DE1758386B2 - VERTICAL TUBE FURNACE - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a vertical tube furnace for the continuous or batchwise heat treatment of workpieces of great length and small cross-section, in which the workpiece is surrounded by particles that are in heat exchange with it. with heating devices and pipes running outside the tube furnace for returning the particles with the help of a carrier JIUSCS.

A device is known from Ils (French patent specification 1 083 084). in which the particles with the early'i / rMs are fed into a fluidized bed. A pipe leads through the fluidized bed, which in the upstream with one to be heated Fluid K'aiii'schlam is. The heat transfer ratios this device are unfavorable. The heat transfer particles must namely their heat only give off to the fluidized bed, from where a heat transfer to the one passing through the heated bed Tube takes place. This finally gives off the heat to the fluid. Because of the long Chain of heat transfer processes, the device works with relatively poor efficiency. The heating temperature of the fluid can also be changed

ίο do not control as precisely as with a heat treatment of workpieces, for example when annealing or tempering, is required. Such Heat treatments often include cooling processes. Here, too, is the well-known

X5 direction not suitable.

A tube furnace is also known (German patent specification 679 435). in which the walls of the Oven space are surrounded by heating elements. The heat transfer does not take place directly either on the workpieces, so that there is also a relatively low level of efficiency here. Furthermore there is no Possibility to cool down the workpieces quickly if necessary.

The invention is based on the object of avoiding the device of the type mentioned at the beginning to train the disadvantages indicated above so that while achieving a desired Efficiency comprehensive heat treatments of the workpieces including heating. Keeping up a certain temperature and cooling can be made possible.

To solve this problem, the tube furnace according to the invention is characterized in that the Pipes open into the furnace chamber receiving the heat at the top, at the upper end of this Oven chamber suction device for complete Separation of heat transfer parts and carrier gas, as well as additional cooling devices at the lower end with further cooling devices opening into the furnace space at the top Pipes are provided, and that the lower end of the furnace chamber via control valves to the Heizbzw. Cooling devices is connected.

With this arrangement, the heat transfer particles come into direct contact with the workpieces.

They fall under the action of gravity -.on up into the furnace chamber, collect there and are at the lower end via outlet lines deducted. The heat transfer takes place very intensively. Especially with very long and thin workpieces there is even heating via the control valves in the outlet pipe

one can see the individual heat treatment processes very easy to steer. You change the flow rate of the heat transfer particles and can thus heat up quickly or slowly to a certain temp Maintain perauir or cool down quickly or slowly.

According to a further feature of the invention, the tube furnace is characterized in that it is in upper part a sleeve that is slidable to release this upper part. having, where dicsi Bush the connection of the furnace chamber with Rut see for the heat carrier supply. Wed This feature makes it possible to load the tube furnace ii in a simple manner from above. There The workpiece is lifted, for example by means of a crane, and lowered into the furnace chamber.

LIm the introduction of the workpieces also in hori

758 386

3 4

To allow the zontal direction, preferably the particles can be heated and cooled as beds in vortex outlet conduits for the heat carrier particles. In particular, hollow axis is formed, which can be pivoted on fixed bearings for the method and the device to rotate the furnace chamber around the hollow axis according to German patent application P 16 67 25 (1.7 \. You can therefore draw the furnace chamber by 5,
Fold the hollow axle and align it horizontally. The heated and cooled particles are with

In the course of a heat treatment it is often with the aid of suction devices 20, 20 'to the upper part

Desirably, the workpiece to an abrupt temperature of the tube furnace via pipes 22, 22

subject to change / u, for example lifted off. The one to feed the tube furnace with

scare. I'm able to make this possible, the pipe- io hot particles certain pipeline 22 is carefully

Oven according to a further feature of the invention wrinkled thermally insulated. The particles are in the

characterized by at least one bunker on the tube furnace via the chutes 24. 24 'introduced and

upper part of the tube furnace, which with particles \ on fall into the furnace chamber by gravity

desired temperature for the direct delivery of which this is filled. The amount of particles will be

is filled in the furnace chamber. i ₅ by, for example, pneumatic or mechanical

The invention finally sounds a process control valves 28, 28 'controlled in the lower part

Using a tubular furnace as described above on outlet lines for the particles to the

. ■! Ens. which is characterized by. that the heating devices 16 and cooling devices 18

V ·. .! r carrier particles from a protective gas from the i: c> iciiict are.

- ^ sealed Hei / - and cooling devices mitge- 20 According to a preferred A -, tuhrungstorm the LR

1 -sen and that the C'uis can be returned to the cycle in the upper part of the tube furnace

d. Aut du · -.!. · Wise UiLU a heat treatment bunker, which is filled with particles of the desired fempcra-

: .üig carry out under school / gas. door is lulled. be provided which -'directly through

1 me for example embodiment of the invention gravity in the Oienraum be led to

d. ng it is shown in ilen / calibrations, in which there is a sudden drop in temperature;

! ■ ig. I seem to produce the upper part of the workpieces to be treated in the section.

of a raw knot according to the invention: The function of the worms to be treated

I-; G. 2 / first.'igt seem: uisch the lower part of the in the furnace chamber can be made in the upper part

k.ihrcnolcn ·. corresponding to Fi ^. 1. where these are, with the hood of the furnace chamber üK u ■>.: .-

.. (■ ig - to the 1 'i g 1 taken along line AB Toggle 3a men is: The workpieces are then processed by a

• »chhel.U: crane or d» l. captured and inside de- Ofe.n-

Ii g. - ^; lowered into a ciesamtdarMclIuiiü of the tubular room, where they are hung up. To

.'ten- according to the invention, whereby only the outside of the illustrated embodiment is the R-'hre :: -

uüirissc left and where the connections u; en with facilities' see, which also have a hon-

hnie tier both parts fig. 1 and 2 drawn in 35 enable zontaie loading. He i-t aui one

in the. Hollow shaft 30 eelosed and can ie-te. to d_-r

In the 1 e i 11 i g. 1 and 2 are each the upper base of the tube furnace ·· intended bearings -, chv.en-

Ivw. lower part of the tube furnace :, shown: the ken. This hollow shaft 30 serves at the same time a! - Au--

A proper technical separation was made accordingly for the hot and cold particles and

the Mi-·. G. 3 shown line AB. The tube furnace has rotating seals 32. the one sealing

According to the invention, a vertical device should be used. The socket 26 spank '·' ⁷

Oienraum 10. The warm-up by a coat 12 through a functional -v.rianisehe middle! and g; N

insulating material is surrounded. in the vertical the upper part of the oil, ^1. ' : umc. free and allowed '- ■ ■

Oiei.rau: -! are i; i vertical position to be treated- its rotation around the hollow shaft 30. um ei :: e B ---

the pieces arranged. In the drawing i-t 45 scliickun-j in a horizontal position of the to be treated

only a single work piece 14 shown to enable elb-tver work pieces.

You can, however, use several of these workpieces. During the heating season, the "<. ..!"

treated at the same time. Lm every deformation in the closed circuit with open !. :: ·. \ <: i: ■

To prevent the forks 14 in the pipe valve 28 from the heating device; 16 z-.irr eij -.- n: -

oien hung over suitable facilities: they borrowed 50 oienraum.

can, for example, from a bore through-ctz; To achieve the steady state ·. · :: '"/ - ■ · e: r.- ·

be, through which an axis is guided, which is to carry out maintenance, will be the part -: ".:;.: a · -:

support the ends in bearings. soften into the wall by cutting the control valve = · 2S un · .- '"-hen.

those of the furnace chamber are provided. In the upper part and the workpieces to be treated ■■■■ -: ·.: "■■ ■ '■

i-t the (\ enraum 10 via a movable sleeve 26 55 Oienraum 10 in the environment of the Heil..Ti T--! .ii.ri

extended, the one mouth with slides 24. 24 'au: tempera'ur held,

to the l'mspeiseii from W.irn-ieirägerieilchen -icherste'h. L'm an accelerated cooling '- - / .:' .. 'irneru

The Röhrenofer points to his R.isis! one of them causes the furnace chamber to become hotter. I: .. - ■ "c" "-

The correct number of heating and cooling devices is emptied, and a current is established! -. 'alT -.- r T. -hen a.

for the heat transfer particles. For example, the 60 from the cooling device 18 -iamrr- ■

consist of sand. According to the embodiment shown, the temperature after which the pipe: ·: ". .- · η: ■. --- .- ge: '

In the form of heating, the tube furnace becomes a heating device, it is that of the particles.

device 16 and a cooling device 18 ^ uf. The tube furnace after the ErfinuL:: -r! : ^; '.-- -.0-

Of course, a tube furnace after the one with. im «! eichen Oienraur :: ■:; ::. · u \ e /: i '... -irideln-

Invention of several heating devices 16 and cooling 65 of the: work pieces to -. ^. H: ^ -. :: - :? ~ i-rv-armung

devices 18 have, if the to be treated, the counter "; u; ::;".; !! ■ e.r. ί -.-.- nperature-

the workpieces successive heating. Giüh- change and a }] :::.: .- ■ de: sj.:. ^: .:. dere th.-r-

untl Hartunesvoreäneen are exposed. mix treatment ::: '.: -: i!' onr. ·. ·· '-! an can die

Number of cooling and heating devices and the Devices for feeding the tube furnace with particles increase when the workpieces to be treated must be exposed to a considerable number of successive heating, annealing, temperature holding and hardening processes or the like.

It is also easy to isothermally cure in the same way. It is sufficient to add a built-in heater for the particles to the tube furnace, which is regulated to the selected temperature.

The tube furnace according to the invention also allows treatments to be carried out under protective gas; To this end, the heating and cooling devices for the particles are designed to be gas-tight, and the particles are entrained by a gas in the suction devices. The gas is at 34 im the upper part of the tube furnace was resumed, dusted and recycled.

In order to ensure that the workpieces to be treated are slowly heated, one leads into the Furnace space a small amount of just removed particles in such a way that their contact with the to treated workpiece takes place quickly.

Among the advantages brought about by the invention Tube furnace are to be mentioned:

The very large heat exchange between the to

treated workpieces and the particles; due to the use of particle circulation This reduces the heating time and enables rapid hardening processes.

A high temperature homogeneity is obtained in the tube furnace, the heat carrier particles have a ) o large heat capacity compared to the totality of the tube furnace and the workpieces to be treated.

The possibility of being treated consecutively in the same furnace room without moving the Workpieces are heated followed by hardening, as well as other treatments under gas with the right composition, if necessary.

The tube furnace according to the invention can also be used for thermal treatments of all such workpieces that require a vertical position in a furnace space, but can also be used for continuous treatments of products that are guided vertically, for example sheets, bands, strips, wires or Poles.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Vertical tube furnace for continuous or batch heat treatment of workpieces of great length and small cross-section, in which the workpiece of with it is surrounded by particles that are in heat exchange. with heaters and outside of the tube furnace to return the particles with the help of a Carrier gas, characterized in that that the pipes (22) open into the furnace chamber (10) receiving the heat material (14) at the top, suction devices (34) for complete separation at the upper end of this furnace chamber of heat carrier particles and carrier gas, as well as additional Kühlvoriicli-Hinuuii on the lower Hilde (18) ri'it more, into the furnace room above opening pipe (22 ') are provided, and that the lower end of the furnace chamber is connected to the heating or cooling devices (16, 18 ') via control valve (28, 28'). 2. Tube furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that that he has a sleeve (26) in the upper part. which can be displaced to release this upper part is. having, this sleeve (26) the connection de ·. Ofcnruumes (10) with slides (24. 24 "* for the Wärmeträcerspeisuivj manufactures. 3. Tube furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outlet lines for the heat carrier particles are formed as a hollow axis (30), which lurk on solid lurking for a rotation of the furnace chamber (10) about the hollow axis (30) is pivotable. 4. Tube furnace according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by at least one Bunker at the top of the tube furnace, which is filled with particles of the desired temperature to the_: i direct delivery into the furnace chamber (10) is filled. 5. Method of using a tube furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heat carrier particles entrained by a protective gas from the sealed heating and cooling devices and that the which is returned in the circuit.