DE172846C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- JVl 172846 CLASS 49g. GROUP

STEFAN SCHNEIDER in CHARLOTTENBURG.

Method and device for the production of ball bearing rings from ₍ individual discs, which are punched by means of mandrels, then by hammering

expanded and finally rolled out.

Patented in the German Empire on July 27, 1904.

The production of ball bearing rings has so far been carried out in such a way that round iron rods cut into narrow slices and punched out of the latter rings of various diameters became. These rings were turned off and hardened to the size in which they were obtained from the bar material and ground and put to use in this condition. This method but means a considerable loss of material as a result of the chip waste Turning off and also by the fact that the removed from the inner part of a disc Rings could only be used for small diameter ball bearing rings.

In addition, methods have become known for machining other rings in which the rings obtained are expanded to a certain diameter by means of mandrels. However, this could only be used for rings where it was only a matter of the design of the same, which, however, be it in the course of the later processing process or for use, are not exposed to any significant pressure loads, such as B. wedding rings etc. The expansion by means of mandrels creates tensions in the material, which are true for wedding rings and similar objects not uncomfortable asserting, but certainly for rings for other purposes.

There are also methods for the production of rings are known, in which first an expansion of the raw workpiece took place by means of mandrels, followed by rolling the workpiece has been made; z. B: Wheel tires are produced in this way. However, the transfer of this process to ball bearing rings was therefore not obvious, because the ball bearing rings always have to be hardened in order to meet their requirements and because if readily the method of manufacturing wheel tires for ball bearing rings would be used, warping of the material would take place. This is because of it to explain that some of the tensions have already been balanced out by rolling out becomes to such an extent that this is completely sufficient for wheel tires, but that a large part of the stresses still remain in the material, as is the case for ball bearing rings is no longer permitted. The wheel tires do not need to be hardened, as a result the remaining stresses do not assert themselves, while ball bearing rings necessarily must be subjected to a hardening process in which, if there were stresses in the material, warping would occur! It is well known that ball bearing rings in particular work extremely precisely otherwise they cannot be used for the intended purpose.

According to the present invention, the im

Claims (2)

Material loss mentioned at the beginning of the description was avoided in accordance with the old method. After the rings have been expanded by means of mandrels, the material tensions that arise are compensated for by hammering in a radial direction over the entire circumference of the workpiece, at completely even, adjustable intervals.
It is also not new that rings are hammered all around, but so far this has only been done for a purpose that is secondary to the essence of the invention, namely single. borrowed to increase the diameter. The hammering process used up to now took place in such a way that two men turned the ring a bit further after each blow with a crowbar pushed under the edge. In particular, it was important to the inventor to balance the stresses in the radial direction Direction, because it is precisely in this direction that the material warps Ball bearing adversely affected. To carry out the method, a device is used which processes the automatically rotating ring in the radial direction, the hammerbear i being connected to the inclined carrier (pin axis, etc.) of the ring to be processed through lever transmissions and a switching mechanism in such a way that with each high gear of the battering ram, the work piece is switched by a completely constant amount, but its size can be determined by appropriate adjustment. A device used to carry out the method is shown in the accompanying drawing, namely FIG. 1 shows the front view of the same, FIG. 2 shows a side view of FIG. 1 with a partial section according to AB of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a rear view of FIG Fig. 1.
The hammer mill shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 carries on an arbitrarily equipped foundation (not visible in the drawing) an expediently in a swallow tail groove with the bar α displaceable bearing piece b with an inclined A ^ order surface. The same serves to receive a conical pin c, which ends in a projection d to the front and in a screw thread e to the rear with an end piece f attached to it. The latter serves to accommodate a ratchet wheel g, which is expediently brought into fixed connection with the pin c by means of wedging. The axis of the latter is perpendicular to the inclined front surface of the bearing piece b, so that it is inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal. The purpose of this is that the ring h rests completely on the inclined front surface of the bearing piece b during machining and at the same time is carried in a safe manner by the shoulder d without the use of any other aids and is prevented from any displacement "in the axial direction". Approach d is expediently designed in a corrugated manner. The hammer bear i can be driven in any way. The striking surface of the same is bevelled in the inclination of the axis of the pin c in order to exert a uniform pressure effect on the ring. Suitably, with the ram, an adjustable stop in the longitudinal direction k to be associated, which affects an arm of a rotatable around a fixed pin double lever l · when going high of the former to 'thereby pushing a rod into downward. Two adjusting rings n, which sit on the lower part of this rod m , cause a double lever p, which is hinged to the rear extension of the pin c , to swing out during the downward movement of the latter. At the other end of this double lever p , a pawl q, which is under the action of a compression spring r, is rotatably mounted. The double lever / is also equipped with a spring 0 which, as soon as the action of the stop k on the double lever ceases, brings the latter back into the rest position. The hammer mechanism works as follows: The ring to be machined is placed on the fluted shoulder d . When the ram goes up, it causes the double levers / and p to swing out, whereby the ratchet wheel rotates by one or more tooth lengths by means of the pawl q. The size of the switching movement can be regulated by adjusting the stop k in the vertical direction, or in another suitable manner. Simultaneously with the movement of the ratchet wheel g , the conical pin c and its extension d are set in rotation, the latter turning the ring to be machined by a certain amount due to its corrugated surface by means of friction. During the next work cycle, the battering face of the ram hits a place on the ring that has not yet been worked on. The process is repeated in the same way for each operation. Patent-A ν Proverbs: i. Process for the production of ball bearing rings from individual disks, the punched with mandrels, then expanded by hammering and finally rolled out the, characterized in that, before the rings are subjected to a further machining process by rolling and hardening the material stresses arising in the thorn through the entire circumference, in completely uniform, adjustable distances, even hammering that has taken place in the radial direction can be compensated for. 2. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim i, characterized in that the hammer bear (i) by lever transmissions (I ₁ m, p) and a switching mechanism (q, g) in such a way with .dem inclined carrier '(pin axis, etc.) (c) of the ring to be machined (h) is connected to the fact that with each ramping up of the ram the work piece is indexed by a completely constant amount, but its size can be determined by appropriate adjustment. 1 sheet of drawings.