the 65 tends to lead to an over-tight connection of the converter refining to prevent carbon oxide gas from being ejected with the jacket of the vessel. The excess supply of oxygen to a subsequent tearing of the overstrained muzzle rings combustion of the exhaust gases partially within the vessel. one prevents one by starting from the beginning only segments