DE1751936A1 - Combined starter from a cartridge and an air starter for diesel, explosion and turbo engines - Google Patents

Description

OR. ELISABETH JUNQ, DR. VOLKER VO38f »€ 7 Off U-KKD * ££ R0AÖÖ COLDEWEY

PATINTANWXLTC • MÖNCHEN 2 * · S I EQ CtITRASSE 1 «· TCLCPON S4M * 7 · TCLEORAMM-ADRCiSIi INVENT / MONCHEN

u.z .: D 681 (Schä / Cy / eb) August 21, 1968

Olin Kathieson Chemical Corporation New Haven, Connecticut, V.St.A.

Combined from a cartridge and an air fan Starter for diesel, explosion and turbo engines.

Priority: August 22, 1967, V.St.A., Mr. 662421

The invention relates generally to a system for starting engines, in particular one from a cartridge and an air starter combined starter for diesel, explosion and turbo engines.

Since it can be assumed that the invention largely at Diesel engines will be applied, the description of the preferred embodiment is in one such engine turned off.

There are three generally accepted starting procedures of a diesel engine. These procedures see either an electric, a hydraulic or an air starter.

The electric starter usually includes a 12 volt battery and a 12-volt starter with the appropriate Equipment. life has many advantages, the electric There are also disadvantages to investing. One of the usual

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is a discharged battery. During operation. The battery power drops under cold conditions very quickly, and at low temperatures lat The battery is difficult to charge · In addition, the 12-volt battery is suitable for larger and more powerful diesel engines unsatisfactory. Starter manufacturers provide a remedy launched a 24-volt starter motor. To this in an electrical 12-volt system Using a truck is, however the installation of a series parallel bracket required During the starting process, the Sohalter automatically connects two 12-volt batteries in series with the starter to drive. During the rest of the tent, the Series parallel switch the two 12-Tolt * Batterlen connected in parallel to supply other electrical accessories on the truck su and charging current τοη a Include 12 volt generator. However, se has turned out to be the serial parallel holder very prone to failure and the 24-volt motor of the 12-volt version not really superior 1st

The cold weather as eolohes causes start-up problems with an electrical starting system. In cold weather, the viscosity increases of oil in the engine crankcase · Since the given · performance of a bed aria in cold weather decreases and the required Durohdrehleistung weighed the Viekositätaanstiege dos oils in cold weather is greatest ", the available Durchdrehleiβtung batteries mm starting the diesel engine β Eu be low.

Use the »broad form of training of a starting system hydraulic pressure for operation of the auxiliary motor. Dl The main components of such a system are a rom motor-driven hydraulic pump, «la · ham £ actuated · Votpump · and a pressure accumulator as well as an Amlaimotor and a container. The Druekspeloaer lit M η * *

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formed that the hydraulic fluid on a piston works, which of its own nitrogen works on the other Side of the plant on a Druok of about 225 attt (3200 p.s.i.) compressed, the eo the stored Provides energy for starting. Jedooh turned out to be that such systems because of complaints about leakage losses at the seals of the Anlafimotors for the general use in overland trucks are not useful.

The air cause Equip win special mn there popularity where it is on. Weight matters because they don't require heavy batteries. In its basic form, an air starting system comprises an air tank with a volume of, for example, 115 to 2302MMr, which is supplied with compressed air from the compressor for the air pressure brake of the truck. The container is connected via a quick release valve through a suitable pipeline to a sea leaf motor operated with compressed air, which drives a starter gear, which engages on a transmission ex-ad on the motor of the truck. However, tempering with air cannot be used without restrictions, since only a limited supply of air is available. If starting is unsuccessful on the first attempt and the driver continues to crank the engine periodically, the reservoir pressure will drop below the value required to start the starter motor and the truck engine. It has also been shown that when a truck is parked overnight, the air often escapes from the container, so that the air pressure available the next morning is insufficient to generate the power required to crank the engine. Although air cranking eliminates some of the problems inherent in electrical systems in cold weather, many users complain that condensate from the air in the tank and in the pipes enters the starting motor and at lower luminescence.

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temperature that Hesaer sam can freeze.

You invention is based on creating a ragleioh old a tuftanlaeaer usable reserve equipment directed. In the event of "dafi" in air fans for any Basically failure is in dar Reeerreeinriohttmg There is a cartridge that can create an oasis of high pressure, which is the drive for the air start provided starter motor can be entered. ~

The aim of the invention is ·· with regard to daa suvor Said ^ a modified system for engine · see below create.

Another goal is to create a more reliable system Start engines su sohaffen. hole another The aim of the invention is to create an Anlafeanlage Laatkraftwagen-Dieselaotov su aohaffen, dl · at low Temperatures works hard «.

In particular, ee is a goal of finding, a new a cartridge and an air fan combined Create a starter that includes a starter motor, which both with pressure ale as well as with one Gaeen operated a vacuum cartridge supplied by Gaeen can be.

Another feature of the invention is the acquisition an Anlaöanlage for a diesel engine, in which normally Compressed air to crank the system motor is used, in which, however, if the required air pressure is not sufficient, a geeerseugwnde Cartridge can be used

In the following, the invention is based on eoheamtleoher Drawings on an AuafOhrungabeieplel explained in more detail. From the description you also see «el« »

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Further goals or advantageous details of the Brfin ^ manure.

Se represent: Pig. 1 a scheme of a cartridge and air inlet *

system for a laetkraftwagen-Dieeelaotori

Pig. Figure 2 is an enlarged view, partially in section, of the cartridge receptacles Chamber and its closure device

Fig. 3 is a partially cut Seitenanaioht tob structure of the starter motor

Fig. 4 is a cross-section along line 4-4 of. ^ Fig. 3 and

Flg. 5 a cross section through an oil part device * -

tion for use in a system according to Fig? 1.

According to FIG. 1, the air supply part of the system according to the invention can include an air receiver or air tank 2, which can be arranged at any desired location on trucks. The air box 2 iat time a ZuftQsrtmgeleitung 4 rereehen (not shown) to a lead aa truck mounted compressor "The vessel is charged duroh the driven from the engine of the car Koapreesor to a pressure, which is usually in the m

Magnitude of a maximum of about 7 to 6.5 atmospheres (100 to 120 p.e.i.). The feed line 4 is usually pass with a one-way return valve 6, to allow the inflow into the container 2, but to prevent the outflow from this. Sin Safety valve 8 is connected to the inside of the container in connection and prevents overpressure in the container 2. The container 2 is also equipped with a hot feed valve equipped so that the container can be filled with compressed air from an external source, if there is one. A drainage valve 12 extends from the bottom of the air tank

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downward.

A fast-acting shut-off shut-off valve 14 is with its inlet part to the outlet of the air tank 2 and with an outlet part on the main air line 16 connected. Dao valve 14 can be a manually, pneumatically by an air hold system or be electrically operated valve. In the case of the FIG The embodiment shown is an actuation altar 18 through a corresponding cable 20 to the valve 14 as well as to an electrical energy source e.g. a (not shown) battery connected »so that an actuation of the switch 18 in the driver's cab can be arranged easily accessible for the driver, the valve 14 opens.

The cartridge part of the Anlafisystem comprises a receiving chamber 22 for the cartridge, soft with a high-pressure safety disc valve 24 is of a well-known design, so that the gases at au high Pressure in the high pressure part can escape.

The receiving chamber 22 for the cartridge also fits a removable closure 26 with a corresponding trigger (not shown) for igniting the cartridge 28. The trigger device can have a firing pin, which by means of a corresponding Cable 32 with the trigger device and an electrical energy source such as the battery of the truck connected trigger switch 30 electrically operated will. The release switch 30 can be in the driver's cab of the truck.

The cartridge 28 may be comprised of an operable unit consisting of a low powered solid propellant charge and an ignition device in an airtight metal sleeve. For the ignition of the ignition device, which in turn rounds the solid propellant charge,

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A conventional primer or the like can be provided will.

Subsequent to the cartridge chamber 22, an orifice 34 is provided in order to reduce the pressure of the oasis when it enters the hot gas line 36. A low-pressure Sioherheitseoheibenventil 38 let In dtr hot gas line 36 is provided immediately behind the mouth 34 to prevent overpressure in the hot gas line 36 su. The main air line 16 and the Heifigaeladeleitung 36 run directly above the starter 42 in a T-shaped TerbindungskOrper 40 euaammen. Adjacent to the Verbindungekörper 40, the main air pipe · is provided with a check valve 44, vm "u prevent gas flows from the cartridge upward stm air valve fourteenth

To ensure proper lubrication of the moving parts Ensuring the starter 42 is an oil meter 46 provided to the hot gas or compressed air when entering the starter oil »ususetsen» one The first line 48 runs from the inlet of the starter to the oil divider 46 and takes compressed air or hot gas from the inlet to operate the oil part. A wide line 50 runs from the oil distributor 46 sum Inlet of the starter 42 and leads the oil to the starter. A third from an (unselved) oil sump Line 52 leading to oil distributor 46 serves to refill the oil meter 46 after each actuation of the starter.

Xn Fig. 3 and 4, a starter 42 is shown, 4-calibrated has been shown to be suitable for both air and cartridge starting. The ignition 42 includes a blade motor 54 and a drive assembly 56, The sea leaf motor 54 includes an elevator 58, a rotating body housing 60 with a cylindrical

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solion inner surface 62 and an eccentric »ur Achfee of the cylindrical inner surface 62 of the skin 60 arranged rotating body 64 · The outer housing 58 bells a main inlet 66, at which daa running end of the T-shaped connecting body 40 angeeohloeaen let. 9er KLnlauf 66 is old Durohganges 68 In connection with the rotating body housing, the in turn with that through the cylindrical inner surface 62 limited interior of the rotating body casing to have. '

The rotating body 64 is provided with a series of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending slots 70, into which blades 72 movable radially inwards and outwards are inserted. Each knife is pressed outward by a spring 74 located between the round of the slot 70 and the base surface of the knife. Since the engine must also work when a gas generating cartridge is used, the temperature of the oasis entering the engine being between 54O ⁰ C and 600 ° 0 (100O ⁰ F to 120O ⁰ P), the knives must be made of one material , which can be exposed to the oases repeatedly in short intervals at these temperatures without danger. In a large number of experiments, a polyamide was used as a useful material found which is produced under the name "Vespei" and about 15 includes i graphltischsn carbon · The DrehkOpergehäuse 60 further comprises an outlet 76 provided with a Aueetoßöffnung 78 in housing in communication stands.

The rotating body 64 of the Mesaerblattmotora 54 protrudes a tone of the rotating body driven pinion 80 with of the drive group 56 in connection, which on a gear 82 engages on shaft 84 of the drive group The drive group 56 is enclosed in a corresponding housing 86 and includes a starter inlet

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rüokeinrichtung 88 for coupling the starter pinion together 90 with the gear provided on the Dieael motor when the knife blade motor is in operation will. The starter unit can be of the conventional type in which a friction clutch brings the starter pinion 90 into engagement with the gear provided on the diesel engine as soon as it is the drive shaft 84 rotates. Some characteristic engagement devices are in the US patents 3 003 006, 3 222 938 and 3 263 509 are shown.

Can be used in particular for the combined air and cartridge starting system described above oil distributor 46 is shown in FIG. The oil distributor comprises a housing 94 »in which a piston 96 with a first section 98 of smaller diameter and a second section 100 of larger diameter. knife can perform a limited movement «An inlet 102 for the air or hot gas to which the Line 48 is connected, is provided on one side of the housing 94 and opens into a chamber 104 on the rear side 106 of the piston 96. In the rear end position of the piston, the chamber 104 becomes start formed by a rotation in the rear part 106 of the piston 96.

In front of the section 98 with the smaller diameter of the piston 96 is on the opposite side of the housing an outlet 108 is provided. The line 50 is connected to this outlet 108 and has a Rtioketrömventil 110 on the immediately adjacent is built into the line 50 at the discharge 108 and the flow only in the direction of the oil distributor 46 to starter group 42 allows.

The portion 98 with the smaller diameter of the piston 96 has a front surface 112 with a

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The axially extending recess an · Sin · Peder 116 extends between the base of the external rotation 114 and the housing 94 to push the piston 96 into the rearward position, as shown in FIG. 5. The external rotation 114 and the front surface The sections 98 with the smaller diameter of the piston 96 form a receiving chamber 118 for the lubricating oil supplied from the oil collecting container through an inlet 120 in the housing. The line 52 from an oil collecting container (not shown) is connected to the bin 120 and Surrounds a return valve 122, which only allows the thermosetting flow in the direction of the chamber 116. The return valves 110 and 122 are not shown in detail, as the new devices belong to the state of the art.

If an old air start is desired, press the driver only uses the fast acting shut-off valve 14, because the compressed air takes its way from the air tank 2 doroh the line 16, the connecting body 40 sum Inlet $ 6 of the starter group 42 releases »Di · Air flows through the passages 68 in the rotating body housing dae housing a where they against dl · knife 68 of the threatening body acts and this how in? ig. 4 is indicated, rotates counterclockwise. The revolution of the rotating body 60 causes the rotation of the shaft 84 of the drive group 56, which is thereby put into operation whereupon the drive pinion 90 meshes with the gear 92 provided on the diesel engine and this in rotation offset.

Simultaneously with the entry of the compressed air into the starter group 42, part of the air is passed through the Inlet line 48 led away to oil distributor 46. Dl · on the back 106 of the section 100 with the larger Durohmesser of the piston 96 acting high pressure air drives the piston 96 to the outlet 108 and causes some of the lubricating oil in the hammer 118 through the

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Outlet line 50 «flows into starter group 42 and is razed into the high pressure air flow. Do Termination of the start-up process and interruption of the Supply of pressurized air pushes the spring 116 on the piston 96 Iu the original rearward position surüok, which while a predetermined 8cb * ieröl * narrow by dl « Line 52 and the return valve 122 to the lubricating oil collecting container sucks into the chamber, whereupon the oil divider is ready again for the next start-up process.

Since the effective area of the rear side 106 of the piston a 96 is larger than the effective area of the front 112 of the piston, when the oil is working eiler a 46 the enter high pressure: standing, on the Gases acting on the rear side 106 have a greater force exercise the piston as the τοη the against the gas pressure The lubricating oil working in the line 50 and the force exerted by the spring 116 on the door side of the piston amounts to. The piston 96 is therefore towards the outlet 108 verso and presses the lubricating oil through the line 50 into the inlet 66 of the Anlasaergruppe 42 · The backflow valve 122 also prevents that during the delivery stroke of the piston 96 oil penetrates into the line 52. The return flow valve 110 prevents air from the line 50 during the backward movement of the piston 96 is sucked into the chamber 116 "

after a cartridge 28 is inserted into the cartridge chamber 22 and the shutter 26 is closed When starting with the cartridge, the driver simply presses switch 30 in the truck cable, who then brings the high-pressure gas-sucking cartridge to the ignition. The gas flows through the Orifice 34, the line 36 and the connecting part eum inlet 66 of the starter group 42, whereupon it is on the Heaser blade motor 54 acts and the drive group 56 in the same way puts the ready

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when describing starting with compressed air was explained. Part of the hot gas flows out through line 48 and acts in the same Way like the pressure air on the oil dispenser, eo that. the hot gas stream entering into the starter group 42 is added.

In order to know how to use a single starter motor 42 for both systems it was necessary to reduce the temperature of the gas from the high temperature immediately in front of the cartridge chamber 22 to the entry into the motor 44 to a lower temperature. When leaving the cartridge chamber, for example, the oast temperature can be 112O ⁰ C to 118O ⁰ C (205O ⁰ P - 2150 ⁰ F). If the gases entered the starter assembly 42 at this temperature, it would cause severe damage to the blades and other working parts of the engine. A means for regulating the temperature is provided by the length of the hot gas supply line 36. Its length should be chosen so that it is sufficient to ensure sufficient heat transfer to the atmosphere so that the gas is not too hot, on the other hand it is short enough so that it does not suffer any loss of energy. It has been determined that a thin-walled pipe made of stainless steel with a wall thickness of 1.53 mm (0.060 ") and an inner diameter of 12.7 mm (0.50 ^N ) is expediently a length of 2.29 m to 3 _f 35 m (7.5 up to 11.0 ft). If the line length is in this range, an additional device for heat dissipation is not required. This is an advantage, since such a device would increase the total weight of the system Steel, the length of the line can be shortened by about 0.61 m (2 ft) If, for reasons of construction, it is necessary to shorten the length of the line 36 to below the specified lengths, cooling fins or any other

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their appropriate facilities for temperature reduction the heiQon gases are provided »

With the arrangement described above, a "system" is created with which a load can be switched on by means of a cartridge without a special one
Starter motor or a special drive unit is required. It is the plant described above
Can be manufactured relatively cheaply, is simple to make and is light in weight, and ensures proper tempering under all conditions.

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Claims (1)

Patent application 1. Combined from a cartridge and an air fan Starter for diesel, explosion and turbo engines, characterized by a leeser blade rotor (54) with an inlet (66) and a rotating body (64); a rotating body housing (60) old an inner cylindrical surface (62) whose axis SUi * axis dea rotating body is eccentric; Knives which are arranged at a circumferential distance in slots (70) of the rotating body and are movable in the radial direction (72); a chamber (22) for receiving a gaa generating cartridge (28); a terminal (26) sun Closing off the cartridge chamber and a connecting line (36) from the chamber to the engine inlet. 2. Starter according to Anepruoh 1, characterized in that that adjacent to the cartridge chamber (22) a · the pressure generated by the cartridge (28) Gases on entry into the connecting line (36) reducing llUndung (34) is provided. 3. Starter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature of the oasis of the Temperature in the cartridge chamber (22) to a lower one at the inlet to the tfeaser blade motor (54) Temperature reducing agents are provided. 4. Starter according to claim 1 to 3, characterized by a knife blade motor (54) bit «ins« linlauf (66) and one to be operated by the sea blade motor, transferring the power to the starting motor Drive device (56) ι store a compressed air. the air tank (2); one the air tank old dem Connecting the starter motor inlet pipe (16); 1098 * 6/0347 • ine rammer (22) «for the reception of a patron saint who was a father · (28)> a Yersehlußteil (26) for the Cartridge chamber and a gas-carrying connection line (36) From the cartridge barracks the inlet of the sea leaf gate; one in the air line (16) intended, the air passage threatening the air duct releasing valve (14) and one provided in the closure part, the ignition of the cartridge initiating device. 5. Starting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the air line (16) and the gas-carrying line (36) are brought together in front of the inlet (66) in a connecting piece (40) and the Air line between the air valve (14) and the connecting piece has a return flow valve (44), which allows a flow in the direction of the air tank (2) to the Äesserblattmotor (54), the. flow in the opposite direction as well as the flow of cartridge gases through the air valve, however, prevented. 6. Starter according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by a pressurized air or hot gas actuated, a predetermined amount of oil into the inlet (66) of the Hesserblattmotor (54) conveying oil distributor (46) 7. Starter according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by an adjacent to the cartridge chamber (22) provided, the pressure of the hot gases generated in the cartridge chamber when they enter the gas-carrying chamber Hohr (36) diminishing mouth (34). ' β. Starter according to claim 7 _r characterized in that means are provided to maintain the temperature of the gases generated by the cartridge (28) from the prevailing at the mouth (34) temperature to a lower temperature at the inlet (66) of Messerblatt- 10 9836/0347 lower engine fl (54) _: 9 “Starter according to Anapruoh 7, characterized in that all gas-carrying lines (36) are thin-walled tubes made of stainless steel Wandatärka of about 1.5 aa "ad an Iimendureh knife of about 12.7 mm and a length ron about 2.3 to 3.35 m is provided 10. Starter according to claim 7, characterized in that a gas-carrying line (36) is a standard heavy-duty one-inch drilling aue stainless steel old a lung of about 1.70 to 2.75 m is provided; 11. Starter according to claim 5 to 10, characterized in that the sea blade motor (54) is a Gehfiuae (58) old a BInIaB (66), a rotating body housing (60) with a cylindrical inner surface (62) and a rotating body (64) with an axis sur the inner surface of the Drehk & tyergehftuaes exsentrisohen axis ximfeit, the rotating body a Yielsahl of axially extending, old spacing la ÜBfangeriofetung arranged Slide (70) old in each Sohllts elngeeetstea BrehkSrperasesern (72) and the knife radially after auflen on the inner surface of the rotating body housing has pressing coats, and that a connection (68) Tom Binlaa (66) sum inside the wire body housing is seen, so 4aÖ either the oasis from the gas-generating cartridge or the compressed air suf the blades of the rotating body hit and Ata Drive rotating body. 12. Starter according to claim H, characterized in that the knives (72) of the rotating body (64) are made from a polyamide containing about 15 percent by weight of graphite carbon. 109836/0347 15. Starter according to claim 1, characterized by a drivable by a gaseous flow, a blade rotor having an inlet (66) (54); a »predetermined · aehraieröleenge fcua better blade motor conveying oil meter (46); • A device to divert a part of the gaseous Flow from inlet (66) to oil rail and a flow responsive to the diverted flow, the predetermined amount of oil in the oil meter in facility promoting admission. 14 · Starter according to claim 1, characterized by a knife blade motor (54) which can be driven by a gaseous flow and has an inlet (66) and by an oil distributor (46) for the knife blade motor with a housing (94); one in the case piston displaceable between a first position and a second position for dispensing the oil (96) with a front Eolben surface (112) which is smaller than the rear surface (106); one at the Back of the piston opening into the housing «· IaB (102) for the gas supply; one connecting the inlet (66) of the engine to the inlet (102) Pipeline (4B); one provided in the delivery position of the piston in front of its front edge in the housing oil dispensing outlet (108); one the dispensing outlet with the inlet on the engine connecting conduit (50) and a piston from its second position teder (116) pushing into its first position. 15 · Starter according to claim 14 »characterized in that the housing (94) of the oil divider (46) has a in the second position of the piston (98) has an oil inlet (120) provided in front of its leading edge; a pipe (52) connecting the oil inlet to an oil supply located apart from the oil divider; one when moving the piston from the first to the second position allows oil to escape through the 109 * 36/0347 A lock (122) preventing oil from leaking out of the housing and a lock (122) when the piston is displaced from the second to the first stall
the AbgabeauelaS (108) in the Ctohänse preventing lock (110) provided 109836/0347 / J Blank page