DE1558619B2 - PERMANENT MAGNET PRODUCED BY POWDER METALLURGICAL WAYS - Google Patents
PERMANENT MAGNET PRODUCED BY POWDER METALLURGICAL WAYSInfo
- Publication number
- DE1558619B2 DE1558619B2 DE1968N0031971 DEN0031971A DE1558619B2 DE 1558619 B2 DE1558619 B2 DE 1558619B2 DE 1968N0031971 DE1968N0031971 DE 1968N0031971 DE N0031971 A DEN0031971 A DE N0031971A DE 1558619 B2 DE1558619 B2 DE 1558619B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- powder metallurgical
- compound
- magnet produced
- values
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
- C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen auf pulvermetallurgischem Wege hergestellten Dauermagneten aus feinen Teilchen der Verbindung C05R, in der R Seltene Erden bedeutet.The invention relates to a permanent magnet produced by powder metallurgy fine particles of the compound C05R, in which R means rare earths.
In der Zeitschrift J. Phys. Chem. Solids 16 (1960), S. 123/137, ist zwar die Verbindung Co5R mit R = La oder Ce erwähnt, gleichzeitig wird aber darauf hingewiesen, daß es ungewiß ist, ob sich die Verbindung Co5La gebildet hat. Außerdem ist auch nicht angegeben, daß sich diese Verbindungen für Dauermagnete eignen könnten.In the journal J. Phys. Chem. Solids 16 (1960), p. 123/137, although the compound Co 5 R with R = La or Ce is mentioned, at the same time it is pointed out that it is uncertain whether the compound Co 5 La was formed. In addition, there is no indication that these compounds could be suitable for permanent magnets.
Dauermagnete, bei denen R = La oder eine Kombination von mindestens drei Elementen der Seltenen Erden ist, sind jedoch Gegenstand der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung P 15 58 550.9-24. Die feinen Teilchen, aus denen diese Magnete aufgebaut sind, weisen eine hohe Sättigungsmagnetisierung σ und einen hohen ///^Wert auf. Die Dauermagnete selbst weisen ein hohes (BH)max-Produkt und ebenfalls eine hohe \HC auf.Permanent magnets in which R = La or a combination of at least three rare earth elements are the subject of the earlier German patent application P 15 58 550.9-24. The fine particles that make up these magnets have a high saturation magnetization σ and a high /// ^ value. The permanent magnets themselves have a high (BH) max product and also a high \ H C.
Wenn für R eine Kombination einiger Seltenen Erden A, B usw. gewählt wird, stellt es sich heraus, daß die iHc~ und σ-Werte der betreffenden Co5R-TeiIchen häufig aus den Beiträgen von ACo5, BCo5 usw. im ganzen vorhergesagt werden können, dies mit Rücksicht auf die Mengen A, B usw., die relativ in der Verbindung vorhanden sind. So kann beispielsweise von kleinen Teilchen einer Verbindung Ai-^BxCo5 mit 0<x< 1 σ als Funktion von χ linear verlaufen. Versuche haben jedoch ergeben, daß von einer Verbindung Ai-^BxCo5 bei einer bestimmten Wahl von A, B die magnetischen Eigenschaften der Teilchen überraschenderweise nicht linearIf a combination of some rare earths A, B etc. is chosen for R, it turns out that the iH c ~ and σ values of the Co 5 R particles in question are often derived from the contributions of ACo 5 , BCo 5 etc. im whole can be predicted, taking into account the quantities A, B, etc., which are relatively present in the compound. For example, small particles of a compound Ai- ^ B x Co 5 with 0 <x < 1 σ can run linearly as a function of χ. However, experiments have shown that, surprisingly, of a compound Ai- ^ B x Co 5 , the magnetic properties of the particles are not linear with a certain choice of A, B
AusführungsbeispieleWorking examples
zu χ verlaufen. Auch die (BH)nm- und iHc-Werte der Dauermagnete, die aus derartigen Teilchen aufgebaut sind, weisen in Abhängigkeit von χ einen ungewöhnlichen Verlauf auf.run to χ. The (BH) nm - and iH c - values of the permanent magnets, which are made up of such particles, also show an unusual course as a function of χ.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Dauermagnete auf der Basis C05R zu schaffen mit /Hc- und (BH)maA-Werten, welche in Abhängigkeit von χ ein Maximum durchlaufen.The invention is based on the object of creating permanent magnets based on C05R with / H c and (BH) maA values which pass through a maximum as a function of χ.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Dauermagneten eingangs erwähnter Art gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß R gleich Lai _*Ce, mit χ zwischen 0,2 und 0,6 ist.This object is achieved in a permanent magnet of the type mentioned at the beginning according to the invention in that R is equal to Lai _ * Ce, with χ between 0.2 and 0.6.
Die Kurven 1 und 2 zeigen, wie die 0- und iHc- Werte der kleinen Teilchen dieser Verbindung in Abhängigkeit von χ verlaufen. Statt des erwarteten linearen Zusammenhangs weist \HC ein Maximum auf. Auch die σ-Werte weisen einen unerwarteten Verlauf als Funktion von χ auf; für 0<x<0,4 bleibt σ nahezu konstant, um für x> 0,4 bis zu dem zu der Verbindung CeCo5 gehörenden σ abzunehmen.Curves 1 and 2 show how the 0 and iH c values of the small particles of this compound vary as a function of χ . Instead of the expected linear relationship, \ H C has a maximum. The σ-values also show an unexpected course as a function of χ ; for 0 <x <0.4 σ remains almost constant in order to decrease for x> 0.4 up to the σ belonging to the compound CeCo 5.
Es sei bemerkt, daß die erwähnten /MrWerte immer die maximal erreichbaren Werte sind. Der an Teilchen einer bestimmten Lai -JtCex-Co5-Verbindung gemessene /f/c-Wert ist nämlich abhängig von der Größe und der Deformation der Teilchen. Die in der graphischen Darstellung erwähnten Werte sind immer an den in dieser Hinsicht optimalen willkürlich orientierten Teilchen gemessen.It should be noted that the / Mr values mentioned are always the maximum achievable values. The / f / c value measured on particles of a specific Lai -JtCe x -Co 5 compound depends on the size and deformation of the particles. The values mentioned in the graph are always measured on the arbitrarily oriented particles that are optimal in this respect.
Die Kurven 3 und 4 zeigen, wie bei einem Dauermagneten aus den obenerwähnten feinen Teilchen die iHc und das (BH)max-Produkt in Abhängigkeit von χ verlaufen. Beide Kurven weisen Maxima auf. Curves 3 and 4 show how the iHc and the (BH) max product depend on χ in the case of a permanent magnet composed of the above-mentioned fine particles. Both curves have maxima.
Es sei bemerkt, daß die /Hc-Werte, aus denen die Kurve 3 hervorgeht, in der Vorzugsrichtung der Magnetisierung gemessen worden sind.It should be noted that the / Hc values from which curve 3 emerges were measured in the preferred direction of magnetization.
Wie aus den Kurven 3 und 4 hervorgeht, weist für 0,2<x<0,6 der Magnet einen (BH)max-Wert auf, der dem von LaCo5 gleich ist oder höher ist als dieser Wert, während iHc höher ist als jene an einem LaCo5-Magneten gemessene.As can be seen from curves 3 and 4, for 0.2 <x <0.6 the magnet has a (BH) max value which is equal to or higher than that of LaCo 5 , while iH c is higher than that measured on a LaCo 5 magnet.
Die besten Werte von iHc und (BH)ma* werden, wie aus dem Verlauf der Kurven 3 und 4 hervorgeht, dann erreicht, wenn 0,2 < x< 0,4 ist.The best values of iH c and (BH) ma * are reached, as can be seen from the course of curves 3 and 4, when 0.2 < x < 0.4.
Br(G) ,Hc (Oe)Br (G) , H c (Oe)
(M · GOe)(M GOe)
1. LaCo5 1. LaCo 5
2. CeCo5
3.2. CeCo 5
3.
Die ersten beiden Verbindungen dienen lediglich als Vergleich zu den Verbindungen 3 und 4 nach der Erfindung.The first two compounds serve only as a comparison to compounds 3 and 4 according to the invention.
Hierzu 2 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 2 sheets of drawings
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6700998A NL6700998A (en) | 1967-01-21 | 1967-01-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1558619A1 DE1558619A1 (en) | 1970-05-06 |
DE1558619B2 true DE1558619B2 (en) | 1977-06-30 |
Family
ID=19799069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1968N0031971 Granted DE1558619B2 (en) | 1967-01-21 | 1968-01-17 | PERMANENT MAGNET PRODUCED BY POWDER METALLURGICAL WAYS |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3523836A (en) |
AT (1) | AT280624B (en) |
BE (1) | BE709654A (en) |
CH (1) | CH514222A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1558619B2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK117514B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1553242A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1195333A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6700998A (en) |
NO (1) | NO122139B (en) |
SE (1) | SE324021B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1604641A (en) * | 1967-11-15 | 1972-01-03 | ||
US3839102A (en) * | 1967-11-15 | 1974-10-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Permanent magnet |
US3664892A (en) * | 1968-01-31 | 1972-05-23 | Gen Electric | Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics |
NL6906305A (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1970-10-27 | ||
US4063971A (en) * | 1969-08-08 | 1977-12-20 | Th. Goldschmidt Ag | Method of increasing the coercive force of pulverized rare earth-cobalt alloys |
NL6919154A (en) * | 1969-12-20 | 1971-06-22 | ||
FR2110755A5 (en) * | 1970-10-29 | 1972-06-02 | Sermag | |
US3755007A (en) * | 1971-04-01 | 1973-08-28 | Gen Electric | Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles |
US4378258A (en) * | 1972-03-16 | 1983-03-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy |
FR2182635B1 (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1978-03-03 | Sermag | |
US4075042A (en) * | 1973-11-16 | 1978-02-21 | Raytheon Company | Samarium-cobalt magnet with grain growth inhibited SmCo5 crystals |
DE2632126C2 (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-05-24 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Polarized miniature relay |
US4174966A (en) * | 1978-12-15 | 1979-11-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | High coercive force rare earth metal-cobalt magnets containing copper and magnesium |
US4537850A (en) * | 1983-08-30 | 1985-08-27 | Wilfred Smeiman | Process and apparatus for rejuvenating electrostatic copy machine toner |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2813789A (en) * | 1952-04-08 | 1957-11-19 | Glaser Louis | Permanent magnet alloys |
US3102002A (en) * | 1960-03-25 | 1963-08-27 | Univ Pittsburgh | Ferromagnetic materials prepared from lanthanons and transition metals |
US3326637A (en) * | 1963-12-27 | 1967-06-20 | Ibm | Ferromagnetic intermetallic compounds and method of preparation |
US3342591A (en) * | 1964-08-31 | 1967-09-19 | Ibm | Ferromagnetic compounds and method of preparation |
US3421889A (en) * | 1966-01-13 | 1969-01-14 | Us Air Force | Magnetic rare earth-cobalt alloys |
US3424578A (en) * | 1967-06-05 | 1969-01-28 | Us Air Force | Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn |
-
1967
- 1967-01-21 NL NL6700998A patent/NL6700998A/xx unknown
-
1968
- 1968-01-17 DE DE1968N0031971 patent/DE1558619B2/en active Granted
- 1968-01-18 GB GB2712/68A patent/GB1195333A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-01-18 CH CH75468A patent/CH514222A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-01-18 SE SE675/68A patent/SE324021B/xx unknown
- 1968-01-18 DK DK19368AA patent/DK117514B/en unknown
- 1968-01-18 AT AT52568A patent/AT280624B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-01-18 NO NO68212A patent/NO122139B/no unknown
- 1968-01-19 FR FR1553242D patent/FR1553242A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-01-19 BE BE709654D patent/BE709654A/xx unknown
- 1968-01-19 US US699232A patent/US3523836A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1558619A1 (en) | 1970-05-06 |
DK117514B (en) | 1970-05-04 |
FR1553242A (en) | 1969-01-10 |
CH514222A (en) | 1971-10-15 |
SE324021B (en) | 1970-05-19 |
US3523836A (en) | 1970-08-11 |
NL6700998A (en) | 1968-07-22 |
BE709654A (en) | 1968-07-19 |
AT280624B (en) | 1970-04-27 |
NO122139B (en) | 1971-05-24 |
GB1195333A (en) | 1970-06-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |