DE1588154B2 - DEVICE FOR ADDITIONAL MONITORING OF ELECTRIC ON-BOARD NETWORKS, PREFERABLY OF AIRCRAFT AND SPACE VEHICLES, OVER THE EXISTING PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - Google Patents

Description

3 4

the route to be protected regardless of the location. Furthermore, it is provided that the device with the the error caused by an additional device during subordinate and partially working systems the duration of the work of the short-circuit progression to increase the reliability of the overall network facility is locked. This device also forms a functional unit. By this measure In accordance with the superordinate aspects in FIG. 5, there is no difference in an advantageous embodiment of the invention With regard to the overall network, but only covers a simplification of the overall system in the plant relatively small parts of the network and is accordingly achieved and structure. The proposed review only from partial elements the information on the monitoring device only intervenes if the previous action, whereby this action only applies to a permanent protective device Switching off refers. io tion or if a defined phase further is a procedure for automated digi- failure in the fixed frequency network occurs It is tal network calculation known, with the meshed one of the existing protective devices Networks only with available data Subordinate, additional monitoring device, be formed in order to determine their behavior in certain other which the respective electrical system and a selectively occupied one 15 rated fault shutdown achieved. Changes to the nen. This is a tiered system of overall concepts of the previous protection ^ and Programs for the network calculation with specific monitoring systems are by the erfindungsge ^ Data lists, d. H. "Off line", not required without immediate and moderate setup. All previous Current connection with a real network as switch-on, switch-off and protection criteria are retained, gear size. Protective measures for a real in 20 and the maintenance of the mains supply However, according to this comparison, the protection of individual parts of the system must be shut down not possible at all, as there is no connection whatsoever, although the free decision of the The connection between the network and the calculation process remains paramount to the pilots.

is, which an active intervention - can bring about further advantages of the invention from the fraction of a second - and the following description and the drawing with the other the preparation, implementation and block diagram of an embodiment.
Evaluation of only a single computation run based on the general structure of one of the hours that usually takes (electronic computing aircraft on-board network or a section of the systems 2 [1960], no . 2, pp. 75 to 84). same as it is shown in the block diagram using the example The object of the invention is shown at an on 3 ° of a frequency network and the direction of the type mentioned is that the generators 10, generator contactors 11, the shortcomings of the known devices In a simple primary busbar 12, the secondary busbar and advantageously eliminated, and a busbar 13 and a busbar coupling functionally reliable monitoring of electrical on-board switching device 14, and also a device for networks and their control in the event of a fault for backup supply 15 with their switching device 16 increase reliability of the overall system. The current transformer is 17 and will manage. Current measuring point is denoted by 19, while the voltage measuring points are denoted by 18 according to the invention by converters for di- voltage measuring points. With the right withdrawal of the current at the power generators 10 α , the generally contained in each generator and the voltages on the main busbars, 40 protection and control device is referred to,
The required measured variables, such as voltages and currents taken into defined single-generator voltages, consumer voltages or input variables for downstream transducers for busbar voltages, are also transformed in an adapter into the formation of standard signals that are uniform in the circuit and transformed into a transducer 30, which transducers a load 45 is converted into unit sizes and connected downstream in an evaluation unit, which compares the evaluation unit 40 with adjustable threshold values from adjustable threshold values through output 41 and displays limit value violations as logical signals (yes-no) and a logical binary signal a processing unit 50 is supplied to processing unit so that this leads.

Signals through logical links (And-Or- 50 In detail, the measured variables are according to the following

Not) examined on the one hand for error analysis in the processing criteria:

serving unit and on the other hand, taking into account _r; _ _r .

Consideration of overriding aspects - as with- ο ~ ^u n - ^Δ η>

e.g. the prevention of short-circuit continuation- ^ g ⁼ (Pn i ^ ^ n) üt> ^er t _sec ,

circuit, i.e. the impairment of healthy network 55 U ₀ <CU _n ,

divide by pendulum circuits, furthermore the recognition / ^. / _n>

and disconnection of single-phase and two-phase voltage XJ ^ z TJ

voltage failures or, more generally, preventing HA τι ° '

of incorrect reactions of the existing monitoring, ^v ^ "'

Protection and control equipment from ignorance of the 60 This is

State of the overall network including the gene- jj _G = generator voltage,

rators and the exhaustion of all possibilities yy _ N _ennS pannun <*

for the optimal supply of the consumer - _τι ^ 'assene nominal voltage

Form output signals that in a switching unit m the ⁿ " V v, ro

individual switching commands for the subordinate and 65 scnwaniomgen,

existing partially working systems, such as over- U _n = mains voltage or busbar

monitoring, protection and control units or their voltage,

Switching organs are implemented. U _v = consumer voltage.

The selected criteria are, on the one hand, a determination of the proper operational status (Generator in operation and generator switching »On«) and, on the other hand, a clear analysis is more possible Mains and generator faults with regard to the type of fault and the direction in which the fault is to be sought are possible.

The recording of the selected criteria enables a clear analysis of the error cases in which previous protective devices caused part or total failure of the electrical network and a. Intervention of the new monitoring device is absolutely necessary. It is now that Task of evaluation unit 40, in the form of “yes-no” decisions, to determine which ones where Limit values have been exceeded. This is communicated to the downstream processing unit 50 and enables them to carry out the analysis of the error case already described and to take the necessary measures for optimal utilization of the resulting network situations. These include B .:

a) the connection of the reserve feed-in or its approval or initiation of connection,

b) the renewed connection of the generator,

c) the selective disconnection of large consumers and / or the secondary busbar,

ίο d) shutdown and de-excitation of the generator,
e) Shutdown of the network or power supply unit when it is no longer possible to supply the consumers. The measures selected by the processing unit 50 are converted into commands in a switching unit 60, which are supplied to the switching devices 11, 14, 16 of the network or power supply unit in a corresponding form, for example with regard to frequency.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (2)

Patent claims · The level of reliability depended on the error case. Using the example of an electric aircraft 1. Device for the additional, the forehand network, the disadvantages that have occurred up to now are shown and explained on the higher-level protective devices. If, for example, the monitoring of on-board electrical systems as well as the generator-fed consumer power supply units short-term - the interaction of individual power supply units is resolved, the associated control, which is still fully radio-influencing, in the event of a fault, is capable of functioning generator through undervoltage protection identified by a converter (17 ) to be switched off and the faulty network switched over to drawing the electricity directly from the reserve network assigned to it. In or generate (10) and the voltages on the io two-phase voltage failures in the consumer network main busbars (12,13), furthermore in this case neither are detected nor eliminated by an adaptation device (20), which takes the taken, but this is special in a fixed-frequency network Voltages and currents in defined input - serious, because vital consumer sizes for downstream transducers (30) in these cases have a very dangerous error behavior for the formation of uniform standard 15. An error progression, as it is transformed in the case of signals, which transducers of a network short circuit to the reserve feed (30) is followed by an evaluation unit (40) or their power supply, can be difficult, however, which have serious consequences if adjustable thresholds are exceeded. For example, values can be achieved by outputting logical signals (yes-no), among other things, in the event of a short circuit in a and a logical processing unit 20 variable frequency network, in which the error between (50) has been supplied so far, in such a way that these signals can be seen through the two feeding generators and logical links (and-or-not) are switched on and thus both variable network parts are used for error analysis in the processing unit with any additional emergency (50) that may be present and, on the other hand, are periodically de-energized, taking into account superordinate aspects - as with - 25 contactors each switch the surge short-circuit current, for example to prevent short-circuits - welding of the switching contacts occurs,
further switching, i.e. the impairment in the cases of pendulum switching in variable sunder power supplies through pendulum circuits, furthermore the frequency network is the supply through an emergency Detection and disconnection of single-phase and generator either not possible at all, or they Two-phase power failures or quite generally 30 are constantly being undermined in the rhythm of the pendulum frequency the prevention of false reactions of the rupture. If a short circuit occurs in the fixed frequency network, Existing monitoring, protection and regulating devices to increase the reliability in the variable devices A reserve feed is available due to ignorance of the state of the frequency network Entire network including the generators (10), the pendulums are and the exhaustion of all possibilities to circuit this error in the variable frequency network optimal supply of consumers - off and on the emergency rails initiated and thereby the Form output signals that brought the entire electrical system to failure in a switching unit (60) in the individual switching commands for the after- This means that flight safety is classified quite considerably and existing partially working people Systems (e.g. 10 a), such as monitoring, protection 40 In the cases of single or two-phase voltage and control units or their switching devices (e.g. voltage failure show the consumers that are implemented in three phases 11,14,16) . or are supplied by several networks, a faulty 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by behavior that lead to the loss of flight safety indicates that the facility can work with the . ordered and partially working systems 45 From the German Auslegeschrift 1030 914 a (z. B. 10 a) to increase the reliability of the mesh network for multiple feed with selective Ab-Gesamtnetzes forms a functional unit. switching of malfunctioning power supply units to the power supply supply of ships became known, according to which each Consumer group with three or more feed lines - 50 gen is powered and each of the power supplies The invention relates to a device serving generator at least one feed line to the additional, the existing protection device, which feeds each consumer group, is assigned to superordinate monitoring of electrical with each feed line via a current limit on-board network - preferably from air and room power switch or a fuse to the vehicle - as well as to - the interaction 55 assigned and influencing each of the individual power supply units to be fed - control in the consumer groups or the partial faults assigned to them. ■ busbars are connected. In this general, the focus of the conceptual facility has been on the reliability of the conception of protective devices, the value maintenance system passively through linear redundant construction of parts of a network and only in the second 60 tially fixed, but it is not possible here for one line the maintenance of consumer supply. In an aircraft, for example, however, the higher-level activation of a monitoring system with regard to the flight safety of the supply unit must be actively established without a passive constructive consumer being present to protect individual redundancies.
Power supplies must be given priority. 65 Furthermore, a device for short circuit continuation has not yet been attempted to fully exploit the possibilities of the circuit with superimposed selective protection from the supply of an on-board electrical system in the case of German patent specification 903 838. The work of all selective protection devices