DE1710499A1 - Shrinking process for yarns - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing.

Rudolf Busselmeier
Patent.nw.lt Augsburg, January 22nd, 1968

β9 Augsburg · Rehlingenstrasse «β Priority: Great Britain

rotifdMdckoXo! Some." No. * «» ₂ k, January 1967

5067/01 Bu / Em No. 3507/67

Patent application

Linen Industry Research Association The Research Institute, Lambeg, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland, UK

"Shrinking process for yarns." ^

The invention relates to yarns made of textile fibers of the type in which at least some of the Yarn-forming fibers initially have different shrink properties, which later in the Way influenced or developed that a selected (certain desired) yarn structure is achieved.

The object of the invention is to produce ™

of such a yarn and also its qualities %

to improve.

According to the present invention, this includes Method of handling a summary (a fleece or sliver or similar bundle of fibers) of textile fibers, at least some of which by strong stretching and then Separation of the continuous Paser · »or thread material in staple fibers (e.g. single fibers of certain

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5067/01 Bu / Em - 2 - January 22, 1968

Length, "staple length"), whereby the staple fibers have high or strong shrink properties received, the process step that the paser summary is subjected to a heat treatment in which various parts thereof Summary exposed to different temperatures in such a way that the shrink properties of at least some of the fibers are changed will. Preferably, all of the fibers are broken by a stretch-breaking technique; it is a well-known process in which the fiber material is stretched so much that (up to) it tears and then forms staple fibers, i.e. individual fibers whose length corresponds to the "staple length" Tolerances is established. The fiber Summary is later converted into yarn and either then or after the yarn becomes one Woven or knitted fabric has been processed, subjected to a shrinking process in such a way that the fiber η shrink in different ways and that the yarn structure changed in a desired way will.

Not all textile fibers are natural. The treatment method according to the present Invention accessible; the invention is particularly intended with certain fully synthetic, thermoplastic Threads or fibers, in particular polyacrylonitrile fibers, are used will.

109883/0326

5O67 / OI Bu / En - 3 - January 22, 1968

The invention is also apparent from the following specific description and the drawings, the only example of two different embodiments of a device only Implementation of the method according to the invention own.

1 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment the establishment;

Flg. FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a second embodiment of FIG Facility; ™

FIG. 3 shows a partial plan view of the device according to FIG. 2 in FIG Direction of arrow A;

Fig. K shows a section along the

Line IV-IV in Figure 2 on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 5 shows a cross section along a line

V-V in Figure 4. I.

For all examples to be described '

a nonwoven fabric of polyacrylonitrile fibers has been produced by stretching and tearing, for example with the aid of a Seydel or turbo stacker. ( "Seydel" - and "Turbo" currency acceptor are marketable machines for performing the so-called _t already mentioned above "stretch-tear method"). By stretching and tearing, a higher degree of recoverable shrinkage or shrinkability is usually achieved (or a higher yield of shrinkage or

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Shrinkability achieved) than with the other common methods of producing staple fiber; with (particularly) carefully controlled stretching and cutting, however, the same degree can be approximately can be achieved.

If the pastes are heat treated unhindered or unrestricted, the degree depends the regained or gained shrinkage or ability to shrink from the temperature to which it is subjected wolf. With a typical ACRILAN

^ (registered trademark) begins to shrink

around 60 ° C and peaks at lkj ° C if it is a dry treatment; the corresponding temperature points for a treatment in the presence of moisture are approximately k3 ° C and 100 ° C. The temperature points in the following examples are based on the above, but it should be pointed out that the exact temperature treatment ^ depends on the properties of the treated fibers away-

P depends. (The type, duration, temperatures etc. will be

determined by these properties.)

Example I;

In this example, different parts of the non-woven fabric are subjected to different temperatures, by passing through a gas curtain, the temperature of which is adjustable and controllable is. This has the effect that different) groups of the fibers of the nonwoven fabric to different degrees, to shrink.

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It was evident from FIG. 1 that a fiber fleece S, obtained from a Seydel or turbo stacker, shown generally at 10, with the help of a slatted belt or slatted frame 11 continuously through a dry air curtain is moved, the air of which comes from two sources 12 and I3 of which one 12 has a temperature of 60 C and the other 13 a temperature of 143 C. Has. The two sources are through a slide or

Valve system 14 coupled to one another, which Ik which is arranged in a suitable way outlet opening, eg% has an outlet slot or -düse, by the or the air is directed onto the moving fibrous web (optionally. 15 cross-section and / or direction-adjustable be). So that the valve can produce a continuous change effect, it is designed to control and regulate the two sources in such a way that air at 143 ° C is first directed onto the fiber fleece, followed by J

a gradual admission of increasing amounts of air M

of 60 C and gradually decreasing air volumes of 143 ° C, finally the shutdown of the air follows 143 ° C in such a way that only 60 ° C air is directed onto the sliver. The process is then reversed etc. For this purpose the valve 14 is usually a rotary valve which is continuously operated by a Motor l6 can be driven. In this way, the shrinkage properties of the fibers of the fiber fleece vary gradually over a wide range.

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If a distribution in large groups or quantities is required, only the 1 * 3 ° C air is required used and simply hired for a period and then turned off for a period. Because of this With this method, only fibers of very large and very small shrinkage or ability to shrink are obtained.

It should be emphasized that the temperature extremes, to which different parts of the nonwoven fabric are subjected, not necessarily at those temperatures coincide, which are necessary to obtain such a shrinkage or ability to shrink, which is on the one hand zero and on the other hand maximal. Selected proportions of the fibers of the summary can have different selected temperatures in each range between those mentioned Limits are to be subjected, so that an extremely rough predetermined yarn structure is achieved. Different Parts of the summary can be within or at a number of different temperatures at the boundaries of a given range as in the second embodiment of the above example to be subjected; It is also possible that different part of the summary one gradually The changing temperature provides a full range of temperatures in the desired temperature range forms, are subjected, as in the first embodiment of the above example.

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5O67 / OI Bu / Em - 7 - January 22, 1968

Example II: 1710499

In this example, too, a fiber fleece comes from a Seydel or turbo stacker 10 (see FIG. 2). The fiber fleece S is inserted with the help of the processing device it 20 placed in a zigzag position (see Fig. 3) on the upper track of a conveyor belt 21, its Band 22 is perforated so that air can pass through. The nonwoven fabric S is through guided a dry air curtain, the temperature of which varies across the width of the belt 22, wherein the temperature range from the area of (shrinkage ^ j

or) shrinkability depends on that in the fibers Ji

of the fiber fleece is to be achieved.

The air curtain is generated by a device which is indicated generally at 23 in FIGS. This device will now be described in more detail with reference to Figs. K and 5:

It can be seen that the device 23 is box-like Parts 2% and 25, which are above resp.

are arranged below the upper track of the conveyor belt 22, the sides opposite to the belt 22 being open. The box parts , Zk and 25 · are divided into a number of transverse adjacent compartments 26 and 2? divided by dividing plates (baffle plates) 28 or 29. Each of the upper compartments 26 is divided longitudinally by a dividing plate 30, which extends from the open end of the compartment over part of its height. In the upper, undivided area of each compartment 26 is a rotary fan 31 for circulating the air through the

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1710 * 99

Sliver S is provided in the direction of arrow X (see FIG. 5). In the direction of flow behind the rotary fans 31, heating resistors 3 ² are arranged in the lower "divided areas" of the compartments 26.

All rotary fans 31 are simply mounted on a common shaft 33 and driven by this * The heating resistors 32 have different capacities in the various compartments 26, whereby the air that is blown by the rotary fans 31 through the nonwoven fabric 21 at different Divide or place the bandwidth has different temperatures, such that a temperature gradient is formed over the tape.

The heat-treated nonwovens of any of the examples mentioned above then become yarn processed, it being important that if a homogeneous end product is required, to any During this processing the fibers are mixed intensively. The usual yarn making process will ensure this.

The yarn is processed either before or after it into a woven or knitted fabric or the like has been subjected to a shrinking process, whereupon the various shrinkages in the forming the yarn Fibers are developed and the yarn structure (6 or possibly the woven or knitted structure) is changed will. The shrinking process is usually a further heat treatment at one temperature of at least 143 ° C, whereby a maximum

male residual shrinkage developed. 109883/0326

5067/01 Bu / Em - 9 - January 22, 1968

The ability to obtain a wide range of shrink properties according to the invention * is essential for the desired treatment of woven or knitted fabrics.

It is not intended to limit the invention to the examples given above only; many changes as can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. -. M.

For example, the heat treatment M

steps in the presence of moisture by using humidified air or by drawing the nonwoven fabric through a spray its heat treatment can be carried out if lower process temperatures can be used, to get similar end results.

The means for effecting the heat treatment can vary, for example, the nonwoven fabric can be a fluid bed overall \% attracted whose temperatures are controllably varied.

Types of fibers other than polyacrylic 'nitrile fibers can also be produced by the method according to FIG Invention are treated, e.g. polyester fibers and MÖdacryl fibers.

- 10 -

- patent claims -

109883/0326

Claims (1)

5067/01 Bu / Em - 10 - 22 January I968 I71 (tt99 Claims; 1 · Method of treating a composite of textile fibers, such as a non-woven fabric, of which at least some by extensive stretching and severing of continuous fiber or thread material have been produced to staple fibers, characterized in that the summary such as, for example, the fleece is subjected to a heat treatment in which various parts thereof Summary of different temperatures A is set in such a way that the shrinkage properties modified by at least some of the fibers. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that all staple fibers by a Stretch-tear technology can be produced. 3. The method according to claim l. Or 2, characterized in that various desired ^ te parts of the fibers different desired tem temperatures are subjected, in any desired range between the temperatures which is essentially no and essentially maximum yield of shrinkability (resp. Shrinkage) result * k. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the desired temperature range is limited by the temperature extremes which essentially have no and essentially maximum yield of shrinkability (or shrinkage) result. 109883/0326 - 11 - 5067/01 Bu / Em - 11 - 22 January I968 5. The method according to claim 3 or k, characterized in that different parts of the summary such as the fleece ₍ a number of different, discrete temperatures within or at the limits of the temperature range are subjected. 6 · method according to claim 3 or ^ t characterized in that different parts of the summary, such as the nonwoven fabric, to verän- M changing temperatures «which provide a complete temperature Form the temperature spectrum over the temperature range, ^ be subjected. 7 · Method according to one or more of the preceding claim ·, characterized in that the summary, such as the _nonwoven} is heat-treated by an air curtain during its passage. 8. A method according to one or more of the ^ vorhergehen- claims, characterized net gekennzeich- M, that the heat treatment is carried out in the presence of moisture. 9. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in, that the heat treatment takes place without the application of moisture - 12 - 109883/0326 5067/01 Bu / Em - 12 - January 22, 1968 10 »Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that dl · summary, wi ·
For example, the fleece j contains fibers made of polyacrylonitrile. 11. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the treated summary, such as the fleece, is mixed and spun into yarn, which is a final
Is subjected to shrinkage treatment either before or after its (further) processing. 1 09883/0326