DE1601717A1 - Oleopneumatic working cylinder with graduated structure - Google Patents

Description

Qleopne «static working cylinder with tiered structure

The subject of the invention is an oleopneumatic step work cylinder, which especially for the execution of work requiring considerable forces is usable.

The working cylinder according to the invention is designed so that it enables a rapid approach movement during the hat stroke until it is with an outer one Feed comes into contact with a resistance opposing part. The movement of the working cylinder transforms then move into a slow advance during the

Working stroke, after which

009812/1019

BATH ORIGINAL

the termination of which is a rapid decline in moving parts of the working cylinder takes place in the opposite sense in the initial position.

The device according to the invention is esp.

suitable for the equipment of machines, which pulling, aligning Carry out riveting and flanging work. In general, it can be used in all cases involving the use of working cylinders usually require, such as lifting operations.

The subject of the invention is independent of its use hereinafter oil or pneumatic working cylinder called.

The oil-pneumatic stepped working cylinder according to the invention with a fast and then a slow feed is characterized in that it has a control cylinder in which a main piston fixedly connected to a hollow rod and a float sliding along this rod are displaceable, as well as an actuating cylinder which has a pressure member contains the supporting drive piston, the volume between the float and the main piston being filled with a liquid and being divided into two chambers by an orifice, which is closed by the hollow rod of the main piston during the slow advance, with a pneumatic distributor also being provided, to libitum a pressure medium between the main piston UNAE the float for fast feed and zuu send the S expensive cylinder for the slow Torschub between the main piston and the ground, return means the return of the moving parts in the Cause starting position.

The filling liquid is preferably through

0 0 9 812/1019 bad original

an oil or a liquid Fe ^ t is formed.

The drive pressure means is preferred

Compressed air, which is a pneumatic distributor with three ways each of which has an outlet. This Distributor allows the three work steps of the work cycle of the oleopneumatic working cylinder separately and in the desired Order.

The introduction of compressed air into the control cylinder between the main piston and the float obviously drives the liquid over the loin ^B and determines a rapid advance of the drive piston and its pressure

member: s, until this one offers resistance with an external Part comes into contact. This is the approach stroke.

If at the same time the compressed air previously introduced into the control cylinder is discharged and compressed air between is sent to the bottom of the control cylinder and the main piston, the hollow rod firmly attached to the main piston becomes moved so that it enters the loin and a certain Includes amount of liquid in the chamber into which it has entered. Since the aperture is tight, the hollow one plays Rod then the role of a piston and exerts a pressure on the so enclosed liquid smat'se, whereby on the pressure member a pressure is exerted which, according to Pascal's principle, is in the ratio between the surface of the drive piston and the surface of the cross-section of the hollow rod is enlarged. This second step is the slow one Stroke or the working stroke.

Finally, in a third step, the preceding chamber of the cylinder is emptied, and

009812/1019 _BAD ORIGINAL

Compressed air is fed into the actuator cylinder between its bottom and the drive piston. The moving parts of the oleopneumatic working cylinder then sweep extremely quickly back to their original position.

Of the. oleopneumatic working cylinders designed in this way offer the advantage of a completely symmetrical structure with low radial expansion.

Its effectiveness can conveniently be increased by having one or more chambers with the hollow Rod firmly connected pistons are arranged one above the other » whereby the pressure transmitted through this rod and thus the working capacity of the pressure member is increased to the same extent. This result is obtained without changing the radial expansion.

Furthermore, the increased effectiveness

can be multiplied by the fact that several Pistons containing chambers are combined, which end in a single actuating cylinder. In this case it is Height expansion the same as above.

Furthermore, the inventive oleopneumatic Working cylinder can be divided into two parts, one of which is the control cylinder and the other is the actuating cylinder corresponds, whereby these two parts are connected by a flexible line filled with liquid · Such a Training is very expedient when significant forces in small and trees that are difficult to access have to be exercised

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1 is one through a diametrical plane

009812/1019

BATH ORIGINAL

sectional side view of an embodiment of the • according to the invention oleopneumatic working cylinder, which is in the rest position at the beginning of the fast working stroke.

Pig. 2 and 3 relate to the same design and show the working cylinder at the end of the fast working stroke and at the end of the slow working stroke.

Pig. Fig. 4 is a side view partially cut through a diametrical plane showing an embodiment of the oleopneumatic working cylinder with two piston chambers lying one above the other in the rest position.

Pig. 5, 6 and 7 relate to an embodiment in which three of the working cylinder of the Pig. 4 corresponding oil-pneumatic working cylinders are arranged in parallel, their three actuating cylinders being combined into a single one, namely Pig. 5 is a side view, lig. 6 is a plan view and Pig. 7 is a section along line VII-VII of Pig. 6th

Pig * 8 is a side elevational view, partially in section, of an embodiment of the oleopneumatic power cylinder in which the control cylinder and the actuating cylinder are independent of each other and through a flexible conduit are united.

In Pig. 1 to 3 »in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown, the control cylinder 1 can be seen. The actuating cylinder 2 is screwed on, the connection point being sealed by the sealing ring 21. These two cylinders are connected to one another via a throttle point or ^B end 17. Their free ends carry the bottoms 3 and 4 with their seals

009812/1019 bad original

i OU 1 / E /

22 or 23.

In the control cylinder 1, independently of one another a float 8 and a main piston 6 slide on which in its center a hollow rod 7 is attached, which is comparatively long and, due to the float 8, with Glefceitz occurs. The main piston 6, which is provided with a sealing ring 24, tightly separates the between the base 3 of the control cylinder and The space lying next to the swimmer 8 is divided into two stepped channels 14 and 15. As explained below, chambers 14 and 15 are for separate supply with a pressure medium, e.g. compressed air,

P determined. In Pig. 1 and 2, the volume of the chamber 14 is practical zero. '

The float 8 has the shape of a piston,

the middle section of which is hollowed out. Its sliding movement is limited by a stop 54. It also separates tightly the chambers 15 and 16 with the aid of two sealing rings 26 and 16 which are in contact with the inner surface of the control cylinder 1 28 and by two with the outer surface of the hollow rod 7 in contact standing sealing rings 27 and 29. The recess 35 provided on the float 8 is due to its presence a hole 36 in the wall of the control cylinder 1 is constantly under atmospheric pressure.

The slides in the actuating cylinder 2 Drive piston 9 carrying pressure member 10. An axial bore 20 of the drive piston is used to receive the hollow rod? during their movement. Separates through its sealing rings 32 this drive piston tightly seals the two stepped chambers 18 and 19 lying between the diaphragm 17 and the bottom 4 Volume of the chamber 18 is in the position of the £ ig. 1 zero.

0 0 9812/1019 bad original

The chamber 19 is the same as the chambers 14

and 15 intended for feeding with a pressure medium. The pressure member 10 provided at its end is provided with a groove 40 and is guided through the ring 39 of the base 4. Its sliding movement is sealed off by the oil duct 33.

The chamber 18 protrudes with the chamber 16 the aperture 17 in connection. These two chambers contain a liquid, e.g. oil or a liquid fat. your connection can be lifted by the hollow rod 7 when they enters the aperture 17 in the manner of a piston, the seal being produced by the sealing rings 30 and 31.

The bottom 3 of the control cylinder contains a

communicating with the chamber 14 opening 12 and a axial opening 11 · This axial opening 11 communicates with a dip tube 5, which is attached to the bottom 3 and enters the hollow rod 7. The dip tube 5 slides

axially in the main piston provided with the sealing ring 25 and stands with the chamber 15 through two holes in the hollow rod 7 provided holes 37 in connection.

The bottom 4 of the actuating cylinder 2 also has an opening communicating with the chamber 19 {

An annular space 41 located between the seals 32 of the drive cage 9 communicates with the outside space through the channel 38 in connection.

In the example shown, the pneumatic devices for actuating the leopneumatic working cylinder contain a distributor 43 which is constantly fed through the duct 50 from a compressed air source (not shown)

0 0 9 812/1019

BATH ORIGINAL

fed ~. This manifold 43, shown schematically has three outlet paths connected to the oleopneumatic working cylinder and is designed so that it can only feed one way with compressed air, while the other two are switched to exhaust.

The oleopneumatic working cylinder contains

nor facilities that prevent the compressed air mixes with the liquid, at the same time allowing disturbances caused by any leakage to be determined immediately and locate.

Mixing is avoided in that the chambers are separated by seals, between which a Annular space opening into the open air is provided.

For this purpose, the chambers 18 and 19 are separated by the seals 32, between which the through the Channel 38 opening into the open air annular space 41 is located. The chambers 15 and 16 are in turn through the seals 27 and 29, between which the annular chamber 42 is located, which in the with the Recess 35 connected to the outside space opens, and is separated by the seals 26 and 28.

The work of the above oleopneumatic working cylinder comprises three successive working steps:

a) Fast feed or approach stroke,

until the pressure member lies against the outer part, which resists his movement;

b) slow advance or working stroke, during which the pressure member advances and thereby all of its pressure

009812/1019 BADOR ₁ GiNAL

exercises on the outer part;

c) rapid decline either to the starting position of the working stroke or to the starting position of the approach stroke.

When the chambers 14 and 15 are switched to the outlet, the compressed air arrives through the opening 13 and is fed to the chamber 19. The drive piston 9 approaches the diaphragm 17 »whereby it presses the liquid out of the chamber 18, and stops when the float 8, displaced by the liquid arriving in the chamber, hits the stop 34 pushes. The movement of the drive piston 9 simultaneously causes the displacement of the hollow rod 7, which the Main piston 6 presses against bottom 3. The working cylinder is then in the rest position at the beginning of the approach stroke (Pig · 1).

When feeding the chamber. 15 with compressed air the opening 11, the dip tube 5 and the holes 37 is the Chamber 19 switched to the outlet at the same time. The main piston 6 remains immobile. The float 8 moves against it under the pressure of the compressed air and propels the chamber 16 contained liquid, which passes into the chamber 18, whereby the drive piston 9 is in turn displaced · The Movements of the float 8 and the drive piston 9 continue at high speed until the thrust member 10 also moves the outer part comes into contact, which then the movement persists.

The oleopneumatic working cylinder has then

ended its approach stroke. Br is in the starting position for the working stroke (J ¹ Xg. 2).

0 0 9 8 12/1013 BAD ORIGINAL

In a third work step, the chamber 15 is switched to the outlet, and the chamber 14 is fed with compressed air through the opening 12. Under the action of the pressure of the compressed air, the main piston 6 moves, taking with it the hollow rod 7 which enters the diaphragm 17. The chambers 16 and 18 are separated from one another by the seal thus produced at the location of the screen 17 between the hollow rod 7 and the seals 30 and 31. The hollow bar 7 then enters the chamber 18 and continues its movement until »9 is a balance between the approaches the feed of the pressure member 10 resisting reaction force and the force exerted by the pressure acting on the actuator piston 9 pressure is established.

The oleopneumatic working cylinder then has its slow advance or working stroke (Fig. 3) executed, it being in the manner of a hydraulic press with a small by the hollow rod 7 formed piston and a large piston formed by the drive piston 9 works.

Solieeslich can by a corresponding actuation of the distributor 43 of the oleopneumatic working cylinder Depending on the operating requirements, either in the rest position or the starting position for the approach stroke (Fig. 1) or return to the starting position for the work stroke (Fig.2)

According to the invention is that of the pressure member

transmitted force at the same time as the pressure of the hollow rod 7 and the ratio between the surfaces of the drive piston 9 and the cross section of the hollow rod 7 is proportional.

In a practice of the invention

0 0 9 8 12/1019 bad original

in which compressed air was used at a pressure of 6 bar, the main parts had the following dimensions:

- Internal cross-section of the control cylinder 1: 23 cm

- Cross section of the dip tube 5:. 0.25 cm

- Cross section of the hollow rod 7: 1.5 cm

'

- Cross section of the drive piston 9: 28.25cm

During work, the developed forces reached the following values:

Pressure on the float 8 (Pig. 2) 130 kg

Pressure on the main piston 6 (Pig. 3) 135 kg. Force of the pressure member 10i - 2,550 kg

The one in Pig. The second embodiment of the oleopneumatic working cylinder shown in FIG. 4 differs from the previous one in that it has a pneumatic compartment at the top which corresponds to that of the control cylinder, thereby practically doubling the compressive force exerted by the hollow rod.

The additional pneumatic compartment contains a cylinder 101, which with the control cylinder 1 by a connected with internal threading connecting piece 102 and is closed at the other end by the bottom 3. The connector 102 carries the seals 122 and 146 as well the openings 111 and 112 opening into the chambers 115 and 14, respectively. The bottom 3, which is that of the previous embodiment, carries the seal 22, the openings 11 and 12 and the immersion tube 5. ·

I _n the cylinder 101 may be the main piston 6 of the preceding embodiment slide, which is firmly connected with the elongated hollow rod. 7 When he was

009812/1019. BADORSGiHAL

Shift separates the main piston 6 by means of its sealing rings 2 * 4 and 25 tightly between the bottom 3 and the bottom of the connector 102 lying space in two stepped chambers 114 and 115 · The two chambers 114 and 115 are to be separated Supply with the drive pressure medium determined.

The hollow rod 7 passes through with a sliding fit the bottom 140 of the connecting piece 102 carrying the seal 144 and carries the one with its seals in the control cylinder 1 124 and 145 provided piston 106. The piston 106 separates tightly the two chambers 14 and 15 of the previous embodiment.

The rest of the apparatus is unchanged from that of the previous embodiment.

The operation of the oleopneumatic working cylinder vegetable of this second embodiment is the same as that above for the first execution explained identically. Sufficient for this it, the openings 11 and 111 parallel from the distributor 43 on the one hand and the openings 12 and 112 on the other hand to feed.

Fig. 4 shows the oleopneumatic working cylinder in the rest position * The simultaneous supply of compressed air to chambers 115 and 15 through openings 111 and 11 determines the approach stroke. Likewise determines the simultaneous supply of compressed air to the chambers 114 and 14 through the openings 12 and 112 the working stroke.

In this last step, the

Pressure of the air, which is simultaneously exerted on the main piston 6 and the piston 106, a pressure of the hollow rod 7 » which is practically twice as large as in the first embodiment. '

'A distinctive feature of this second

0 0 9812/1019 bad original

The embodiment is that the oleopneumatic working cylinder with the same radial expansion on the pressure member develops a force which is practically twice as great as when it is first run.

An example of an oleopneumatic working cylinder was given above, which developed a force of 2,550 kg on the pressure member. After a modification corresponding to the second version, tests with the following results with this apparatus:

Pressure on the main piston 6 135 kg g Pressure on piston 106 130 kg

total pressure transmitted through the hollow rod 265 kg

Force of the pressure member 10: _{m 5 # 000 kg}

ι »p

The above second embodiment can be modified without departing from the scope of the invention.

Thus, the diameter of the cylinder 101

The tone of the control cylinder 1 may be different. Likewise can several pneumatic departments are placed on top of each other, whose pistons are firmly connected to the same hollow rod. ^

The work developed by the pressure limb is equal to the product of the force it transfers and its displacement. Be it clear that i »compared to that In the first embodiment, the increase in the available work by increasing the pressure of the hollow rod only results in an increase in the force transmitted by the pressure member can lift, since its lift remains unchanged. This case corresponds to the second embodiment described above · One can also while maintaining the unchanged of the pressure member

^009812/1019 BADOR ₁ G ₁ NAL

transmitted force get a longer stroke. Finally you can change these two variables, namely the force and the stroke, at the same time, which is a great adaptability the practical design of the oleopneumatic working cylinder and its easy adaptation to the conditions of use enables.

The distributor can also be modified. While maintaining the three working positions of the distributor new connections can be provided for the air openings, e.g. the coupling of openings 13 and 111. This connection allows the oleopneumatic working cylinder from the final working position without stopping in the intermediate position in the Transfer to rest position. Furthermore, a distributor with more can be provided as three positions, each of which corresponds to a particular connector.

In a third embodiment of the oleopneumatic working cylinder shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 this parallel three control cylinders with an additional pneumatic division, which in a single actuation cylinder flow out.

The device is formed by an actuating cylinder 202 on which three tightly in all points identical control cylinders 1a, 1b, 1c are screwed on, over each of which an additional pneumatic compartment 101a, 101b, tO1c lies. Sealing rings 221a provide the required seal. The feeding of the upper cylinder sections with compressed air takes place through openings 11a, 11b, 11c.

Any control cylinder formed in the above manner 1a, 1b, 1c stands with the chamber 218 through the diaphragms

0098 12/1019 bad original

17a in connection. Chamber 218 and the three chambers 16a, which are connected to each other in this way are filled with oil. However, this connection is not permanent, but ceases as soon as the hollow rods enter the diaphragms at the same time 7a prevent any fluid circulation due to the presence of the seals 230a and 231a.

The base 204, which is screwed tightly onto the actuating cylinder 202 thanks to the seal 223, carries a cylinder 242, in which the drive piston 209 and its pressure member 210 slide.

The one provided with two sealing rings 232

Drive piston 209 tightly separates chamber 218 from the chamber 219, which with a drive pressure medium via the opening 213 is fed. The pressure member 210 guided through the ring 239 is sealed by the seal 233

Finally, it is formed between the seals 232 and connected to the outlet opening 238 Annular space 241 the discharge of any leakage flows of compressed air or oil.

The above device actually corresponds to an arrangement of three oleopneumatic operating at the same time Working cylinders.

Their work is no different from that of the devices already described. The connection combinations of the compressed air manifold are also the same as above, provided that the various combined elements fed in parallel.

In a practical implementation using three control cylinders with an additional compartment

009812/1019

BATH ORIGINAL

■ - 16 -

n} with the dimensions given above and a drive piston With a triple surface, the apparatus has the following features

own: -

Cross section of the drive piston 209 85 cm

2 Cross-section of the three hollow rods 7 4.5om

Total pressure of the three hollow rods 7,795 & g

Force transmitted from the pressure member 210: * 15,000 kg

Compared to the previous embodiments if the height extension is not changed, the ability to work however, the new device is multiplied with the number of combined elements.

Such a more effective device is also very adaptable! since they have new combinations allows between the force and the stroke of the pressure member, which facilitate adaptation to the conditions of use. ,

Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the

oleopneumatic working cylinder, which is characterized in that it has a control cylinder and an actuating cylinder, which are executed separately and by a flexible conduit filled with liquid are combined.

The control cylinder 1 is attached to the base 302 provided with a cover.

The actuating cylinder 321 has as in the

previous cases a sliding drive piston 309 provided with its pressure member 310. The drive piston 309 divides

as a result of its sealing rings 332, the internal volume of the actuating cylinder is sealed in two chambers 319 and 318b.

The chamber 319 is intended to be supplied with a drive pressure medium through the opening 313.

009812/1019 ORIGINAL BATHROOM

Chamber 3i8b is connected to chamber 318a by a flexible conduit 320 which carries the high pressures can hold out. These two chambers and the pipe are with liquid filled.

The operation is identical to that of the previous embodiments.

The control cylinder 1 can be fixedly attached, while the actuating cylinder 321, which has a very has little space requirement, can be moved as required.

This fourth embodiment can of course be | can also be modified. For example, you can use the same Actuating cylinder several flexible lines leading to different control cylinders can be connected.

Furthermore, the manifold 43 can be controlled by a manometric Heiais controlled which the automatic switching of the working cylinder from the fast feed to the slow feed when the pressure member is on the Has encountered an obstacle.

009812/1013 B * ^D ORIGINAL

Claims (2)

Claims 1 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder with graduated Assembly with fast and then slow feed, characterized by a control cylinder (1) in which a main piston (6) firmly connected to a hollow rod (7) and a float (8) sliding along this hollow rod, and an actuating cylinder (2) which a drive piston (9) carrying the pressure member (10), the volume between the float (8) and the drive piston (9) being filled with a liquid and in two chambers is divided by a diaphragm (17), which through the hollow rod (7) of the main piston (6) at the moment of slow Feed is closed, and a pneumatic distributor (43) is also provided to provide a drive pressure medium between the main piston (6) and the float (8) at will. for the fast feed and between the main piston (6) and the base (3) of the control cylinder (1) for the slow one To send feed, with also return devices the return of the moving parts in the starting position allow. 2.) Oleopneumatic working cylinder according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic distributor (43) has three paths, each with an outlet, which allow, separately and in the desired order, the tight approach feed, the slow work feed, the quick return to the initial rest position or the " to quickly return to the starting position of the working position. 009812/1019 bad original 3 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder after Claim 1, characterized in that the inner volume of the caves. Rod (7) for receiving a on the bottom (3) of the Control cylinder (1) attached lauchrohrs (5) is used, which penetrates the main piston (6) with a sliding fit and acts as a channel for the drive means, which is used between the main piston (6). and the float (8) lying chamber (15) supplied or is discharged from this. 4 *) Olec-pneumatic working cylinder according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stroke of the float A (8) is limited by a stop (34) against which it rests when the movable ropes are in the rest position. 5 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder after Claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the drive piston (9) is a multiple of the cross section of the hollow sliding rod (7) is ^ wobsi an axial bore (20) is provided for receiving the hollow rod (7) during its sliding movement in the pressure member (10). 6 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder after Anst> rest 1, characterized in that it is used to separate the Has chambers seals (26), between which a "mixing of the drive pressure medium and" opening into the open the! Liquid-preventing annular space (35) is formed. 7 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder after Claim 1, characterized in that it is at least one above the other an additional pneumatic compartment (101) above the control cylinder (1), with one through these compartments only hollow rod (7) occurs, which has just as many control pistons 009812/1019 BATH ORIGINAL (6, 106) carries as pneumatic cylinders are provided. '3 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder after Claims 1 and 7, characterized in that it has several control cylinders (1a, 1b, 1c) in parallel which are in a single actuating cylinder (202) mouth, each control cylinder has a hollow sliding rod. 9 ·) Oleopneumatic working cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a tone the control cylinder (1) separate actuating cylinder (521), these two cylinders being filled with a liquid flexible line (320) are connected. BATH ORIGINAL 009812/1019