DE1751085A1 - Tube sheet for hot gas cooler - Google Patents

Description

Badisehe -Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG

-P 17 51 O85.9-I3 'May 29, 1968

6700 Ludwigshafen,

O.Z. 25 485 October 23, 1969

Robrbodert for hot gas cooler *

The invention relates generally to heat exchangers for hot Sase and relates in particular to a pressure-resistant tube sheet for Hot gas cooler, the pipes of which are additionally cooled in the gas inlet area are.

In many gasification processes, the gases generated fall with 'h.oh.en Temperatures and must be cooled before further processing while recovering the sensible heat. To an occupancy to prevent the heat exchange surfaces with substances that may be contained in the gases volatile or disperse, or around To cool down the gases quickly, gas velocities are often required. To ensure strength and for Avoidance of excessive thermal stresses and corrosion attack is to be required for such gas coolers that the metal surfaces exposed to the gas flow, preferably pipes, do not reach extremely high temperatures. Difficulties arise in particular when the gas flows through the tubes of a gas cooler, in its Outside high pressure steam is to be generated, the tube sheet must then be relatively thick-walled, and it is with the normal ones 179/68

009828/0607

New Unleriagen

Embodiments often do not allow the noise from the strongest adequately discharge heated entry points of the gas into the pipes.

It has already been suggested that these entry points, e.g. through grommets inserted into the pipes, by insulating the pipe? ·, to protect the floor or by laying a further, thin, non-load-bearing and separately cooled floor. The attachment of ceramic or metallic grommets in the pipe inlets or insulation in front of the tube sheet is usually not sufficiently reliable. - Fei upstream floors that are on the actual support pressure-resistant tube sheet, it is hardly possible to give the cooling medium flowing in the gap between a defined, Force the same flow direction at all gas entry points.

The invention is based on the object in a thick-walled Entry points of a hot gas cooler arranged in the tube sheet, on where high gas velocities occur, and also additionally can be exposed to a corrosive and / or erosive attack 1, effectively and with a defined uniform i To cool coolant flow. - This task is invented solved in that the tubes receiving the gas to be cooled are double-walled and ring-shaped at the entry points are collapsed and that fixed guide tubes are inserted into the ring-shaped cavities in an intermediate floor "

009828/0607 - 3 -

BAO ORIGINAL

Further features of the invention emerge from the following description in conjunction with the drawings, the exemplary embodiments reproduce schematically.

The Pig. 1 shows a cross section through the tube sheet area or the gas inlet connection of the hot gas cooler. The tube sheet (1) is located in a jacket provided with puddles on both sides. The tube sheet is detachably connected to the gasification chamber via the splash (A), and releasably connected via the splash (B) to the return space or the waste heat boiler for the recovery of the heat from the hot gases. The design of the RückkUhlraums or the waste heat boiler with heat-thawing surfaces in the form of coiled pipes or the like. Is not the subject of the invention. - In the tube sheet (1), tube sections (2) are fastened by suitable, conventional methods, which are directed in the opposite direction to the gas flow to be introduced into the hot gas cooler from the gasification chamber. The pipes (3) through which the hot gas flows are pushed coaxially into these pipe sections (2) so that double-walled pipes or annular gap-shaped cavities (c) are created over the length of the pipe sections (2). The free ends of these. The tubes (2) and (3) delimiting the cavity are ring-shaped and welded together. - From the side facing away from the gasification chamber, guide tubes (4) are pushed coaxially into the annular gap-shaped cavities (o), which in turn are fastened in an intermediate floor (5) arranged at a distance from the tube sheet (1). The free, in the cavity (o)

009828/0607 - ♦ .-

Entering ends of the guide tubes (4) end at a certain small distance from the ring-shaped tube ends (2) and (3) » so that a certain cross-section for the coolant is created at this point.

The curved pipe ends which form the immediate inlet zones for the hot gas into the pipes (3) can have different types of cross-sections. In the Pig. 2 is only, the inlet end of the tube (3) entering the recooling chamber or the waste heat boiler is deformed towards the tube section (2) of larger diameter and connected to it, so that more or less sharp edges with the diameter of the tube (2) arise . - In the embodiment according to Pig. 3, every curved connection point between the pipe sections (2) and the gas pipes (3) is rounded in the shape of a thorus to improve the flow of heat and the internal and external flow conditions. The thorus-shaped connection of the pipe sections (2) with the pipes (3) also makes it possible to reduce the wall thickness in the area of the dished connection. - Finally, this connection according to FIG. 3 can also be designed in such a way that prefabricated thorus-shaped rounded rings are welded onto the tubes (2) and (3) and can also be made of heat-resistant special materials.

The liquid to be evaporated or another coolant is introduced into the space (D) between the tube sheet (1) and the intermediate sheet (5). This agent then flows between the pipe sections (2) and the guide pipes (4) up to the curved inlet

00 9 828/0607 -5-

running point of the pipe sections (2) and the pipes (3) and from there between the pipes carrying the gas and the guide pipes back into the outer space of the hot gas cooler. - To increase the tangential speed of the coolant along the surfaces to be cooled can guide vane-shaped curved elements (6) on the The ends of the guide tubes (4) must be placed, creating a swirl flow around the axis of each pipe (3) in the area of the inlet point.

The inventive design of the test tube and the inlet points in the tubes (3) can be carried out additional constructive Measures still to improve further. Too high a temperature of the thick-walled tube sheet (1) is avoided by the Pipe sections (2) protrude sufficiently far into the gas space. Furthermore, the tube sheet (1) according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 can be between the pipe sections (2) be insulated with a rammed earth (7) or with shaped stones. For secure attachment of this The pipe sections (2) are expediently radial arranged pins or other adhesive elements known per se.

009828/0607

Claims (5)

Claims 1. Tube sheet for hot gas cooler for high differential pressures between the gas and the coolant, for cooling hot gases flowing through the tubes at high speed, characterized in that the tubes (3) receiving the gas to be cooled are double-walled at the entry points and are closed in a ring are, and that in the resulting annular cavities (c) fixed guide tubes (4) are inserted in a presented intermediate base (5). 2. Tube sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved connection point of the tubes (3) is rounded in the shape of a thorus. 3. Tube sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that a curved ring is welded onto the tubes (3). 4. tube sheet according to claims 1 to 3 » characterized in that the double-walled areas of the bore (3) protrude beyond the tube sheet level into the gas space. 5. Tube sheet according to claim 4t, characterized in that the space between the tube area protruding into the gas space is completely or partially filled with an insulating material * Badiache Anilin- & Soda-Febrik AG drawing. -k 009828/0607 N «U · Documents - M-- T ^ rrTfn'riiiimppi ι r ι