DE1616030B2

DE1616030B2 - SYNTHETIC TEST CIRCUIT TO TEST THE DISCONNECTING CAPACITY OF HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHES

Info

Publication number: DE1616030B2
Application number: DE19671616030
Authority: DE
Inventors: Eckhard Dr.-Ing.; Ruhnau Wolfgang; Fieber Norbert; 1000 Berlin Pflaum
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Priority date: 1967-02-17
Filing date: 1967-02-17
Publication date: 1972-07-27
Also published as: DE1616030A1

Description

Widerstand 8 und die Reihenschaltung aus einem durchgang des Hochstromes an den beiden Schal-Kondensator 9 und einem ohmschen Widerstand 7. tern 1 und 2 die wiederkehrende Spannung des Hoch-Der Generator 6 bildet mit dem Transformator 3 die Stromkreises auf. Sie teilt sich auf die beiden Schal-Hochstromquelle, die den geforderten Ausschalt- ter 1 und 2 im Verhältnis der Kapazität des Kondenstrom für den zu prüfenden Schalter 1 mit einer ge- 5 sators 13 zur Eigenkapazität des Schalters 1 auf. Man genüber der Nennspannung des Schalters geringeren wird die Kapazität des Kondensators 13 wesentlich Spannung liefert. größer, z. B. hundertmal größer machen als dieResistor 8 and the series connection from a passage of the high current to the two switching capacitors 9 and an ohmic resistor 7. tern 1 and 2 the recurring voltage of the high-der Generator 6 forms the circuit with transformer 3. It is divided between the two high-current sources, the required switch 1 and 2 in the ratio of the capacity of the condensation current for the switch 1 to be tested with a generator 13 for the self-capacitance of the switch 1. Man The capacitance of the capacitor 13 is considerably lower than the nominal voltage of the switch Voltage supplies. larger, e.g. B. make it a hundred times larger than that

Der Hochspannungskreis besteht aus dem gelade- Eigenkapazität des Schalters 1, so daß die wiederkehnen Kondensator 10, der die Hochspannungsquelle rende Spannung des Hochstromkreises fast vollstänbildet, der Drosselspule 15, zu der parallel ein ohm- ίο dig an dem Schalter 1 liegt. Durch entsprechende scher Widerstand 11 liegt, und dem Kondensator 13, Wahl der Spannung des Hochstromkreises, d. h. der der parallel zum Hilfsschalter 2 liegt. Die Funken- Spannung der Sekundärwicklung des Transformators, strecke 16 besitzt zwei Elektroden, wobei im Ausfüh- der Frequenz und Dämpfung des Hochstromkreises rungsbeispiel in der rechten Elektrode eine Zündelek- wird erreicht, daß die wiederkehrende Spannung am trode 17 angeordnet ist. Die Zündelektrode 17 ist über 15 Schalter 1, die vom Hochstromkreis geliefert wird, ein Steuergerät 18 an die untere Klemme des ohm- den geforderten Verlauf besitzt, d. h. einen Verlauf, sehen Widerstandes 20 angeschlossen. Der ohmsche wie er z. B. durch Prüfvorschriften oder Auflagen des Widerstand 20 und die Funkenstrecke 19 liegen paral- Verbrauchers vorgeschrieben wird. Die Frequenz-IeI zu der Reihenschaltung aus zu prüfendem Schal- des Hochstromkreises wird im wesentlichen bestimmt ter 1 und Hilfsschalter 2 derart, daß die obere 20 durch die Induktivitäten von Transformator 3, Dros-Klemme des Widerstandes 20 mit der oberen seispule 4 und Generator 6 sowie durch die Kapazität Klemme des Hilfsschalters 2 verbunden ist. des Kondensators 9, die Dämpfung im wesentlichenThe high-voltage circuit consists of the self-charged capacitance of the switch 1, so that the recurrent capacitor 10, which almost completely forms the high-voltage source-generating voltage of the high-current circuit, the choke coil 15, to which an ohmic ίο dig is connected to the switch 1 in parallel. By means of a corresponding shear resistor 11 and the capacitor 13, the voltage of the high-current circuit is selected, ie that which is parallel to the auxiliary switch 2. The spark voltage of the secondary winding of the transformer, section 16 has two electrodes, whereby in the execution example the frequency and attenuation of the high current circuit an ignition electrode in the right electrode is achieved so that the recurring voltage is arranged at the electrode 17. The ignition electrode 17 is connected to the lower terminal of the ohmic required curve, ie a curve, see resistor 20, via 15 switches 1, which are supplied by the high-current circuit. The ohmic like him z. B. by test regulations or requirements of the resistor 20 and the spark gap 19 are parallel consumer is prescribed. The frequency IeI to the series connection of the high-current circuit to be tested is essentially determined ter 1 and auxiliary switch 2 in such a way that the upper 20 through the inductances of transformer 3, Dros terminal of the resistor 20 with the upper seispule 4 and generator 6 as well as through the capacitance terminal of the auxiliary switch 2 is connected. of the capacitor 9, the attenuation essentially

Gemäß der Erfindung ist in Reihe zu dieser Rei- durch die ohmschen Widerstände 7 und 8. Sobald henschaltung aus ohmschem Widerstand 20 und diese wiederkehrende Spannung einen bestimmten Meßfunkenstrecke 19 ein Kondensator 21 eingeschal- 25 Wert erreicht hat, beispielsweise kurz vor Erreichen tet. Parallel zu diesem liegt ein ohmscher Entlade- des ersten Maximums, schlägt die Meßfunkenstrecke widerstand 22, der bewirkt, daß nach jedem Versuch 19 durch, und diese Spannung entsteht schlagartig am der Kondensator 21 entladen wird. Die untere Widerstand 20. Sie wird über das Steuergerät 18 der Klemme der Sekundärwicklung des Transformators 3 Zündelektrode 17 zugeführt, wodurch die Funkenist geerdet. Wie bereits erwähnt, kann man den ohm- 30 strecke 16 durchschlagen wird. Dadurch entsteht am sehen Widerstand 20 verhältnismäßig klein machen, Kondensator 13 und damit an den Klemmen des da der Strom über die Funkenstrecke 19 durch den Hilfsschalters 2 eine Einschwingspannung, die in Kondensator 21 begrenzt ist. Er kann beispielsweise Reihe mit der Einschwingspannung des Hochstrom- ¹IeO des Wertes sein, den er ohne Kondensator ha- kreises liegt. Die Reihenschaltung beider wirkt auf ben müßte. Durch die Kleinhaltung des ohmschen 35 den zu prüfenden Schalter 1 ein. Die Polarität der Widerstandes wird der Einfluß der Erdkapazitäten, Spannung des Kondensators 10 wird derart gewählt, die ■ zwischen dem Anschlußpunkt — im Ausfüh- daß die genannten beiden Spannungskomponenten rungsbeispiel die untere Klemme des Widerstandes am Schalter 1 die gleiche Richtung haben. Die Kon-20 — der Verbindungsleitung 23 zum Steuergerät 18 densatoren 13 und 10, die Induktivität 15, der Wider- und Erde zu denken sind, auf die Spannung an der 40 stand 11 und die Höhe der Ladespannung des Kon-Meßfunkenstrecke im wesentlichen aufgehoben, so densators 10 werden so bemessen, daß man den gedaß die Spannung an der Meßfunkenstrecke 19 prak- forderten weiteren Verlauf der wiederkehrenden tisch genau ein Abbild der wiederkehrenden Span- Spannung erhält (vgl. dazu die F i g. 2 und 3 des nung des Hochstromkreises ist, nachdem die Schal- Hauptpatents und den dazugehörigen Text),
ter 1 und 2 geöffnet sind. 45 F i g. 2 zeigt ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel derAccording to the invention, the ohmic resistors 7 and 8 are connected in series with this. Parallel to this there is an ohmic discharge of the first maximum, the measuring spark gap strikes resistor 22, which causes that after each attempt 19 through, and this voltage arises suddenly on the capacitor 21 is discharged. The lower resistor 20. It is fed via the control unit 18 to the terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer 3 ignition electrode 17, whereby the spark is grounded. As already mentioned, the ohmic link 16 can be broken through. This creates a comparatively small capacitor 13 at the resistor 20, and thus at the terminals of the current through the spark gap 19 through the auxiliary switch 2, a transient voltage that is limited in the capacitor 21. He can, for example series with the transient recovery of high current to be ^one of the IEO value that it ha-without capacitor circle is. The series connection of the two has an effect on ben. By keeping the ohmic 35 small, the switch 1 to be tested is on. The polarity of the resistor is the influence of the earth capacitance, the voltage of the capacitor 10 is chosen in such a way that ■ between the connection point - in the execution that the mentioned two voltage components approximate example the lower terminal of the resistor on the switch 1 have the same direction. The Kon-20 - the connecting line 23 to the control unit 18 capacitors 13 and 10, the inductance 15, the resistance and earth are to be thought of, on the voltage at the 40 stand 11 and the level of the charging voltage of the Kon-measuring spark gap essentially canceled, Thus, the capacitors 10 are dimensioned in such a way that the further course of the recurring table required by the voltage at the measuring spark gap 19 is exactly an image of the recurring voltage (cf. Figs. 2 and 3 of the voltage of the high-current circuit is after the main scarf patent and the associated text),
ter 1 and 2 are open. 45 Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of FIG

Die Wirkungsweise der Schaltung ist die folgende: Erfindung. Soweit die Teile mit denen der Fig. 1 Zur Prüfung sind die Schalter 1 und 2 geschlossen. übereinstimmen, sind die gleichen Bezugszeichen ge-Hierauf wird der Schalter 5 geschlossen, und die bei- wählt. Die Anordnung nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich den Schalter 1 und 2 erhalten den Ausschaltbefehl. von der nach Fig. 1 dadurch, daß der Kondensator Sie werden von einem Strom gespeist, der von der 50 21 in Reihe mit dem ohmschen Widerstand 20 zwi-Hochstromquelle geliefert wird, dessen Spannung sehen dem Anschlußpunkt der Verbindungsleitung 23 aber geringer als die Nennspannung des zu prüfenden zum Steuergerät 18 und der oberen Klemme des Schalters ist. Beim ersten oder einem der folgenden Hilfsschalters 2 liegt. Wie bereits envähnt,_ wird da-Nulldurchgänge des Hochstromes haben die Kon- durch erreicht, daß die Spannung an der Reihenschaltakte der Schalter die Löschdistanz erreicht, wobei in 55 tung vom Widerstand 20 und Kondensator 21 auch an sich bekannter Weise dafür gesorgt werden muß, noch längere Zeit nach dem Durchschlag der Fundaß bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt die Lichtbogen in beiden kenstrecke 19 annähernd der wiederkehrenden Span-Schaltern brennen. Es tritt nunmehr nach dem Null- nung des Hochstromkreises folgt.The operation of the circuit is as follows: Invention. As far as the parts with those of FIG. 1 Switches 1 and 2 are closed for testing. match, the same reference numerals are applied the switch 5 is closed and the is selected. The arrangement according to FIG. 2 differs switches 1 and 2 receive the switch-off command. from that of Fig. 1 in that the capacitor They are fed by a current from the 50 21 in series with the ohmic resistor 20 between high current source is supplied, the voltage of which can be seen at the connection point of the connecting line 23 but lower than the nominal voltage of the test to control unit 18 and the upper terminal of the Switch is. The first or one of the following auxiliary switches 2 is located. As already mentioned, there will be zero crossings of the high current have reached the contact that the voltage at the series switching clock the switch reaches the extinguishing distance, in 55 device from the resistor 20 and capacitor 21 also In a known manner, care must be taken for a long time after the breakthrough of the Fundass up to this point in time the arcs in both kenstrecken 19 approximately the recurring chip switches burn. It now occurs after zeroing the high current circuit.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

Recurring voltage of the high-current circuit Claims: ignited. For this purpose, the switch and auxiliary switch to be tested are parallel to the series circuit

1. Synthetic test circuit for testing - 'the series connection of a measuring spark gap and one Breaking capacity of high-voltage switches, 5 ohmic resistance. Once the recurring with a high current and a high voltage voltage of the high current circuit a certain source and one in series with the value to be tested has been reached, the measuring spark gap is activated by a switch lying auxiliary switch, at which the strike, and the one at the resistor suddenly on-high current circuit Following the voltage which has crossed zero, a control unit initially closes the high current to the returning ignition electrode of the controlled spark gap Voltage "supplies and only after the zero leads.

passage of the high current the high voltage ₇ It is known (see German Auslegeschrift

source for the formation of the recurring voltage 1200 942), the series connection of ohmic 'voltage becomes effective, with a resistor and measuring spark gap parallel to the auxiliary switch, capacitor and a series connection from 15 for series connection of auxiliary switch and high voltage source to be tested, a switching device dem To put switch that one terminal of the and a resistor are connected in parallel, resistor is connected to one terminal of the auxiliary switch according to Patent 1,180,841, with a series circuit. One electrode of the measuring func- tion consisting of an ohmic resistor and a measuring path and the one terminal of the spark path to be tested parallel to the series connection of 20 switches are earthed in practice.
Auxiliary switch and switch to be tested, there- According to the invention, a synthetic

characterized in that with the Rei test circuit according to the main patent with the series connection from ohmic resistance and circuit from ohmic resistance and measuring spark gap a capacitor connected in series, a capacitor connected in series. Switches on is. · 25 through the ohmic resistance can be proportionate

2. Synthetic test circuit can be made small according to An as the current through the consensus 1, in which the switching device is limited by a capacitor and damage to the Control unit is controlled, thereby marked- spark gap prevented. Through the relationship the fact that the series connection of the capacitor is a small ohmic resistance, the influence and measuring spark gap between the connection 30 of the earth capacitance, which is between earth and point of the connection line to the control unit the connection point of the line leading to the control unit and earth lies. Connecting line to the series connection of

3. Synthetic test circuit according to anohmic resistance, measuring spark gap and consensus 1, characterized in that the capacitor has to think about the voltage at the circuit of ohmic resistance and measuring spark gap largely eliminated, since the time capacitor between the connection point of the constant from resistance and earth capacitance hinrei connection line to the control unit and which can be made small. As a result, one terminal of the auxiliary switch is located. the voltage at the measuring spark gap up to

4. Synthetic test circuit after breakdown practically an exact image of the contradiction 1, characterized in that parallel 4 ° reversing voltage of the high current circuit. Through this an ohmic resistance becomes the capacitor an exact response of the measuring spark gap is switched. ; reached at the desired time.

The capacitor can be connected in series with the connection point of this connection line 45 of the measuring spark gap and earth, or you can also put the capacitor in series with the ohmic one Resistance between the connection point of said connecting line and the one

There are synthetic test circuits for testing the terminal of the auxiliary switch. The last-mentioned circuit is achieved by the breaking capacity of high-voltage switches 50, so that the voltage on the circuit with a high-current and a high-voltage series circuit of ohmic resistance and source and a capacitor in series with the capacitor to be tested, which is located on the ignition electrode, is located after the switch Auxiliary switch is known in which the voltage of the high current circuit recurring to the breakdown of the measuring spark gap following the zero crossing of the high current circuit initially adapts the recurring voltage very well for a longer period of time, which is desirable.
voltage supplies and only after the zero crossing of the In the drawing are two exemplary embodiments

Hochstromes the high voltage source for forming the invention shown. As far as the parts with them the returning voltage takes effect. of the embodiment according to the main patent

Such a test circuit is the subject of the match, the same reference numerals are ver main patent 1 180 841. In this test circuit 60 turns.

are a capacitor and a line to the auxiliary switch. 1 is the switch to be tested with 1 and

connection from the high voltage source, ζ. B. with 2 of the auxiliary switch lying in series with him charged capacitor, a switching device. This series connection is parallel to the set (Spark gap) and a resistor (ohmic secondary winding of a transformer 3, its Prischen or inductive resistance) connected in parallel 65 with a limiting choke coil 4 tet. The switching device, designed as a controlled spark gap, and a switch 5 connected to the generator 6 is only after the zero is. In the high current circuit is parallel to the second passage of the high current, depending on the winding of the transformer 3, is an ohmic one