DE1594365A1 - Hydraulic fluid - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS. -4 C η / O η r

DR. -ING. BY KREISLER DR.-ING. SCHÖNWALD DR.-ING. TH. MEYER DR. FUES

COLOGNE !, DEICHMANNHAUS.

Cologne, January 23, 1967 Pu / Ax

The British Petroleum Company Limited '., . Britannic House, Flnsbury öircus, London, EC2 (England)

Hydraulic fluid

The invention relates to hydraulic fluids, which are suitable for use at low temperatures.

Hydraulic ones suitable for use at low temperatures Liquids are required, among other things, to operate cranes mounted on vehicles operating in areas with cold climates are used. In the cold they need hydraulic systems, if hydraulic fluids with poor low temperature properties be used. Since the cranes are normally only used for a short time, there is a long warm-up time a great disadvantage. It also takes place during the warm-up period Blistering takes place, which over time reduces the efficiency of the can seriously affect the hydraulic pump. There are hydraulic fluids that are used in aircraft engines have been developed, however, these are hydraulic Liquids are generally quite expensive. The invention is now directed to a cheap product that is suitable for use at low temperatures.

The invention relates to one for use at depths Hydraulic fluid suitable for temperatures, which

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is characterized by in that it contains a "denormalized" from a gas oil existing base liquid that is admixed with a thickener and viscosity index improving agent of the type of polyacrylates, polymethacrylates or polyolefins in an amount such that the hydraulic fluid "at 37.8 ⁰ C a Viscosity in the range from 5 to 15, preferably 5 to 10 and in particular 5 to 7.5 oS.

. As a "(denormalized gas oil" a gas oil fraction obtained by distilling crude oil is referred to, the normal paraffin content has been reduced sufficiently that the product is an n-paraffin content of less than 10 wt _o -. $, Preferably less than 5 wt "- "The reduction of the n-paraffin content is achieved by treatment with a molecular sieve, but other methods, such as urea adduction, can also be used." carried out »Their purpose is to separate 'fairly pure n-paraffins from the petroleum fractions used. The n-paraffins are usually required as a feedstock for a wide variety of processes for the manufacture of chemical products denormalized gas oil formed as a by-product often in such large quantities as that it cannot be easily removed »According to the invention, an additional use is created for this material,.

The thickening agent and viscosity index improver may consist of the pure polymer: but these Remedies are usually given as concentrated solutions, (.at least 25 Gewo- $) of the polymer in one. ■ easymin er a, * - · ical lubricating oil sold * These concentrates. are to " Use in the hydraulic systems according to the invention, plus they are definitely used -suitable. Polymers are most useful.

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Concentrates with a viscosity number (as defined below) in the range of 3-150 ml / g, especially 10-50 ml / g mixture to obtain the required viscosity in the above range, but _c already 1 wt - ^, when using a composition of very high viscosity sufficient to form a mixture having a low viscosity, and an amount up to 70 wt .- $ can when using an agent with a very low viscosity it may be necessary to form a mixture of high viscosity »The amount of thickener and viscosity index improver used in the hydraulic fluid should preferably be sufficient to increase the viscosity index of the hydraulic fluid to at least 150 ,, ·

The "viscosity number ^{11 of} the viscosity index improver is determined with the aid of the following formula, using viscosity values for a denormalized gas oil and a solution consisting of the denormalized gas oil with 5 g of the viscosity index improver per 100 ml of oil",

_Tr . :, _Λ . ..;., _ ,, [ viscosity of the solution b. 37.8 ⁰ OJ Viscosity number = " ¹ J. ^x

Concentration of the solution in g / ml

/ ' viscosity of the solution at 37 »8 ° G -Λ ^ viscosity of the oil at 37i8" 0 " J

A viscosity index improver is preferably used polymerized esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid with an aliphatic monohydric alcohol containing 4-20 0 atoms Contains in the molecule, used * are products of this type usually commercially available as concentrated solutions of the polymer in mineral lubricating oils "- these solutions

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BATH ORIGINAL

genes have a viscosity of 300-1000 ÖS at 99 ⁰ O and 2000-1QOOO ÖS at -3T ₁ Q ⁰ O. An example of this bind the products with the trade name "Aoryloid 150" and "Acryloid 710" (manufacturer Rohm «b Haas Company Limited). However, polyolefins, in particular polyisobutylene, for example the product of Handel's stretching "Paratone 210", a concentrated solution of polyisobutylene in a mineral lubricating oil with a viscosity of about 650 OS at 99 ⁰ O (manufacturer Esso Petrolmm Company Limited) are also suitable.

The hydraulic fluid according to the invention preferably contains 0 * 01-5% by weight, in particular 0.05 * * 1% by weight. an antioxidant. The most suitable are phenolic antioxidants, in particular the heterogeneous phenols, for example 2-6-1) i-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 4,4 ¹ -Methylene bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) _# , however, aline compounds can also be added as inhibitors, for example phenyl-α-naphthylamine and phenyl-β-naphthylamine, either alone or in combination with phenolic antioxidants.

The hydraulic fluids also very advantageously contain a small amount of, for example, 0.01 to 0.5 wt. # Of a rust inhibitor. All rust inhibitors are suitable ÄUMnylsuccinic acids, alkyl mercaptot acetic acids and alkaryloxyacetic acids.

Another valuable component that can be added to the hydraulic fluid in small quantities is an additive to reduce wear , for example phosphorus-sulfated terpenes, and zinc dithiophosphates of the formula (R ¹ 0) (R ² 0) PS.S.Zn.S.PS (OR ³ ) (OR ⁴ ), wherein R ¹ , R ^? _f Br and R alkyl, alkaryl or aryl radicals with 3-10 O atoms

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are "The crowd is usually between 0.1 and 2 percent _o" - $.

Examples

A number of hydraulic fluids according to the invention which are intended for use at low temperatures suitable »was made up of the components listed in Table 1 manufactured"

Table 1
Ingredients (wt _o - #) mixture

Benormalized gas oil 94.27 93.27 93.27 94.27

{Aoryloidi 50 5.00 5 * 00

VI Ve rbes serer (iorylald 7iiO 6.00

(ParatoiB 210 6.00

Antioxidant %

2,6-pi-tert ~ butyl-p- _o '

cresol 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20

Rust inhibitor "

Alkeny / succinic acid 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

Wear-reducing additive; Trixylyl phosphate 0.50 0.50 0.50

Lubrizol 810 0.50

The denormalized gas oil was obtained by a -Straight-run gas oil fraction of about 20 weight have a boiling range of about 250-30O ⁰ O and an n-paraffin content _o - $ had been treated with a 5A molecular sieve in a known manner so that its n-paraffin content to about 5 wt _o - ^ was lowered ·,

The viscosity index improver, the antioxidant, the rust inhibitor and the wear reducing additives were all commercially available products _{or the like}

909834/1181 BATH

Of the product of the trade name is "Acryloid 150", a clear viskoses- concentrate of a methacrylate in a refined light Mid-Continent-lubricating oil having a viscosity tone 32 cS "at 3798 ⁰ G. The product of the trade designation" Acryloid 710 "1st a clear-viscous concentrate © Ines Aoryl polymers in a high quality solvent-extracted neutral lubricating oil. The trade name "Paratone 210" product is a concentrate of a linear xsobutylene polymer in a lubricating oil. The characteristics of these polymers, including their viscosity numbers, are given in Table 2 below

99 !Tabel CMl Acryloid Paratone 37 Acryloid 710 210 .15 150 700 650 Viscosity at ⁰ C, cS 700 5200 - Viscosity at , 8 ° G, cS 5000 0.89 0.875 ' Spec * weight b .6 / 15.6 ^° C J 0.900 204 * 204 Flash point, ⁰ C 204 6.7 6.7 Pour point, ⁰ C 6.7

Viscosity of the in Schmiei * -

solute oil bfi

37.8 ⁰ G, öS 32 -

37.8 ° C viscosity of the
Solution in denormalized gas oil containing 5 g VI improver per 100 ml
Oil contains, cS 6.98 6.58 5.61

Viscosity number ■ "26.6 23.8 17.4

* When diluted with 3 percent by _e - Deilen oil from. Flash point 2O4 ° C.

The rust inhibitor was an alkeny! Succinic acid of the formula HOOCCH ₂ Gh (R) COOH, where R represents various branched-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals which contain one olefinic double bond each »

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BATH ORIGINAL

The wear-reducing additive "Lubrizol 810" is a Phosphorus and eohulfurhaltiger Kohlenwaeseratoff · Der The sulfur content of this additive is in the range of 30-34 · §eWe * -fS and the phosphorus content in the range of 1 valley 2

.Various properties of mixtures A, B, O and B are listed in Table 3 below. In Table 3 are also called the results of stress tests that with mixtures A and D according to the four-ball test, in which the wear caused by a rotating steel ball stuck against a ring of three clamped, with the hydraulic fluid lubricated balls is pressed, measured for different loads will »The welding load is the highest load at which the four balls have not yet welded together The 2.5 seco eating load is the lowest load in the case of light eating, tiaeetet within 2.5 seconds after the start of the test under this load The mean Hertz load is calculated from the size of the polished surface that is formed with each load will. The method used was the same as that used in In US Federal Test Method Standard No. 791A Method 65OS x 1 Tom 27o7ο 1964- is described with the exception that the farmer individual attempts last 1 minute instead of 10 seconds and selected and no prescribed test loads were applied.

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Tabel mixture 3 A. B. σ D. Viscosity at 99 ° Ö »oS 2.41 2.55 2.11 2.38 Viscosity b · 37, S ⁰ C, ÖS 6.32 6.61 5.57 6.33 Viscosity index - 206 215 185 200 Viscosity bj-l7.8 ⁰ 0
(approximately) », öS 34 31.5 31.5 *
35 Pour point ⁰ C -34.4 -3 & 2 -32 -32 Flash point (closed
Bowl), ⁰ O 89 98 95.6 88 specific weight 0.8425 0.8430 0.8 (20 0.8420 Neutralization number,
mg KOH / g 0.10 0.10 <0.05 0.20 ASTM D665 rust test
(Method B) no
rust no
rust no
rust no
rust Examination with the four
kugeIpruf «advises Mean Hertz Be
load, kg 14.4 26.1 2.5 sec -Preesbe-
load, kg 48 _ 45-50 Sweat load, kg 130 _ 220

♦ Sbctraj polished using a graphical representation of viscosity as a function of temperature.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1,) Hydraulic fluid for low temperature application, characterized in that it is used as the base fluid Contains denormalized oil, which is used as a thickening viscosity-improving agent for polymers in a sol amount that suggests that the viscosity of the hydraulic -._-. Isoften liquid feel 37.8 ⁰ G 5 to 15 * preferably 5 Ms IO cS and the Visosityind®x is at least 150. 2 *). Hfiraülisoh® "liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that ^ © lehnet, because the ITerdiokungs »and Viskos! TXtsverbesee · * raagsmitt ©! a number from 3 to 150 * preferred " w © is @ .from 20 to 50 ral / g Fltssiglf © lfe nmh 'Änsp2? «Csh 1 and S _a g © k © fflBi © iolmet _s üeM' sie - as Polym © ?? ©: Pol ^ aeryX ·· ofler Poly-- t ssmelh tesprueh ^, da4ufeh gekenii «si® as p @ Ifis3i * e Sstsr« i @ i ^s Äeryl · · .o-ier oh® voa aliptiatlielsoa oänMestigen Aiko «boles fiilfe ^: -4 Ms 20« Mt «©» Im Slol <ifelll Liquid wtäsi -teopKaeste 1 jsa <i S ₅ because it contains all Poljmere Folyolefi'ae g®kennsie contains polyisobutylene yf ^ auliaöb ".yitt8" lglwlt lwa & t, Anspeueh X Μ, * '6 ". äaduroh "D & § si" di # PoXysaeFen in Worn one tone rnirmm 9O9 «* 3 4/1 18 1 BAD ORJQiNAt. - "10 - l.) Hydraulic fluid according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is a gas oil fractionator with an n-paraffin content of less than the denormalized gas oil
than 10 0 @ w »£ β & ϋ £ ι & 1 £. Liquid milk according to claims 1 to 8, characterized ie suslfegliöb, antioxidants, rust ^ oirsehXeiS-reducing additives BATH ORIGINAL