DE1575860A1 - Adjustment device for hydraulic brakes - Google Patents

Description

PtttnUnwett Dipl.-Ing. Karl WeSSel θ Munich, March 1, 198?

8 Müncnen 15 HoHenttoulenstr. % Tel. S5t111

My sign? P0US-508I

Ford Motor Company

DEARBORN / Michigan / USA

The American Road

"Adjustment device for hydraulic hearing

For this registration, the priority of the registration becomes Se, No, 552 562 of May 24, 1966 in the United . States of North America claim pjenonmen "

The present invention relates to a hydraulically operated brake with an adjustment device that is controlled by the Changes in pressure of the fluid when the brake is operated »The adjustment device results in an adjustment not only for the main brake actuated by the fluid, but also for a mechanical or liquid operated one HiJfabremse, such as a parking brake or a Secondary brake of a two-circuit brake system. The invention is particularly beneficial for disc brakes.

Disc brakes are used in automobiles and other vehicles primarily because it is the brains process best derive generated hits and therefore a «.rr ^; -. ^ - arena« ' iapazitfit in remaining old TromraaIbreflux possess «Da

fi09i | 3/0 »» · "bad ORIGINAL

Disc brakes do not have the automatic self-energizing function Have drum brakes acting, sp is for the main brake a greater hydraulic efficiency and for the mechanical Parking brake, which is used in connection with this, requires greater mechanical efficiency. Small movements of the brake shoes turn into big movements the brake pedal or the parking brake lever implemented by the high hydraulic and mechanical benefits, so that a precise adjustment of both the main brake and the parking brake is essential for an unrelated braking process.

As a result of the required subsequent accuracy, the Adjustment device for disc brakes from friction parts associated with the brake cylinder, which allows free movement of the piston when he puts the brake shoe in the brake position moves and which detect the piston when it moves back to assume a new rest position in which the Wear balanced 1st. The wear and tear and weakening this frictional adjuster reduces the life of the adjuster, unless specifically specified expensive materials are used for construction.

In addition, it is two-fold, an auxiliary braking device to be combined with the operating cylinder of the main brake and thereby creating an overall brake cylinder arrangement. In the meantime this is usually not possible when braking,

which use rubbing adjusters, well! A separate adjustment device is required for the half-brake and the parking brake, since auxiliary brakes are used less often

909883/098 5 _{oraG1NAUNSPECTE} D

In a total brake cylinder arrangement with a separate friction adjustment device, such a device quickly loses the setting and, if necessary, cannot produce the desired braking effect. As a result, the disc brakes have not found the most widespread use, unless one Main brake and a parking brake are required

The adjustment device in a brake according to the invention not only adjusts a parallel brake device that is associated with the The operating cylinder of the main brake forms a unit, but simultaneously and precisely adjusts the main brake. As well as Drum brakes as well as disc brakes can use the adjustment device. However, the invention is particular Valuable for disc brakes where the accuracy of the adjustment is essential and where the necessity an adjustment device that can be used with an overall braking device, is large »

In the case of a hydraulically operated brake cylinder according to the invention, there are devices that respond to fluid pressure provided to move a brake shoe from a rest position in dl « To bring contact with the braking surface * The adjustment device consists of a thread device, welohe dl The rest position of the device which responds to liquid pressure is fixed, as well as an adjusting device, dl · through Changes in the fluid pressure is actuated, the dl Winding device for Xndrung the rest position rotates, wherein the wear of the brake shoe is compensated · Individual Aus *; guide forms of the brake cylinder »according to the invention prevent

909883 / 09-5

also a match,

Further details of a brake according to the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings, on which show:

Fig. 1 is a section through the rear axle of a vehicle with the wheel, which has an inner cylinder for a caliper disc brake represents, which forms a unit with a parking brake device and an adjusting device according to the Invention contains.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial section along line 2-2 of the Fig. 1, which represents the mounting bracket for the brake.

Flg. 3 shows an enlarged cross section of the brake cylinder according to FIG Fig. 1, which shows the liquid pressure chamber with the adjustment device located therein,

Fig. T] and 5 another embodiment of the adjustment device, It often requires fewer parts and a finer adjustment effect Has.

Flg. 6 a further embodiment of the adjustment device, in which there is no residual force that the brake shoe has in contact with the disc when it is in the rest position.

In the case of the rear wheel shown in FIG. 1, one holds axle shafts

909883/098 5 .. ,, ..... _MAL "

housing 10 an Achswellel2, which is stored in the usual catfish 1st (not shown) »The axle shaft 12 protrudes from the end of the Gehftuses 10 and forms a splash 14, the attached to the wheel disk 16 and to a wheel disk carrier l8t The usual tire 20 sits on the wheel disk 16, The disk carrier 18 sltit within the wheel disk 16 and has a curved cross-section which opens inwardly towards the Aohswellengehäuse 10 * By means of conventional screwed-in fastenings 24, an annular disk 22 is inside dee curved part of the sole carrier 18 attached.

A mounting bracket 26 which appears T-shaped in the Pig, I, is fastened by bolts to the shaft housing 10 by means of screws 28. A brake cylinder, denoted by 30 1st, is slidably disposed on the transverse portion of the support 26 in a manner shown in detail in Figure 2. Of the Brake cylinder 30 consists of a pressure chamber housing 32 with a C-shaped tong arm 34, which goes into the interior of the opening of the sole plate carrier 18 extends and ends at the side of the brake disk 22 opposite the housing 32. A Piston 36, which is surrounded by tiner dust sleeve 38, occurs on the outside of the housing sliding with respect to the disk 22 emerged. Br ··· jaws 40 and 42 are attached on the one hand to the tong arm 34 and on the other hand to the piston 36 and can Touch the sides of the disc 22. A hydraulic ·· pipe 44 connects the interior · d · «Oehlu ··· 32 with the usual master cylinder (not shown).

An arm 46 protrudes from the inner end of the housing 32

9 0 9 8 8 3/0 98 5 ₀ - _{; omAL} inspected

Angle protrudes on one side and an arm 48 radially on the other side. On the arm 46, a parking brake lever is pivotally supported on a pivot pin 52 50 and extends across the inner end of the housing 32 and terminates adjacent to the arm 48. The lever 50 has a support 5 ¹ I on the central part for the Edde of a pin 56 protruding from the housing 32. The pin 56 is surrounded by a dust jacket 58. The inner end of a pull cable 60 is attached to the arm 48 and the outer dumbbell 64 of the cable is attached to the end of the lever 50. A spring 66 seated over end 62 between arm 43 and lever 50 urges lever 50 away from arm 48.

The end view of the support 26 in FIG. 2 shows that the transverse portion of the T has a cutout portion 68 which opens against the disc 22 3. On the opposite sides of the cutout 68, grooves 70 and 72 are provided, which are opposite to corresponding grooves 74 and 76 in the feet of the housing 32 which fit into the cutout 68. An elongated shaft 78 fits the opening formed by the grooves 70 and 74 and a corresponding shaft 80 fits between the grooves 72 and 76. Pins 82 and 8 pass through the ends of the shafts 78 and 80 and through the support 26 * lindurch, in order to hold the shafts 78 and 80 in your position · »· The Gehtue · 32 can slide in course paths parallel to the rotation of the soleplate 22 on the shafts 78 and 80, but is driven by a substantial movement in a different direction the waves held back.

909883/0986

As shown in Fig. 3, the housing 32 has a bore 86 parallel to the axis of rotation of the disk 22. The piston 36 is seated sliding in the end of the bore 86 which extends against the Disc opens and an end closure 88 sits on a shoulder 90 'to close the opposite end. A Spring ring 92 holds the end cap 8R in place and an O-ring seal 9 * 1 and 96 seals the surfaces between the Bore P6 and the end cap 88 and the bore 86 and the Piston 36 off. The bore 86 with the piston 36 and the end cap 88 form a pressure chamber 98 through an inlet 100 hydraulic fluid is supplied. The pipe 44 according to Pig. I. is attached to the inlet 100, but has been omitted from FIG.

A screw device 102 is arranged in the pressure chamber 98. The screw device 102 consists of a first screw part 104 which is attached to the piston 36 and de engages in a screw part 106. The second screw part 106 carries a corrugated wheel 108 on the one in the piston 36 at the nearest end and a beveled opening 110 on the opposite end. The opening 110 has a larger diameter than the threaded part of the screw part 106, so that a shoulder 112 is created. One hole 114 in the '. -Rand of the screw part 106 stands with the opening 110 between the shoulder III and the end of the part 104 in connection.

The pin 56 passes through a bore in the end cap SO through it and slid into the opening 110, it is seated

909883/0985 or! C!?.? Al inspected

when the fluid pressure in the chamber 98 1st low on the shoulder 112th An O-ring seal 116 seals the area between the pin 56 and the end cap 88. A pawl 118 is seated on the pin 56 so that it can pivot about a pin 120. The pawl 118 has an arm 122 which touches the corrugated wheel 108 and a second arm 12 * 1 which rests against the inner hook of the end closure 88. A U-shaped spring 128 rests against the end closure 88 and a shoulder 130 of the pawl 118 to urge them into a position in which the first arm 122 is substantially parallel to the axis of the screw device 102.

If the brake shown in FIG. 3 is not actuated, the fluid pressure in the chamber 98 is essentially zero. The low energy in the spring 128 presses the brake shoes iJO and k2 slightly into contact with the disc 22, thereby preventing dust or dirt from accumulating on the braking surfaces of the disc 22, thereby not decorating the vehicle. When the main brake of the vehicle is applied, the fluid pressure in the chamber 93 rises, as a result of which the piston % is activated in order to tighten the brake shoes Ί2. The resamte Bremszyllndervorrlchtung 30 slides on the shafts 78 and BO to the braking force exerted by the jaw 42, is compensated by the braking force by the jaw ¹ IO on the opposite side of the disc 22nd

The fluid pressure in the chamber 90 also spills over the bore 114 at the lower ^ nde of the pin 56, whereby dor pin 56 to piston 36 in the opposite direction

909883/0985 _BAD original

is moved »This movement of the pin 56 acts via the outer arm 124 of the pawl II8 on the first arm 122 to the right in the direction of the pig. 3, thereby absorbing additional energy from the spring 128. If the pressure in the chamber '98 is released, the pin 56 moves back against the shoulder 112 and the arm 122 moves backwards into its rest position, whereby uv grips the corrugated wheel 108 and rotates the wider screw part 106 relative to the first screw part 104 .

For constructions where the o-rings 94, 96 and 116 cannot prevent the piston 36 and pin 56 from rotating, there may be grooves in the surface between the bore 86 and the piston 36 and between the end cap 88 and the pin 56 may be provided to prevent these parts do not turn. The relative rotation of the screwed parts in the screw connection 102 moves the second screw part 106 a small distance axially against end cap 88, thereby increasing the distance between shoulder 112 and piston 36 enlarged and results in a new rest position of the piston 36, in which the wear of the brake shoes 40 and 42 during the braking process is balanced.

The parking brake is actuated when a conventional parking brake lever, which is attached to the other end of the cable 60, is moved so that the part 54 of the lever 50 with the end of the pin 56 comes into contact. The caused by this movement of the pin 56 v; ith over the shoulder 112 and the screw 102 and the KOLBON au 36 * (Ue brake shoes 'IO' and tiber 42 carry Normally Is t is the energy of the spring.

909883/0985 ORIGINAL inspected

- ίο -

if the pawl 118 is in the rest position, not sufficient, to twist the screw parts 10 * 1 and 106 to each other, ao that no adjustment occurs while the parking brake is being applied.

The brake is always applied when the pawl 122 in the position according to PIf. 3 can return by doing the Corrugated wheels 108 touches to rotate the screw part 106. If no setting is required, has the pin 56 moves slightly upwards and the arm 124 has the Pawl II8 is pivoted so that the arm 122 is at an angle to the lower right corner of the drawing, while the piston is at rest. When the brake pressure in the chamber 98 pivots the pawl 118 much more counterclockwise, while the arm 122 touches the small wheel 108 on its return not until jaw wear is such that pin 56 can move back into the position shown and the arm 122 can adjust the wheel 108 again.

Figures h and 5Veine brake cylinder arrangement? 30 ^f , which has fewer parts than the brake cylinder assembly 30 and allows a finer adjustment, as well as prevents over-alignment. Mach? Is ;. ¹ I is the screwing * ^f of a first screw part 104 102 which contacts the plunger 36 'when this is in the rest position is, however, not attached to it. The part 10'P has grooves on its entire surface. The zvrc.lbe screw part 106 'is screwed into the first screw part XOh · and passes through the end closure ^Λ 3'. It ends before the approach 5h of lever 50. 909883/0985

BAD OfVGlNAL

The pawl 1ΐ8 · has a semicircular upper part 12M, which partially runs around the screw part 106 »and forms lugs 130'a and 130 * b at its ends» The pawl 118 »is pivotably arranged on the screw part 106 · on beldan Sides through the pin 120 ·, along the length of the screw table 10 * 1 *, two first arms, which are designated with 122 * a and 122'b, run downwards. Tabs 123 'a and 123 b ^f projecting in opposite directions from the ends of the arms 122'A and 122'b, the grooves touching de "rope-engaged ΙΟΊ! on opposite sides when the fluid pressure in chamber 98 is low.

As shown in Fig. 5, HTB touches a preamble 132 on the semi-circular portion 124 'of the end closure BB ^1, The ^ Eder 12P ¹ is attached to the approach 130'a of the semicircular portion 12'P and makes a wide loop around the pin 120 "back to the open side of part 12 '!!" Pie leads to the opposite side, while it rests on the end closure ^ - ^c ^', where the same design is repeated and where the ^ edor is repeated at the attachment 130'b is appropriate

^T / hen the liquid pressure in chamber 9? According to Pig, U the piston 36 'moves the disk 22, so there is a distance between the screw part 10 * 1 ^f and the piston 36'. The fluid pressure then acts on the bottom of the screw part 102 *, whereby the screw part 102 'is moved opposite to the direction of the piston 36 *. This movement works

909883/0985

IO / OOOU

by the projection 132 so that the arms 122 * a and 122'b on one side of the screw part ΙΟΊ ^{1 are} moved _# whereby the spring 128 * absorbs energy. During the movement, the tab 123 * b on the arm 122 * b engages the grooves of the screw part 10 * 1 · and rotates it in relation to the screw part 106 ». If the fluid pressure is reduced in the chamber 98, so the rearward movement detected Army 122 · a tab 123 ^f a with the grooves on the opposite side of the screwed Eilee 10 ¹ I ¹ and sets the screw 102 * eum second time per brake actuation · frequent settings require a smaller amount of movement per setting and therefore a finer setting is achieved. In the embodiment according to FIGS. K and 5, if no adjustment is necessary, the pin 120 has moved a short distance upwards, so that the arms 122 a and 122 ^f b to the lower right

Corner of the drawing (Flg. 5) indicate when the piston is iryfter Rest position.

The actuation of the parking brake lever 50 in the Zfrlinder design 30 'is similar to that of the construction according to FIG. 3 and is therefore not repeated. Alignment cannot occur in the case of the cylinder design 30 * because the piston 36 'has to move a certain distance before the liquid pressure can act on the screw part 102 * at the bottom.

6 shows a brake cylinder ^device 30 lf, which does not cause any reet force to act on the brake shoes MO and '12, as is provided for the two cylinder devices 30 and 30 *, which prevents an upper setting and which

909883/0985

which has a different construction of the parking brake lever. In the case of the brake cylinder device 30 ″, the screw device 102 ″ sits in the chamber 98 and consists of a first screw part 104 ″ which ^{sits on the piston 36 11} when the latter is in the rest position. The first screwed 10 * 1 "has a corrugated needle 108" on its outer surface next to the piston end 36 ". A second screw part 106 * * engages the first screw part 104 *» in screw turns and passes through the end closure 88 ^fl .

An L-shaped pawl 118 ″, which is articulated by means of the pin 120 ″, is seated pivotably on the piston 36 ^tf. The pivot pin 120 ^ * passes through the junction of the first arm 122 "and the second arm 12 ¹ I" which form the L-shape of the pawl 118 ". The first arm 122" has a tab 134 which is punched out at its lower end and which can engage in the corrugated wheel 108 ^f. The second arm 12 ¹ J ″ has a short projection 136 which projects at right angles perpendicular to the first arm 122 ″ and the second arm 124 ″ At the top, reverses in the direction and runs along the second screw part 106 ", around the pivot pin 120" and its other end is fixed in the first arm 122 ".

Increased fluid pressure in chamber 98 moves the piston 36 "and the pivot pin 120" attached to it down to Tighten the hoes 40 and 42 on the disc 22, Mach initial movement of the piston 36 "engages the fluid

909883/0986 0F.iCiii.-v .. i, \ srOTED

pressure also under the screwing device 102 ", whereby the screwing device 102" cannot ^{move with the piston 36 "f} . The movement of the pin 120" relative to the screwing device 102 "moves the first arm 122" to the left, as a result the action of the spring 128 "*, The tab 134 can slide over the corrugated wheel 108 * during this movement, so what?" no rotation of the screw part 104 "occurs. If the fluid pressure in the chamber 93 decreases, the arm 122" moves back into its rest position. During this backward movement, the tab 134 grips the corrugated wheel 108 ", so that the first screw part 104" is rotated relative to the second screw part 106 ". The first screw part 104 ^f »is in the axial direction against the disk 22 by this rotation; moved, whereby a new rest position for the piston 36 "is brought about, by which the wear of the brake shoes 40 and 42 is compensated. An excessive position is prevented with the cylinder device 30" in the same way as with the cylinder 30 ¹ , except when the brake does not require adjustment, the piston 36 "does not move far enough to the adjustment arm 122" via a tooth of the knurled wheel 108 '. In contrast to the other embodiments, the arm 122 "runs parallel to the screw part 106"'self' .renn kelno setting is required.

The top surface of the end cap PB "has a Protrusion 133 with a schiita 140 in the surface. In the slot 140 is a parking brake lever 50 'pivotable by means of a pin 52 »stored. The lever has an opening

909883/0985

1Ί2, which can capture the top end of a second screw part 106 ^ft. A ball 144 is movably seated in the upper end of the opening 14C. The sides of the opening 142 are flattened in order to receive the flattened surfaces IkS at the upper end of the second screw part 106 ″, as a result of which rotation of the second screw part 106 ″ during the actuation of the adjustment device is prevented.

The end 62 of the pull cable device 60 is attached to the other end of the lever 50 '. The jacket of the pulling cable 60 is not shown in FIG. It is attached to a stationary part of the axle device, for example to the axle shaft housing 10. The parking brake is then actuated when the cable 62 of the allocation device 60 moves the lever 50 ^{counterclockwise around the pivot pin 52 f} , as a result of which the ^{brake jaws} UO and 42 are moved against the disk 22 via the screw device 102 if.

The fluid pressure at which the adjustment is made can be changed in the brake cylinder devices according to the invention by the surface within the opening 110des Pin 56 of the brake cylinder 30 or the surfaces of the screw devices 102 'and 102 "which is the piston 36' and 36" in the brake cylinders 30 'and 30 "touch, can be changed. By changing the tension properties of springs 128 ' and 128 ", the fluid pressure at which the brake is applied can also be changed The setting each time the setting device is actuated is determined by the pitch of the thread of the screwing devices 102,

909883/0985 _0RIG1NAL INSPECTED

102 'and 102 ", the number of incisions in the peripheral R" .dchen ΙΟ ⁵¹ and 1OV so'-rie the number of! Tuten der, ochraubteiles-OK'! ¹ - controlled.

The invention thus creates a hydraulically operated cylinder with an adjusting device which responds to the inderun.ven des ^ri l-'lp, si7ke: ltf3druc ¹ 'e? ·. In the cylinder and which in the la- ^ e, both the Hauptbrer ^ e and a herewith a "nit pictures ^ e ^TT ilfsbren3vorrichtung set _t the" r? influn ~ is especially important for "cheibenbrensen valuable, they ropelbnt a ^r- enauere Einstellunf em '' ^ light So ^ -rie a ο ine unit forming ^ rensylinderl'onRuhtion, in which a mechanical or by ^ IHssi ^ - 'eit bet ^ .ti, Tte Parlcbrense with a liquidity het ^ ti ^ ten Hauntbrense is honored.

The F.rfindunc is not limited to the ones shown Constructions, but modifications are possible without to step out of the flags of thanksgiving.

909883/0985 ^ ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

Ans n rj'tehe 1, adjusting device for brake shoes, which is controlled by a lower component under liquid pressure to the "-3rensurface" a rest position pressed out v / earth, characterized in that the rest position of the component (3 $) by a screw device (102) is fixed by one of the Pressure changes of the "liquid actuated adjuster (118) second change in the rest position of the component (36) adjusted will, 2, adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized crekennzeichnet as ^ the brake shoe (^ 12) by a Jiilfsvorrlchtun: (50) from the rest position to the Brensflache to ^ EDR "c:! T can vavuen. 3, adjusting device according to claim 2, characterized in that r; el: denotes that the braking surface is a disc rotated with the. ^ ahr7, eu? wheel (22) is h _t adjustment device according to claims 1 bl-? 3 »characterized by there. ^r 6 the component under fluid pressure consists of a housing (32) with a pressure chamber (9-) and a piston (36) located in the pressure chamber (98), movable between the rest position and the braking position, which by the fluid pressure pushes the brake shoe ( '! 2) brings it into contact with the braking surface » 909883/0985 • - le - 5. Adjustment device according to Claims 1 to H _t dr.durch characterized in that ° - the screwing device --- · (102) consists of screw parts (lO'l) and (lo £) which can be screwed into one another, one of which is the piston (36) touches and determines its ^ uhela-e, while an adjusting device · (11 °) adjusts the elnon screw part (lo ¹ !) Sweeps the other screw part (Io6). 6. adjusting device; according to claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that the ^ screw parts (10 * 1 and 106) can be screwed into one another within the pressure chamber (9 ^) and that the auxiliary device consists of a screw part reaching into the pressure chamber (9 °) and against a screw part (106) more supportive. Pin (5 ^), as well as a parking brake lever (50), which presses the 3rens shoe (i »2) on the braking surface. 7. Machstellvorrichtun ^ according to claim 1 big n, characterized in that the adjusting device · consists of a pawl articulated to the "tift (5 ^), which has a screw (122) at the Sciv.ienkbewesunp; the one screw part (106) twisted and with a second Arn (12 ^] 0 rests against the housing (32), ur to rotate in one direction, and which is pivoted back by a spring (128), and that a device is provided to increase the pressure in the pressure chamber ( 93) to move the pin (56) a little, enough to move the second arm (124) in one direction, the spring (128) swinging it back so that the fluid pressure to carry out a complete swivel motion. 909883/0985 3; Adjusting device according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that "the edge (12 °") is fixed on the one cortex of a .screw · part C1O'4 ") and there ° _; the pawl (113 * ») is pivotably attached to the piston (3 ^ ¹¹ ) and nit the one screw (122") twisted the one screw part (10 * 1 * '), in front of the teder (12 ⁰ I ") Rieh -esen puts on the other arm (12'I *») of the latch (118 ^ir ) and a chuenkbeuecunr of the latch (ll ^{0 0 1} ) in the event of a pressure drop and pressure drop in the pressure chamber (9 ?). IEal »ORiGiNAL 909883/0985 Blank page