DE1601409A1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Description

Fuel injector

The invention relates to fuel injectors for internal combustion engines, and more particularly on fuel injectors, hereinafter briefly Called fuel injectors, for diesel engines of the type with open chamber and direct injection.

In such engines, the use of spring-loaded differential valve multi-hole nozzles is almost universal. No other type of fuel injection has "the Bremxstoffzerstäubung in Terbrenüuiigoräunien open chamber delivered as satisfactory solutions to the problems of education, dispersion and les Jindrigens Currently Avail- .i '$} \ Iy # m ^ f |? 9ffei2ispritser for diesel engines open .Ban-

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art are expensive and have to be repaired at intervals to make them work satisfactorily. The fuel injectors now available also require two pipe connections, one for the fuel supplied by the pump and one for the fuel outlet from the fuel injector back to the inlet side of the pump. This sealing of this drain is not only an additional measure of considerable costs, but also complicated also increases the cost of servicing the fuel injectors.

Another specialist part of the current fuel injectors is that its functional components extend from the nozzle tip to the far end of the nozzle holder extend so that when the nozzle holder is axially compressed by the bolts or tie rods necessary for manufacture a gas-tight seal between the holder and its seat in the cylinder head, the equipment the functional. Components can be disturbed by shortening the holder axially. To the application excessive installation forces on the fuel injectors to avoid, build some Hocorenhersbeller expensive and plateau-robbing institutions in order to the 3u'f'ftie nozzle holder are used! rauft, 3 .. loading

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According to the invention, an improved form of a fuel injector is now to be found, which is based on the aforementioned Disadvantages of the known fuel injectors did not suffer, this improved injector being economical to manufacture and not essential Maintenance costs required to keep the fuel injector in maintain effective operating condition.

According to the invention there is an improved fuel injector from a nozzle holder, which is designed so that it can be stored in the cylinder head of the engine and a fuel feed line and an injection assembly with a Has hollow body, which is provided with a fuel inlet opening is provided, with a spring-loaded differential valve being provided within the body, which cooperates with a seat to regulate the flow of the fuel to a Dttsenspitze, whereby body, Valve, valve loading spring and DUeenapitse are designed as a replaceable unit, which is against the nozzle holder Can be jammed with the inlet line in connection with the feed line

For example, embodiments of the invention are now intended are explained in more detail using the accompanying drawings,

BATH ORIGINAL 009885/0384

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in which

FIG. 1 shows, in section, a nozzle holder provided with a splash with a fuel injector according to the invention showsι which is shown in the view and in his Position through a usual dttsennut shown in section is attached;

Figure 2 is a diametrical section through the injector assembly;

Figure 3 is a diametrical section through a modified embodiment of the injector assembly;

Figure A is a partial cross-section along the line IV-IV in Figures 3J and

Figure 5 is a diametrical section through another modified embodiment of the injector assembly.

In Figures 2, 3 and 5 shows the left half of each section the valve in its closed position and the right half of each section the valve in its fully open position Position.

In Figure 1, a nozzle holder 6 is shown, which is provided with a fuel line 7 and has a thread at the lower end to receive a nut 8, which is used to an injector assembly 9 by means of a flange 12 against

009885 / 038A

_ 5 to clamp the nozzle holder

In compartment Figure 2, the injector assembly has a body 10 with an opening or passage 11 for the inlet of fuel, such as an integral plank 12 over which it is braced against the nozzle holder, as well as a Pederkaamer 15, a counterweight 14 and a deformable jacket 15 'Bine coaxial valve guide 16 is provided with a bore 17 "a conical seat 18, an enlarged bore 19, a flange 20 with end face 21 and transverse openings 22 Valve element 26 is held in groove 28 of valve element 26 by semicircular closing trowel 27. The latter has a constriction 29 with a smaller diameter than that of the valve stem 50, as well as a conical surface 51 and a piston 52 which sits in the enlarged bore 19 of the valve guide 16 with a fit for fuel throttling. A nozzle tip 55 is provided with an end face 54 »a shoulder 55» a sack tube 56 and spray openings 57.

When assembling the injector, a sub-assembly consisting of valve element 26, guide 16, peder 25, Peder seat 25, locking wedges 27 and valve lift adjustment disk

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38 and this subassembly is formed in the body 10 inserted until the flange 20 of the guide 16 is at the end the counterbore 14 of the body 10 is located * you nozzle tip 33 vird dian is inserted into a counterbore H of the body 10 until the surface 34 of the tip 33 rests against the face of the flange * 20 of the guide 16; the deformable edge ·! 15 dee body 10 is then over the shoulder of the nozzle tip 33 folded.

When the fuel injector is in operation, fuel is drawn from a pump through the line? of the nozzle holder and enters at opening 11, flows through the spring * chamber 15 and through radial openings 22 in the bore 17th 1st the valve 26 has been pushed open by the the valve closing gate tension force of the spring 23 was overcome, so the fuel enters through the enlarged bore 19 in the blind hole 36 and through the spray openings 37

If the piston 32 has a pressure medium in the bore 19 throttling seat, the valve 26 is at high frequency while the fuel is flowing through the nozzle tip moved back and forth, this has a favorable influence on the dispersion of the spraying from the openings 37 and leads to an improved combustion of the fuel.

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According to a modified embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the transverse openings 22a in the valve guide 16 are tangential to the bore 17 the valve 26 is maintained; the swirl velocity is increased when the fuel of the nozzle tip, the blind bore 36 33 due to the relatively small diam ^ & - & blind bore 36 reaches, said rotating fuel swirl breaks in the blind bore 36 exiting from the openings 37 fuel into particles smaller size. FIG. 3 also shows a conical transition 38 * on the piston of the Y-valve 26; It has been found that the injector performance is improved by such a transitionFigure 3 also has an alternative fastening by screw thread of the spring seat 25 to the stem 30 of the valve 26, whereby this fastening method increases the need for semicircular locking wedges 27 and a stroke adjusting disk 38 to be provided in the event of failure. In this embodiment, the screw threads are blocked by an anerobic sealant after the desired valve lift adjustment has been made.

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Figure 5 shows an alternative screw fastening of the spring seat 25 with the shaft 30 of the valve 26, a threaded pin 39 being used to follow the screw thread to block the valve lift adjustment made. Figure also shows diagonal grooves 40 in piston 32 and the transition 38 of the Yentile 26. These grooves provide a means of creating a rotating vortex of fuel in the The blind bore 36 of the nozzle tip 33 and can be used as an alternative for the tangential openings 22a according to FIGS be used.

The fuel injector according to the invention can with a Fraction of 4 times the cost of currently available injectors. There are no overlapping passages and its functional parts are permanently assembled in a small capsule; this arrangement can be thrown away or replaced with a new one at a lower cost than the cost of reworking a usual one Fuel injector to be replaced. Since beyond that the nozzle holder does not have any functional parts, but simply a fuel line, it wears out not »is cheap to manufacture and does not require any Maintenance. All that is required for the fuel injector is a line connection, as there are no fuel losses whatsoever occur and since the functional parts in the

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permanently assembled capsule against the *. occurring forces are isolated, the equipment of the injector is immune to interference. The improved fuel injector is characterized by low manufacturing costs, low operating costs for the user, insensitivity to misalignment due to deformation and the
Port case of fuel leakage or leakage and associated sealing.

Claims

009885/0384

Claims (1)

160U09 PAXSHXiKSFBITCHS / 1.) iFuel injection device for internal combustion engines, with a nozzle holder for storage in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, characterized by a fuel feed line (7) and a one-pit z arrangement (9) · Consists of a hollow body provided with a fuel opening (11) and a body inside this body spring-loaded differential valve with a Seat (24) interacts to regulate the fuel supply to a nozzle tip (33), the body »valve, valve loading spring and nozzle tip as a replaceable unit which can be clamped in the nozzle holder (6), the inlet opening (11) in connection with the combustion substance feed line (7) is available. 2 ·) Injection device according to. Claim 1, characterized in that the fuel feed line (7) on the The bottom of the nozzle holder (6) ends, the fuel inlet opening being supported in the upper end of the body of the injector assembly (9), this end of the body is provided with splashing in such a way that when the body is stretched through its flange against the underside of the DU-senhalter the fuel feed line (7) automatically with 009885/0384 - 11 is connected to the fuel inlet port, 3.) Injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve element is a ring valve and has a shaft (30) which at the lower end has a head provided with a conical sealing surface (38 ¹ ), this surface having a seat cooperates on a tubular valve guide (16), and that the head below this sealing surface is equipped with a piston with a fuel throttle seat in an enlarged bore of the guide, with fuel flowing to the valve seat through transverse openings in the wall of the tubular guide and the fuel passing through the throttle piston into a perforated nozzle tip is discharged at the lower end of the body. 4.) Injection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve guide (16) at the lower end with a flange (20) acting against a shoulder of the body with the nozzle tip (33) against the underside the guide via a deformable jacket (15) is braced on the body, which over a shoulder on the Tip (33) is bendable and has a permanent fuel density Creates arrangement of body, guide and tip of the iron. 009885/0384 160U09 5.) Injection device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the »valve element through one interposed between a support (24) on the valve guide (16) and a spring seat (25) on the valve stem Spring loaded, adjustment or replacement means being provided to adjust the extent of migration of the To determine the valve seat and thus the extent of the valve lift. 6.) Injection device according to one of claims 1 to 5 »characterized by devices that have a. cause rotating fuel vortex in the nozzle tip (33). 7.) Injection device according to one of claims 3 to 6 and 6, characterized in that vortex-causing Means are provided in that the transverse openings in the wall of the guide are essentially tangential to the bore the leadership are trained. 8.) Injection device according to claim 6, characterized in that the vortex-forming means of inclined Grooves (22a) formed in the circumference of the piston of the fiing valve are shaped. 0 0-9 885/0384 1801409 - 13 - 9.) Injection device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized by a substantially conical transition (33 *) on the underside of the piston of the Ringven tiles. 009885/0384