DE1646273C3 - Water-containing, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives - Google Patents

Water-containing, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives

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Publication number
DE1646273C3
DE1646273C3 DE1646273A DE1646273A DE1646273C3 DE 1646273 C3 DE1646273 C3 DE 1646273C3 DE 1646273 A DE1646273 A DE 1646273A DE 1646273 A DE1646273 A DE 1646273A DE 1646273 C3 DE1646273 C3 DE 1646273C3
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
weight
water
explosives
parts
ammonium nitrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1646273A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1646273A1 (en
DE1646273B2 (en
Inventor
Adolf Dr. 5090 Leverkusen Berthmann
Erich Dr. 5090 Leverkusen Ludolphy
Gerhard Dr. 5210 Troisdorf Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of DE1646273A1 publication Critical patent/DE1646273A1/en
Publication of DE1646273B2 publication Critical patent/DE1646273B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1646273C3 publication Critical patent/DE1646273C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
    • C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S149/00—Explosive and thermic compositions or charges
    • Y10S149/11—Particle size of a component
    • Y10S149/111—Nitrated organic compound
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S149/00—Explosive and thermic compositions or charges
    • Y10S149/11—Particle size of a component
    • Y10S149/112—Inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

5 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent Wasser,
30 bis 80 Gewichtsprozent Ammoniumnitrat, das bis zu 10 Gewichtsprozent durch Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitrate ersetzt sein kann,5 to 15 percent by weight water,
30 to 80 percent by weight of ammonium nitrate, which can be replaced by up to 10 percent by weight by alkali and / or alkaline earth nitrates,

2 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent eines brisanten2 to 15 percent by weight of an explosive

Sprengstoffs mit einer Detonations- *5 geschwindigkeit >5000 m/sek,Explosives with a detonation speed * 5 > 5000 m / sec,

2 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent tertiärer Amine oder oder deren Nitrate,2 to 10 percent by weight of tertiary amines or their nitrates,

5 bis 25 Gewichtsprozent Perchloraten des Ammoniums und/oder der Alkalimetalle, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von Quellmitteln und/oder Emulgatoren, welche 0,2 bis 1 Gewichtsprozent der Gesamtmischung ausmachen können.5 to 25 percent by weight of perchlorates of ammonium and / or alkali metals, optionally with the addition of swelling agents and / or emulsifiers, which are 0.2 to 1 percent by weight of the overall mix.

3030th

Gegenstand der Erfindung sind wasserhaltige, salpetersäureesterfreie Ammoniumnitratsprengstoffe einer speziellen Zusammensetzung.The invention relates to water-containing, nitric acid ester-free Ammonium nitrate explosives of a special composition.

Wasserhaltige, salpetersäureesterfreie Ammoniumnitratsprengstoffe auf der Basis von Wasser, Ammoniumnitrat und Trinitrotoluol sind bekannt. Sprengstoffe auf dieser Basis quasiflüssiger Konsistenz werden im allgemeinen als Slurries bezeichnet. Diese Slurries besitzen jedoch den Nachteil geringer Sensibilität. Sie können nur mit verhältnismäßig großen Zündladungen zur Detonation gebracht werden.Water-containing, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives based on water, ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene are known. Explosives based on this quasi-liquid consistency are commonly referred to as slurries. However, these slurries have the disadvantage of low sensitivity. They can only be detonated with relatively large charges.

Es wurde nun ein Slurrytyp gefunden, der diesen Nachteil nicht besitzt, wobei die Sprengstoffe durch die folgende Zusammensetzung ausgezeichnet sind:A type of slurry has now been found which does not have this disadvantage, the explosives through the following composition are excellent:

5 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent Wasser,
30 bis 80 Gewichtsprozent Ammoniumnitrat, das bis zu 10 Gewichtsprozent durch Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitrate ersetzt sein kann,5 to 15 percent by weight water,
30 to 80 percent by weight of ammonium nitrate, which can be replaced by up to 10 percent by weight by alkali and / or alkaline earth nitrates,

2 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent eines brisanten Sprengstoffs mit einer Detonationsgeschwindigkeit > 5000 m/sek,2 to 15 percent by weight of a high explosive with a detonation rate > 5000 m / sec,

2 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent tertiäre Amine oder 5S deren Nitrate,2 to 10 percent by weight of tertiary amines or 5S their nitrates,

5 bis 25 Gewichtsprozent Perchlorate des Ammoniums und/oder der Alkalimetalle, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von Quellmitteln und/oder Emulgatoren, welche 0,2 bis 1 Gewichtsprozent der Gesamtmischung ausmachen können.5 to 25 percent by weight of ammonium and / or alkali metal perchlorates, if appropriate with the addition of swelling agents and / or emulsifiers, which are 0.2 to 1 percent by weight of the total mixture can make out.

Als brisante Sprengstoffe mit einer Detonationsgeschwindigkeit > 5000 m/sek, die jedoch keine SaI- petersäureester sein dürfen, wegen der leichten Hydrolysierbarkeit dieser, haben sich als geeignet erwiesen:As explosive explosives with a detonation speed> 5000 m / sec, which, however, must not be nitric acid esters because of the easy hydrolyzability these have proven to be suitable:

Aromatische Nitrokörper, wieAromatic nitro bodies, like

6060

Trinitrotoluol,Trinitrotoluene,

Trinitroanisol,Trinitroanisole,

Trinitrobenzol,Trinitrobenzene,

Trinitrokresol,Trinitrocresol,

Trinitrophenetol,Trinitrophenetol,

Trinitronaphthalin,Trinitronaphthalene,

Trinitromethylanilin,Trinitromethylaniline,

Pikrinsäure,Picric acid,

Trinitroresorcin,Trinitroresorcinol,

Trinitrophloroglucin,Trinitrophloroglucine,

Hexanitrodiphenyl,Hexanitrodiphenyl,

Hexanitrodiphenylamin,Hexanitrodiphenylamine,

Hexanitrodiphenyloxyd,Hexanitrodiphenyl oxide,

Hexanitrodiphenylsulfid,Hexanitrodiphenyl sulfide,

Hexanitrodiphenylsulfon,Hexanitrodiphenyl sulfone,

Hexanitrodiphenylsulfoxyd,Hexanitrodiphenyl sulfoxide,

Hexanitroazobenzol undHexanitroazobenzene and

Tetranitromethylanilin (Tetryl);Tetranitromethylaniline (tetryl);

ao Nitramine, wieao nitramines, like

Äthylendinitramin,Ethylenedinitramine,

Hexogen (Cyclotrimethylentrinitramin), Oktogen undHexogen (cyclotrimethylene trinitramine), octogen and

Tetranitromethylanilin (Tetryl), und dieTetranitromethylaniline (tetryl), and the

Nitrosamine, wie
Cyclotrimethylentrinitrosamin.Nitrosamines, like
Cyclotrimethylene trinitrosamine.

Als tertiäre Amine sind beispielsweise geeignet:Examples of suitable tertiary amines are:

Trimethylamin,Trimethylamine,

Triäthylamin,Triethylamine,

Triäthanolamin,Triethanolamine,

N-n-Butyldiäthanolamin,N-n-butyl diethanolamine,

N-Methyl-diäthanolamin,N-methyl-diethanolamine,

Di-(2-hydroxypropyl)-äthanolamin, Di-(2-hydroxybutyl)-äthanoIamin, Triisopropanolamin,Di- (2-hydroxypropyl) -ethanolamine, di- (2-hydroxybutyl) -ethanolamine, Triisopropanolamine,

N-Methylmorpholin,N-methylmorpholine,

N-Methylpyridin,N-methylpyridine,

N-Methylpiperidin,N-methylpiperidine,

N-Methylpyrrolin,N-methylpyrroline,

N-Methylpyrrolidin,N-methylpyrrolidine,

N-/3-Hydroxy-äthylmorpholin, 1,2-Dimorpholy läthan.N- / 3-hydroxyethylmorpholine, 1,2-dimorpholyethane.

Die tertiären Amine können auch in Form ihrer Nitrate als Bestandteil der erfindungsgemäßen Sprengstoffe verwendet werden.The tertiary amines can also be used in the form of their nitrates as a constituent of the explosives according to the invention be used.

Die Nitrate des Ammoniums der Alkali- sowie Erdalkalimetalle, die Perchlorate des Ammoniums und der Alkalimetalle und die brisanten Sprengstoffe werden in einer Korngröße verwendet, die in der Sprengstoffindustrie üblich ist.The nitrates of ammonium of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, the perchlorates of ammonium and the alkali metals and the explosive explosives are used in a grain size that is common in the explosives industry.

Als Quellmittel zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Sprengstoffe können beispielsweise Guarmehl, Agar-Agar, wasserlösliche Celluloseäther (Tylosetypen), wasserlösliche Polymerisate auf der Basis von Vinylalkohol, 1,2-Vinylendiol, methyloliertem Acrylamid u. ä. verwendet werden.As swelling agents for the production of the explosives according to the invention, for example guar flour, Agar-agar, water-soluble cellulose ethers (Tylose types), water-soluble polymers based on Vinyl alcohol, 1,2-vinylenediol, methylolated acrylamide and the like can be used.

Als Emulgatoren können die in der Sprengstoffindustrie ionogenen und ntchtionogenen Emulgatoren in der angegebenen Menge verwendet werden. The emulsifiers used in the explosives industry are ionic and non-ionogenic emulsifiers in the specified amount .

Die erfindungsgemäßen wasserhaltigen, salpetersäureesterfreien Ammoniumnitratsprengstoffe zeichnen sich, wie bereits früher angegeben, durch eine größere Sensibilität aus. Die Sensibilität der neuen Slurries ist so groß, daß diese sogar durch eine Kupfer-Sprengkapsel Nr. 9 gezündet werden können.The aqueous, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives according to the invention are distinguished As stated earlier, they are characterized by greater sensitivity. The sensitivity of the new slurries is so big that it can even be detonated with a 9 copper detonator.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Slurnes besteht darin, daß diese bei höherer Leistung erheblich dünnflüssiger sind als die entsprechenden Wasser-Ammoniunuytrat-TNT-Typen. Another advantage of the slurnes according to the invention is that they are considerably more powerful are thinner than the corresponding water-ammonium-nitrate-TNT types.

Die nachstehenden Beispiele sollen die erfindungsgemäßen Sprengstoffe illustrieren:The examples below are intended to illustrate the invention Illustrating explosives:

Beispiel laExample la

(erfindungsgemäßer Sprengstoff) Zusammensetzung(explosives according to the invention) composition

13,29 Gewichtsteile Wasser. 0,076 Gewichtsteile äthoxyiiertes p-Nonylphenol (mit durchschnittlich neun Oxyäthylresten), 0,55 Gewichtsteile Natriumnitrat (Korngröße13.29 parts by weight of water. 0.076 part by weight of ethoxyated p-nonylphenol (with an average of nine oxyethyl residues), 0.55 parts by weight of sodium nitrate (grain size

<0,2 mm),<0.2 mm),

4,14 Gewichtsteile Calciumnitrat · 4H1O, 10,66 Gewichtsteile Trinitrotoluol (Korngröße4.14 parts by weight calcium nitrate 4H 1 O, 10.66 parts by weight trinitrotoluene (grain size

<0,2 mm),<0.2 mm),

ίο 14,43 Gewichtsteile Ammoniumnitrat (Korngrößeίο 14.43 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate (grain size

<0,2 mm).<0.2 mm).

0,36 Gewichtsteile eines wasserlöslichen Celluloseätbers, der im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Tylose MH 50 erhältlichist,
13,29 Gewichtsteile Wasser,0.36 parts by weight of a water-soluble cellulose etter, which is commercially available under the name Tylose MH 50,
13.29 parts by weight of water,

0,076 Gewichtsteile äthoxyliertes p-Nonylphenol (mit durchschnittlich neun Oxyäthylresten), ao0.076 part by weight of ethoxylated p-nonylphenol (with an average of nine oxyethyl residues), ao

0,076 Gewichtsteile Rizinusöl,0.076 parts by weight castor oil,

0,55 Gewichtsteile Natriumnitrat (Korngröße <0,2 mm),0.55 parts by weight of sodium nitrate (grain size <0.2 mm),

4,14 Gewichtsteile Calciumnitrat · 4H8O, 10,66 Gewichtsteile Trinitrotoluol (Korngröße as4.14 parts by weight calcium nitrate 4H 8 O, 10.66 parts by weight trinitrotoluene (grain size as

<0,2 mm),<0.2 mm),

14,43 Gewichtsteile Ammoniumnitrat (Korngröße <0,2 mm),14.43 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate (grain size <0.2 mm),

5,07 Gewichtsteile Triisopropanolamin (Molverhältnis 1:1). 18,34 Gewichtsteile Natriumperchlorat (Molverhältnis 1:1).5.07 parts by weight of triisopropanolamine (molar ratio 1: 1). 18.34 parts by weight of sodium perchlorate (molar ratio 1: 1).

Sprengstofftechnische EigenschaftenExplosives properties

Sauerstoffbilanz des Sprengstoffs —1,4%Oxygen balance of the explosives -1.4%

Konsistenz des Sprengstoffs flüssigConsistency of the explosive liquid

Bleiblockausbauchung (nach
T r a u ζ 1) 279 ecmLead block bulge (after
T rau ζ 1) 279 ecm

Beispiel IbExample Ib

(Vergleichsbeispiel zu 1 a)(Comparative example to 1 a)

Zusammensetzungcomposition

0,36 Gewichtsteile eines wasserlöslichen Celluloseäthers, der im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Tylose MH 50 erhältlich ist,0.36 parts by weight of a water-soluble cellulose ether, which is commercially available under the Designation Tylose MH 50 is available,

3535

45 Sprengstofftechnische Eigenschaften45 Properties relating to explosives

Konsistenz des Sprengstoffs flüssigConsistency of the explosive liquid

Bleiblockausbauchung (nach T r a u ζ 1) 30 ecmLead block bulge (according to T r a u ζ 1) 30 ecm

Beispiel 2 ZusammensetzungExample 2 Composition

0,39 Gewichtsteile eines wasserlöslichen Celluloseäthers, der im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Tylose MH 50 erhältlich ist,0.39 parts by weight of a water-soluble cellulose ether, which is commercially available under the Designation Tylose MH 50 is available,

7,82 Gewichtsteile Wasser,7.82 parts by weight of water,

0,078 Gewichtsteile äthoxyiiertes p-Nonylphenol (mit durchschnittlich neun Oxyäthylresten),0.078 parts by weight of ethoxyated p-nonylphenol (with an average of nine Oxyethyl residues),

0,078 Gewichtsteile Rizinusöl, 5,39 Gewichtsteile Triisopropanolamin, 19,50 Gewichtsteile Natriumperchlorat,0.078 parts by weight castor oil, 5.39 parts by weight triisopropanolamine, 19.50 parts by weight of sodium perchlorate,

0,59 Gewichtsteile Natriumnitrat (Korngröße <0,2 mm),0.59 parts by weight of sodium nitrate (grain size <0.2 mm),

4,4 Gewichtsteile Calciumnitrat · 4H,O, 11,34 Gewichtsteile Trinitrotoluol (Korngröße4.4 parts by weight calcium nitrate 4H, O, 11.34 parts by weight of trinitrotoluene (grain size

<0,2 mm),<0.2 mm),

50,42 Gewichtsteile Ammoniumnitrat (Korngröße <0,2 mm).50.42 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate (grain size <0.2 mm).

Sprengstofftechnische EigenschaftenExplosives properties

Sauerstoffbilanz des Sprengstoffs —1.4%Oxygen balance of the explosive -1.4%

Konsistenz des Sprengstoffs dickflüssigConsistency of the explosive viscous

Bleiblockausbauchung (nach Trauzl) 415ecmLead block bulge (according to Trauzl) 415 cm

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Wasserhaltige, salpetersäureesterfreie Ammoniumnitratsprengstoffe mit einem Gehalt an Per- chloraten und brisanten Sprengstoffen, sowie gegebenenfalls Quillmitteln und Emulgatoren, bestehend ausHydrous, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives with a content of per- chlorates and explosives, as well as possibly swelling agents and emulsifiers, consisting of
DE1646273A 1967-02-01 1967-02-01 Water-containing, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives Expired DE1646273C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0052156 1967-02-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1646273A1 DE1646273A1 (en) 1970-11-26
DE1646273B2 DE1646273B2 (en) 1974-11-21
DE1646273C3 true DE1646273C3 (en) 1975-07-10

Family

ID=7053949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1646273A Expired DE1646273C3 (en) 1967-02-01 1967-02-01 Water-containing, nitric acid ester-free ammonium nitrate explosives

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3459608A (en)
BE (1) BE710175A (en)
DE (1) DE1646273C3 (en)
FR (1) FR1556471A (en)
NL (1) NL6801421A (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1362878A (en) * 1970-12-02 1974-08-07 Mitsubishi Oil Co Gelled hydrocarbon fuels and their preparation
US3765964A (en) * 1972-10-06 1973-10-16 Ici America Inc Water-in-oil emulsion type explosive compositions having strontium-ion detonation catalysts
US4426238A (en) 1979-09-14 1984-01-17 Ireco Chemicals Blasting composition containing particulate oxidizer salts
US4528049A (en) * 1984-07-09 1985-07-09 Udy Lex L Seismic explosive composition
US4844756A (en) * 1985-12-06 1989-07-04 The Lubrizol Corporation Water-in-oil emulsions
US4708753A (en) * 1985-12-06 1987-11-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Water-in-oil emulsions
US4828633A (en) * 1987-12-23 1989-05-09 The Lubrizol Corporation Salt compositions for explosives
US4840687A (en) * 1986-11-14 1989-06-20 The Lubrizol Corporation Explosive compositions
US5047175A (en) * 1987-12-23 1991-09-10 The Lubrizol Corporation Salt composition and explosives using same
US5527491A (en) * 1986-11-14 1996-06-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Emulsifiers and explosive emulsions containing same
US4863534A (en) * 1987-12-23 1989-09-05 The Lubrizol Corporation Explosive compositions using a combination of emulsifying salts
US5129972A (en) * 1987-12-23 1992-07-14 The Lubrizol Corporation Emulsifiers and explosive emulsions containing same
US6214140B1 (en) * 1999-09-22 2001-04-10 Universal Tech Corporation Development of new high energy blasting products using demilitarized ammonium picrate

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1195213B (en) * 1963-06-12 1965-06-16 Dynamit Nobel Ag Ignition charge for explosives unwilling to end

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1646273A1 (en) 1970-11-26
DE1646273B2 (en) 1974-11-21
US3459608A (en) 1969-08-05
FR1556471A (en) 1969-02-07
NL6801421A (en) 1968-08-02
BE710175A (en) 1968-05-30

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