DE1563835A1 - Electrodynamic machine with self-excitation - Google Patents

Description

HID! IMO il QTFU Ft / 1 AM Kl 85 NÜRNBERG 2

DIPL.-ΙΝΘ. H. STEHMANIM essenweinstrasse 4- *

DI PL.-P HYS. DR. K. S CHWEINZ E R tel: office 0911/203727 private: 7 «oo

TELEGRAM ADDRESS: STANDING PATENT

PATENT LAWYERS BANK ACCOUNTS:

1 Γ "Γ» O O O Γ DEUTSCHE BAN K A.G. NUREMBERG NO. M11M

IO Ο OO O O CHECK ACCOUNT: NUREMBERG 07081

lürnberg, 29, NOV. 19b 16/40

Stone & Company (Deptford), Deptford, London S.E. 14 / England

"Electrodynamic machine with self-excitation"

The invention relates to devices for exciting electrodynamic Machines ^ in particular synchronous generators with auxiliary exciter circuit with transistors or thyristors for Initiation or facilitation of the build-up of self-excitement.

When building the self-excitation of self-excited generators, difficulties arise when regulating the excitation Transistors or thyristors can be used. Similar difficulties arise with self-excited Y / ac electric machines with static excitation circuits due to the presence of chokes and transformers.

The invention is based on the object of such difficulties to eliminate when building up the self-excitation of electrodynamic machines "

To solve this problem is in an electrodynamic machine

000826/0268 ^ ₂ .

with switching means for initiating or facilitating the build-up of self-excitation according to the invention between the machine and an auxiliary transistor or thyristor circuit for convenience the structure of the self-excitation a bridge circuit containing non-linear resistors, arranged in such a way that the auxiliary circuit at low bridge input voltage switched on and switched off by changing the polarity of the output voltage of the bridge circuit, if the input voltage at the bridge circuit is one of the normal output voltage the value corresponding to the electrodynamic machine is reached.

According to a development of the invention, the bridge circuit can so arranged and constructed that a parallel to the exciter controller lying transistor or thyristor on or is switched off, or in such a way that a transistor or thyristor is switched on or off, which in turn by means of a Begel circuit or the control circuit of a controller is or can be switched on and off.

and benefits
Further features / of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings, which illustrate selected embodiments of the invention, for example and without restrictive significance. Ss shows

. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a first embodiment the invention ι

009825/0268 -3-

Fig. 2 is a more detailed maintenance scheme a second embodiment of the invention, and

5 ¹ Ig * 5 and 4- each show an Öcbaltschema a third and fourth embodiment of the invention.

In the embodiment shown in Figo 1 is a Field winding 1 of a self-excited three-phase alternating current machine (Synchronous generator) 2 normally by means of a three-phase main rectifier 3 and a static regulator 4 » for example a magnetic amplifier. To the

Terminal 5 can carry a direct current load - if necessary et.ne Containing battery - and / or an alternating current load to terminals 6 be connected.

The regulator 4 or «whose regulating effect on the field current is controlled by means of a transistor 7. As can be seen from Figo 1, the emitter-collector circuit of the transistor 7 is parallel to the cone 4 and the base-emitter circuit is parallel to a diagonal a bridge 8, which is in two opposite bridge branches Non-linegre resistors 9 and in the two other branches of the bridge ordinary, optionally adjustable, resistors having. Advantageously, the resistors 9 are voltage-dependent Resistors (varistors) used, for example under the name "Metrosil" from the Metropolitan company Vickers Ltd. be put on the market and the semiconductor material on the basis of silicon carbide.

009825/0268

The second diagonal of the bridge support 8 is about one Auxiliary rectifier bridge 11 connected to the secondary winding of a single-phase step transformer 12, its pirimary winding between two phases of the alternator 2 if ο a series resistor 13 and a smoothing capacitor 14 can be provided between the bridges 8 and 11 will.

The resistance values of the non-linear resistors 9 and the normal resistors 10 are matched to one another in such a way that under the conditions under which the excitation must be built up in the field winding, i. when the output voltage of the alternating current phase and thus the supply voltage of the bridge is low, the transistor 7 is switched to a voltage which makes it conductive, whereby the regulator 4 is short-circuited so that the highest possible current through'die field winding 2 can flow ^. Reaches the other hand, the A usgangsspannung the alternator their STormalwert, the bridge 8 is due to the decrease of the resistance of non-linear resistors 9 reversed from their equilibrium, and the transistor 7 is turned off, the controller so that x 4 its normal control action can exert on the excitation.

Instead of short-circuiting the regulator 4, a transistor circuit for controlling the regulating effect of a can be arranged in a similar manner Controller, for example a transistor controller such

0 09825/026 8

BATH ORIGINAL

be provided that the field winding 2 * the maximum current is supplied under agitation up conditions & e ₀ The inventive circuit can also be used in arrangements in which a transistor circuit controlled by a Hegler wirdo In FIG _o 2 is described in detail an embodiment of such a circuit shown In addition to the regulated field winding 1, the alternating current machine 2 has an unregulated auxiliary reverse winding 1a - and le Idschalttransistorsen 17 control. The regulator shown in Fig. 2 has the known double regulation _s at the voltages ^ which are proportional to the output current and to the output voltage of the alternating current machine, on the part 18 of a voltage divider circuit from Y / i which was 18 _? 19 are applied «, the voltage proportional to the output current is converted via an electric current converter 20, an adjustable output selector 21 and a rectifier 22 _? The voltage proportional to the output voltage, however, is obtained via a three-phase rectifier 23 which simultaneously supplies the excitation current for the windings 1 and 1a. The value of the regulated voltage can be set to _{0 by means of adjustable V / i resistors in the voltage divider circuit 18 9} 19.

The mode of action of the Hegler itself when regulating the excitation of the S ¹ O-Id winding 1 via the transistor 17 is known per se;

: 00i82S / 028i BATH

not mandatory. jSs it should be pointed out that the at part 18 of the voltage divider 18, 19 taken voltage of a Zener diode 24 is applied, which is arranged in this way is that it becomes conductive when the output voltage of the alternator reached the required regulated voltage value. Through this Zener diode 24 only a substantial current flows as long as until the breakdown voltage is reached, however, this is exceeded, the current increases with a slight increase in voltage

included

strongly on «The / resulting signal is used to regulate operation of transistor 16 is used, which in turn regulates the output frequency of the multivibrator The multivibrator

and

controls the operation of the transistor 17 / thus also the rms value of the main field current. The input voltage of the multivibrator is limited in this embodiment by a circuit consisting of a Zener diode 25 and a transistor 26 »

A Zener diode 27 and a thyristor 28 ensure protection against excessive output voltage of the alternating current machine. Field winding 1 de-energized A varistor 30, S ₀ Bo of the type of a voltage-dependent resistor known under the trade name "Metrosil"_; provides protection against inductive shocks.

The transistors 17 are via a bridge circuit 8 with; the_

controlled by contained or connected with this ^ switching elements 9-1

009825/0268

BATH

which are arranged in the same way as in the embodiment according to fig. .1, "with - the difference, however, that a bridge diagonal is connected in parallel to the transistors 17 to triggers the multivibrator 1516 and thereby to switch on the transistors 17, the bridge circuit 8 is in such an imbalance that it supplies a voltage which makes these transistors 17 effective, so that in the Field winding 1 the excitation is built up quickly «, When the voltage of the alternating current machine increases against its normal value, a point is reached at which the bridge 8 comes into the opposite imbalance state ₃ at which the regulator works and is able to transistors 17 in a normal manner to ruIes ₀ This folding the imbalance condition of the bridge 8 causes so no switching off of the transistor 17 '

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the. Bridge 8 a transistor 8ji is arranged, which prevents that the polarity reversed bridge output voltage as a result of one due to load switching or a battery fuse blown or the like, the voltage surge caused assumes an excessively high value

In the case of the in lig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the invention the field winding 1 is normally connected via supply lines'

000825/0268

■ -8- ·

δ *

fed with rectified current which is supplied by a static excitation unit 36, the means for voltage regulation may contain.

The field winding 1 can also be used via an isolated step-down transformer 37, a thyristor bridge circuit 38 and a rectifier bridge 39 are fed in of the thyristor bridge circuit 38 is due to the output voltage • of the bridge 8 with the contained therein or »connected with it Switching elements 9-12 (which are also arranged as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1) controlled. Bridge 8 is like that arranged and designed so that the thyristor circuit 38 is switched on by them for the passage of the excitation current to the field winding 1 as long becomes like the output voltage of the alternator is low, but this is switched off and the supply of the field winding 1 of the static control unit 36 is left when this output voltage has reached its normal value »

Such an arrangement can be used in all self-regulating alternating current machines in which a combination of Voltage and current transformers is used via a to generate a constant output voltage in a certain load and power factor change range. This enables use of Permanent magnet exciters or relay devices, as they are often used to initiate the build-up of excitation in such alternating current machines used unnecessarily.

0 0 9825/0268 _ ₉ _

The one in Pig. 4 illustrated embodiment of the invention Arrangement will be the alternator 2

- ■■■; - ^Χ ^ Φ ■■
by means of a secondary regulator 39 of the magnetic type

Amplifier, and this in turn is controlled by a Main voltage regulator 40 controlled «. The field winding 1 is

^ft> · and

Current is supplied via an alternating current winding 41 of the regulator 3'9 / a rectifier 42 o The winding 41 can, however, be _{short-circuited by corresponding thyristor circuits 3Sa 1} , 38b and 38 £, each of which is connected to the switching elements 8-12 in the manner already described. Here, too, the thyristor circuits 38a to 38c are switched on by the bridge 8 when the output voltage of the alternating current machine is low and, on the other hand, switched off when this output voltage has "reached" its normal nominal value,

- patent claims -

009328/0268

Claims (1)

J. Stone & Company (Deptford) LtcL Nuremberg, den Deptford. London S ₀ W. 14, England 16/40 Claims Electrodynamic machine, especially synchronous generator, with transistor and / or thyristor circuits to initiate or facilitate self-excitation, characterized in, that a bridge circuit between the machine and the switching means to initiate or facilitate the build-up of self-excitation it is provided that this bridge circuit contains non-linear resistors, and that this bridge circuit is so arranged and is arranged that the switching means for initiating or facilitating the excitation are switched on when the input voltage of the bridge circuit is low and this switching means by reversing the polarity of the output voltage of the bridge circuit switched off when the input voltage of the bridge circuit corresponds to the standard output voltage of the machine Has reached value. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the Bridge circuit is used to connect and disconnect a transistor or thyristor circuit connected to an excitation regulator. 3 · Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bridge circuit is designed in such a way that a tran- ^: t- or thyristor circuit is switched on and off by means of it 009825/0268 by means of a control loop or a control loop of an excitation controller is switched on or off «, 4- * Alternator according to one or more of the claims 1 to 3, characterized by those associated with the Brackens cha ltung Step transformer. 5ο generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the Excitation current during the build-up of the excitation as well as during the Normal operation is taken from one and the same circuit. β «: generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the Excitation current during the build-up of excitation over another Circuit of the alternating current machine is taken as during their normal operation. ■ 7 · Generator according to claim 1 and one or more of claims 4 to 6, characterized by a circuit with Peld switching transistors, which are controlled by a multivibrator transistor circuit during normal operation and by a bridge circuit while the excitation is being built up, to regulate the excitation current * ^ r ~ ^: 8. Generator according to claim 1 and one or more of claims 4 to 6 _f. Characterized by a magnetic amplifier circuit, deeeen Alternating Current WieklungCen ) is (are) so arranged that ^ they during the build-up of the excitation. mediumB transistor or • Ihyristor circuit (s) are short-circuited to control the 00982S / 0268 brisk flow ,, Blank page