DE1566762C - Receiver for acoustical underwater remote measurement - Google Patents

Description

2. Receiver according to claim 1, characterized in that the counter (330) has a display device is.

3. Receiver according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more Display devices (376, 378, 398) is (are) provided by the second gate circuit (366, 368) is (are) controllable and displays the ^) variable (s) to be measured. "4. Recipient according to one of the preceding. ' Claims, characterized in that at least an oscillator (334, 336) for a fixed period of time through the second gate circuit (366, 368) can be connected to the counter (330).

5. Receiver according to one of the preceding claims for receiving three or more telemetrically measured variables, characterized in that that an oscillator (334) is provided for measuring two or more variables and that this oscillator is provided by the second Gate (366, 368, 351) is connected to the first gate (326) during the connection the remaining oscillators (336) with the first gate circuit (326) through the second gate circuit (336, 338, 351) is blocked.

6. Receiver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third (P ₃ ) acoustic pulse is transmitted during at least one fixed time period after the first (P ₁ ) acoustic pulse and that the second gate circuit (366, 368, 351) a time delay circuit (358, 360) _{which is synchronized by the first pulse (P 1} ) to determine receipt or non-receipt of the third pulse (P _3).

7. Receiver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the different. Pulses (P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ ) are each formed by an oscillation of the same frequency of a certain duration.

8. Receiver according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the different pulses (P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ ) are each formed by an oscillation of different frequencies of a predetermined duration.

The invention relates to a receiver for acoustical underwater remote measurement.

There are already arrangements for the remote transmission of information by means of water acoustic waves known. In one embodiment, a frequency modulated carrier is used, d. H. a continuous frequency is transmitted and the frequency deviates proportionally to that transmitted Vary slightly from a fixed frequency. In another embodiment a so-called pulse frequency modulation is used, i. H. the acoustic waves are in transmit short pulses that contain several waves of the fundamental frequency. The repetition rate of this Pulse is set proportionally to the transmitted variable.

The frequency-modulated carrier system requires the transmitter or sounder to be continuous sends, whereby electrical energy is continuously consumed. To save electrical energy, the acoustic performance of such a system must necessarily be low. There on the other hand In the telemetry system according to the invention, information is transmitted in pulse form, the acoustic Power during the pulse can be relatively high. Hence only a low average Energy consumption required.

The fundamental difficulty with pulse repetition rate modulation consists in the fact that pulse echoes are received several times at sea, which is either due to the fact that the sound hits the sea floor reached and is reflected to the receiver or that the sound is a layer of high change in the acoustic speed reached, which also causes an echo. These echoes are sent to the receiver often with the same or greater amplitude than the direct signals received what is on Changes in absorption are due to the various paths of signals through the sea. Consequently it is sometimes impossible to distinguish between echoes and the direct signal, and it no true reading can be taken on the receiver.

In recent years, deep sea trawling has become a preferred practice for fishing Bringing in fish from the sea. In this trawling, a large net (the Trawler) on a long rope, for example 1800 meters behind the ship (the trawler or Trawlers) towed at depths of, for example, 550 meters.

With the present procedure it is very difficult for the master of the trawler to do the To know the depth of his trawl and the condition of the opening of the trawl. It is also desired to know the temperature on the trawl. Sensors were placed on the network and Transfer information via an electrical cable to the trawler or trawler. Such However, systems in the marine environment are susceptible

3 4

lig. Therefore, there was a need for a submission. A recorder is provided for this system,

water telemetry system for use in towing as it is generally used in known echo sounders

net fishing. The above-mentioned plants with Fre- will. The distance between brands on the

frequency modulation and pulse frequency modulation drawing card, which allows the reception of two im-

5 pulses were determined with regard to this application, are measured and, with the aid of

kelt. would take a table or the like on the units of

Systems with frequency modulation or pulse frequency-transmitted variables.

frequency modulation are in the technical evaluation. The object of the invention is to provide a

unsuccessful if you only have one of the above receivers for the acoustic underwater telemetry

measure called variables. However, they are resolved with an easy-to-interpret reading device.

complicated if you want to specify several changes. In doing so, special consideration should be given

to transfer such. that the invention will apply to long-distance transmission

The German patent specification 767 315 also transfers data from a trawl to a trawl

a method for determining the distance should already be applicable to fischer.

15 This object is achieved according to the invention by echo sounding by means of sound waves in the water

become known, in which a signal sequence that only solved one receiver, which is characterized by

in a way aligned with itself a counter, at least two oscillators, which

The counter pulses to be counted are sent periodically and continuously.

and in which the echoes caused by them by means of gene, through a first gate circuit, the impulses of

a display device with an adjustable, dre ao the oscillators to the counter during a time

Shape of the signal sequence having template of forwards, which by the receipt of a first and

Be brought into line with each other by hand or automatically. a second acoustic pulse is defined, and

Here, a receiving device is used, through a second gate circuit, which only one of these

which is connected to two display devices, oscillators with the first gate circuit to one

of which one responds to all impulses and 25 couples time that depends on the reception or the non-

the small scale divisions, for example the unit and receive at least one third acoustic pulse

Displays tens, while the other is dependent.

Pointing device by means of an upstream filter With such an arrangement, the disruptive

only, for example, on every tenth impulse of another non-positive reception of two or more measured values

Frequency or other modulation responds and the 30 and a simple and clear display of this

large scale divisions, for example, which enables hundreds of measured values,

and thousands divisions. In an underwater telemetry method for which

The US Pat. No. 2,894,596 also preferably relates to the receiver according to the invention.

already a method for determining the location of can be applied, the sounder z. B. at geological strata become known when 35-attached to the trawl of a fishing vessel

from "a point on the earth's surface an explosion and operates over a frequency range from 11 to

is triggered and the geological 13 kHz, which is caused by a variety of known acu-

Layer reflected explosion waves can be processed by at the static transducers. the

Surface at a distance from the point of explosion. Sounder also transmits short acoustic impulses

detectors are received and the 40 a frequency of 12 kHz at the pulse repetition frequency

electrical sequences generated by these detectors of around one pulse per second. A

signals can be recorded at the same time. second pulse with a frequency of 13 kHz

Through the German patent specification 958 185, a method for wireless remote monitoring impulse after a time interval over remote controlled, spatially distributed systems 45, which is proportional to that on the trawl, has become known, in which the remotely controlled measured variable is. A third impulse with systems radio beacons, whose reflectivity for a frequency of 12 kHz is received or executed in one of two electromagnetic waves for the delivery of an actuating time after the first impulse transmission message when one of two variables is transmitted and commands / or to display the switching state 50, and it is not transmitted if a third one is changed, assigned, which is transmitted by a grain variable,
mandostelle are scanned like radio location and the transmitted variables are preferred, depending on their ability to reflect into the depth of the head rope of the trawl, the Temeinem control device cause beacon signals, temperature on the head dew and the net receptacle, its type and size the actuation message or the 55 ie the Shows the distance between the Kbpftau and the switching state. Ground rope.

There has also already been a system for transmitting the digital value of the device to be measured, in which a first row of Impulses 60 variables. Furthermore, an illuminated one with a fixed repetition frequency and a second row of plates can automatically transmit the currently measured change impulses, each of which shows in a time loan, and according to the respective straight point occurs after one of the first impulses, which measured variable can simultaneously auto- , is proportional to the variable to be measured automatically on the display device. This suggestion has to be illuminated around the 65 of the decimal point.
Marine proven to be extremely reliable. With the aid of the figures, the invention is desired for this proposal to be explained in more detail, for example, on a transfer. It shows
application system for several variables used. Fig. 1 eüie side view in which the present

5. 6th

in its application to the three carrier oscillators corresponding to the first im-

Trawling is shown pulsing at the fixed repetition frequency (tone one), the

F i g. 2 shows a simplified block diagram of a second, variable impulse (tone two) and

Underwater sounder that is not the subject of the addressing or branding impulses (tone three).

Invention is, as it is in connection with the 5 The sounder or transmitter also has two

inventive receiver can be used, depth sensors, one of which on the head rope and

FigT3 is a timing diagram of the acoustic signals, one attached to the ground rope, a temperature switch by the in F i g. 2 shown lower feeler, which is attached to the head rope, as well as one water sounder are generated, switching and controlled delay device

4 shows a timing diagram of the transmission sequence io, which is carried out by a sequence control device for

of three variables, as indicated by the transmission of the pulses in the sequence described in FIG. 2

shown underwater sounder output is controlled. The receptacle opening changer

can be borrowed by subtracting the output signal

Fig. 5, which consists of Figs. 5 A and 5 B, shows the depth sensor for head rope and ground rope

a schematic electrical circuit diagram which is correct in FIG.

is partially designed as a block diagram, one The receiver has isolating devices for

technical embodiment of an inventive generation of pulses in three separate control lines

of the receiver and services corresponding to the three impulses of the transmitted

F i g. 5C is an arrangement diagram showing the signal. A display counter is with a

like the fig. 5 A and 5 B to form the FIG. 5 to 20 pulse oscillator after a fixed time interval

must be put together. Receipt of his impulse with the first impulse series

The same reference symbols denote fixed repetition frequency connected in all of the fi xes. The pulse oscillator

gure the same elements. tor to which the meter is connected

The already mentioned proposal of a system for the time of reception or transmission a single variable of a 25 remains the reception of the addressing or branding acoustic Underwater sounder intended for a reception pulse. When the opening of the The catcher can generally be used as a method and device- network and depth in the same units for acoustical underwater remote measurement one can be used for this purpose Variable are referred to, wherein a first single pulse oscillator are provided. Continue Set of acoustic impulses with a fixed repetition rate, the receiver assigns logic circuits to the sequence is transmitted. Between these pulses, the display device lights up, which is the one a second set of pulses each in a measured variable and the required deci time interval after the preceding pulse that displays ermal commas.

transmit the first pulse series, this time interval from F i g. 1 can be seen as a trawler 20 a

valL trawls in proportion to the variable 35 to be measured, denoted by 22. The deep

chenist. sensor, temperature sensor and the sounder can

When using the grate according to the invention in one or more pressure vessels 24 catcher for the transmission of three variables will be packed, which at the head tau 26 of the trawl now a short period of time after each of the first im- 22 are attached. A second depth sensor 28 is on pulse is provided, which is attached to the transmission of 40 basic rope 30 and is connected via a cable 32 with Is reserved for address or branding impulses. the electronic circuit in the container 24 connected can at fixed times after each of the.

first impulses are transmitted and give the Aus F i g. 2 it can be seen that the designated 33

transferred variables to. For this purpose, the underwater sounder has a head rope

in the embodiment described here 45 depth sensors 34, a basic rope depth sensor 28 and

two times after the occurrence of a first Im- a temperature sensor 36, each of which has a

pulses reserved, and a third, in one of these electrical signals proportional to the measured

two points in time of occurring or non-occurring variables are generated. The head rope depth signal

Pulse indicates which of the three variables is applied to an AND circuit 38. The differ-

is transmitted. 50 rence between the head and basic thaw signal

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the three Im- (which corresponds to the receiving opening signal)

pulse, the first pulse with the fixed repetition frequency, is received at point 39 and

the impulse corresponding to the variable and the device 40 is given. The temperature signal is applied to the

Address or mark pulse, all given with the same AND circuit 42. These signals go

Carrier frequency can be transmitted. Preferred 55 through their respective AND circuits. Every and-

However, they will be wise on different frequencies- switched by a signal on their second

zen transferred to enable distinctness in the line.

Increase plant. In addition, these fre- The signals are a depth addressing or -mar-

sequences chosen so that they kensignal in the frequency spectrum on line 44, a temperature address

are close to each other, so that they by uniform 60 sier- or -mark signal on the line 46 and a

Acoustic transmission devices transmit receiving opening addressing or mark signals

and can be received. on line 48. You will be

As stated above, the arrangement SO according to the invention is provided.

Recipients, especially trawls, because at any given time only one of the

applicable; the depth of the head rope, the temperature 65 signals for depth addressing, temperature addressing

on the head rope and the receiving opening of the towing or receiving opening addressing on the

network can be recorded with its help. Is given to lines 44, 46 or 48, goes the same-

For this purpose, you need a sounder with only one of the variable signals through the

7 8

AND circuits 38, 40 and 42. This signal goes. When the temperature is measured, sound occurs

through the OR circuit 52 and controls a variable delay device 54th carrier oscillator at regular one-second intervals. Tone two occurs in the time interval from 20 to 400 gates 56, 58 and 60, which occur at 11, 12 and milliseconds after tone one (where T _{2 work} proportional to 13 kHz, are also in the underwater 5 tional to the temperature), and tone three occurs 7 MiI sounders 33 provided. The resulting liseconds after tone one.

Continuous signals are given by the And- If the signal of the receiving opening of the network

Circuits 62, 64 or 66 switched, which is transmitted, tone one occurs again once AND circuit 62 by the output of a clock pulse of the second. Tone Two occurs during the notifier 68 with one pulse per second, · the AND switching interval from 20 to 400 milliseconds 64 through the output of a token or and tone three occurs 15 milliseconds after tone one Circuit 70 and the AND circuit 66 by the.

Variable delay output signal. Each variable is expediently repeated a number of times

Order 54 is controlled. transferred to the surface before another change

The variable delay arrangement is transmitted more sensitive, both to the more practical catches the clock pulses from the clock generator 68 and he display as well as to ensure that the gel * at a variable point in time afterwards, testifies to the actual reception of a faulty tone two which by the from the OR circuit 52 to the by a sudden change in the variable variable delay arrangement given Si reading on the receiver is noticed. Preferred gnal is determined, a pulse which is applied to the 20 is therefore the depth information for 20 seconds AND circuit 66 is given. This pulse is transmitted at intervals of 40 seconds, like switches the oscillator at BkHz. The modulated is indicated by the waveform in Fig.4. The Impulse goes through an OR circuit 72, temperature signal is every 40 seconds through 10 seconds an amplifier 74 is amplified and transmitted to one of the long, and the signal of the recording acoustic transducer 76 is given. 25 opening of the network is also every 40 seconds

The one pulse per second from the clock 68 is transmitted for 10 seconds. These time intervals can is placed on the sequencer 50 and of course modified so that it is taxed for the their operation. This signal is also suitable for users of the facility. As shown in FIG. 4 to a delay arrangement 78 with 7 milliseconds is seen, are the times at which the individual Delay through the AND circuit 82 and transmitted to 30 signals, offset from one another, a delay arrangement 80 with a delay As from FIG. 1 can be seen, the inventive

tion of 15 milliseconds through the AND circuit would be given by Unierwasser sound receiver 290 on floor 84. The output signals from these ver of the ship 20 attached. The output signal is given to delay arrangements in the OR circuit an amplifier 292 (FIG. 5A), from there device 70 is combined. The combined signal is the 3 ^ through an 11 to 13 kHz band-pass filter 294 via a brand or address signal, which is passed over the line to a second amplifier 296 and then as a device 86 to the AND circuit 64 and input signal to the modulator 298. The other switches the oscillator 58 at 12 kHz. The other input signal is fed through a 10 kHz threshold. Inputs of AND circuits 82 and 84 are supplied to exercise oscillator 300. The gain factors receptacle and temperature addressers of amplifiers 292 and 296 may be connected by tag lines 48 and 46, which single gain control circuit 302 come under the control of sequencer 50. Hence will be. The output signal of the modulator 298 is a clock pulse through the AND circuit 82 on corresponds to the three pulse trains received from the underwater sound, the 7 millisecond delay arrangement 78 to the receiver 290; 10 kHz and the 46 is present, and a clock pulse is given at the 15- actual frequency of the pulses received from the underwater millisecond delay arrangement 80 , sound receiver, when the receiving opening control signal is in the line. Therefore, tone one is at the outputs

device 48 is present. 1 kHz, tone two at 3 kHz and tone three at 2 kHz.

The through the clock 68, the variable 50 These signals all go through a 3 kHz low pass delay arrangement 54, the 7 millisecond filter 304, are amplified by the amplifier 306 delay arrangement 78 and the 15 milliseconds and to the Interception of the receiver on the head of the delay arrangement 80 given impulses 308 supplied. The signals are all fairly short, on the order of three band-pass filters, a 1-kHz figure of 4 milliseconds. 55 bandpass filter 310 for tone one, a 3 kHz bandpass

Therefore, the tone two filters 312 and a 2 kHz bandpass filter emitted by the transducer 76 occur acoustic signals in the manner shown in FIG. 3 314 for tone three. The three signals' are in the on. When the depth signal is transmitted, the comparators 316, 318 and 320 are compared respectively, first pulse tone one (P ₁ ) once a second The output signals of the comparators are

on (time interval T ₁ ). The variable delay 60 square-wave pulses at the same frequency as the guide arrangement 54 (FIG. 2) is arranged so that input signals are given thereon. For example, the variably delayed pulse generated thereby leads the 1 kHz and consequently tone two (P ₂ ) fed to the comparator 316 to a specific pulse to a 1 kHz square wave output for the time during the interval from 20 to 400 the duration of the tone one of 4 milliseconds. Occurs milliseconds after P ₁ . As shown in Figure 2 ER- 65 The tone is set to a one shot multi-Clearly, therefore, sound occurs at the time T ₂ on two given vibrator 322, which 20 millisecond späwelcher proportional to that of the headline depth-ter a delayed output signal for setting probe 34 (Fig. 2) is measured depth. Flip-flops 324 to the on-state, whereby

9 10

the AND circuit 326 is opened. As long as the flip 368 remains an indicator output on the monostable flop 324 in the on-state, pulses can be multivibrator 348. The 900 millisecond output

on line 328 through AND circuit 326 to signal the same indicates that the receiving aperture

go to the counter indicated generally at 330. of the network is measured.

The output of the comparator 318 becomes 5. When the temperature is measured, the activates

given to the reset input of flip-flop 324 . Output line 370 the AND circuit 344, where-

Therefore, upon receipt of tone two, the AND- is generated by the temperature oscillator 336 with the counter

Circuit 326 is closed and no further 330 is connected. At the same time the conductor locks

Direct pulses on line 328 through counter ' 372 with reverse negative output the

330 counted. io AND circuit 342. If the temperature is not j

The pulses on line 328 go from Os- is measured, the AND circuit 342 is activated I

oscillators 332 off. There can be one oscillator for each and the oscillator 334 is therefore connected to the counter j

Variable be provided. Connected in the illustrated 330. :

However, the preferred embodiment is because depth. The monostable multivibrators 346 and 348 i

and receiving opening of the network in the same 15 have an output pulse length of 900 milliseconds

Units can be measured as a single os- cuent. Therefore they are automatically closed i

zillator 334 for this purpose and a temperature oscillator 336 reset when the point in time for switching the j

intended. These oscillators can be plugged into another variable. j

Be blocks so that they can be used for the purpose of changing the measure- The output signal of the power supply opening- j

unit, for example from foot to thread on Me- 20 Multivibrators 348 is on a lamp control \

ter or from ° F to ° C, can be exchanged quickly 374 in order to obtain a network receptacle opening j

the can. Conveniently, however, the Temzeige 376 has to be activated. The output signal of the mo- i

temperature oscillator 336 cannot be replaced, as the nostable temperature multivibrator 346 is set to (1

all fishermen are familiar with the Celsius scale, given a lamp control 377 to set a tempe- *

and the oscillator 334 only needs to transition from the temperature indicator 378 and a decimal point lamp

Meters can be exchanged on a thread. 380 to illuminate which in the display counters j

The output signals of oscillators 332 are attached to 330. If the receiving opening des', given to comparators 338 and 340 . The network or the depth is measured, ie if the square-wave output signals are not measured as an input temperature, the reversed signal is given to the two AND circuits 342 and 344 30 returned output signal of the temperature multivibra. The second inputs of the AND circuits gate 346 are given to the lamp control 382 in order to illuminate 342 and 344 individually at a time either the meter or thread display 384 or a certain point in time in a suitable manner from mono- 386 , what from the position of the sound-stable multivibrators 346, 348 (FIG. 5 A). ters 388 depends. Suitable decimal points 390 The output signals are illuminated at the OR circuit 35 'and 392 in the same way. If 347 are linked together and neither the temperature nor the receiving opening of the signal given to a binary divider flip-flop 349 are measured as an input network, the blocking outputs are used to buffer the output of the OR signals from the multivibrators 346 and 348 the device 347 is required. As a result, the IM AND circuit 394 is given. This then actuates pulses on line 328 for counting. 40 the lamp control 396 so that the depth display

Three display decades 330 can be used 398 is illuminated.

the. These are generated by a reset generator. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the

350 deferred. This can be done by pressing the inventive receiver to transmit other

Reset button 352 are operated. It is also variable, for example the salt content,

at the beginning of each count by receiving the tone 45 can be turned if you have suitable feelers

Pressed one that goes through AND circuit 354 is used. Further tones or sound impulses can

(which is then activated because the flip-flop 324 has remote measurement of more than three variables by the _{ZU r}

20 seconds delayed pulse from the flip can be used, or it can be, for example, the

flop 322 is not yet set). Transmission of a tone three both 7 milliseconds

As can be seen from Fig. 5A, the ands are 50 and 15 milliseconds after tone one

Circuits 342 and 344 in FIG. 5 B as follows - indicate transmission of a fourth variable,

activated: tone one is switched to a pair of mono- It can also be seen that other frequencies are

stable multivibrators 358 and 360 . Probably to increase the discernment of the

Multivibrator 358 results in a 7 millisecond receiver or to increase the number of

delayed output signal, and the multivibrator 360 55 transmitted variable can be used-

results in a recovery delayed by 15 milliseconds. After all, all tones or sound im-

output signal. These will have the same frequency as input signals on pulse. Since the transmitted

the flip-flops 362 and 364, respectively, each of which has variable information on the tape of 20

a 4-millisecond square-wave output pulse is limited to up to 400 milliseconds after tone one,

Reception of the delayed output signal from the 60 can be carried out by the receiver according to the invention

Multivibrator 358 and 360 generated. with currently used recorders from marine

Therefore, there is the AND circuit 366 which an echo sounder can be used. The multiple over-

Tone three 7 milliseconds after P ₁ receives, a display of each variable for several tones one

The output signal to the monostable multivibrator results in a "tone or sound impulse line"

346. The 900 millisecond output of the 65 autocorrelation.

ben indicates that the temperature is being measured. In the present embodiment, the

On the other hand, if tone three 15 milliseconds after the value displayed by the display device 330

Tone one is received, the AND circuit is in each case directly proportional to the period of time between

see the time elapses at which the first gate circuit 326 is opened after the arrival of the delayed first signal P ₁ , and the time at which the second signal F ₂ arrives. Of course, devices that are readily apparent to a person skilled in the art can also be provided.

those in which the value displayed by the display device 330 is not directly proportional to this period of time, but some other practical represents a realizable function, the function value of which is determined in each case by the specified time period will.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Receiver for acoustic underwater remote measurement, characterized by A) a counter (330), B) at least two oscillators (334, 336), which are those to be counted by the counter Generate counting pulses, C) a first gate circuit (326) which forwards pulses from the oscillators (334, 336) to the counter (330) during a time determined by the receipt of a first (P ₁ ) and a second (P.,) acoustic pulse is defined, and D) a second gate circuit (366, 368, 351) which couples only one of these oscillators (334 *, 336) to the first gate circuit (326) at a time that depends on the reception or non-reception of at least a third one (P _x ) acoustic impulse is dependent. "