DE1652043A1 - Self-working lapping device - Google Patents

Description

PATiNTANWXUI

DR.- ING. H. FINCKE MÖNCHEN β _{4 c}

DlPL-IW GH 3OHR MÜLLERSTR. 31 - 1 ^b D.Pi .-. Ne.s.sTAEe « ₁₆ 52043 Description M 6975

to the patent application

of Mr. Richard Steward G E Iff T R Y, Indianapolis, Indiana / 7th St. v.A.

concerning

Automatic lapping device

♦ «· ♦

PRIORITY: February 25, 1966 - V. St. v. A.

The invention relates to a device for the automatic implementation of lapping, scraping and metal surface treatments.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a improved machine tool on the general basis of a manchine according to U.S. Patent 3,161,992. According to this patent, a lapping tool with a limited elastic force, for example the force of a spring or a pneumatic cylinder, is biased forward and in a certain Hubbereioh by a cam back and forth, which for. Drive of the tool in a retraction direction acts against the preload and the nose of the controls the feed movement caused by the pre-tensioning force, so that the forward stroke dna tool is under a limited Force takes place, which is sufficient to carry out the desired lapping, but not to produce free spots. In the company, the tool becomes through the Werketüokwideretand locked at a midpoint of its VorwmrtshUbe. if

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• The lapping process continues, to overcome this resistance, and the Werkeeug advances over this locking point in a forward stroke, a sales movement actuates a switch to activate a feed motor, which advances the stroke range.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a device for performing such lapping processes, which is applicable to a wide range of lapping work, results in a high degree of accuracy and improved Control and regulation options.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reciprocating lapping handle is placed in a "head above a workpiece surface and is; Rigidly held by sliding pillars, which are guided through the plane of the Tieohee so that they can move exactly vertically and * en theirs lower ends are connected to a vertically movable plate. The plate is attached by a main pre-vent. raised and lowered, which can be implemented as a non-drifting screw, dls provided on an old internal thread The output gear of a B · du * tionagetriebe * held in engagement is, for example, a worm drive. Bee gear is to achieve a fast feed from an electric motor with an additional feed device of adjustable · « Hub, for example a pneumatically driven rack together with Hitsei, connected.

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1852043

The reciprocating lapping mechanism is controlled by a Variable-speed motor driven, and the lapping machine-2nd eye carrier is against the tool by a pneumatic cylinder biased. Both the size and the force of the lapping disk can be precisely adjusted over a wide range. the Additional feed device is operated by a single stroke of adjustable length depending on a movement of the lapping carrier that takes place via an intermediate point of the stroke area is actuated with each lapping stroke, and an adjustment is made ε-although for the position of this intermediate point as well as for the Length of the generated additional feed provided. Accordingly, a precise regulation and adjustment of all lapping parameters achieved.

The invention is detailed below with reference to the drawings explained. It shows:

Pig. 1 shows an implementation example of a device according to the invention in a view from the front and in a partially broken-away representation,

Pig. Figure 2 is a section along line 2-2 of Pig. 1, Pig. Figure 3 is a section along line 3-3 of Pig. 1, Pig. Figure 4 is a section along line 4-4 of Pig. 1,

5 shows a diagram of the device according to Pig. 1-4 related 109811/0348

Control device in block diagram representation.

The device shown in the drawings comprises a Base frame 10 housed in a housing and accommodating a work table 12 in a horizontal plane. Vertical guide bearings 14 at four corners of the table 12 slide on guide columns 16 which are connected at their lower ends by a plate 18 and are rigid take up a head 20 above the table 12. The head 20 can be opposite the table 12 through one in the frame 10 provided, to be described below feed mechanisms are raised and lowered.

The head 20 comprises a frame 20 which forms a central housing 24 for a sleeve 26 in which one is vertical reciprocating shaft or a lapping carrier 28 arranged int. Above the housing 24 is through the frame a pair of side plates 30 held, which are provided with bearings 32. In which a horizontally extending Camshaft 34 is mounted. The shaft 34 carries a central eccentric cam 36, which is of a bracket 38 old surrounded by a driver 40 resting against the crouch 36 downwards. The lower end of the bracket 38 is with the Lapping tool carrier 20 connected. The upper end of the bracket 38 rests against a piston rod 42 of an air cylinder 44 in order to achieve a downward stroke. According to FIG. 1, the bracket 38 has a lateral sower

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on, which has a received via a fixed guide pin 50 Pührungslager 48 to the bracket vertically movable as well as against the lateral thrust of the lookens 36 respectively.

The eccentric cam 36 can advantageously have a stroke or an eccentricity of approximately 5 mm, so that a reciprocating stroke range of the lapping tool carrier 28 of 10 mm is achieved. The shaft 34 carries a large belt pulley 52, which is driven by a smaller belt pulley 54 on (ier shaft of a variable-speed electric motor 56. The ossillation frequency of the carrier 28 is advantageously kept adjustable from 0-600 strokes per minute Compressed air is fed from a suitable source, which can be controlled by a manually adjustable valve 58. The pressure can be read in an advantageous manner on an air pressure gauge 60. The pressure exerted by the air cylinder 44 downwards on the bracket 58 and thus on the lapping tool carrier 28 The stroke can be changed in an advantageous manner in order to generate lapping pressures of 0 - Y8o kp VM .

The lower end of the Lappwerkeeugtriger 28 has its inside * Threaded bore into which a lip holder 62 is fitted through which a lapping awl 64 is rigidly connected to the lapping tool carrier 28,

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A workpiece 66 to be lapped or reamed is on Blocks 68 on the table T2 and by suitable clamps 70 held in place.

1-3, the lateral extension 46 of the bracket 38 carries a vertically adjustable screw 72 with a switch actuating head 74 at its lower end, which is located at an intermediate point in the downward, reciprocating stroke of the bracket 38 and its lapping tool carrier 28 t sweep a feed switch S-1 is applied. This is a feed actuation switch, the mode of operation of which is explained below. The frame of the head 20 also carries a limit switch S-5 alt an actuating arm, which can come to the stop with an adjustable rod 78 attached to the table 12. This is used to terminate the lapping process when the downward feed movement of the head is sufficient to determine that the lapping process has ended.

G ^ according to Fig. 1 and 2, the plate 18, which the lower Linden receives the head support columns 16, raised and lowered by a feed mechanism in the frame 10 v / earth. For this purpose, the plate 18 rests on a plate 80 which is carried by a pre-jack screw 82, the down through a reduction gear 64 with a (not shown) worm wheel that goes into the feed screw Si? engages and by a worm of a transverse shaft 86

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is driven. The plate 80 is fixed to the advance screw 82 'and is held in a rotationally fixed manner by a pair of bolts 88 which are screwed into the plate 18, however have sufficient length to allow retraction of the plate relative to the backlash plate 18, if the head does not follow the lowering action of the feed screw 82.

According to Fig. 1, the advance screw plate 80 has a Λ

Switch actuating cam 90 which, in the event of such a retraction with loss of motion, actuates a limit switch S-4 to provide a downward advance to interrupt. A limit switch S-3 is on the frame mounted in a specific position to be actuated by the plate so that an upward feed is interrupted at an appropriate limit point.

In the feed mechanism according to FIG. 2, the right end of the drive shaft 86 of the transmission 84 is connected by an electromagnetic brake 92 to a ferris wheel 94, which is driven by a reservable motor 96 by means of a belt. This enables an increase to be carried out by hand and lowering of the plate 18 and the head 20.

The opposite or left end of the drive shaft 86

iat via an electromagnetic clutch 102 with a

Pinion 104 connected, which engages in a rack 106.

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Pie racket can be 108 _% 'Fig. 1 * and 4) can be moved back and forth. The pneumatic cylinder 108 is connected to a suitable source of pressurized air via a solenoid valve 110 which is actuated by a solenoid 112. In the normal position of the solenoid valve 110 (Pig. 4), this lets air through to the cylinder 108 in order to bias its piston to the left and the rack, when viewed according to Pig. 1 and 4 in the left position. When the solenoid 112 is actuated, air is injected into the cylinder 108 to move the piston and rack 706 to the right against an adjustable stop 114.

When the rack 106 is in the left position, an actuator arm moves 116 on the rack a switch S-6 in a sin-switch position, with its main switch contacts S-6a open and timing contacts S-6b are closed. When the rack moves to the right against the stop 114, lies a switch actuator 118 versus a reverse switch S-3 on what has the effect that the solenoid is switched off and. the rack 106 by the pneumatic cylinder 108 after moved to the left.

There can be controls for the machine in the housing of the Gestella 10 straight Pig. 1, in particular manual switches 120, 122 for upward and downward movement , »In reset button 124, a manually operated one

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Be'trieb / Stop switch 126, a manual / automatic switch 128 for setting the device to manual or automatic operation and a timer 132 to interrupt operation if the lapping process does not proceed at an appropriate rate. A stroke control potentiometer 156 for changing the speed of the head motor 56 is also included in the control unit.

The electrical supply and control system can according to Fig. 5 be formed. The plate feed motor 96 is on a three-phase voltage 140 of 220 volts via a reversing switch 142 with "up" and "down" acting windings 143, 144. A transformer 146 supplies 110 volts to one Two-phase circuit with one line 152 in phase and a grounded line 150.

A control rectifier unit 154, which is connected to circuit 150-152, supplies power to the head motor 56, while potentiometer 156 controls engine speed. One Control circuit 158 for the unit / keeps the motor 56 on Closed position. This control circuit includes the manually operated operation / stop switch 126 and also contacts 128a of the manual / automatic mode switch 128 in FIG Row with the normally open contacts S-5a of the Grene-8ehalter8 3-5 together with a parallel timer holder 134.

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A converter 160 is connected in parallel to the circuit 150-152 and supplies DC voltage for the windings of the brake 92 as well as the Clutch 102.

The manual mode / automatic mode switch 128 contains the contacts' 128a, which close to the limit switch S-5a and Timer 134 effective for automatic operation to make, also contacts 12Sb, which the blocking relay R-3 bridge during manual operation, select contacts 128c for the brake circuit, select contacts 128d for the circuit of the coupling 102, selection contacts 128e for switching on the manual controls for the disk motor 96 and selection contacts 12Rf for starting the automatic controls.

The manually operated up switch 120 uafaSt normally closed contacts 120a in the brake circuit and normally open contacts 120b for energizing the up coil 143 of the contactor 142. The down switch 122 comprises normally closed contacts 122a in the brake circuit and normally open contacts 122b for operating the Down coil 144 of contactor 142. For manual operation, the brake 92 is normally energized when applied, but is released when either the "up ¹ *" or "down" button is pressed.

The automatic control arrangement includes an R-I Yorsobub relay

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with one winding and three normally open contacts, one feedback relay R-2 with one winding and one normally closed as well as a normally open contact and a blocking relay R-3 with one winding and two normally open contacts.

The lock relay R-3 is closed by the reset button switch 124 . When it closes, relay contact R-3a applies to line 125 which leads to the automatic controls for the downward feed and keeps the relay closed. The Rslaiskontakt R-3b is in series with the manual actuation "down" winding 144 of the plate motor contact clock generator 142. Thus, this relay must be closed for a downward advance of the head.

If the automatic operation of the Automatikvorschubsohalter S-1 is closed, this pressurizes the Wloklung of relay R-1, which is a relay holding contact R-1a, a Eontakt ä R-1b in the circuit of the clutch 102 and a contact R-1c in the circuit des Solsnoldes 112 closes. This causes the rack 106 to move to the right and drive the feed gear 84. At the end of the stroke of the rack, arm 118 actuates switch S-3, which opens contacts S-3a in the R-1 holding circuit to open the circuits of relay R-1, clutch 102 and solenoid 112 su . Ger switch S-3 also has contacts S-3b around the winding

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of relay R-2 to be energized. This opens contacts R-2a in series with the feed relay R-I to close it to prevent; furthermore, the holding contacts R-2 ″ b switch to to hold relay R-2 closed while rack 106 is retracting.

During the time in which the rack is removed from its very first retracted position, the contacts S-6a of the switch S-6 are closed to act on the relay R-2, while the contacts S-6b of the switch S-6 are open to reset the clock 132 to zero. When the rack 106 is returned to its RUckzugstellung, a reversal dee switch S-6, to bring the relay R-2 to fall and schllessen the clock circuit again.

Correspondingly, for each closure of the feed switch SI, the toothed rack 106 executes a stroke to the right and a return travel in order to advance the head downward by an additional distance , which is determined by the setting of the stop at the end of the toothed rack stroke .

The timer 132 is reset to 0 for each such closure of switch S-1. If the machine does not perform a feed within the time for which the clock is set , it closes the switch 134 and thus ends the operation of the head motor 56.

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The limit switch S-2 is in series with the "up" winding 443 of the plate motor contactor 142 and terminates an upward movement when opened. The limit switch S-4 has contacts in series with the "down" winding i44 of the plate motor contactor or with the solenoid 112, so that when the switch S-4 is opened, the downward advance of the advance screw 82 is also terminated, either by hand or by hand automatic operation takes place. The limit switch β-5 has contacts in the control circuit for the head motor 56 and in the circuit for the locking relay R-3 so that its actuation stops the head motor and opens the relay R-3 to turn off the automatic feed mechanism and that for one open the control circuit assigned to the downward feed under manual operation. Thus, a downward movement will continue under all circumstances .

Operating mode

The workpiece 66 with a to be lapped> zw. to be worn up The hollow space is brought to an approximate size by other metalworking processes and then attached to the table 12 Blocks 68 secured by suitable hold-down clamps 7C. One to lift the; , Cavity de * workpiece 66 suitable LäppäiT.e 64 is fastened in the lapping holder 62, and that Workpiece 6 $ is brought into axial alignment with the lapping awl 64. A lapping agent is supplied to the lapping awl in a manner known per se.

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'- 14 -

The pressure in the cylinder 44 is adjusted to apply a downward force on the bracket 38 and lapping tool holder 28 according to the size and type of the lapping awl, producing a sufficient downward lapping movement which, however, is not as great that the lapping awl is rammed into the cavity and causes seizure.

The position of the screw 72 is set so that the feed switch S-1 is actuated at a desired point in the lapping stroke range, so that the downward cutting stroke of the lapping awl is locked at a selected length of the stroke movement and the working stroke length is controlled in this way. For example, when working on a short cavity, when performing a short lapping, the pressure used will be lower and the stroke shorter than for a long lapping in a long cavity.

The adjustable stop rod 78 is brought to a suitable height in order to complete the lapping process when it is completed. The head 20 is raised or lowered from the edge by manual actuation of the feed motor cur setting the lapping reamer 64 into a favorable starting position.

The desired business advance is selected by adjusting the stop 114 for the pneumatically driven toothed rack 106 .

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The "motor" causing a back and forth movement for the lapping is switched on and set to a suitable level by the stroke control 156. After all these adjustments have been made, the device is switched from manual mode to automatic mode by means of switch 128.

Until the lapping awl starts to work, the lapping strokes are first full strokes, so that with each stroke the rotary feed switch S-1 is triggered by the stroke movement of the screw 72, which is controlled by the ^

Strap is worn, is closed . On each such closure , the pneumatic cylinder τ08 causing the additional feed is actuated by one stroke in order to push the head down an additional distance in the manner described. As the lap begins to operate, the workpiece resistance prevents the lap from completing its downward strokes until the lap has progressed. If the : ■ lapping is locked above the intermediate point for which the feed movement is set by the screw 72 , the reciprocating lapping movement continues without feed until the lapping awl has cut its path deeper into the cavity, so that it again ku de «intermediate point advances at which the pre-feed switch is placed. In this way an equilibrium is established during the working of the lapping awl, with which a corresponding advance. > and depending on the progress of the lip process '' takes place in the Werketückhohlraun.

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In this state of equilibrium, which occurs during dee Lapping process, all essential parameters are set according to the settings of the various adjustment elements regulated. The operating conditions of the lapping take place under precise and selectively variable control, whereby any desired combination of parameters within one wide variety can be achieved.

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Claims (12)

Claims U / Automatic lapping device with a base frame, a work table, a head attached above the work table, components for vertical upward and downward movement of the head relative to the table, a lapping tool holder provided in the head, components for attaching a lapping tool in the lapping tool shark J <ar , g components for the back and forth movement of the lapping tool holder together with the lapping tool during a downward feed and upward return strokes of a certain length in the head, a feed drive for raising and lowering the head and means for locking the downward feed movement of the lapping tool holder and Lapping tool when a certain amount of resistance exerted by the work piece occurs, characterized in that the head (20) is attached to several columns (i6) which are guided vertically in guides (U) of the work table (12), that de The feed drive mechanism (82, 84, 36, 104, 106) for raising and lowering the head (20) is arranged below the table (12) and cooperates with the lower ends of the columns (16) in order to raise and lower the head (20) raise and lower, and that components (102, 10R) are provided, including the feed drive (82, 84, 86,! 04, 106) at a certain point (position of SI and 74) of each downward feed stroke and the Head (20) opposite the table (12), among other things, a certain cheese 109811/0348 1S52043 Jf lower, which is less than the stroke length of the lapping tool holder (62). 2. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized in that components (adjustable stop 114) are provided to to change the extent of the subsidence by which the head (20) is lowered with each actuation of the feed drive (82, 84, 86, 104, 106). 3. Device according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the feed mechanism (82, 84, B6, 104, 106) comprises a feed screw (84) and a running element (96), one (96) of which is designed as a lifting element for lifting the columns (16) and the other (82) as a driven element is which is driven by the drive element. 4. Device according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the advance mechanism (82, 84 »86, 104, 106) to raise the coils (16) is connected via a lost motion one-way drive connection (80, 88) and that components responding to a lost motion of the connection (80, 88) are provided in order to operate the Vorechubantritbseechaniemue to break out. 5. Device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the feed drive mechanism (82, 84t ⁸ ^, 104, 106) has a reciprocating element (106), which is driven by the drive hub to drive the feed mechanism (82 , 84, 86, 104, 106) is driven 1st, and that 109811/0348 Components (adjustable stop 114) are provided to adjust the additional movement by which the feed mechanism (82, 84, 86, 104, 106) is driven during each such drive 3hubee. 6. Device according to one of claims 1-5 »marked by a pneumatic actuator (108) for driving the reciprocating member (106) through a drive stroke to drive the feed mechanism (82, 84, 86, 104, 106), " Components ^ * O) to operate the pneumatic actuator depending on the movement of the lapping tool carrier (82) past the specified point (position of S-1 and 74), wherein the element for adjusting the downward movement of the Head is designed as an adjustable stop (114). 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by a Pneumatic valve (HO), which according to iler movement the Läppwerkzeugträgers to the beeti "ata point (positive λ on of S-1 and 74) is actuated by to air" to provide the driving Pneumatikstellglledes during Ernest Antriebhubee, and sit the stop (114) adjustable construction .eleaente ( S-3) etui Reserve the Pneuaatikrentila (110) for a RUcJczughtifc of the PneuMtik actuator «* (10Θ). 8. Device according to one of claims 1-7; characterized in that the components ($ 4, - 40, 26, 36) are locked by the downward feed movement of the lapping tool carrier (62) and the lapping tool (64) when they occur ▼ on resistance in the «workpiece (66) a continued return 109811/0348 and reciprocating the lapping tool carrier (62) and the lapping. Tool * (64), bia the resistance is overcome by the lapping process, and that the lapping tool carrier and the lapping tool can complete the downward feed motion to the specified point, whereupon the feed mechanism (82, 84, 86, 104, 106) is actuated again to lower the head (20). 9. Device according to one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the lapping tool carrier (62) is biased downward by a resilient biasing element (44) which exerts a limited thrust on it, and that the lapping tool drive has an eccentric rotor (36) for positive upwards taking place pressing dee Läppwerkzeugträgers (62) against the thrust of the VorspannungseleBentee (44), but allows that is pressed the Läppwerkzeugträger (62) only under the downward force exerted by dea Vorapannungselement (44) and to STEU eration of the extent of the movement and the aaximal forward stroke is used. 10. The device according to claim 9 » characterized in that the resilient pre-tensioning element which acts on the lapping tool carrier (62) is a spring or a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder (44) together with a piston (42). 11. Device according to one of claims 9-10, characterized 109811/0348 draws that building elements for regulation ft®s on the part of the biasing element (44) on the lapping tool carrier (62) are provided. 12. Device according to one of claims 9-i1 »characterized in that components (156) are provided in order to change the speed of the eccentric rotor (36) and thus the speed and stroke frequency of the lapping tool carrier (62). Pure Mr. Richard Steward QEVTST: MIINTANWMII etc. t. H. MNCKE ₁ DIPt-JNG. H. P «* ™ 109811/0348