DE1596651C

DE1596651C - Melting furnace for continuous melting of optical and other special glasses

Info

Publication number: DE1596651C
Application number: DE19661596651
Authority: DE
Inventors: Heinz Dr χ 6900 Jena Moritz
Original assignee: Saale Glas GmbH, χ 6900 Jena
Priority date: 1966-02-14
Filing date: 1966-02-14
Publication date: 1973-08-23

Description

einrichtung mit einer Tropf-, Walz- oder Profüzieheinrichtung zur rationellen Herstellung aller Spezialgläser, insbesondere optischer Gläser, angeschlossen ist.device with a drip, roller or profile pulling device connected for the efficient production of all special glasses, especially optical glasses is.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes der Erfindung als Beispiel schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigenIn the drawing, an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is shown schematically as an example shown. Show it

Fig. 1 den Schmelzofen mit Läuterrohr im Längsschnitt, Fig. 1 the melting furnace with refining tube in longitudinal section,

F i g. 2 den Querschnitt des Schmelzofens nach der Schnittlinie A-A in F i g. 1,F i g. 2 shows the cross section of the melting furnace along the section line AA in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 den Querschnitt des Läuterrohres nach der Schnittlinie B-B in F i g. 1.3 shows the cross section of the refining tube along the section line BB in FIG. 1.

Ein unter dem Winkel α geneigt angeordneter Kipprohrschmelzofen 1 aus Platin hat auf der einen Seite eine Einfüllöffnung 2 und auf der anderen Seite eine Auslaßöffnung 3. Er verjüngt sich zur Auslaßöffnung hin stufenweise und hat einen flach ovalen Querschnitt. In seinem Inneren sind seinem Querschnitt angepaßte Schikanebleche 4 zur Beeinflussung der Durchtrittsgeschwindigkeit des Rohstoffgemenges angeordnet. Sie verhindern ein zu schnelles Wegschwimmen noch nicht durchgeschmolzenen Gemenges, lassen jedoch durch in ihnen vorgesehene Sieblöcher auch ein genügend schnelles Leerlaufen des Ofens beim Wechsel von einer Glasart zu einer anderen zu. Die Neigung α des Ofens ist entsprechend der Schmelzbarkeit des einzubringenden Schmelzgutes unterschiedlich einstellbar. Der Ofen 1 ist mit einem Isoliermantel 5 umgeben und ruht mit drei entsprechend profilierten ringförmigen Wülsten 7 auf Laufrollen 8, die es ermöglichen, daß der Ofen um seine Längsachse um ± 90°, vornehmlich jedoch im Bereich von ± 45° zur Vergrößerung der dem Gemenge verfügbaren Schmelzfläche hin und her gekippt werden kann. Vor der Einfullöffnung 2 des Ofens ist ein Vorratsbehälter 9 zur Aufnahme des Rohstoffgemenges angeordnet, aus dem es mittels einer Schnecke 10 in den Ofen befördert wird. Unter der Auslaßöffnung 3 des Ofens ist ein Läuterrohr 12 aus Platin mit einem flach ovalen Querschnitt angeordnet, das mit seiner trichterförmigen Aufweitung 13 die Auslaßöffnung 3 umfaßt.A tilting tube melting furnace inclined at the angle α 1 made of platinum has a filling opening 2 on one side and one on the other Outlet opening 3. It tapers gradually towards the outlet opening and has a flat oval cross-section. In its interior are its cross-section adapted baffle plates 4 to influence the Arranged passage speed of the raw material mixture. They prevent swimming away too quickly Mixture that has not yet melted through, but allows it to pass through the sieve holes provided in them also a sufficiently fast emptying of the furnace when changing from one type of glass to another. The inclination α of the furnace depends on the meltability of the material to be melted differently adjustable. The furnace 1 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 5 and rests with three correspondingly profiled annular beads 7 on rollers 8, which allow the furnace to its Longitudinal axis by ± 90 °, but mainly in the range of ± 45 ° to enlarge the mixture available melting surface can be tilted back and forth. In front of the filling opening 2 of the furnace there is a Storage container 9 is arranged for receiving the raw material mixture, from which it is extracted by means of a screw 10 is conveyed into the furnace. A refining tube 12 made of platinum is provided under the outlet opening 3 of the furnace arranged a flat oval cross-section, which with its funnel-shaped widening 13, the outlet opening 3 includes.

Der Schmelzofen läßt sich mittels Hochstromtransformatoren je nach den zu erschmelzenden Gläsern auf Temperaturen bis 1600° C direkt elektrisch beheizen. The melting furnace can be operated by means of high-current transformers depending on the glass to be melted Direct electrical heating to temperatures of up to 1600 ° C.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schmelzofen lassen sich auch kleinere Mengen aller optischen Gläser und Spezialgläser in einwandfreier Qualität wirtschaftlich erschmelzen. Große Schmelzleistungen werden dadurch erreicht, daß das kontinuierlich mit einer Schnecke oder einem Schwingförderer eingebrachteWith the melting furnace according to the invention, smaller quantities of all optical glasses and Melting special glasses in perfect quality economically. Large melting capacities are thereby achieved that the continuously introduced with a screw or a vibrating conveyor

ίο Gemenge in dünner Schicht gleichzeitig von allen Seiten auf einer großen Schmelzfläche erhitzt wird und die Verweilzeit des Gemenges auf der Schmelzfläche durch Veränderung der Geschwindigkeit der Schwenkeinrichtung sowie derNeigung des Kipprohr-ίο Mix in a thin layer from all sides at the same time is heated on a large melting surface and the dwell time of the mixture on the melting surface by changing the speed of the swivel device and the inclination of the

ofens in großen Bereichen entsprechend der Schmelzbarkeit des betreffenden Glases variiert werden kann. Die so erschmolzenen und geläuterten Gläser können zwar in zwei übliche Tiegel einlaufen, von welchen jeweils einer zum herkömmlichen Homogenisieren und Entleeren dient, während der jeweils gerade entleerte Tiegel wieder gefüllt wird. Sie werden aber viel wirtschaftlicher über einen mit Platin ausgekleideten elektrisch beheizten Feder 14 geleitet, in dem das Glas durch mehrere hinter- oder nebeneinandergeschaltete Rührwerke allen Erfordernissen entsprechend homogenisierbar ist. Ein weiterer Vorteil des neuen Schmelzofens besteht darin, daß beliebige Gläser beim kontinuierlichen oder auch beim diskontinuierlichen Verlassen des Auslaufrohres des Feeders in beliebige Profile, z. B. in Gobs, Preßlinge, Walzglas, Barrenglas verformt und anschließend in kontinuierlich arbeitenden Kühlofen spannungsfrei gekühlt werden können.
Ein besonderer Vorteil des bei dem neuen Ofen angewendeten Schmelzverfahrens besteht darin, daß gegenüber den bisherigen diskontinuierlich durchgeführten Schmelzverfahren für optische Gläser, bei welchen oft ganze Schmelzen, z. B. der teuren Flintgläser, wegen Knötchenbildung ausfallen und bei welchen die Schmelzofen immer wieder von den zum Ausgießen der Häfen erforderlichen tiefen Temperaturen auf die hohen Einschmelz- und Läutertemperaturen hochgeheizt werden müssen, beträchtlicheRohstoff- und Energiemengen gespart werden können.furnace can be varied in large areas according to the meltability of the glass in question. The glasses that have been melted and refined in this way can flow into two conventional crucibles, one of which is used for conventional homogenization and emptying, while the crucible that has just been emptied is filled again. However, they are conducted much more economically via an electrically heated spring 14 lined with platinum, in which the glass can be homogenized in accordance with all requirements by several agitators connected in series or next to one another. Another advantage of the new melting furnace is that any glasses in continuous or discontinuous leaving the outlet pipe of the feeder in any profile, eg. B. can be shaped into gobs, pressed parts, rolled glass, bar glass and then cooled without tension in a continuously operating cooling furnace.
A particular advantage of the melting process used in the new furnace is that, compared to the previous batchwise melting process for optical glasses, in which often entire melts, e.g. B. the expensive flint glasses, fail due to the formation of nodules and in which the melting furnace must be repeatedly heated from the low temperatures required for pouring the ports to the high melting and refining temperatures, considerable amounts of raw materials and energy can be saved.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

1 2 extensive utilization of the glass volume obtained. This way proved

1. Melting furnace for continuous smelting to be successful in producing the in large zen of optical and other special glasses 5 pieces of required compacts for spectacle lenses, high quality, in which the raw material mixture · during the production largely preformed from above into the inclined furnace - pressed parts and profiles, each only in small is brought, thereby marked numbers and from the most varied of optical net that the stepped glasses are required towards the outlet, encounters difficulties, wise or evenly tapered oven an io because you don't get each of the about 300 different optiflach has an oval cross-section and can be seen through electrical glasses in a conventional tub Heating is heatable. melting and at the same time economical, d. H. without

2. Melting furnace according to claim 1, thereby large storage can further process.
indicates that the part (1) serving to accommodate the raw rotary kiln with ceramic inner lining made of a corrosive 15 and gas heating for continuous melting of ion-resistant material, preferably made of glass, are already known. However, they could not establish themselves in a precious metal or a precious metal alloy of the glass industry, because the erosive effect of the glass melt flow is strong and surrounded by an insulating agent (S). Corrosion of the refractory material in the gas-fired one

3. Melting furnace after. Claim 1 and 2, there occurs a rotary kiln which is characterized by severe contamination that the inclination of the molten glass results in it.
Longitudinal axis corresponding to the fusibility of the It is also already known to electrically heat ovens for glass melt introduced in different ways. The construction of the beist. · ■ familiar stoves, however, do not offer the option of

4. Melting furnace according to claim 1, 2 and 3, as well as smaller amounts of optical and other characterized by the fact that he is around his longitudinal · special glasses of high quality in continuous

_t ~ axis, preferably to be melted economically in the range from + 45 ° to throughput,

* -45 °, is pivotable. . The invention has the purpose of those listed

5. Melting furnace according to claim 1 to 4, to eliminate the deficiency. It solves the technical problem, characterized in that in the furnace chicane 30 optical glass and other special glasses continuous sheets (4) are built, which the melting lent even in small amounts with low energy mixture on the melting surface of the effort in optical quality to melt.
Distribute the furnace and cause the task set in it to quickly become the melting zone by means of a melted glass. furnace, in which the raw material mixture from above into the

• can leave while inclined furnaces that have not yet been melted through are introduced thereby zenes mixture is held back. solved that according to the invention of the

6. Melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the glass tapers gradually or evenly in that immediately adjacent to the furnace, the furnace has a flat oval cross-section and the refining zone is a slightly inclined area that can be heated by electrical heating
The fixed tube (12) with a flat oval part of the melting furnace, which is used to receive the raw material mixture, expediently consists of a cross-section and a funnel-shaped Aufwei- corrosion-resistant material, preferably of device (13) is arranged above the outlet opening. a precious metal or a precious metal alloy and

7. Melting furnace according to claim 6, characterized by. surrounded by an isolating agent,
indicates that the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the furnace can be set differently to the glass, depending on the meltability of the dripping, rolling or profile drawing device introduced directly to the refining tube 45.
efficient production of all special glasses, in particular it is advantageous if it is connected to its longitudinal special optical glasses. axis, preferably in the range from + 45 ° to - 45 °

Can be pivoted 5 ° from its rest position.
*. Baffle plates can be built into the furnace

. . be that the melted mixture evenly

Distribute on the melting surface of the furnace and cause the glass melted in it to quickly die

The invention relates to a melting furnace to the con-55 melting zone can leave while not yet continuous glass melting, with which one also holds back melted material, Smaller quantities of almost all glasses, especially difficult to ensure perfect quality However, optical glasses can be melted economically, and glasses can be melted without bubbles. and can process it immediately. Partly if directly to the furnace a weak

While in the past optical lenses and prisms inclined below 60, made of a corrosion-resistant material, considerable loss of glass from solid optical e.g. from a noble metal alloy, existing and Glass had to be worked out, later brought a fixed tube with a flat oval cross Pressing selected pieces with a good optical cut is connected as a further refining zone Glass already has a considerable increase in itself with a funnel-shaped widening over the Labor productivity with substantial reduction 65 outlet opening of the furnace pushes and by Kurzder Glass losses. Nevertheless, there was not a lack of final heating that can be heated

efforts to unload the freshly melted liquid glass. In addition, it is advantageous if immediately

to bring it indirectly into the desired shape and a known homogenization