DE1621793A1 - Dry lubricant and method of applying the same to a surface of an object - Google Patents

Description

Dry β lubricants and methods for

Applying the same to a surface of a *

Object ™

The invention relates to a dry lubricant, a method of applying the same to a surface of an object and a coated object obtained in this way. ■

When previously dry lubricants, powders, waxes and liquid lubricants are applied to a surface, instead of adhering firmly to the surface, the particles and liquid are in most cases largely removed after the first wipe.

A purpose of the invention is to connect a To create a covering and a method for applying the covering, which allow control of how and where the lubricant is present and how much lubricant is to be applied to the surface at a specific point in time.

Another sweck of the invention is' a compound

BAD ORIGiNAi

create a covering and a drive to apply, which results in a lubricant coating that leads to lubrication that wears out like the base material.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide one with a Covered object with outstanding lubricating properties to accomplish.

. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a device to create a storage area su create that meets special requirements. . -,

According to the invention, negatively charged particles are lubricated with properties electrophoretically on a base in essentially simultaneously with the electrolytic precipitate of a metal, e.g. copper, gold, silver or nickel, is deposited. ! This joint precipitation is carried out by periodically the polarity of the object or the surface to be coated is changed, assuming that the object is first used as a cathode, the metal first is knocked down, and then after the repentance of the Polarity so that the object serves as an anode, the negative charged Sehmierpartikel, are knocked down and this ¥ o2? Garjg Continued over periodic iirakings until a Layer of desired pick is obtained.

Particles are considered to be a thin layer of separated particles nieäergesehlage & sr z * B »a ^ a diameter of 0.05 to 0.5 Microns (although ^ q microns are effective), and the metal is -as

SAD ORIGINAL

IHS8ie / UO4

a continuous thin layer over the particles and to the 'Üeil down around the particles, so that the final ■ The result of a voluminous precipitate is an essentially homogeneous dispersion of particles in metal.

In order to avoid that one precipitate is removed before the next one, the direct application or precipitation is carried out at a higher current density and for a longer time than the reverse application. The direct application may, for example, at a current density of 10 A per dm 9 ₁ 29 takes place to 80 ^ lower power density prior to go "during the reverse order at a. 5 Likewise, the control time can be 5 to 30 seconds for the direct deposition on the cathode, while for the moderschlag "if the polarity is reversed, only 1 to 5 seconds are used"

The current source can of course be a direct current source, e.g. a battery or a rectifier, which is provided with appropriate accessories, reversing switches and resistors. which is regulated by a timer to reverse & @ n current at certain times and change its value in accordance with the requirements of the object to be coated and the coating bath, taking care of that. ' that, as mentioned above, the direct application or "precipitation takes place at a current density and a time ₉ that a substantial removal of a precipitation day is prevented before the next precipitation is carried out. The electrical potential does not need to be above the value at which the electrolysis

1098 28/140 4 bath original

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of the water takes place, lie, but is preferably below this value, * Corresponding devices and electrical control systems are known, for example, the electrical controls for "Electroplating Engineering Handbook ⁸¹ ₈ Reinhold Publishing Co ..-, 1955, pages 578-580"

The abrasive particles can be made of any material with lubricant properties exist. You most of these materials in aqueous dispersions usually have a negative charge or can be given a negative message. Suitable "Materials are Holybdän-Disulphid» Copper Oxide, Oxyd®, Sulphide and different compounds of metals and also. Plastics and resins, whose properties are known. Particularly satisfactory Srgöbiiiss © are with Partikölß the Iluorkohlenetoff « been received »Di@i Brilleseli.lleßön a PolytetraljehlOKtrifImoräthylen, Polyvinylidene fluoride,

^ Poly-1 «1 ₉ 1« -Srifluorpropylraethyldichlorsilan _s lliaorailikon-llastöiaere »Polyfluöranilin und Kopoly ™ merisate des; fetrafXuoräthylen iind Srifluornitroseiaethasi. The precautionary tliio5 * k © lil © nst off © are those that are completely fluorinated s'iM j 'vmM. Of these , from the point of view of the nisctigm Ifeibungakoefficient in Polytötrafluoräthyleia dör best » ■ J ^ 9ßpBYWii. ^ $ jiiX \ Xkt _/ jm ^^ '''i ^ 2eieh © n! Ceflon ale negatively charged'l &rtiksl;":"in. ^: © in ©. £ ^ ^ sas-igeft iosung commercially © rMltlich.

SAD

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Me lubricating compounds can be applied to any surface, a, B ₀ made of ceramic and metal.

The treated areas can be used as bearings, including clock bearings, electrical contacts, hard facing die surfaces and for dry Lubrication of housings used for military and aerospace purposes · ■ '.- / ■ -

The treated parts show a low friction and a prolonged one Wear and tear.

The deposits result in low electrical contacts electrical resistance constant insertion * and surplus force θ and the contacts show an increased 'pain time.

The coverings can have any thickness »but is has in general the combined layer has a seed thickness of about 0.00025 cm for satisfactory results Lubricant -

The example described below provides a method for Implementation of the invention in detail ", of course Changes to the procedure and materials are made can. -

The base or pad used were polished Hessing plates (10 cm 6.3 ice) with a surface rop. 62 om «steel plates even after a thickness of 0.0005 Qffi j» i & $ r. initial lupf he “plate grazes”? . .

The pad oolite gate d * r Beisanä ^ ung free clay

.: ■■ '. "■■■ '.' 1-Y ,: ..: Γ ^:.

BATH ORIGINAL

from Seimuts ί from fat and oxides to be · -, Ein® water-breaking, free Pläefe® is a good indication of ffe? adequate cleaning. That The following procedure was used to clean the brass plates -

(a) Degrease in Perchlorethylene-DaEipf for two minutes »below ültraacnaXX cleaning in! Perehloräihylen for 5 minutes.

(b) Er & nkreiniguäg 5 Molten at room temperature in a solution run STairium carbonate (0.18! per 3 _S 785 I) ₉ Hatriurasyanid (0.015 1 per 3.735 1) and preferably a »Present of a load

before a «rinse with cold running

takes place <i

(c) Elelctroreiaiguag in a solution of Hatrlumkarfconat (0 »09 1 per 3» 785 1) _f .Srisatriuspaospfeat (0.06 1 per 3 _f 785 1) »Hatriumsyanid (0.03.1 per 3 & 78S 1> and latriua & ydroaEyd (0.015 1 per 3.785 1} at 71 ⁰ O £ öe 40 S "kmden directly and. 5 seconds in ...." reversed egg @ l% tmsg at S ¥, followed by two rinses with cold running @ & de & water for 30 seconds during the R @ eh @ n »the al® plate _{MIt 6} lively up and down and in a swirling assignment τοη hand was moved to great

(d) Hiiuti.'ial, 1.sl9rte © Bad In 5 zeiger H ^ SO.o-IiHeung with eddy-

am ¥ # rkstüdks τοη HaMd for TQ seconds, which is followed by lauies.fi:3 rinses Ύ®η 30 statements each.

(e) Smoothing in ®insx ^! Symiid-EupferlÖBimg the following combination »

! 's

eetarmg at 15 to 20 IS? and 52 ° 0 for «one minute * where the Bewegtt & gideg Wes & sttlekegg τοη Haad is maintained »

^; "';■;" ·, ^ß AD ORIGINAL ·

• Copper cyanide 0.105 1 per 3 »785 1

Sodium cyanide 0.1375 1 per 3.785 1

Sodium Carbonate ", O ₉ 12 1, per 3 x 785 1

Roehelleeala 0.18 X per 3.785 1

Porridge NaOIi 0.00224 to 0.0296 1

per 3 »785 1

This was followed by two rinses and a neutralized bath in 5 _{% E 2} SG. Solution, followed by further rinsing in®. jjsiB workpiece (EupfsrpXatts) leurde .tasi au deia Piattiertank transferred. \

The bath for the electrophoretisehes. vesA suggestion would be in the following ¥ @ its ©

2! U distilled® or d © ioai-si © rtem Waeeer wus & ^ & ß ₉ HX SuSO., .5H ₂ O Tifed Ö ₉ 2O7 1 HpSO ₄ (G * P.) Given »eo that T _S 57.1 SSsimg ■ are obtained . This". wcsÄe nlt e & t3. "/ iörteffl 3Kähl« iidto £ f at.-5g per month for 10 .hours bsi ®aiimtasip ^ 3iatti3i believed »whereupon '■ the solution was filtered -mad äa§ Mitrat βα a r®%. Ifesses? Glass tank with a separate iron 7 _S 57 1 was carried over, the glass tank having heating elements and the temperature of the Bados s ^ isch®a "3Ö and 54 ° ö being kept before» Sine

v / ässrige! Deflon «Suspensioa 3170 (0 _λ 5. & βν« ι- $ »n ^ gatxT" gölaclene colloidal ■ particles of PoX ^ eta? a £ l% ox ^ tJbylea _v la water dis-: pergated and with lemon sauce on ice * £ & pH * ¥ ^ t · from 4.-eXe & trametrlacii aaasee & aest) wuraö directly to the Bl «j £ ts * cjlyt at 5 ecm per liter under construction sugefilsrt, .um ö a uniform dis» Bloliersttetelleii * 3) aö Bed bafc vo ^ uuad after the Tefloneioen Baams-drad vonT IQ ⁰ Be ia »d ®iae« pe ^ iilaeliB conductive-

without the addition of SS OOO S / cm and with the addition of 94,000 S / cm *

The brass plate was attached to a cathode and rod stirrer attached, which reciprocates in the bath at a rate of 28 strokes per minute.

A direct current of 10 to 40 A per 9.29 dm was used during the fed for the first two minutes.

In the direct application, the anode consists of copper plates.

The energy source was then connected to a periodic reversal system connected with the following cycles:

Direct cycle .16 see.

Reverse cycle ■, 3 see «

The current density of the reverse cycle was reduced to 50 $> the current density in the forward or direct cycle by means of a

Hheostats set, the one in series with the reverse Cycle is switched «

The * method is for both arithmetic and i-drum «- plating suitable. . ■

The process can also be carried out with other fluorocarbon polymers iflit little or no change in the terms of the bblgen example. The procedure can also be carried out with other shell particles carried out by minor changes be used in electrolytic and electrophoretic HiederecMag tibltch are * -

100828/1404

Claims (1)

. Claims • ^l 1. object, characterized by a surface which is coated with a compound consisting essentially of discrete, particles of a solid lubricant which is dispersed in a metal. . 2 »Object according to claim 1, characterized in that the separated particles of the solid lubricant from a fluorine «· made of carbon polymer » 3. The article of claim 2, characterized in that the Fluorocarbon polymer is completely fluorinated * 4 «Object according to claim 3», characterized in that the Fluorocarbon polymer that is! Tetrafluorethylene. * The article of claim 1 characterized in that the separated particles have a diameter between O ₅ O ^ and 0.5 microns and are uniformly dispersed in the metal. . 6ο object according to claim 5, characterized in that the separate particles are negatively charged and have colloidal dimensions that are uniform in uniform layers is dispersed from copper. . . ■ »< 7 «A method for producing an object with a> dry lubricant coating, characterized in that a metal and particles of a. / solid lubricant are deposited electrolytically and electrophoretically,; , . 109828 / U04 1821793 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the electrolytic and electrophoretic deposits on the surface of the object can be carried out in a single bath, containing positively charged metal ions and negatively charged lubricant particles by applying an electric current through the Bath flows and the polarity is periodically reversed. 9. A process for preparing, an article with a dry lubricant coating, characterized in that the article is immersed in an electrolyte which provides a solution of a metal, the positive metal ions and negatively charged particles of a solid lubricant containing _s that the object as an anode it is used that an electric current flows through the electrolyte to deposit the metal on the cathode and that the polarity is reversed so that the object becomes the anode and that the negatively charged particles on the object are deposited with the metal » tO. The method of claim 9 _t characterized in that the current density for the electrophoretic precipitation 5 at 80 fi less than the current density for the electrolyte regard precipitate ^ '- * un <l- that the time of the electrophoretic precipitate substantially less than the time for the electrolytic NiQderechl & g is. · '■ ..'';' - ■ "'-V: ■ ■ ■ .-" ■.: ■' ■ 11. The method according to claim 10 »characterized in that the time df ι elektropäoretiaeken Hi * <l ^ i3CiaÄge9 1 to 5 esc and the tent for the © lactrolytic Niadersohlag 2 to 30 seconds. ■ - '■■ *' - "■ ■■ ^ k ^■■■:; --Ι '- ■ ". / \'/;·;. - ■ '-. ■■" BAD ORIGINAL 12. The method according to claim 10 $ characterized in that the solid lubricant particles are substantially colloidal in size dispersed in the electrolyte. 13. The method according to claim11, characterized * that the particles of the solid lubricant essentially consist of a fluorocarbon polymer * 14 * Method according to claim 13 »characterized in that the fluorocarbon polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene. 15. Dry lubricant, characterized in that as consists essentially of particles of tetrafluoroethylene, the is dispersed in a metal from the group consisting of copper, gold, Contains silver and rickel. 16. Lubricant according to claim 15 »characterized in that the particles of tetrafluoroethylene are 0.05 to 0.5 microns in diameter and uniformly dispersed throughout the metal are. 17 * Dry lubricant, characterized in that it is in essentially contains a mixture of electrolytically plated metal that contains electrophoretically deposited solid lubricant, medium particle contains » 13 Covering for electrolytic and electrophoretic precipitation, characterized in that it is essentially a solution with metal ions and negatively charged particles dispersing therein of a fluorocarbon polymer contains * ■ * 109828/1404 19 c coating: aacJi claim 18, characterized gekennEeIc33iiet _f FJjaorkolilenstoff that the polymer Pbljtetrafluoräthylen 109828/1404