DE1567027C - Herbicides - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the use of potassium azide as a herbicide. Potassium azide is used as a herbicide known active ingredients such as sodium azide, 2,4-D and GIPC, surprisingly superior. \ -

According to the invention, potassium azide is used either alone or together with other chemical compounds for controlling undesirable plants used. Potassium azide is additionally used according to the invention also used to supply nutrients to crops. A single application of Potassium azide is preferred as both a herbicide and a fertilizer.

Potassium azide is a crystalline solid which is easily soluble in water and ^{stable at all temperatures up to its melting point (350 °} C.). Aqueous solutions, namely very dilute to saturated solutions, are very stable. For example, solutions containing 250 grams of potassium azide in 750 grams of water were stored in sealed containers at room temperature for more than a year without significant decomposition.

Further, as the alkali azide solution, solutions of potassium azide are known to have a remarkable additional bactericidal, nematocidal and fungicidal effects. They are also used as defoliants and suitable for regulating the growth of plants or parts of plants. As in more detail below is described, the application of the azide to the soil, the plant or the part of the plant is often carried out in other form than in the form of an aqueous solution, e.g. B. in the form of dust, crystals, granules, Suspensions etc.

It is surprising because of the stability of potassium azide in solid form and in aqueous solution and unexpectedly that wet solid potassium azide or an aqueous potassium azide solution after contacting with soil or other media that contain the microorganisms commonly found in the soil easily breaks down into phytonutrients. Soil microorganisms that are capable of are able to decompose potassium azide are usually found in the air. As a result, they tend to migrate from the air onto surfaces, media and equipment intended for agriculture, such as B. non-soil seed beds, such as vermiculite, sawdust, straw, gravel, etc., harvested or growing crops or parts of plants and storage and shipping containers.

The time it takes the potassium azide to decay after it hits the ground or another that Exposure to medium containing microorganisms in a moist state depends on many factors from, e.g. B. the amount of azide applied per unit area, the density of the for the decomposition of the Potassium azides are responsible for microorganisms in the soil, and those in the soil or other media the prevailing temperature, humidity and chemical conditions. The potassium azide, which according to the Applied to various embodiments of the invention is essentially completely disintegrated within a few days to weeks, rarely more than 30 days after application to the ground. Potassium azide applied to the soil at an amount of 2.24 to 560 kg / ha typically disintegrates completely within 3 to 15 days of application to the ground.

According to one embodiment of the invention, potassium azide is used for weed control "before germination" So, potassium azide is used on the floor

.Γ after the. Useful plants have been sown; however before applied to the breaking through of the crop seedlings through the soil; That way it becomes effectively eliminates weeds closer to the surface of the earth than the crops. When the crop seeds planted well below the surface of the soil, d. H. more than 2.54 to

ίο two inches, is a single application of potassium azide in an amount of up to 28 kg / ha, rarely more than 112 kg / ha, suitable / if the useful plant seeds in -A depth of less than 2.54 cm below the surface of the earth is the recommended one Amount for a single application of potassium azide less than 28 kg / ha, e.g. B. about 2.24 to about 22.4 kg / ha. It is possible to use larger or smaller amounts or to treat several times. In any case, the amount of potassium azide applied should be sufficient to keep the

* To inhibit weeds without adversely affecting the growth of the crops.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, potassium azide is used prior to planting the Crop plants brought to the ground. Sufficient time is then allowed to pass in which the azide until a 'harmless concentration is reached with the formation of plant nutrients decomposes before the crops are sown.

Relatively small amounts of potassium azide; H. about 2.24 to about 22.4 kg / ha, is usually enough to get that Effectively preventing the growth of annual weed seeds. Useful plants can in general within a short period of time, e.g. B. about 1 to 5, rarely more than 10 days after application these relatively low doses of potassium azide can be planted. If desired, widely used annual or perennial weed plants or effectively killing an area of from the Plants and germs protruding from the ground as well as seeds and roots and tubers located in the ground and other parts of annual and perennial plants capable of reproduction, larger amounts, e.g. About 28 to 560 kg / ha is used. These high doses are also effective in killing wooden plants, shrubs and tendrils as well as fungi, nematodes, soil insects and microorganisms away. Large amounts of potassium azide are especially useful for reprocessing agricultural crops Areas infested by weeds and / or other pests are suitable. Well developed Roots that protrude 61 to 122 cm into the ground are killed in this way. Amounts of more than 560 kg / ha fall within the scope of the invention, but are rare for economic reasons he wishes. .

It is sometimes beneficial to apply potassium azide to crops after they have taken off the ground to step. In this way, some families of weeds are selectively killed without affecting the useful plants noticeably damaged. It was found that broad-leaved plants of the herbicidal * Effects of potassium azide are more exposed than narrow-leaved plants. Accordingly, can Potassium azide can be used in crops to remove weeds, especially to control annual weeds that have not become so established have like the crops. In midsummer

If, for example, well-developed crops are tolerated in a similar manner, the production of alfalfaoft potassium azide dosages νόΐϊ 224 kg / h or more. seeds by defoliation of the alfalfa plants from significantly lower amounts of potassium azide, e.g. B. improved about threshing. Much higher potassium 2.24 to about 112 kg / ha effectively kills weeds. break the crops have emerged. that the potassium azide either other herbicidal We-So will weeds that. after cultivation, or in addition to "treating or treating a field of crops with a defoliation of the plants in the field, herbicide has emerged and no plant nutrients are yet to be added,"
strong roots have developed, effective and w The protection of the seeds and the delayed germination selectively from a crop field by seeds are achieved by killing potassium application of potassium azide dosages, usually in the form of a powder, a dip which is substantially below the for the useful plant yield or spray means applied directly at the sowing, borrowed amount. When the crops essential The azide inhibits the germination and kills the fungi, borrowed more slowly attack the, verwird than the weeds, i which ₅ normally the right germination and infested the area under cultivation of crops then growth of the seed and / or seedling Prevent potassium azide from being most beneficial relatively soon. Subsequently, the potassium azide applied after the weeds breaks through the soil into a harmless plant nutrient, ie: compounds containing potassium and nitrogen, breaks down

According to a further embodiment of the invention, stimulate the growth of the seedling. In the manure, potassium azide, like other herbicides and seeds, is used in a sufficient amount of potassium azide to kill the undesired fungi used as a means of regulating plant growth. So is potassium azide as a powder, spray. However, care must be taken to ensure that the azide dosage is applied below that of the seed or solution to the corresponding part of the plant in order to remove buds, flowers, runners, e.g. B. 25 is no longer tolerated amount. In this process, however, azide is added to the tobacco sprouts or fruits of growing plants in an amount sufficient to kill them, to prevent their development or to delay their germination up to a point in time to inhibit growth. Through this treatment the fungi have long been killed. In the prak, the number of fruits, e.g. B. in apples, peaches implementation of this embodiment arise, pears, plums, cherries, berries or 30 holds the powder, dipping agent or spray, such as citrus fruits, effectively reduced. Treatment of 20 to about 1000 parts per million of potassium is also effective in preventing seed formation, ins- azide, depending on the particular acid tolerance of weeds, and altering the plant seed and other conditions, e.g. B. the Temwüchs, especially in the development of temperature, moisture and chemical co-ornamental plants. A remarkable application of the 35 settlement of the soil in which the seeds are to be planted in this embodiment is the application of. The potassium azide solution is usually used with sugar cane in order to prevent the tassel azide from forming by briefly bringing the seed together and thereby the sugar and the azide-containing medium, whereby the application content of the sugar cane stems is increased. The amount of charge consists of the azide, which in the anlium azide is preferably in the form of a medium adhering to the seed. ^: thin aqueous solution, e.g. B., about 1 to In all of the above embodiments, 20 weight percent potassium azide solution in water, potassium azide is often used to advantage in conjunction with others. If it is desired to inhibit only the de-herbicides, nematocides, defoliants, development of the treated part of the plant, gicides, bactericides and similar pests instead of completely destroying this part, control agents are used. Potassium azide usually preferred solutions that contain about 1 to about 1 to strengthens and expands the effects of other harmful 5 percent by weight potassium azide.

According to a further specific embodiment, which deactivates (typically a diluted preparation, alternating processes) the pest control agent, ie an approximately 1 to approximately 20 percent by weight 50% by weight. Often the combination has a potassium solution or a similarly diluted powder, i. Ji. azide with one or more herbicides a syne'rein about 1 to about 20 percent by weight potassium azide gistic effect. This is how the combination of the powder contains, in the case of crops, before harvest. - applied a wider range of undesirable organisms. The crop is attacked in this way as defoliated by the potassium azide or the other, so that the crop is free from undesirable pesticides. The Wirksäm leaves is. In the practical application of this ability of the combination against a particular embodiment, amounts of about 2.24 to the desired organism are often greater than, the 22.4 kg / ha typical, but larger amounts are the sum of the effects of the individual components, sometimes useful. According to this embodiment, the proportion of azide in the combination can be, for example, the above-ground parts of 60 between approximately 1 or 5 and 90%. Emp cotton plants sprayed when the seed pods are about 1 to 30 ger. Ripe, to cause the leaves to die. weight percent, typically less than 20 and and fall off the plant. If the seed pod seldom exceeds 70 percent by weight, then with a mechanical picking the combination. The most advantageous device applied is to be harvested, the occurrence of 65 quantity ratio is often 'determined by economic green staining of the seed pods, which is more normal- considerations. . '.', - .: ■ '.
wisely caused by the foliage, "essential herbicides known to be short-acting are reduced and often substantially eliminated. Attention in the soil as a result of attack by microorganisms

nismeri, which are beneficial in common with potassium azide are used, for example

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its esters, 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid and its esters, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and its ■■ '. ■:' ■ ,. ^: Ester, · ^: ' ■■■: ■■■ [ .' / ':''.'... ■ ■■ [■ ";"'■' ■ '■' ■■ ^_■::. . 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxybutyric acid and its esters,

Dichloropropionic acid and its salts,
Trichloroacetic acid and its salts,
Dinitrobutylphenol,
Dinitro-orthocresol,

Allyl alcohol, '■' -

I sopropyl-N-phenylcarbamate,
Isopropyl-N - ^ - chlorophenyl-carbamate,
sec.Butyl-N-ß-chlorophenylJ-carbamate,
Ethyl-T ^ N-di-n-propylthiolcarbamate,
Propyl ethyl n-butyl thiol carbamate,
2-chloroallyl diethyldithiocarbamate,
secButylphenol disodium salt of

3,6-endoxohexahydrophthalic acid,
2-chloro-N, N-diallylacetamide,
N-arylphthalamic acid and its esters and
Salts and aminotriazole.

As a result of the relatively short lifespan of potassium azide in soil, its benefits become in extension the effectiveness of pesticides in soil is prolonged when in protective Carriers, such as Granules, pellets or capsules. The effectiveness of Potassium azide in the soil is substantially prolonged when it is, for example, in granules of highly calcined Clay, such as attapulgite clay or other materials, is entered that resist physical Destruction by the soil are resistant. Other "materials leading to suitable granules for this embodiment can be granulated are, for example, corn on the cob, vermiculite, natural manure, Wood flour, sawdust or shavings and plant stems, stalks or leaves. Usually it will Pesticides are incorporated into the granule along with the potassium azide. It is a lot particularly beneficial that the potassium azide (either alone or in combination with other pesticides) containing granules with a semipermeable layer or shell. An example of a granule provided according to this embodiment is a granulate made of Attapulgite clay that goes through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.59 to 1.27 mm, with isopropyl-N- (3-chlorophenyl) -carbamate and potassium azide impregnated and polymerized with a thin layer of a drying oil is coated. The layer on the granulate only leaves a slow one Evaporation of the carbamate from the granule too. In addition, the layer allows only a minimal Contact of the soil microorganisms with the carbamate and azide in the granule. The Potassium azide in the granule deactivates the organisms that penetrate the layer before they do can break down the carbamate through their metabolism. Possibly the whole thing evaporates Carbamate and escapes from the granules or granules. The microorganisms penetrating the layer and moisture eventually decompose the potassium azide in the granule: after that Azide also performs its function of protecting the pesticide in the granule against the Attack by the microorganisms has met the soil, it still introduces plant nutrients to the soil to. The semi-impermeable film surrounding the granule can be of any suitable one Material that physically allows the pesticide to escape slowly, z. B. the carbamate vapors allowed. Various acrylic resins, ζ. Β. Polymethyl methacrylate, vinyl resins,

ίο ζ. B. polyvinyl acetate, and drying oils, e.g. B. linseed oil, Soybean oil, saffron oil, castor oil, tung oil and fish oils are useful for this purpose. This drying oils are often partially oxidized when applied to the granule. Naturally a certain coating material works best with certain pesticides. the The speed at which steam escapes from the granule can thereby be varied within wide limits be changed that one suitable coating materials selects and applies appropriate amounts of this material to the granule. The effectiveness of isopropyl-N-P-chlorophenylJ-carbamate was extended in this way for several months. :

It is within the scope of the invention to add potassium azide to the soil mixed with other fertilizers. In particular, potassium azide is used in mixed fertilizers. In such a mixture, potassium azide not only improves the fertilizer but also gives the mixture a pest control effect. A mixed fertilizer typically comprises a mixture of various chemical compounds, usually inorganic compounds; organic substances such as However, urea, activated sludge, animal dung, etc. are sometimes added. Each compound in the mixture usually contributes one or more primary plant nutrients. The three primary plant nutrients are nitrogen, phosphate and potash. Commercially available mixed fertilizers are usually denoted by three numbers which, in the order given, indicate the weight percentages of N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O in the mixture. For example, a 6-12-12 mixed fertilizer contains at least 6% nitrogen, 12% P ₂ O ₅ equivalents, and 12% K ₂ O equivalents. Compounds that contain phosphorus and potassium are always given as P ₂ O ₅ equivalent or K ₂ O equivalent, because in this form phosphorus and potassium are useful for plants. Individual chemical compounds are labeled in the same way. For example, ammonium nitrate, which contains 33.5% available nitrogen, can be labeled 33-0-0. Highly pure potassium chloride can be designated 0-0-62 to indicate that it contains at least 62 weight percent K ₂ O equivalent. In the same way, it becomes essentially pure potassium azide. labeled 51-0-58, so potassium azide is particularly rich in primary plant nutrients. One kilogram of potassium azide added to a mixed fertilizer is more valuable to the mixture than 1 kg of plant nutrient. The Fertilizer Handbook, published by the National Plant Food Institute, 1700 K Street, NW Washington 6, DC, (Second Edition, 1963), which as far as the invention is concerned, is included within the scope of the invention, describes in detail in chapter 4 the manufactures! -

IO

development and the composition of typical mixed Fertilizers. "Chapter 8 of the manual contains several tables with the help of which the weights of the fertilizing Materials can easily be determined in terms of their plant nutrient content are equivalent to a specific gravity of another material. Using the instructions in the manual, in particular in chapters 4 and 8 of the principles set out, a person skilled in the Agricultural field easily use potassium azide in the manufacture of a mixed fertilizer with any combination of phytonutrients.

If potassium azide is used as an aqueous solution, it is often beneficial to use it together with the potassium azide to dissolve other water-soluble pesticides or fertilizers.

They are often used in crops as a spray in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersions. Thus, pest control agents in organic solution or dispersion are mixed with aqueous solutions of the azide to form an emulsion or suspension. The mixture is then sprayed, sometimes stirring, to prevent the aqueous and organic phases from separating. Or the aqueous potassium azide solution is sprayed on with or without other active ingredients in the solution either before or after other pesticides or fertilizers. Powdered or crystalline potassium azide in combination with wettable powders or other pesticides is preferably mixed in aqueous media immediately before spraying. Upon stirring, the potassium dissolves in the aqueous medium, are suspended while the water-insoluble ¹ powder therein. Usually enough aqueous medium, typically tap water, is used that the solution contains less than 25 weight percent, usually from about 1 to about 10 weight percent, potassium azide.

If it is desired to pollinate crops with dry powder, the potassium azide can be added a very fine powder with a particle size usually less than 0.149 mm. It is usually advantageous to treat the azide with an inert solid diluent such as e.g. B. silica, Mix clay, talc, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, chalk, wood flour, etc. A good distribution The azide is usually facilitated by treating the azide with up to more than 99% inert powder diluted. Sometimes preparations containing from about 5 to about 25%, rarely more than 30%, azide are useful. Another effective method of diluting potassium azide for application than Solid consists in having the potassium azide as an absorbed component or coating on granules made of an inert material, e.g. B. attapulgite clay, corn cobs, sawdust, bentonite, etc. are used. The azide can also be used on other pesticides, containing pesticides Granules or fertilizers, especially natural fertilizers such as e.g. B. manure, activated Sludge, etc., absorbed or coated. Potassium azide is usually found in these granules, etc. in amounts less than about 25 percent by weight, based on the granule including any absorbed constituents; much larger quantities however, they are possible and are within the scope of the invention. The potassium azide content of these granular products is typically about 1 to about 20%, most often about 2 to about 10%.

When the azide hits the ground in the form of crystals, granules or in other solid forms is applied, it sometimes remains on the ground and is exposed to normal weather conditions exposed. More often it is carried into the ground by water. The azide is also often used in the The soil is harrowed or plowed. In general, the potassium azide can be very adaptable due to its Properties can be applied to the floor by any known method, conventionally is available for the application of currently available fertilizers and / or pesticides.

The invention is illustrated in the following examples.

B e i s ρ i e 1 1

Double paper pots were filled with soil taken from a well-mixed supply. Various plants were placed in the pots. Immediately after setting, the earth was in the Curd treated with various herbicides. Each of the herbicides was used in a mixture of 5% Acetone and 95% water, based on the weight of the mixture, applied. With each pot were 15 ecm of the mixture applied. All the pots were exposed to identical artificial light and irrigation from above. The plants were observed for 10 days, and the damage was rated in comparison to untreated control plants. In table I are the herbicides, the amounts used and the plants used in this experiment and the results obtained.

Applied
• Crowd
in kg / ha Table I. Pork wort Creeper Foxtail Effective material - 4.48
8.96 mustard 3RG
5RG IRG
4RG IRG
5RG KN ₃ .. ... .......... 4.48.
4.48 3RG
5RG 2 pp.
2C
5RG
0 ^: .2C · ■■ '■■■
1 p
5RG
■ - ■■■ or similar
■■ '· () ^: ■''■■■■ 5RG KN ₃ .........; .......... 2 pp
2C
5RG
- 0
0 ■ V-O " Atrazine 2 4-D. i Acetone water control
search untreated '; ............

109 643/266

ίο

Table I (continued) Corn Wheat \ ■ cotton Beans Effective material Applied -
crowd
in kg / ha 3RG
4S
2RG
0
2RG
3SC
3S
0 0
3RG
2 pp.
0.
3 pp
1 SC
3RG
0 2S
5RG
'·: 0
5RG
0 3S
5RG CN ₃ 4.48 "
8.96
4.48
4.48 0 0 0 5RG
0 KN ₁ - 0 Atrazine.; .......'......... 2,4-D .........;. ■ ....; .. ■ '■''' -, ■■ '"■■
Acetone water control
attempt ............:.;. Untreated

Degree of damage

■ 0 - no damage,
1 - slight damage,
2. - moderate damage,

3 - 7 - moderately severe damage,

4 - severe damage,

5 - withering away.

Type of damage

RG - decreased germination, SC - curling of the trunk,

S - development inhibition,

C - bleaching.

Example 2

Cottonseed, corn, soybean seeds, and miIo seeds were planted in hothouse beds made of sandy loam and a mixture of seeds of annual weeds (creeper, goose grass and hogweed) sown. Nutsedge tubers, johnson grass, and Bermuda grass rhizomes were 6.35 to 7.62 cm deep in stuck the bottom. Immediately after planting Potassium azide granules were placed in the top 6.35 mm of the soil in amounts of 28, 56, 112, 336 and 560 kg / ha incorporated. The beds were then watered from above with about 12.7 mm of water. Each bed was then sprayed as needed to maintain moisture in the soil will. The beds were observed and the degree of damage after rated on the following scale.

0 - no damage,

10 to 30 - minor damage,

30 to 60 - moderate damage,

60 to 90 - severe damage,

100 - complete kill.

The extent of damage to the various plants about 6 weeks after application of the potassium azide is listed in Table II.

Bermuda
grass · Johnson grass Tables Mix one
year old weeds cotton Soybeans Corn MiIo Potassium azide
,; kg / Ka; . '74 45 ■ Nutsedge 33 58 63 .46 18th 28 81 82 63 60 74 82 58 42 56 96 69 98 79 • 85 95 65 30th ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■ ". ',
■ 112 99 96 99 95 99 100 95 60 336 100 83 97 98 100 100 100 99 560 99

B e i s ρ i e 1 3

Attapulgite grains with a particle size of 0.59 to 1.27 mm were stirred into sprayed with molten CIPC (isopropyl-N- (3-chlorophyl) -carbamate) in a rotary mixer, whereby granules containing 20% CIPC based on the weight of the granules were obtained.

Samples of these granules were coated with 1 or 10 percent by weight potassium azide by soaking the granules with a 50% strength aqueous potassium azide solution, based on the weight of the solution. Each of the granules were applied to 160 g soil in wax paper pots in an amount equivalent to 8.96 kg / ha CIPC (active). Each test pot had a bottom surface of 45.6 cm ² . The pots were kept at a relative humidity of 88 to 92% and daytime temperatures of 32 to 34 ° C. (The lights were turned on at 4 a.m. and turned off at 8 p.m.) The temperature during the dark period was maintained at about 21 ° C. Samples of the soil were taken and analyzed to determine the percent loss of CIPC. The results of these analyzes are set out in Table III.

Table III ■ 7th 31 14th 28 97 percentage 28 Cl PC loss 71 ¹ test duration in days 0 29 60 74 0 0 51 CI PC granules
without coating 0 53 With 1% KN ₃ .
coated
CIPC grains .... With 10% KN ₃
coated:
CIPC granules ....

B ei s ρ ie I 4

Table 4 lists a number of different weed and useful plant seeds that were planted in marked rows in medium clay-loam garden soil. The seeds were sown 1.27 to 1.905 cm deep. Strips of plastic sheeting were spread on the floor to provide sharply defined treatment areas. Granules of the preparations listed in the table were applied by hand from a shaker in weighed amounts in an amount of 5.6 kg / ha. The preparations containing 20% CIPC, 10% KN ₃ and 20% CIPC were identical to the preparations used in Example 3. The 10% 2,4-D and 10% CIPC containing granules were prepared by adding a molten mixture of 99% technical grade CIPC and technical grade 2-ethylhexyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to attapulgite granules having a particle size of 0.59 to 1 , 27 mm sprayed by the same procedure ^ after the CIPC granules of Example 3 were prepared. Table IV shows the herbicidal activity of the preparations on a scale in which 1 means no effect and 10 means 100% kill.

Table IV

20% CIPC ,. 20% CIPC 10% 2,4-D, 10% CN ₃ 2 10% CIPC French beans ... 6th 1 10 Cotton ..... 1 3 10 tomatoes ■ 5 3 10 Carrots ....... 10 5 10 Corn .......... 5 ' ^: ' 9 5 Ragwort ..... 6th 1 9 Barnyard grass ... 8th - 10 Pigweed 1 - planted 7th 10 Pig cabbage: 10 - grown 10 10 Creeper 5 - planted .. '7 9 Creeper 5 —- grown 10 9 10 Velvet leaf ...... 10 . . '7 10 Foxtail .. ■ '■ ·:' J 7th Buckhorn 10 plantain ..... .;. 8 . '.', 10 10 Mustard ........... 10 10

B e i s ρ i e 1 5

Two test areas of around 1860 cm ² each were staked out in a free area. The area was heavily infested with perennial and annual broad-leaved and grass-like weeds. Perennial roots extended more than 18 inches below the surface of the soil. Most of the top. Growth became from the

ίο Removed test areas by cutting the plants about 20 cm above the surface of the earth. The areas were treated by spraying 1.91 aqueous potassium azide solution evenly over each test area. A test area was treated with 560 kg / ha of azide. 3 weeks later, all plant life had died on the test area treated with 560 kg / ha KN _3. A 25.4 cm high tomato plant was then transplanted in the middle of this area. In the same area

seeds of corn, lima beans, lettuce and beets were sown in rows. 2 weeks after sowing (5 weeks after application of KN ₃ ) the tomato plant had grown substantially and was in flower. All the sown species grew well. The plants all showed the typical dark green color that occurs with nitrogen fertilization.

Example 6

Following the procedure of Example 5, three test areas, each about 1860 cm ^{2 in} size, were treated with 0, 224 and 448 kg / ha of potassium azide. The test areas were on well-cultivated, unfertilized, poor garden soil. The areas were kept moist by irrigation as required. Three weeks after the treatment, corn, lima beans, squash squash and spinach were sown in each of the test plots. Two weeks later, the seedlings grew more vigorously in the test areas treated with potassium azide than in the control area. As growth progressed, it was found that plants of the same type _{grew fastest in the test area treated with 448 kg / ha KN 3} and the plants in the control area grew the slowest. The plants in the area treated with 448 kg / ha KN ₃ had a darker green color than the plants in the test area treated _{with 224 kg / ha KN 3.} The plants in the area treated with 224 kg / ha KN ₃ had a darker green color than the control plants.

Tissue analyzes carried out subsequently confirmed that the plants from the _{area treated with 448 kg / ha KN 3} contained more nitrogen and more potassium per gram of tissue than the plants from the test area treated _{with 224 kg / ha KN 3.}

The plants from the area treated with 224 kg / ha KN ₃ contained a greater amount of these elements per gram of tissue than the control plants.

B e i s ρ i e Γ 7

These experiments were carried out in a greenhouse.

The soil was worked by adding peat so that the mixture was about 8-10% organic Substance contained. This floor was placed in 35.56 χ 7.62 / 10.16 cm metal beds and sown the moist soil with test plant seeds. Solutions of the test compounds were then made sprayed on. Immediately after the

13th

Spraying, the seeds were lightly watered and later, as needed, by surface treatment kept moist. The percentage destruction was determined 29 days after the treatment. Abbreviations Door the test connections are:

KN ₃ = potassium razide,

IPC = isopropyl-N-phenylcarbamate, \

CI PC =. ■: Isopropyl N- (3-chlorophenyl) carbamate.

• The following table contains the results as a percentage of destruction.

Test plant

Bermuda grass (Cynodon dac-

tylon [L.] Pers.)

Creeping grass (Digitaria sangui-

nalis {L.] Scop.)

Barnyard grass (Echinochloa

crusgalli [L.] Beauv.) .... Witch grass (Panicum capillare

Giant Foxtail (Setaria

faberii Herrm.)

Ambrosia plant (Ambrosia

artemisiifolia L.)

Horsetail (Galinsoga par-

viflora Cav.)

Morning glory (Ipompea here-

rocea [L.] Jacq.)

Real barbara herb (barba-

rea vulgaris R. Br.)

Virginia cress (Lepidium vir-

ginicum L.) ..

Pennywort (Thlaspi arvense

Shepherd's purse herb (Capsella

bursä-pastoris [L.] medic.) Common thorn apple (Datura stramonium L.) .........

Try with

KN ₃ 11.2 kg / ha

100

80

100

100

50

100

100

100

100

100

90

100

100

IPC 8.96 kg / ha

0 0 0

20 0 0 0

50 0 0

60 0 0

CN ₃ . CIPC 11.2 kg / ha 8.96 kg / ha Ambrosia plant (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) 100 - 0 Horsetail (Galinsoga par- viflora Cav.) 100 0 Real barbara herb (barba- ^; rea vulgaris R. Br.) ...... 100 : ■ 0 Common thorn apple (Datura stramonium L.) 100 ■ 20

Examples

The trials were field trials.
896 kg / ha of a 5-10-5 fertilizer was applied to the soil before sowing. The test varieties were sown in spring. The. Pre-germination treatment was carried out 1 day after sowing and the results recorded 27 days after sowing.

Post-germination treatment was carried out 29 days after sowing and results recorded 49 days after sowing.
Creeping grass is a plant that grows wild in the test area.

To combat insects, a mixture of malathion and methoxychlor was used, which was sprayed exactly according to a schedule. The results show the percentage of destruction.

- The term "mixture of grasses" includes a mixture of wild grasses, such as Creeping grass (Digitaria sanguinalis [L.] Sicop.), Foxtail (Setaria spp. Beauv.), Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli [L.] Beauv.) and purple love grass (Eragrostis spectabilis). ·

. The expression "mixture of broad-leaved plants" refers to a mixture of wild water peppers (Polygonum pennsylvanicum L.), mustard (Brassica kaber [DC] L. C. Wheeler) and the purslane family (Portulaca oleracea L.). The abbreviations mean:

KN ₃ = potassium azide,

CIPC = isopropyl-N- (3-chlorophenyl) -carbamate,

2,4-D = alkanolamine salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.

The results are tabulated below.

Results in tabular form (the results are given in percent destruction)

Test plant 8.96 kg / ha CN ₃
4.48 kg / ha Before the
'2.24 kg / ha Germinate
8.96 kg / ha 2,4-D
4.48 kg / ha 2.24 kg / ha Creeping grass (Digitaria sanguinalis [L.]
Pers.) ... 50
40 40
30th 20th
20th 40
20th 30th
10 10
10 Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, Lam.) ....

. "Test plant

8.96 kg / ha KN ₃
4.48 kg / ha

After germination

2.24 kg / ha

8.96 kg / ha

2,4-D
4.48 kg / ha

2.24 kg / ha

Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, Lam.)

100

100

100

80

50

(Continuation)

16

Test plant ' Before germination

8.96 kg / ha

CN ₃

4.48 kg / ha

2.24 kg / ha

QPC ^:

8.96 kg / ha

4.48 kg / ha

2.24 kg / ha

Creeping grass (Digitaria sanguinalis [L.]

Pers.):. ·.

Mix of grasses _;

Mixture of broad-leaved plants

40 50 50

20 30 20

60

40

Test plant After germination

CN ₃

8.96 kg / ha 4.48 kg / ha. 2.24 kg / ha

α pc

8.96 kg / ha 4.48 kg / ha 2.24 kg / ha

Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, Lam.) ... SenfiBrassicakaberCDC] L. C. Wheeler)

100 '60

100 50

40 40

30 30

Claims (1)

Claim: Weed killer, characterized by a content of potassium azide. 109643/266