DE1704933A1 - Process for the production of synthetic material reinforced with split fibers - Google Patents

Description

Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd, Tokyo - Japan

Process for the production of fiber reinforced with split fibers Plastic material

The invention relates to a method for producing split fiber reinforced plastic material.

It is already known to incorporate yarns or fabrics into foils or to use them to produce laminates. D _a in but it was not possible in the interim Verschichtung

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clear the individual strands of the yarn or fabric with the polymer of which the film is made to impregnate satisfactorily because the conventional yarns, i. the yarns drawn as threads or those spun from staple fibers usually have a smooth twist. In such cases, the molten polymers only cover or wet the outer surfaces of the fabric without getting into the interstices of the fibers

^ penetrate as if the softened films were shaped, wherein the penetration of the polymer of which the film is made does not go so far that each individual fiber from that the yarn or fabric is made is sufficiently covered. Accordingly, the bond between the Polymers of which the film is made and the yarn or fabric only weakly · and the film and the yarn or the tissue tend to be different from one another in the event of external influences without mutual interaction

|) To adopt behavior. Will continue to be a laminate Formed from a relatively thin film, the parts of the laminate which contain the yarns thicken, as a result of which the product obtained usually feels stiff and the original softness of the grains is lost, what is noticeable in the conventional waterproof garments or films that contain yarns.

It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a method for producing a synthetic fiber reinforced with split fibers

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fabric material that is different from the traditional products completely different and that soft, in strength large and ultimately relatively "cheap" is to create. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for the production of a plastic reinforced with split fibers materials without the conventional Spinning and weaving processes must be used. It is finally another object of the invention to provide a to create plastic material reinforced with split fibers, which can be joined by hot gluing instead of sewing.

In addition to other advantages, these goals can be achieved through the Process according to the invention can be obtained, which essentially characterized by the use of untwisted split fibers ^ from stretched films or webs.

According to the method according to the invention, multilayer Plastic materials reinforced with split fibers with a reticulate structure, produced by splitting fibers with a net-like structure, which is produced by splitting up films that have been stretched in the longitudinal direction after deformation produced, are, are spread that the spread split fibers with foils made of organic thermoplastic Polymers with a softening temperature which is below the heat resistance temperature

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Split fibers is layered when a tensile stress is exerted in the longitudinal direction of said split fibers and that said layer material at a temperature below the heat resistance temperature " of the split fibers mentioned, but within the softening temperature range of the film to ensure mutual Gluing is pressure glued. Furthermore, according to the process according to the invention, at elevated temperature, several pressure-bonded laminates alone or together with other prematerials to form multi-layered laminates be pressure-glued. Finally, according to the method according to the invention, the obtained according to the above method, plastic material reinforced with split fibers at a temperature below the heat resistance temperature of the Split fibers lying temperature are embossed.

If a film made of a fiber-forming polymer, for example made of high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride,

a polyvinyl alcohol, a fluorine-containing polymer, VPolyester,

Polyamide or their copolymers, or from regenerated cellulose or a cellulose derivative under a suitable

4-10 times
Neten heat treatment ^ stretched, so it can easily

Fibers with a reticulate structure are split up.

The fibers obtained mostly have a reticulate shape Structure on. When using the sliding friction method

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on the surface of a rotating bearing, which represents another invention of the applicant, the product obtained has a network of split fibers of irregular length. Furthermore, the split fibers produced by means of a hard twisting process also have the reticulate structure described above. The split fibers produced with a tap-like cutting tool had a network of split fibers of regular length. The present invention e . came to be applied to all of these split fibers, regardless of the particular splitting method used.

- In practicing the present invention, it is It is preferable to use split fibers without twisting them, because when using untwisted fibers Split fibers the polymer from which the film is

. stands, which softens when heated in such a simple way can be introduced between the individual fibers that

excellent bonding of the fibers results and that the film is held firmly due to the strong adhesion even if the chemical bond strength between the two is only weak will.

In general, when drawn webs are split into threads with a network of split fibers, the decrease in the number of threads The tenacity of the untwisted yarn is roughly half

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that of the original path. However, this reduction in strength is not caused by the splitting, but rather by the uneven loading of each individual paser of the reticulated structure in the course of the potency measurement. When twisting, the strength gradually increases; For example, when twisting a yarn with 10000 to 300 twists per meter, the strength is increased to 90 % of that film. This is a point markedly different from the conventional short fiber spun yarn in which approximately half of the strength of the fibers is consumed in maintaining the continuity of the yarn and only the remaining half adds to the strength of the yarn.

The first feature of the present invention is the use of the untwisted split fibers with reticulated Structure made from stretched films or webs when splitting the stretched film a very thin web is obtained from a single fiber layer with a reticulated structure, in which the adjacent Fibers are connected to each other. Therefore, if a film with a split fiber web which is wider than the Width of the stretched film is spread before splitting, is layered and the whole thing at one below the heat resistance temperature of the one used Split fiber and within the softening range

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the temperature of the film used is pressure-bonded, then the softened polymer penetrates filling between the individual fibers and envelops them. Since the surface of the fibers is so large that the bond between the fibers and the polymer of which the film is made, becomes very strong, both act against external influences together, and the product obtained in this way is not as rough and does not feel as stiff as products that have passed through Obtain layering of yarns or fabrics with films will. Rather, the material obtained according to the invention is smooth, thin, soft and firm.

For example, if a high-density polyethylene film is stretched 10 times after molding, the stretched film obtained has a strength of 6-7 g / d. If an expanded split fiber network obtained by splitting said stretched film is coated on a film made of low density polyethylene at 100-115 ⁰ G under tension in such a way that the resulting sheet has a fiber content of 50 % , then the toughness is des obtained sheet in which the fibers are elongated, Jk g / d and is almost equivalent to that of spun yarn of short fibers having the same tenacity as the drawn film even if the split fibers are not twisted. Further, there are, as the product obtained according to the invention with

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a foil is attached, the pasers in the untwisted State evenly distributed and joined together with the film to form a body. What about connecting the products is concerned, this can be done by heat sealing, a separate connection by sewing is unnecessary. Will spun yarns arranged in parallel and layered with a film, then the individual threads are apart arranged independently without cross-connection, so that

"They must be united by joining the individual yarns to obtain a firm bond. Based on a study carried out, it was confirmed that a fiber content of 80 % even if the laminate is covered with a film when heated to a high temperature almost equal to the heat resistance temperature Fibers is heated at the same temperature, pressure-glued, is the limit at which the polymer of the laminated film penetrates said fiber layer to the rear thereof, but the fiber content of the product is generally 50 % or less.

If the fiber content rises above 80 % , the strength generally increases. If this is too high, however, the strength no longer increases in proportion to the increase in the fiber content, since the wetting and sheathing of the individual split fibers with the polymers that make up the film is reduced. It also has too high a

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Paser content due to the decrease in the hot-melt adhesiveness of the laminate obtained is only of a lower practical value. Therefore, the upper limit of the fiber content is set at 80 % . This represents one of the. Features of the present invention. The fiber content in the present invention, if the product is to be firm, is therefore mostly within the range of 20-50 %. However, if, for example, dyed split fibers are added for decorative purposes, whereby no special strength, but only dimensional stability is required, then a lower fiber content is sufficient for such purposes in many cases. But even in this case the fiber content should be 10% by weight or more of the sheet, a fiber content below 10% being meaningless. This specification of the fiber content is another characteristic of the present invention.

When layering split fibers with a film, |

these are first spread out. In the following, as first the propagation method will be described.

A number of foils or webs become parallel with heating stretched and on the surface of a rotating file split under tension by sliding friction, with .as result Shreds of split fibers can be obtained in the expanded state. In those cases where split fibers, which have been wound up on a beam in the form of a cable,

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are to be spread, the following three possibilities for spreading are suggested:

1. Spreading to the narrowed length can be done without further by passing through a flat channel that is long enough and the desired width possesses and through which a rapid air flow is passed and which occurs through the carding and conductive effect of the air flow. Then the spread Split fibers and the air tangentially directed onto the curved surface of a roller, which is what happens that only the spread net is moved with the roller surface and by the air flow, which leaves this in a tangential direction to the curved surface of the roller, is separated. In the other Trap are carried along with the air stream against a movable sieve, behind which There is negative pressure, blown, so that only the fibers can be deposited on it.

2. If there is a bundled split fiber network that is wound on a cone, this can be done gradually spread out by pulling it up while repeatedly changing direction many curved or straight rod guides, which rotatable or fixed, can rotate. An equal

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shaped distribution of fibers in the spread Setz can be achieved by combining different management levels, curved outward or near inward or can be straight, with a rough or smooth surface.

3. Because split fibers in the dry state due to friction Can be electrostatically charged, represents the spread of the split fiber network through use this electrostatic charge that a Repelling the individual pasers is an elegant effect Procedure.

Options 1, 2 and 3 described above become combined with one another in a suitable manner in the practical implementation. Are split fibers in yarn form too a cable-like bundle or one thread at a time wound up, then it is sufficient if these yarns in certain intervals and to a preselected width, similar like a conventional warping process.

If the product of the method according to the invention for the production of materials such as belts, ribbons, gutters or Like. Used, which mainly require strength in the longitudinal direction, then the wide split fiber network

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as it is, under a longitudinal tension on a preselected Wide spread and several layers of said spread network are up to one such

• Thickness laid one on top of the other that softened when piled up Foil on one side of the resulting laminate the softened polymer from which the foil is made,

. drips out on the other side of the laminate, whereupon said film-laminated material after fc is pressure-glued according to folding to the desired width and thickness, or suitable layers of the aforesaid Foil-laminated materials are preheated, without wrinkling, laminated together to the thickness of one Bundle or a web pressure-glued according to the end product and then the multi-layered product obtained

• for the production of belts, ribbons or sheets on suitable Width is cut. The product obtained is a very useful material as it is accordingly its fiber content is solid in the longitudinal direction, continues to be soft, not slippery and due to its high level The proportion of unstretched flexible film is hardly tearable in the lateral direction and is connected by heat sealing can earth. So far, steel straps have been used for packaging, which are replaced by thick stretched polypropylene tapes. However, the latter are inevitable with one Subject connected. Namely, if the draw ratio is increased to increase strength, then they are not very resistant to lateral tearing,

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while conversely, when nan the draw ratio adjusts so that it is easily prevented from tearing sideways can be strength and impact resistance as well the resistance decreases at low temperatures. in the In contrast, according to the invention, there is the draw ratio in the stretched film is increased to obtain high toughness and an undrawn soft film each of the individual split fibers, which from the drawn

• · i

th film are produced, the product A is wrapped

firm, hardly brittle and due to the bundled fine Fibers soft. The product also has many more Properties of practical value.

For the preparation of a product in both the longitudinal and lateral directions, dh is thus biaxially resistant, according to the inventive method, for example, for preparing a composition suitable as a textile material or hard paper material, it is sufficient if a product in i which the split fibers in Are arranged longitudinally and in the lateral direction or at the edge of a plane in the laminate, is produced.

A convenient method of arranging the split fibers in Warp and weft represents the following working method:

A stretched wide film as it is or a Number of mutually parallel aligned stretched

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Tracks which are obtained by cutting a film are curved by sliding friction on the Split surface of a rotating bearing. The resulting expanded split fiber network is believed to be a Represents group of warp threads. Appropriate groups thereof are arranged in parallel so that they are the preselected Width of the warp and continue up to the prescribed thickness to form a warp weave.

layered each other. This procedure is used during the

Movement of said warp fabric carried out. then a softened film is glued with pressure onto the resulting warp fabric with heating in order to produce a film, the initially warp threads of split fiber nets and which is wound up. Two such chains are put together as indicated below. For example an unstretched polyolefin film with a width of 1 m and a thickness of 0.06 mm nine times ver-P stretched, the stretched film obtained is 33 cm wide and 0.02 mm thick. Will the stretched film split by sliding rubbing on the surface of a rotating file, then on the fibers in the dry state Generates static electricity, which repels the individual split fibers from each other. In this case they are going to be several times the width of the original Spread out the stretched film in a tension-free state so that its width can be adjusted to 50 cm by tension

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can. Two layers of the above-mentioned ÜTetz are parallel. arranged, whereupon two layers of it to a width of. 1 m are warped, the result being that the thickness of the split fiber is essentially 0.026 mm on average. If a 0.025 mm thick polyethylene film with low density is layered on top of this, the fiber content of this layer body is ea. 5 ±% If their polymer penetrates the fiber layer sufficiently to the other side of the hate. As stated above, a roll of a sheet with a width of 1 m, containing chains of split fiber nets, is made and another roll of the same sheet, made similar to the above and cut to a length of 1 m, is made crosswise the previous sheet is repeatedly piled up side by side as it circulates, after which the entire material is bonded together by pressure uniformly at a temperature which is below the heat resistance temperature of the split fibers used, but in the softening range of the polymer film used, with a laminate that combined Warp and weft fibers contain, hangest is rushed. The product obtained can be used as it is as a thin sheet, while, if strong and thick sheets are to be produced for fabric, suitable layers of the above sheet, which contains warp and weft, are preheated to one another.

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layered on top of each other and bonded together to form a multi-layered body by pressure. In the Verschichten of broad sheets, in one of the Schihten of the laminate will cause if layers between the residual bubbles, incomplete bonding ', generated Luftventilierungslöcher. In any case, since the laminate obtained according to the invention consists of warp and weft which are regularly crosslinked with one another, the laminate obtained has high strength both in the longitudinal and in the lateral direction. This is another advantage of the present invention.

The above example refers to 1 m wide split fibers, which are almost evenly distributed. Will be multiple networks from split fibers, which are obtained by splitting stretched narrow foils or webs that are arranged in parallel are distributed at preselected intervals and, as stated above, layered with soft foils, see above a sheet containing untwisted split fibers in strips is obtained. Become two layers of such a bow layered on top of each other so that their fibers join together cross at right angles, so a layered body with split fibers, which in this in the form of a piebald Pattern are glued. It is possible with this method, the fiber density, especially at the selvedges of the Increase layered body. The embedding of split fibers

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in the form of a checkered pattern represents the method to make it unbreakable despite a low fiber content and is therefore very often used with advantage.

The advantage of a layered body which contains split fibers is that when split fibers, which are obtained by splitting 10-fold stretched films, are arranged in the form of warp and weft to form a layered body with a fiber content of 50 %, the product obtained then translucent and more than twice as strong as the original film. In order as the original film to ensure it is sufficient if the resulting Schichtk _T örper is only half as heavy as this that is, which has only half the thickness of the original film, therefore, the same strength. When using this transparent laminate for a greenhouse or for other agricultural purposes, it allows more ultraviolet radiation to pass due to its reduced thickness by half Ren, whereby the incorporated fibers reflect the light diffusely, make the laminate solid and break-proof at the same time and improve the dimensional stability against fluctuations in the atmospheric temperature. It is also advantageous from an economic point of view that reducing the g / m 2 to half reduces the consumption of raw material on the polymer. Becomes suitable by layering paper with a sheet of paper

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Thick wrapping paper, which contains split fibers, prevents the paper surface from slipping that would otherwise often occurs in panniers and also gives the product printability and also has an antistatic effect. On the other hand, reinforces the polymer from which the film is made. stands, the paper by penetrating into it.

Of course, as described above, a foamed polymer plate can also be coated. This Layered body shows shapely appearance and feels soft,

Are bags made from conventional plastic oil ienjzum Packing of cement is used, which has not yet cooled down sufficiently and the filling is still hot

these immediately after removal from the rotary mill, then * 'are through the heating does not retain its shape. For this reason, therefore, only paper bags have hitherto been used for this purpose. The laminate alone or the laminate which contains split fibers and is layered with paper has however, due to the heat-resistant fibers contained therein, the necessary dimensional stability even when heated so that it can be used to make bags for packaging hot cement. The received Bags have the further advantage that they are made moisture-proof by the layered polymer films have been. You can continue in an advantageous manner

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oIs packaging bags for powder or granules, such as fertilizers or plastics, are used for this reason, because they have a much higher strength than those that come from the conventional, fiber-freeii Polia are established, although they are raw as a result of the high Firmness, compared with the latter, only half the amount of polymer you need. For the production of bags for packing rice or barley, in which a Some ventilation is required, a laminate is used with suitable small holes, vrie pinholes, inserted.

As a result of an experiment it could be determined that in the method according to the invention, since the split fibers spread out to form a network of individual fibers are, the total surface of the fibers is very large and that, since 8.11e individual fibers with the softened film completely are covered, a reinforced, split fiber-containing layer material can be produced, even if the adhesive strength between the film and the fibers is weak and that an even stronger product can be obtained if the Bond strength between the film and the fibers is great. In this context it can be emphasized that when using a film made of a polymer of the same kind or class, of a copolymer or of a Derivative, such as the polymer of split fibers, whose softening (melting) point due to the arbitrary molecular

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orientation or due to the fact that it is a copolymer or a derivative, is lower than that of the split fibers and for combination with the split fibers, i.e. if such a film and the split fibers are glued together by pressure when heated, these are then glued together as tightly as if they were would be welded together so that they make a very strong product. The following example is intended to illustrate the invention Explain the process, in particular the process which is of the same type of polymer for the Foil and for the fiber runs out.

Example 1:

In this example, a product that was used at. Use of a film made of a polymer of the same type or Group like that of split fibers for bonding was obtained in terms of strength with one Compared material which had been obtained using a film made of a polymer of different types and which had a weaker bond strength.

Table I.

Strength and elongation of a product made from a drawn web and split fibers.

Polymer Stretched on a track
as starting material Split fibers
without twist strain Strength elongation
g / a. % strength
g / d 28 Polyethylene
(PE) ■ 2, * 12th Polypropylene
(PP) 3.8 20
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The above-mentioned split fibers, which are spread out and

were sharpened and weighed 7 g / m 2 with a film with a low softening temperature and

■ p

a weight of 18 g / m "bonded by pressure, whereupon the obtained products were piled on top of each other in the form of warp and, weft and then all the material, such as already described, was glued again by pressure.

2 2

The end product, which is 36 g / m of film and Ik- g / m fibers

was used as a comparative sample. The result- ^ nis of the experiment, the strength and elongation xirerden in Table JX given.

In Table I, the strength was calculated by saying that the strength (measured with a Schopper type) of a pattern of reinforced material obtained by cutting to a width of 50 mm by weight only of split fibers that go in one direction of the weft or of the chain (expressed in g / d) was divided. The strength of the films was in both cases of polyethylene and polypropylene 0.8 g / d.

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Table II
Increasing ratio of the strength of the reinforced splint meterial

Combination of bond strength elongation »strength film and splitting temperature g / d ' % increase % fibers ⁰ G Sohußkette weft chain weft + warp: 2

P.E. Folie and P.P. Split fibers

P.E. Folie and P.E. Split fibers

P.P. Folie and P.P. Split fibers

110

115

3.8 3.8 13 13 8.0 7.7 17 16 7.3 7.8 29 28

24-0

where: P.E. Polyethylene

P.P. Means polypropylene.

* Increase in strength {%) =

ι _nn Strength of the HWF - Strength of the SF Twisted ^x . ^uu strength of the SF untwisted

wherein If.W.F. non-woven fabric (non-woven fabric)

S.F. Split fiber

(split fiber)

means

The strength is given in g / d.

As can be seen from Tables I and II, it is known that when the film is strongly glued to the split fibers, the strength of the product is as great as that Strength of the stretched web before splitting, due to the priming and good wetting effect of the adhesive on the untwisted split fibers, in addition to the strength of the film. When using a

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Polyethylene film and PolypropyXenfasem is increasing Firmness of the product does not exceed the normal effect of the primer and the fibers will already be peeled off the film with a relatively small load. . '■ _ ■.' . - .- ■

From Tables I and II it can be seen that when the split fibers and the film consist of a polymer of the same group, their mutual adhesion is so strong that a solid product is obtained. In the present example, a polyolefin was used. In a similar way, solid products can also be made with combinations such as a film made from the copolymer of 60 % vinyl chloride with 40 per acrylonitrile and split fibers made from polyacrylonitrile (more than β5 % acrylonitrile), from a polyvinyl chloride film and split fibers from the copolymer from 60 % vinyl chloride with kQ% acrylonitrile, from an unstretched polyvinyl chloride film or a polyvinyl chloride film which has been plasticized in the usual way or internally and split fibers made of polyvinyl chloride and from a polyester film with a low softening temperature and split fibers made of conventional polyester.

The split fibers made from different polymers can be used in simply films made from polymers of the same type or group as those of the split fibers, theirs

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Copolymers or derivatives whose softening temperatures are below the heat resistance temperature of the split fibers are selected.

Since the strength of a film, which is reinforced by layering with split fibers, is several times greater than that of ordinary paper, even if a weaker paper layer, for example a thin wrapping paper, a paper made of Gruiidpulpe or from Straw pulp is produced, is layered with the film, the product thus produced has satisfactory performance properties for use instead of a thick sulfate packaging paper for conventional packaging, so that the wood required for producing the pulp can be saved in this way.

On the other hand, it has a layer reinforced with split fibers according to the present invention

Foil with a veneer obtained product improved 'water resistance and dimensional stability.

If the foil reinforced according to the invention is further coated with a thin metal plate or foil, then can on the surface with 'the occurrence of an anti-rust effect can be expected and the product obtained has excellent low temperature resistance and impact resistance, namely due to the use according to the invention

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formation of a film that is based on an oriented polymer, which so far in the conventional resin coating had not yet been used, is reinforced.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention Invention, described reinforced thin film such a smooth surface and due to the contained therein Split fibers have such a high dimensional stability and is about in addition so tightly that when coated with clay or a ™ other white or colored powder along with one Glue and then drying the whole thing and a product similar to solid art paper or coated paper by bonding with pressure is obtained.

In this case, when coating the film with a Abrasive powder such as corundum and when gluing with it Obtain an abrasive film or a film similar to sandpaper, tear-resistant and waterproof, at low cost

As a film that is used when carrying out the invention and whose softening point is lower than that of the split fibers, a stretched film made of polyethylene, with low density, made of soft polyvinyl chloride, made of polystyrene or polypropylene, preferably

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because it does not shrink when heat-sealed. Purely uses for which heat sealing is not possible is necessary, biaxially stretched films made of different polymers can be used. A stretched one Film performs better in various physical properties, but the softening point of the increases Polymer film with the increase in molecular orientation due to stretching. Accordingly, the pressure bonding must happen with split fibers under high pressure and at such a temperature that in no case the molecular orientation the stretched film is loosened. In addition, in the present invention, a foamed, re Polymer film or plate, in which a blowing agent or foaming agent has been incorporated, used as an adhesive film will. The layered material obtained with such an adhesive film is firm, flexible, not slippery, has a soft grip and can be used for solid decorative wrapping materials.

So far, in the description, the use of deformed films with low softening temperatures for Layering with the network of spread and warped split fibers explained. In some cases, when a ■ Mastified rubber sheet on the split fibers coated and impregnated into it and then the resulting layer structure is vulcanized, a rubber product

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obtained with split fibers. This embodiment is also applicable within the scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, instead of a film, a latex or a aqueous emulsion of various polymers are incorporated into the split fibers for impregnation, whereupon the entire Material is dried and when heated at the softening temperature of the polymer is glued together under pressure. As a result, it can be the same as the above Product can be obtained. This embodiment also falls within the scope of the present invention.

Since a film is used as the adhesive binder in the reinforced material covered with split fibers, which is obtained according to the invention by the above-mentioned process, the fiber content is at most 50 % or less in order to ensure the satisfactory bonding of the fibers to the film . If a product with a higher fiber content per unit area (g / m) is desired, the weight per unit area (g / m) increases and the film used becomes thicker. Accordingly, their flexibility is reduced. However, if the product produced according to the invention is preheated to a temperature below the heat resistance temperature of the fiber and between metal mesh belts or fabric belts in a sandwich structure or on embossing rollers with suitable meshes or

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a concave or convex structure pressed on the surfaces, then the material obtained has an enlarged Flexibility on the uneven surface prevents slipping and its fibers are through the above Embossing again arranged in a network so that it has the outward appearance as if the product was made by V / flat would have been, thereby greatly increasing its economic and practical value.

As a result of an experiment, it could be confirmed that when the material was introduced between two metal screens and when pressing hard at a pressure of 100 150 kg / cm between rubber rollers, the embossed material perforated through the protruding parts of the metal screen so that an air-permeable laminate is obtained as a result.

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Claims (1)

- 29 P a t e η t a η s ρ r ü c h e 1. A method for the production of multilayer plastic materials which are reinforced with split fibers with a reticulated structure, characterized in that split fibers with a reticulated structure, which are produced by splitting up after deforming stretched in the longitudinal direction, stretched foils, spread v / ground that the spread split fibers are layered with foils made of organic thermoplastic polymers with a softening temperature which is below the heat resistance temperature of said split fibers, at a tensile stress exerted in the longitudinal direction of said split fibers and that said layer material at a temperature below the heat. resistance temperature of the split fibers, but within . Erweichungstemperaturbereiches of the film to the warranty ₍ "performance of the mutual bonding is pressure-bonded, the fiber content in the layered body in a region above 10% and below 80 wt -.% is maintained, 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreading of the split fibers is carried out continuously in conjunction with the splitting. - 30 209813/1311 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that gekenn2eich.net the spreading of the split fiber !! towards the desired width after the untwisted split fibers have been wound up Bundling takes place by means of the carding action of a fast-flowing medium. ^. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the formation and spreading of the split fibers to the desired width after the untwisted ones have been wound up Split fibers by reversing the direction of rotation of said split fibers under tension along rods and curved Rods done. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreading of the split fibers to the desired width by electrostatic charging of the split fibers takes place after the untwisted split fibers have been wound up are. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the split fibers with a reticulate structure represent a split wide film before spreading. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the split fibers with a reticulated structure in the split state have a number of narrow webs which are parallel and in Are spaced from each other represent. 209813/1311 - 31 - '. AD ORIGINAL ti. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that more than one bonded druckverklebtes laminate at elevated temperature with further laminates by pressure x \ ^T IRD. 9. The method according to claim 1> characterized in that more than one pressure-glued lamina.t glued to multi-layer laminates in this way with pressure at elevated temperatures becomes that the directions of the fibers contained therein cross each other. IQ. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that more than one pressure-bonded laminate bonded to multi-layer laminates by pressure at elevated temperature will that the directions of the pasers contained therein are parallel. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer films with a softening temperature, which is below the heat resistance temperature of the split fibers used to achieve a particularly strong bond made of polymers from the same group (homopolymers, copolymers or their Derivatives) exist like the polymers of split fibers. 1?,. Process for the production of multilayer plastic materials, which are reinforced with split fibers with a net-like structure, characterized in that split 209813/1311. - 32 - fibers with a network-like structure, which are produced by splitting after deforming stretched in the longitudinal direction films, are spread that the spread split fibers with films made of organic thermoplastic polymers with a softening temperature which is below the heat resistance temperature of said split fibers, with a longitudinal direction of the called split fibers are layered and that the said layer material is pressure-bonded at a temperature below the heat resistance temperature of the split fibers, but within the softening temperature range of the film to ensure mutual adhesion, XTO at the fiber content in the laminate in a range above 10 % and below 80 wt . -% kept xtfird and that one or more of the obtained plastic materials reinforced with split fibers with other foreign materials by pressure bonding at elevated temperature modified properties are obtained by said foreign material. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that a sheet of paper is used as the foreign material. 1Ψ. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a tissue is used as a foreign material. - 33 209813/1311 BAD ORlGJMAL 15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that a veneer is used as a foreign material. 16. .The method according to claim 12, characterized in that a thin metal plate is used as the foreign material. 1?. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a thin metal foil is used as the said foreign material. is set. - ■ 18. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that as a foreign material a finely powdered material which gives the end products paper-like properties, is used. 19. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the foreign material is an emery powder which ί gives the end products grinding and polishing properties borrows. 20. Process for the production of multilayer plastic materials, which are reinforced with split fibers with a reticulate structure, characterized in that Split fibers with a reticulate structure, which are stretched in the longitudinal direction by splitting after deforming Foils are produced, spread out, 209813/1311 that the spread split fibers are layered with foils made of organic thermoplastic polymers with a softening temperature which is below the heat resistance temperature of said split fibers, at a tensile stress exerted in the longitudinal direction of said split fibers and that said layer material at a temperature below the heat resistance temperature of said split fibers, but within * the Erweichungstemperaburbereiches of the film is pressure-bonded to secure the mutual bonding, the fiber content in the layered body in a region above 10% and below 80 wt -.% is maintained and that the obtained amplified with split fibers plastic material at - a temperature below the Vlärmebesteausstandsstemperature of the split fibers is, is embossed. ^ 21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that embossing by pressing between metal mesh belts inserted plastic material takes place. 22. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that embossing takes place by pressing the plastic material inserted between the fabric strips. 23. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the embossing by pressing the plastic material on Embossing rollers takes place. 209813/1311 - 35 - ORIGINAL BATHROOM 2 ^L l ·. Traversing en nnch claim 2Q, characterized in that the embossing is carried out so that generated by the protruding parts of the metal screen in the plastic material of regular holes. 25. A method for producing multilayer plastic na terialien, which are reinforced with split fibers with reticulated structure, characterized in that the split fibers with reticulated structure, which are prepared by · ä splitting after the deformation in the longitudinal direction stretched pollen, are propagated, άηβ the spread split fibers with foils made of organic thermoplastic polymers with a softening temperature which is below the heat resistance temperature of the split fibers mentioned, in the case of an applied in the longitudinal direction of the split fibers mentioned Tensile stress verschichtet and in that said layer of material at a temperature below the heat resistance temperature of the split fibers, but is pressure-bonded within the Erweichungstemperaturbereiches of the film to ensure the mutual adhesive bonding, the fiber content in the layered body in a region above 10% and below 80 wt -.% is held that one or more of the obtained plastic materials reinforced with split fibers are layered by pressure bonding at elevated temperature and that the obtained plastic reinforced with split fibers • - 36 -2098 13/13Ί1 - 36 - s bo ff material at a temperature below the heat resistance eat ", temperature of the split fibers. 26. Yerfnieren according to claim 25, characterized in that dns embossing by pressing the between metal screen belts
a"? the er: ton of plastic material takes place. 3? "Method according to claim 25, characterized in that embossing by pressing the -.- elesrten between the fabric bands. Course material takes place. ? .ö. Verf? I * -re: i npcli claim 25, characterized in that the embossing is carried out by rotating the plastic material
Embossing rollers erföl.ct. 209813/1311