DE1602378A1 - Method and device for hydrostatic extrusion - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE DIPL-ING. ERICH SCHUBERT

Dep. Ι Porentanwolt. Dipl.-Inj. SCHUBERT, 5 »Siegln, Eiserner Strasse 227 P.O. Box 325

67 080 Fl / Schm

Telephone: (0271) 32409

Teligram addr .: Poljdiub, Siegin Postal check accounts:

Cologne 104931, Eiten 20342

Bank accounts: Deutsche Bonk AG., Branches Siegen u.iOberhauserr (RhId.)

Sept. 12, 1967

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, 11, Charles II Street, Itondon, SW1V, B ng 1 a n d

For this application, the priority will be taken from the UK Patent application "Ke .; 41 .332 / 6.6-" from "1 5 · Sept. 1966 claims»

Method and device for hydrostatic extrusion presses

It relates to extrusion processes and & Sisi »@ special- auf liydrostatisehe Strängpreßyeriahren and

The extrusion process is called a plug, © Ja £ olgss-äeii "Pressling ⁿ ) ₉ äex _s oines direct mechanical loading

Tom Bshälters her durofe.

BATH

a mouthpiece or a compression nozzle is extruded through it. The compact has a close fit in the container and extrusion pressure is applied to the end surface of the compact by a piston or ram operating in the bore of the container. Compared to conventional extrusion, hydrostatic extrusion has various advantages and advantages and differs from conventional extrusion in that a liquid is used to apply the extrusion pressure to the compact. The liquid surrounds the compact in the extrusion vessel and is pressurized to act directly on the compact. Since the liquid surrounds the compact, there is no frictional contact between the container and the compact. The press nozzle friction is further reduced because the pressurized medium in the vicinity of the press nozzle opening provides hydrodynamic lubrication between the material that is being extruded ₉ and the press nozzle.

A Profelsia inevitably arises "when using a hydrostatic" Strangpre £ stirrer driving, when a compact of vorgenaimttM ¥ @ rfahren entirely atranggepreßt or "is processed ₉ wa & gwar so far that when the rear end" the compacts cteeh the handpiece through hinauabewegt wirö , di © dEiekb ^ aMfiKiMffigte liquid in iJtK'angpreSbeliält with "■ - gsoS & t ®mi & tt © atöfiauat t74rd _B tmä ^ sQh <§ © g straaggspreite product

In hydrostatic extrusion, the material of the Pressings have a hydrostatic load, for example, a "force system subject to the extrusion of the material of the compact effected through the Preijdüse.

The ones built up in the compact. Loads or stresses and thus-the. forces that the extrusion of the material of the The effect of pellets through the nozzle is at the pressure

depending on the liquid surrounding the compact . applied \ vird. The height or the extent of the pressure, with which the liquid "must be applied to an extrusion cause depends on the yield stress / yield stress / of the material to be extruded and the degree or extent of the reduction to be achieved «,

For a material with a very high yield point or lließspannung the pressure which is required in the liquid icann to a hydrostatic Strai to cause ^ jressung be unacceptably high ^ because of DCÜieriglceiteny extending respectively from the storage _e ümmantelung / containment / of liquid result in j exposed to such a high pressure wi2 ° d _Q

This latter problem can by, ice assisted hydrostatic Strangpre§wr eliminated "£ @ n ahr avoided or _r. A © i> i? Elciieai a © .direkt © meoliaaische load the compact is ilbernlttelt" as DAB DIE applied mechanical load the Load agon complements or reinforces ^ the

009813/0942

cause an extrusion of the compact. The plastic Deformation work of the compact is between the pressure of the The compact surrounding the liquid in the extrusion container and the force of the applied mechanical load are divided. As a result, an »extrusion of the compact is effected by a much lower pressure is used in the liquid surrounding the compact than is used in the liquid when it is carried out a purely hydrostatic extrusion process is required will. The compact can with a compressive mechanical Load is applied by means of a piston or plunger, which acts in the extrusion container on the rear end of the compact. Alternatively, a Streclc tensile load or tensile load can be used / tensile drawing load / can be applied to the extruded length of the compact outside of the extrusion vessel.

The present invention enables such a mechanically assisted or reinforced hydrostatic extrusion process (hereinafter referred to as "process of the type mentioned") to be carried out in practice in such a way that a compact can be produced without the release of a considerable shock or without the "explosion". of high pressure liquid / without the release of a blast of high pressure liquid / can be completely extruded when the rear end piece of the pressed part of the extrusion tool or the press nozzle passes. - '- · - \

According to the invention, a liydrostati.ee Stranjpreßverfahren of the type mentioned is carried out on a compact. · *? .

009813/0942

.The has a tapered rear end piece that is in the Cross-section of the • cross-section of the main length of the compact except for a smaller final cross-section, whereby the pressure in the liquid surrounding the compact in the extrusion vessel during the passage of the conical rear end piece of the compact through the Preu nozzle in a is gradually reduced in such a way: that in every case the sole effect of the pressure in the liquid is not sufficient, in order to effect an extrusion of the conical rear end piece of the compact through the extrusion nozzle, .wherein the pressure in the hydraulic fluid eventually drops to substantially atmospheric pressure at the end of the extrusion of the tapered end piece of the PreBlinaS is reduced.

In a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, a compact is used "which has a tapering rear end piece, which in cross section except for a cylindrical end portion of: smaller diameter than the diameter of the main length of the compact decreases, the diameter of the cylindrical End portion of the compact is chosen so that the sole effect of the direct mechanical load with which the compact is applied is sufficient to pass the cylindrical end piece of the compact Straögpreßbehälter during the passage of the conical hitLterea 3ntstiiGks of the pressed part through the press nozzle in a utilxto & n manner is gradually reduced that in each

BATH ORIGINAL

Pall the mere action of the pressure in the liquid is not sufficient to cause the conical rear end of the --- =. · ■ - "- ■ the compact is extruded through the nozzle, the pressure in the liquid finally being reduced to essentially atmospheric pressure when the conlscne rear end piece of the compact has passed the compression nozzle so that the cylindrical end part of the compact finally passing through the nozzle applied by the sole action of the direct mecnanischei load with which the compact is V / _r IRD moved through.

The erf indungsgemäß'e method is particularly useful in a process in which direct mechanical load outside the Strangpreßbehälters is applied to the compact by application of a tensile stress / tensile drawing load / _ä the extruded County e of the compact '.

In one application of the "process", the pressure in the hydraulic fluid surrounding the compact is continuously reduced from the maximum operating pressure to essentially atmospheric pressure at the end of the extrusion of the conical rear end of the compact during the extrusion of the conical rear end piece of the compact, the pressure being: in the hydraulic fluid is reduced in such a way that the direct mechanical load, .. which is required to maintain the extrusion of the 3 conical rear end piece of the compact, remains constant * - -

009aT3 / 094Z,

- .7 - ■

. In another Su \ fendUn _6; business opportunity of the process "· • begins when the conically tapered luittlere Teilstücic moved to the ütrangpriüMüse almost at the end of the extrusion of the compact in ^ is the entire sculptural work to AufreGir-crh ^ ltung the extrusion pressure is required to decrease or to become less, and if the pressure in the hydraulic fluid surrounding the compact is initially kept at its maximum, this has the result of a reduction in the direct mechanical load, which is needed for the maintenance of the extrusion. ■

When the tapering rear end of the press begins to be priced, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid supplying the compact is initially kept at a maximum, and the direct mechanical load required to maintain the Strangpressuno is necessary continuously measured until when the direct mechanical load is dropped onto a ^r ert vorbestimmten.niedrigeren V, the, pressure in the surrounding of the compact Hydraulikflüssigice it gradually reduced Ävird so that .the direicte, mechanical load, the is required to maintain the extrusion of the tapering rear end pieces of the compact, increases to compensate for the pressure drop in the liquid, whereby "the reduction in pressure in the liquid is ended when the direct mechanical load bi3 rises to a predetermined maximum value is, the extrusion of the. stand the tapering rear end piece of the pressed part with a:

00 9813/0 942 BAD-ORIGfNAL-

constant :. Hate continues while direct mechanical stress, which is needed to maintain the extrusion, becomes weaker again, and then when the direct mechanical load the predetermined lower V.'ert reached the second quay, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid is again gradually reduced until the direct mechanical Load once again to the predetermined maximum level Value increases where "in this sequence of operations so many times is repeated as necessary around each tapered Extruding the rear end of the compact, taking care of this that the pressure in the liquid will eventually decrease to a substantial extent atmospheric pressure is reduced when the tapered rear end of the compact has passed the die.

The invention will now be based on the "example reproducing drawing £ described in more detail, namely shows

Fig. 1 is a semi-schematic cross section of a device for carrying out a hydrostatic extrusion process according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a graph while

Figure 3 is a semi-schematic cross-section of a second Embodiment of a device for performing of a hydrostatic extrusion process according to the invention. ;

COPY 009813/0942 bathroom original

InS ¹ Ig. 1 a dtrangpreßbehrlter 1 is shown, which büw with ■ an extruded piece. A compression nozzle 2 is provided * The compression nozzle 2 is sealed in the bore of the container T by a copper miter ring 3 and a Gruinmi-0 ring 4; A piston or tappet 5 is slidably sealed in the bore of the container 1 by a copper miter ring 6 and a rubber O-ring 7. The container 1 has a bore 8 which is connected to an expansion device by means of a boiling pressure pipeline TC, V. \. ;

The expansion device 9 has a cylinder 11: it. a main bore 12 and a smaller counter bore /. The main bore 12 is closed by an end plate H which is secured by a threaded ring 15. A piston 16 is slidably sealed in the main bore 12 by a copper miter ring and a rubber Q-ring IS. The piston 16 has a one-piece plunger 19 which extends into the counterbore of the cylinder 11. The plunger 19 has a smaller diameter than the counterbore 13 and is sealed off when it enters the counterbore 13 by a copper miter ring 20 and a rubber O-ring 21. The lower end of the counterbore 13 is closed by a threaded plug 22 which is sealed in the counterbore 13 by a copper miter ring 25 and a rubber O-ring 24. The pipeline 10 is connected to the counter bore 13 via a bore 25 in the plug 22. Cross bores 26 and 27 in cylinder 11 are in communication with main bore 12 above piston 16. A Gaseinlaflleitung 28 is provided with the ^r transverse bore 26 is connected via a Yentil 29th A gas outlet line 30 runs from the lower bore 27 via a relief valve 31 / relief valve / aowie

Via a ßaB flow control valve 32. ■

i · ■ "■ - OBB B 13 / GS 4 2 BAD Obiginal ^copy

When operating the in Pig. 1 reproduced arrangement 'I

becomes a plug, blank or compact / billet / 33 (in the Lacn- "■

hereinafter referred to as "compact") · from the container 1 through the

- I.

Mouthpiece 2 extruded through it. The plastic deformation work of the compact 33 is distributed over the pressure of the hydraulic fluid 34 »which surrounds the compact 33 in the container 1, as well as a pulling force which is generated by a pulling device 35 at the extruded length.: There are press lines outside the ' dtrangpreiikammer 1 is created or exercised, during the Extruding the main length of compact 33 is the liquid 34 In container 1 your! Load or move the piston 5 compressed or pressurized.

The compact 33 has a tapered rear End 37, which decreases in cross section up to a cylindrical Erriteilstück 36. The end section 36 of the compact 33 has a diameter such that when the remainder of the The compact 33 has been extruded, the tensile force alone is sufficient to pass the end section 36 of the compact through the mouthpiece 2 to penetrate.

During the extrusion of the main length of the compact, the loads required for the extrusion remain constant, as shown by the horizontal section AB of curve I in Pig. is kept constant (as by --- aafljhäri-ftäät ^ le Tailstock A ³ ~ B ^{! of} the curve U in

Pig «2 shown), the additional or * intensifying exposure / augmenting stress / (i.e. the tensile load / drawing load /),

t that is required to * maintain the wire compression, j also constant, after the ^ extrusion of the main length of the Compact 53 is the conical, rear end of compact moves into the nozzle or enters it * If the jlnde 37 The pressed part is extruded from the beginning, the whole being Work / total plastiö work /, which for; the. Upright & rnaltwng :. the deformation is required to fall off. Would the pressure i.n of the liquid 34 was kept at its maximum, so it was a reduction in the desired or necessary additional nuisance to lOlge, and the tensile load would possibly be on Drop to zero. At the point where the middle section of the Compact 37 begins to be pressed through the nozzle 2, the "procedure can then be continued in one way or another: -. -

First of all, in the practical application of both methods - and before the start of extrusion - the main bore 12 of the expansion device 9 through the gas inlet line ES and the valve 29 are filled with a gas under low pressure, with the auxiliary tension valve 31 in the Gas outlet line 30 is closed.

009813/0942

If the first of the two methods is used, the piston 5, which acts in the extrusion chamber 1, is deprived of force in the moment in which the conical center target 37 of the compact 33 begins to be pressed through the nozzle 2.

The pressure in the hydraulic fluid 54 - which surrounds the compact 33 in the container 1, is then increased by opening the Expansion valve 31 of the expansion icon device 9 gradually reduced so that the piston 16 of the expansion device 9 moves the plunger 19 out of the counterbore 13 and the pressure of the

and hydraulic fluid in the Gegeneribohrun- 1'3 / thus the pressure of the fluid 34 in the container .1 begins to fall. The rate of pressure decrease is determined by the setting of the gas flow control valve 32. The valve 32 is adjusted so that the pressure of the liquid 34 in the container 1 decreases at such a rate that the tensile load required to maintain the extrusion remains at the maximum. To achieve this, the pressure in the liquid 34 must drop in the manner shown by the dashed line B'-E ¹ in FIG. Upon completion of the extrusion of the conical rear end piece 37 of the compact 33, the pressure in the liquid 34 has dropped to Hull, and the remaining cylindrical collar section 36 of the compact 33 passes the mouthpiece 2 under the sole effect of the tensile load or tensile force.

_ BATH

0Q9813 / Q942

When using the second ίθγ two methods -_.--. ""', When the conical rear BnrlstücK37 of the pressed part 33 begins to be pressed through the mouthpiece 2., the pressure in the hydraulic fluid 34 in the container T is initially at the pressure held, which is applied to the dtrangpressehder main length of the compact 33. This is because of the part B ¹ -C 'of curve II in B'ig. 2, the y.cnn to verjün end sin 3 ^1? * Of the compact is extruded 33, drops the entire plastic work, which is required to Aui'rechterhaltung of extrusion decreases, and when the pressure is maintained in the liquid 34, the tensile load that is necessary to maintain the extrusion decreases. This is due to the section BG of curve 1 in Pig. 2 shown. The addition is measured continuously, for example by means of an electrical load converter / electrical load transducer /. If the tensile load drops to a predetermined lower value, for example at point Ö on curve I of the Pig. 2, then the piston 5 ,; the ; is effective in the extrusion container 1, power is withdrawn, and the pressure in the hydraulic fluid 34 in the container 1 is gradually reduced, for example to point X on curve II in FIG will. As the pressure in the liquid 34 decreases, the tensile load increases to compensate for the pressure loss in the liquid. If, the

Tensile force on a vo. -certain maximum value has increased, the reduction in, pressure of the liquid 34 -by closing the expansion valve 31 of the expansion icon device 9 is ended. Durcüi also weiterr.in -Wählend this Vo gangs v.ird daa korLiocne jJndsxücii 37 of the compact 33, the Lüse 2 Luix e Lner constant Race stran _ö £ epröi4t, un :: aie ^ u £ lt.ot drops again. When the supply reaches the previously required lower value, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid 34 given to the compact 33 is reduced again by means of the expansion device 9. Reduce the pressure in the Hyarauliicflussi ^ xeit ..ira, for example, from the point D 'to α en point Y on the curve II in Fig. 2!; This sequence of operations continues until the conical piece 37 of the compact 33 is completely extruded and the pressure in the hydraulic fluid 34 is reduced to zero. Finally, the cylindrical end piece 36 of the compact 33 is moved through the nozzle 2 under the sole effect of the tensile force.

Even if the invention is described above as it is at a hydrostatic extrusion process is used, in which a stretching or additional load on the extruded Lanre of the compact applied outside of the extrusion container is, i ^ t the method according to the invention also in a hydrostatic extrusion process applicable, in which one

009813/0942

axial! compressive J elaatung the Preßlin _t in StrangpreSbehalter ', "for example by means of a plunger which acts in the ijohruh ^ of Dtrangpreßbehälters against the rear end of the compact ·, is transmitted.

The in 2? I £ ·. The device shown in FIG. 3 has a solid or heavy base component 41 which is supported by a welded structure 42. A cylinder 43 is kept at "the base member 41 by Stabbolaen / pillar bolts / 44. The -cylinder 43 includes a double acting piston Ao -tit a head component 46. A flow igiceIt zusammendrücitende Plunger- and Syliiider-Bauteilgrup ^ e 47 is attached to the base component 41. The component assembly 47 has a plunger 48 extending from the "lower / end of the piston 45". The plunger 48 works "in a cylinder 49 and is sealed in the cylinder 49 by a gland assembly 50. An extrusion container 51 is arranged horizontally along its longitudinal axis and is provided with a transfer nozzle 52. The container d1 stands at the" lower end of the The cylinder 43 is closed at the upper end by a stopper 54 which has a low-pressure gas connector 55 whereby G-asdrucfc on the head 46 of the expanding eil: Korbens may be applied 45 Bin annular üaum 56 formed in the cylinder 43 ₉ is a metering valve 58 having a Einrichtiing 57 fmr the Drupkbeaufschlagen of liquid.

813 / QB 42.

connected. The annular JRaum 56 also connects via a measuring valve 59 with a .Druck-AKkumulator or Drucksammler / pressure accumulator / 6C. The pressure accumulator has a cylinder 61 in which there is a 'free piston' 62. Hydraulic fluid 63 is contained in the cylinder 61 below the piston 62, and a "gas bottle 64 is connected to the cylinder 61" above the free piston 62. ' ^r "'

In order to extrude a compact 65 from the extrusion container 51, a constant gas pressure is applied over the piston head 46 'and the piston 45 is pressurized from hydraulic fluid in the annular tree 56 under the piston head 46 in a' The hydraulic fluid is pressurized by the device 57 via the valve 58. The pressure accumulator 60 is separated from the cylinder 43 by closing the measuring valve 59. The pressure in the hydraulic fluid is released through the measuring valve 58 the piston 45 moves downward under the action of gas pressure above the piston head 46. The speed of the piston 45 is controlled by the metering valve 58 which controls the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid from the annular hood 56 Piston 45 plunger 48 into cylinder 49 for the purpose of loruckbeaufsehlagung liquid contained therein, wherein the pressure ck is transferred via the passage 53 to the hydraulic fluid _t which gives the compact 6§ in the strajigpreßböliälters 51 mm. At the same time, a tensile wing load is applied by means of a pulling device 66 on the.

I 3/0142 BAD

-IT - ■ "■■ ·: ■

extruded length of the compact outside the press container created. The main length of the compact 65 is through the nozzle through under the combined '' 'effect of the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the container 5.1 and the tensile load on the Extruded length of compact: outside of container 51 is exercised, extruded. ¥; ie can be seen from Fig. 3, the compact 65 has a conically tapering rear End piece 67 on, v / elches in ^ uersehnitt up to a cylindrical Smaller diameter end section 68 decreases. After the main length of the compact 65 has been extruded, the conical rear end 67 of the compact through nozzle 52 extruded through. While the conical rear end piece the compact is extruded through the nozzle 52, is the pressure in the hydraulic fluid, which the compact in the container 51, in accordance with the invention Procedure gradually reduced. The measuring valve 11 58 is closed and the measuring valve 59 opened, whereby pressurized Hydraulic fluid 63 from the pressure accumulator 60 into the bing space 56 below the head component 46 of the piston 4-5 is admitted. Thus, a certain part of the downward craft becomes removed from piston 4-5 and consequently also from plunger 48, so that the pressure in the hydraulic fluid in the cylinder 49 and is reduced in the container 51.

Each of the two hetnodes of the pressure reduction in the hydraulic fluid, welclie in relation to the gate direction according to Pig. 1 were besehEieben above _r may during operation ^of: törMichtüng

according to Pig. 5 can be used. For example, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the container 51 can be continuously reduced while the conical rear iindstücic 67 of the Compact "65 is extruded through the nozzle. This is achieved by continuously draining hydraulic fluid into the cylinder 43 from the pressure regulator 60, under the control of the measuring valve 59 »the valve 59 is set in such a way that there is such an ablation rate, that the hydraulic fluid in the otrangpi-eä tank from your maximum operating pressure to essentially atmospheric pressure during extrusion of the conical hir.ter end piece ■ the compact falls off »The cylindrical end section 68 of the compact is finally pushed through the nozzle 52 under the action pulled through the pulling force alone.

Alternatively, as can likewise with regard to long. t described above, if the conical rear end piece 67 of the compact begins to be extruded, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid. Which the compact 65 in the. container .51 surrounds, initially on the; Maximum be kept which used for extrusion of the main length of the compact will. As soon as the conical end 67 of the compact is extruded, the tensile load necessary to maintain the extrusion drops, and when the tensile load drops to one a predetermined lower a'ert has dropped, that becomes Measuring valve 58 is closed and the pressure in the hydraulic fluid in container 51 is reduced by adding hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator 60 into the cylinder 43 below

009813/0 942

the "control" of the valve 59 is released. The tensile load. iiiie'for-maintaining the extrusion of the * conical "end piece 6? des * "pressed part is required increases in order to compensate for the eeuusierimg of pressure: of the hydraulic fluid in the .-. the reaction of the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the container 51 is ended by closing the valve 59. and the pre-requisite sequence of processes is as many times wa.ederh.oltj as it is necessary for the -ötrangpreseen aes koniscxieii end piece 67 of the pretiling. Ss is ei-uspree ^ euG a _fc apologized ^: et unä vorgese'ee; ¹ , because - the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the container 51 is seriliefilich to i:;: essential atmospheric pressure at the change in the strict pressure on the conical end piece 67 ^s dfe.s "pressed part is reduced and the cylindrical end piece 68 of the ring closes the nozzle 52 is pulled out through the action of the 2üglcraft alone * '' ■ -. "■■ - ■ ■ - '■ -. ^: ■■■; ■ _'- ■ · -'- ..

Ultimately, there can be a koTitinui'erlicöe of the pressure in the hydraulic fluid during the. pressing of the conical upper part of the iris can easily be achieved without having to resort to services, as is the case with the. Goal direction

BAD ORIGINAL 3/0942

FIGS. 1 and 3 are indicated. If, for example, in the device according to FIG. 3, the volume of the conical rear cindpiece 67 of the compact is selected so that it corresponds to the volume to which the hydraulic fluid in the container 51 and in the cylinder 49 falls from the maximum. Operating pressure to essentially atmospheric pressure, the closing of the metering valve 58 when extrusion of the conical end of the compact begins, results in a continuous pressure drop in the hydraulic fluid over the period in which the conical end of the compact is forced through the nozzle . The pressure drop in the liquid is the result of the expansion that occurs in the liquid - due to the extrusion of the conical end piece of the compact through the nozzle - permitted bsw. is made possible.

The invention also relates to modifications of the enclosed Claim 1 outlined performance and relates above all on all features of the invention that individually - or in combination - throughout the description and drawings are disclosed.

Claims

0098 13/0942

Claims (7)

PATENT ADVOCATE. ·. "* - * ~ - ~ .. DIPL-ING. ERICH SCHUBERT ^Telif0B! <° "» ^{3M (} * '% J TclieramnvAdr .: Pottchub, Siagtn * ·! PottidiKkkontan: - '* ". ■' ■ Cologne 106931, Et» w 203Ä2 - - Bank accounts: Deutsdie Bank AG., Dept. i patent attorney DIpWn ₈ . SCHUBERT, St Sisgwi, Eiierner StraB «227 FilialeirSiegtnu.Ofaerhauwn (RhId.) rust hole 325 - * 67 080 Fl / β ohm 1602378 13v Sept> 1967 Claims I Hydrostatic extrusion process, characterized by | draws that a compact is surrounded by liquid in an extrusion container, that the liquid is pressurized to act directly on the compact, and a direct mechanical load is applied to the compact to 'increase the loads that are effective, in order to extrude the compact from an extrusion container through a nozzle, the compact having a tapered rear end piece which decreases in cross section from the cross section of the main length of the compact to a smaller final cross section that. the pressure in the liquid surrounding the compact in the extrusion chamber is gradually reduced during the passage of the tapered rear end piece of the compact through the nozzle in such a way that the sole effect of the pressure on the liquid does not at all times sufficient hindurcii to the rear end portion of the Preßliiigs through the nozzle pressing ^ and the pressure in the closing Hydrauliltflüssiglseit · · = ■ SSX & - in Jseae & tlLGhsn sfaospMrischen pressure at the Bndpxuökt cl s © © © k 4 -V@r.1feiÄeiii. .eB. I3aä © tQ.c & s .des; @ §S I *. 2. Hydrostatic extrusion process, characterized in that a compact is circulated by liquid in a cStrangpreßfoehälters, since £ the liquid is pressurized to act directly on the compact, and that a direct mechanical load is applied to the compact to the loads supplement, which are effective to extrude the compact from the extrusion container through a nozzle, the compact having a tapered rear end piece which in cross-section decreases to a cylindrical end portion with a smaller diameter than the diameter of the main length of the compact, the The diameter of the cylindrical end portion of the compact is chosen so that the sole effect of the direct mechanical load applied to the compact is sufficient to cause the cylindrical end portion of the compact to pass through the nozzle, the pressure in the surrounding compact liquid is gradually reduced in the extrusion vessel during the passage of the conical rear end piece of the compact through the nozzle in such a way that the sole effect of the pressure in the liquid is in any case insufficient to extrude the calibrated rear end piece of the compact through the To effect the nozzle through, whereby the pressure in the liquid is finally reduced to essentially atmospheric pressure, when the conical rear end of the bra sling presses the press pin psstslsEt Jaa ^ gss © isi§ the zyliBflrissä® siaätsiletück ü & e press— η R β? ν: ■ - ^η y ^ λ ■ ^r -;? ■■ '. ■■ ■■■ *! * ■■''^;:·' ■ ·:. ^{■■■■■■:} ■■ ^:: ■ lings finally through the sole effect of the direct ■■ mechanical load that is "applied to the compact, is moved through the nozzle. f 3. Hydrostatic Sti ^ ängpreß method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the direct mechanical load on the compact by applying a Streelc tensile load drawing loading / on the extruded length of the compact ' takes place outside the extrusion container * 4. Hydrostatic extrusion traversing en claimed in claim 1 _f or 2, characterized in that vährend the Strangpressungdes conical rear end portion of the pressing pressure in the hydraulic fluid, which surrounds the pressed part, from, the maximum operating pressure to the wesentXicheH atmospheric pressure at the end of Strangpressun || of the conical rear end portion of the compact is continuously reduced, the pressure in the hyGratilic liquid being reduced in such a way that the direct mechanical load necessary to maintain the extrusion of the conical rear end portion of the compact remains constant 5. Hydrostatic extrusion process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the conical rear End of the compact begins to pass the nozzle, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid surrounding the compact on a 009813/0942 Maximum is kept and the direct mechanical load necessary to maintain the extrusion of the compact is required to be measured continuously until, when the direct mechanical load drops to a predetermined lower Value has fallen, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid surrounding the compact is gradually reduced, so that the direct mechanical load required to extrude the conical rear end of the compact maintain, increases to the pressure drop in the liquid to compensate, the reduction in pressure in the liquid is stopped when the direct mechanical Load has risen to a predetermined maximum value, the extrusion of the conical rear end piece of the compact is continued at a steady rate while the direct mechanical loading that is required is in order to maintain the extrusion falls again or becomes less, and that if the direct mechanical Charge the predetermined lower value a second time reached, the pressure in the hydraulic fluid surrounding the compact is gradually reduced again until the direct mechanical load is again at the predetermined maximum Value increases, this sequence of processes or this work sequence being repeated as many times as it is for extrusion of the conical rear end of the compact is required, it being so provided and arranged, that the pressure in the liquid will eventually increase to substantially 009813/0942 atmospheric pressure is reduced when the conical rear End piece of the pressed part has passed the press nozzle, ".-, -: 6 «Hydrostatic extrusion process according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the direct n.echaniache loading on the compact by using a stretching tensile load at the extruded length of the compact outside the extrusion chamber he follows. ■ 7. Hydrostatic extrusion process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized / that the compact is a tapering look has rear end piece that corresponds in volume to volume, around weldhes the liquid surrounding the compact in the Extrusion chamber expands when falling to atmospheric pressure from the maximum pressure with which the liquid during applied to the extrusion of the main length of the compact is, whereby when the conical rear end of the compact the press nozzle -passed, the pressure in the liquid in the extrusion container in accordance with the passage of the conical rear end of the compact through the press nozzle gradually drops to atmospheric pressure. to Ά --λ, 1, ^ - ■% '§ W P / "J - y 1 $ ii * Τί., s Ji. i = -i Si -i * ώ -44- Blank page