DE1669855C3 - Process for the production of preformed molding compositions and molding compositions produced by this process - Google Patents
Process for the production of preformed molding compositions and molding compositions produced by this processInfo
- Publication number
- DE1669855C3 DE1669855C3 DE19671669855 DE1669855A DE1669855C3 DE 1669855 C3 DE1669855 C3 DE 1669855C3 DE 19671669855 DE19671669855 DE 19671669855 DE 1669855 A DE1669855 A DE 1669855A DE 1669855 C3 DE1669855 C3 DE 1669855C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- water
- solvent
- solution
- resins
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004011 Methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000428199 Mustelinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGYJPQWMSKOSTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide;phenol Chemical compound NC=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 UGYJPQWMSKOSTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KREXGRSOTUKPLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KREXGRSOTUKPLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Description
A) die pulverformigen Füll- und/oder Verstärkungsstoffe sowie die sonstigen Zuatzstoffe mit den konzentrierten, d. h. mindestens 70 Gew.-% Harz enthaltenden Lösungen in einem Mischkneter oder einer anderen geeigneten Vorrichtung so lange durchgearbeitet, bis das Gesamtgemisch homogen und so plastisch, d.h. verformbar geworden ist, daß es auch ohne Zugabe von Wasser z. B. in einer Strangpresse zu Strangstücken vorgeformt werden kann. Eine Zufuhr von Wärme ist entbehrlich.A) the powdery fillers and / or reinforcing materials as well as the other additives with the concentrated, d. H. solutions containing at least 70% by weight of resin in a mixing kneader or another suitable device worked through until the total mixture is homogeneous and so plastic, i.e. it has become deformable that it can also be used without adding water e.g. B. in an extruder to extruded pieces can be preformed. There is no need to supply heat.
Man erhält so staubfreie, sehr kompakte Strangstücke, die man durch Trocknen auf den gewünschten Fließgrad einstellt und gegebenenfalls noch zerkleinertThis gives dust-free, very compact strand pieces, which can be dried to the desired Adjusts the degree of flow and, if necessary, still crushed
Beim Arbeiten nach B) arbeitet man das pulverförmige Gemisch aus dem feingemahlenen Harz mit den Füll- und/oder Verstärkungsstoffen und den sonstigen Zusätzen in einem Mischkneter oder einer anderen geeigneten Vorrichtung mit einer solchen Menge Harzlösungsmittel durch, daß im wesentlichen die Konzentrationsbedingungen der Arbeitsweise A) erreicht werden; die Menge des Harzlösungsmittels beträgt höchstens 45, bevorzugt 5 bis 25 Gew.-%, bezogen auf Festharz.When working according to B), one works with the powdery one Mixture of the finely ground resin with the fillers and / or reinforcing materials and the other Additions in a mixer or other suitable device with such an amount Resin solvent by that substantially the concentration conditions of procedure A) achieved will; the amount of the resin solvent is at most 45, preferably 5 to 25% by weight, based on on solid resin.
Als Harzlösungsmittel dienen bei der Herstellung von Formmassen auf der Grundlage von Phenol-Formaldehyd-Harzen, wobei Novolake oder Resole eingesetzt werden können, organische Lösungsmittel, bevorzugt kurzkettige aliphatische Alkohole wie Methanol oder Äthanol; beim Arbeiten mit Phenol-Resolen kann man gegebenenfalls auch Wasser als Lösungsmittel verwenden. - Auch bei der Herstellung von Formmassen auf der Grundlage von Harnstoff- bzw. Melamin-Formaldehydharzen verwendet man Wasser als Harzlösungsmittel. Bei der Herstellung von Formmassen, die Phenol- und Aminharze gemeinsam enthalten, verwendet man entsprechende Gemische organischer Lösungsmittel mit Wasser.Resin solvents are used in the production of molding compounds based on phenol-formaldehyde resins, it being possible to use novolaks or resols, organic solvents, preferably short-chain aliphatic alcohols such as methanol or ethanol; When working with phenol resoles, water can optionally also be used as the solvent use. - Also in the production of molding compounds based on urea resp. Melamine-formaldehyde resins use water as a resin solvent. In the production of molding compounds, which contain phenolic and amine resins together, appropriate mixtures of organic compounds are used Solvent with water.
In den wäßrigen Harzlösungen (Arbeitsweise A) bzw. in das bei der Arbeitsweise B) zugegebene Wasser können auch Lösungen, Emulsionen, gegebenenfalls Suspensionen von natürlichen Harzen oder deren wasserlöslichen Salzen, synthetischen Harzen und/oder Netzmitteln in Wasser, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz organischer Lösungsmittel, und/oder Emulsionen von Gleit- und Haftmitteln, z.B. Silikonölen eingearbeitet werden, wobei die Menge des Harzlösungsmittels entsprechend verringert wird.In the aqueous resin solutions (procedure A) or in the water added in procedure B) Solutions, emulsions, optionally suspensions of natural resins or their can also be used water-soluble salts, synthetic resins and / or wetting agents in water, optionally with additives organic solvents and / or emulsions of lubricants and adhesives, e.g. silicone oils with the amount of the resin solvent being reduced accordingly.
Natürliche Harze sind beispielsweise Gummi arabicum, Kolophonium oder Schellack; als synthetische Harze sind beispielsweise Phenolresole, Novolake, Aminharze oder Acrylatharze brauchbar. Als Netzmittel lassen sich beispielsweise Fettalkoholsulfate, Alkyl- und/oder Alkylarylsulfonate verwenden.Natural resins are, for example, gum arabic, rosin or shellac; than synthetic Resins are, for example, phenol resols, novolaks, amine resins or acrylate resins. As a wetting agent For example, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkyl and / or alkyl aryl sulfonates can be used.
Die Konzentration dieser Lösungen usw. kann bis etwa 20%, im Falle des Arbeitens mit synthetischen Harzen bis etwa 50% Feststoffgehalt betragen.The concentration of these solutions etc. can be up to about 20%, in the case of working with synthetic ones Resins are up to about 50% solids content.
Sie werden in einer Menge von mindestens etwa 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den Feststoffgehalt der gesamten Formmasse-Vormischung, zugesetzt.They are used in an amount of at least about 5% by weight based on the solids content of the whole Molding compound premix, added.
Es ist auch möglich, die vorstehend genannten Lösungen, Emulsionen oder Suspensionen von natürlichen Harzen oder deren wasserlöslichen Salzen, synthetischen Harzen und/oder Netzmitteln, in Wasser und/oder Emulsionen von Gleit- oder Haftmitteln, z. B. Silikonölen in die gemäß Arbeitsweise B) zu verwendenden organischen Harzlösungsmittel einzuarbeiten. It is also possible to use the aforementioned solutions, emulsions or suspensions of natural Resins or their water-soluble salts, synthetic resins and / or wetting agents, in water and / or emulsions of lubricants or adhesives, e.g. B. silicone oils to be used in accordance with procedure B) incorporate organic resin solvents.
Geeignete pulverförmige oder kurzfaserige Füll- und/oder Verstärkungsstoffe sind z.B. die in DIN 7708 bzw. DIN 16911 aufgeführten Stoffe.Suitable powdery or short-fiber fillers and / or reinforcing materials are, for example, the substances listed in DIN 7708 and DIN 16911.
Geeignete sonstige Zusätze sind Farbstoffe, Gleitmittel und solche Verbindungen, die die Haftung der Harzlösungen an den Füll- und/oder Verstärkungsstoffen verbessern, beispielsweise Silikone und Silandcrivate. Other suitable additives are dyes, lubricants and compounds that reduce the adhesion of the Improve resin solutions on the fillers and / or reinforcing materials, for example silicones and silane derivatives.
ίο Herstellung einer Phenol-Forniaidehydformmasse
entsprechend Typ 31; Arbeitsweise A)ίο Production of a phenol formamide molding compound
according to type 31; Working method A)
In einem Rührgefäß werden 1270 geiner ca. 80%igen methanolischen Lösung eines Novolaks, deraus Phenol und Formaldehyd durch saure Kondensation erhalten wurde und dessen Schmelzbereich zwischen 50 und 8O0C liegt, mit 142 g Hexamethylentetramin, 27 g Magnesiumoxyd, 27 g- Zinkstearat und 30 g eines in Methanol löslichen Farbstoffs bei 40 bis 50° C vermischt.In a stirred vessel 1270 Geiner about 80% methanolic solution of a novolak deraus phenol and formaldehyde was obtained by acid condensation, and a melting range between 50 and 8O 0 C, with 142 g of hexamethylenetetramine, 27 g of magnesium oxide, 27 g of zinc stearate and 30 g of a dye which is soluble in methanol are mixed at 40 to 50 ° C.
Diese Lösung bzw. fein verteilte Dispersion wird anschließend nach dem Erkalten in einem Mischkneter in ein Gemisch aus 970 g Holzmehl und 68 g Kreide eingearbeitet. Sobald die Mischung homogen und formbar geworden ist, wird sie durch Pressen durch die Lochscheibe einer Strangpresse vorgeformt (Durchmesser der Bohrungen 3 mm). Die aus der Lochscheibe austretenden Stränge zerfallen in ein Granulat mit einer Maximallänge von ca. 1 cm; sie werden getrocknet, bis der Flüchtegehalt an flüchtigen Stoffen ca. 3 % beträgt, bestimmt durch zweistündiges Trocknen bei 110° C, und in einer Messermühle zerkleinert.This solution or finely divided dispersion is then after cooling in a mixer kneader incorporated into a mixture of 970 g wood flour and 68 g chalk. Once the mixture is homogeneous and malleable has become, it is preformed by pressing through the perforated disk of an extrusion press (diameter of the holes 3 mm). The strands emerging from the perforated disc disintegrate into granules with a Maximum length of approx. 1 cm; they are dried until the volatile content of volatile substances is approx. 3%, determined by drying for two hours at 110 ° C, and crushed in a knife mill.
Herstellung einer Phenol-Formaldehydformmassc
entsprechend Typ 31; Arbeitsweise B)Production of a phenol-formaldehyde molding compound
according to type 31; Working method B)
In einem Mischkneter werden 710 g eines Novolaks, der aus Phenol und Formaldehyd durch saure Kondensation erhalten wurde und dessen Schmelzbereich zwischen 50 und 80° C liegt, mit 100 g Hexamethylentetramin, etwa 760 g Holzmehl, 50 g Kreide und 20 g eines in Methanol löslichen Farbstoffes kurz vermischt und nach Zugabe von 200 g Methanol bis zur vollständigen Homogenisierung geknetet. Sobald die Mischung formbar geworden ist, wird sie durch eine Lochscheibe mit 3-mm-Bohrungen einer Strangpresse gedruckt. Die aus der Lochscheibe austretenden Stränge zerfallen in ein Granulat mit einer Maximallänge von ca. 1 cm; sie werden getrocknet, bis der Flüchtegehalt ca. 3% beträgt und in einer Messermühle zerkleinert.In a mixing kneader, 710 g of a novolak, which is made from phenol and formaldehyde by acid condensation and whose melting range is between 50 and 80 ° C, with 100 g of hexamethylenetetramine, about 760 g of wood flour, 50 g of chalk and 20 g of a dye which is soluble in methanol are mixed briefly and after adding 200 g of methanol, kneaded until completely homogenized. Once the mix When it has become malleable, it is made using a perforated disk with 3 mm bores from an extrusion press printed. The strands emerging from the perforated disc disintegrate into granules with a maximum length of approx. 1 cm; they are dried until the volatile content is approx. 3% and crushed in a knife mill.
An gemäß DIN 7708, Blatt 2, aus den FormmassenAccording to DIN 7708, sheet 2, from the molding compounds
nach Beispiel 1 und 2 hergestellten und geprüften Probekörpern wurden beispielsweise folgende Werte gemessen:Specimens produced and tested according to Examples 1 and 2 have, for example, the following values measured:
Biegefestigkeit, kp/cnrOO
Flexural strength, kp / cnr
Somit ergeben die gemäß vorliegender Erfindung sprechen. Aus diesen Formmassen lassen sich einhergestellten vorgeformten Formmassen Prüflcörper wandfreie Formteile fertigen. bzw. Prüfwerte, die der Norm voll und ganz ent-Thus, they speak in accordance with the present invention. These molding compounds can be used to manufacture Preformed molding compounds, test specimens, manufacture wall-free molded parts. or test values that fully comply with the standard
Claims (6)
die Einarbeitung von Wasser unterbleibt, indem Das Verfahren ist für die Herstellung von Form-Dyes according to patent 1669 845, the resin io solution with 60 to 90% solids content mixed with the usual either in the form of a solution in a solution additives and the mixture obtained in this way medium or in powder form with the addition of a solvent with the filler and Reinforcing agents are processed in a mixing agent with the usual additives, kneaders until a completely homogeneous distribution is achieved, possibly also with formaldehyde-releasing. Then water is added, compounds such as hexamethylenetetramine, and its amount - based on the solids content of the fillers and / or reinforcing materials without total mixture - is at least 5%, and further significant heat input is intensively mixed, kneaded until the mixture has become malleable. after which so much water is incorporated until the heat is thereby, in contrast to the other beGemisch become malleable, according to which it is not supplied by known prior art the desired degree of flow of an extruder is preformed and brought through drying, characterized in that brought to the desired degree of flow,
the incorporation of water is not carried out by The process is suitable for the production of molds
liehen Phenol-Aldehyd- und Amin-Aldehyd-Harzen Die Hilfsstoffe, insbesondere die Gleitmittel, könnenPositioning preformed molding compounds from curable solvents, preferably aliphatic alcohols, water and / or organic solvents, with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or water,
borrowed phenol-aldehyde and amine-aldehyde resins The auxiliaries, especially the lubricants, can
unter Zugabe eines Lösungsmittels mit den sonst Bei der Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß vorüblichen Zusätzen, gegebenenfalls auch mit Form- liegender Erfindung werden also beim Arbeiten nachas well as filler and / or reinforcing material ^ and otherwise also in the form of emulsions, usual additives such as lubricants and dyes. If you work according to B) and water as written, the March is either used in the form of a resin solvent to take into account the amount of water used for the emulsion solution in a solvent or in powder form,
with the addition of a solvent with the otherwise customary additives, if necessary also with the form-lying invention when carrying out the process, so when working after
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEC0043006 | 1967-08-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1669855C3 true DE1669855C3 (en) | 1978-01-05 |
Family
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