DE1557797A1 - Device for separating plants grown in rows - Google Patents

Description

Torriohtung bus Terel islands from plants grown in rows

for this registration the priority tob 3 January 1966 is au the USA patent application Serial Ιο. 518 131 in claim genoa-

sen «

The invention relates to a Torriohtung from Terelnelen ron Hutspflanaen grown in rows bit one along the. Fflanien row movable frame, the cooling organs for plants and a Iopulse controlled by the PÜhlorganen duroh Fflansenbeeeltlgungsorgan carries.

Devices of this type are known per se. For example, British patent 615 111 describes a torrent sub Terelneln ron plants grown in rows, the swel by which actuated the electrical conductivity of the plants Has filling organs. The two sensory organs are located one above the other, so that the Torriohtung only responds to f lausen, the bind grown so high that they old the upper sensory organ come into contact. The Torriohtung can be so held, that all plants which only bit the lower ptthlorgan in

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running koaaen, Temiohtet and only planting those stand still, the old two sensory organs coaaa in contact; but it can also be switched so that all plants that. just stand in touch with the lower sensory organ stay and only those plants are ruled out that are old both sensor genes are in contact. The election of the su Terniohtsnden Planting is therefore always carried out according to the However, the size of the device does not glow, in a row from the same large planting s.B. every «wide, third or Animal plants sweet

From British patent specification 663 726 a small device is known which is controlled by a photoselle. The aeohanlsohen plant disposal organs of this device, if they are not stopped, seretttren all plants exceptionally, but if the photoselle detects a plant bestiaater öröeee, the disposal organs for courses are put out of action, so that this plant remains. The device is therefore more suitable for removing small weeds in a row of plants than sub-association. In view of its coaplated construction, it is also susceptible to sterility, and it can also easily result in errors that are based on the fora of the respective plants. Even if the plants are not standing properly, the device does not work properly, and a subsequent separation of sand will result in torgenopsies In which case a further orderly work is not possible after cleaning this window.

With an aeohanical plant feeling organ is the British patent 900 288 described device equipped, the .sub association τοη in a number of plants grown or sur elimination τοη weeds in a bed of plants imat is. This device works in such a way that a planting

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seltlgungeorgiui Every time the sensory organ detects a plant "" in front of this plant is free. As a result, the device is well suited for the removal of ■ Wipe the Vutspflanssn waeheendeöweeds. But if you sua Association is used, it eliminates every width in a leg of lutspflansen, which are attached at regular intervals Plant. Ss is not aöglioh, old of this device lutspflansen so su izeln »this in a row τοη in Only one in three of them was grown at the same distance Fflanse is eliminated. _

A similar device sub-isolate τοη Bauawollpflansen is known from USA-Batentsohrift 1,303,798. Auon this device is only instsnde, one place at a time before each τοη the Füalorgan established plant frtisusohneiden.

The U8A-Patentflchrift 2 507 001 describes an electrically controlled device sub Terelneln Ton Pflansen. This device works bit of a biotoselle which has a window of a certain shape which corresponds to the shape of the hat frame. for zuokerrttbenpflansungen the window tB is designed as a triangle standing on the apex, so that the light beam τοη each entepreohend forforated plant is covered in a roll, while it is covered τοη slender stalks of the weeds growing swisohen the suoker beet plant never rolls. The electrical circuit is arranged in such a way that the plants that completely cover the photosellar window remain standing, the rest of which, when passing the photo cell, a beam of light enters the latter, but are eliminated.This means that this device can only be removed τοη weed is suitable because it has a different fora than the hatspefiansen, while all plants τοη the same hair as the hatspflansen remain. Apart from the fact that the device is sub club - drho äuf? Eliminating a bestlasaten plant in a row gleichtti Pflanacn- uc ^ @ is suitable, it has the further Haohdass that they examples such weeds, whose leaves

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the photocell completely dismantled, not eliminated, and that the reliability, as in the case of the device British patent 665 726, due to the high quality of the Soiling of the PhotozeHe window is impaired.

The separating device also conforms to the USA patent ahrift 2 592 689 works with a photocell and is therefore for the same reason susceptible to malfunctions due to soiling of the photo cell window. This is also the case built in such a way that it is only able to place one spot immediately behind each plant detected by the photocell to free beans so that it is not possible, for example every third plant in a row of equally spaced to eliminate cultivated hatchery plants.

The same main parts also occur with the device U.S. Patent 3,181,618, which is also duroh a near-ground photocell is controlled and positioned so that in front of and behind each of the photocell detected plant is cut free. Another major part of this device is that • The beginning and the end of each row of plants need more Ordnungsgeaäae can work as soon as the sensing organ is not a hatching plant very noticeable, so that the planter has to stick pieces or wires into the ground at these points when the singulation carried out properly at both ends of the row of plants shall be.

The invention is based on the object of a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is available in a number of equidistant intervals cultivated hatchery plants automatically always only one starred To eliminate the plant and to leave several plants in succession, and in which the plant sensory organs differ photocells are largely insensitive to being splashed with mud.

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According to the invention, this is achieved by the fact that the sensing organs are switched to "daaa eis only then send out an impulse" mwa. you a bestifflsit © Ansah! Bflassen is certain »MiüitelpunkteabbetHiiden f @ stollen from each other, and-du® P £ l & nsenb @ a <iitig3igsorgan so arranged

-it. tob <äen by the VOtalosganea determined plant a @ rstürt _e

As a result of this type of construction, it speaks of the benevolence and the distance between the plants under control en. The Torrlohtung is applicable to all® Hutapflanaen « which on a monte of a plant per hill in the plant * » row should be singled out »It is particularly suitable for Crop plants grown in rows, such as sugar beets, cotton and the like. The device contains details of an execution forum a memory that enables them to move between crops and weeds, and in the case of row crops such as beets, there are a greater number of plants to leave, as it is with the previously known devices this kind was possible.

When the seedlings in the plant row are exactly in the previously determined distances are, the separation can be Carry out with the device according to the invention at a later point in time than previously under the same planting conditions was possible. You inventive device for Isolation of plants can therefore be done at a later point in time or extending the season of the first vegetable wax turns are used, giving the planter the opportunity is opened to work with plants that have already developed more strongly.

The invention also enables the use of chemical ones instead of mechanical isolation processes, so that mechanical Root damage can be avoided, as they sometimes do caused by mechanical separation devices »

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The separating device according to the invention is only in rare cases misled by sohädliohe plants or weeds.

One embodiment of the invention relates .sich to a chemical separation device equipped with sensing organs, which can be used in connection with crops, which thrive in a row of seeds under a plastic top layer. The device according to the invention is preferred used for rows of seeds that have been planted under precision conditions, when only one stand is included Plant per hill of the seed row should be, with the natural Circumstances to be taken into account, which are an eolohe Cultivation method currently not permitted. The planting system can can be used without risk if, for safety reasons, twice as many seeds are planted as emergent plants be desired.

The invention even offers sufficient security to use politicized seeds, whereby the seed intake ■ e is accelerated very much. This is of particular concern when keeping high-valued vegetables under control Need to become.

The device according to the invention selectively destroys certain Plants in a row by means of an electronically controlled sensing arrangement, which determines the final distance which automatically controls the plants in the plant row.

To further explain the invention, reference is made to the drawings.

Pig. 1 is a side view of one equipped with sensing organs Separation device with a mechanical plant organizer.

Figure 2 is an enlarged section taken along line 2-2 of Figo 1.

Flg. 3 is a schematic side view of one with sensing organs equipped plant singling device that makes use of a chemical separation process and

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f @ ta & @ M @ Re @ nffiÄMse- teas d £ # fflaast aislit immediately from-

₈ 'what si® -Mt öaeiaiteli © n is sprayed. Fig * 4 is a forgotten view of his special geaant © rteeoher® ffe ti © Torriehtuag g®mäse fig. 3 · is @! B® eofe®m-sti © sli @ SsiteBa ^ there is another d © i St®m © si5® © lisaiBimis flfe you Yorrio & tiMg

fig, 6 aeigt an ax ^ © itgi @ © lieffia fto you device geoiae

? ig '»- 7 inducedattolloht Ü® Vesetna gelagewirkung der Yor- @ies lig. 1 od®i> gee & ss fig ο 5 »

If a © i "growing! © lM®smatsp the Saaen ilmimn in exactly the same AbetttMen gepflanst w © _sfien? in which the plants should stand apart? run many times less than the expected number of Fflana © ^ mt _t because the seeds are usually not tou 100 ^ keiat ,, s @ that Si® E @ ike © in the lower crop

is has "they ®w sur aasi ^ alen" irtsohaftliohen Ausdes Bod®n © required »Ss is therefore common that Saaegg into closer Abatttnden m pflans @ n ₉ / intended as them for accrued Fflansen" and then "naohdea the predominant Part of the Fflanaen has accumulated »the series au ■ club. This mode of operation requires either expensive manual labor or the use of mechanical telening devices, which do not know which of the ovarian plants are to be isolated. In any case, lOB projects are closed and the "full economic utilization of the soil" is not achieved.

When growing sugar beets β, Β · the sases are planted at precise distances from one another, which are half as large as the desired distances between the fully grown plants. If EB is confirmed that the ideal number of plants in a VeId.'25 ₍ 4 © n, the seeds are planted at intervals of 12.7 em , 3 154 031 and 5 154 032 besob? Ieben @ a? Orrlchtunge & or in any other way, so-

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even by hand, provided that only the individual Seeds are planted at precisely defined distances from one another, in the present case at intervals of 12.7 cm

After planting, plant row 10 is allowed to germinate and when the plants have emerged completely, left run along a separating device over the row of plants 10, un to cut out or otherwise destroy those plants 11 which are deemed to be surplus. The one in Pig. 1 and 2 shown device has three sensing elements 12, 13 and 14 which are attached to the sole 15 and run immediately over the floor 16 and thereby the accrued Identify plants. The sensory organs are at exactly the same distance 17 from one another as the planted seeds, in which the distances 18 in the case of sugar beets are 12.7 om.

The sensors 12, 13 »14 actuate the associated, normally open limit switches 19» 20 or «21, which by means of the lines 22 and 23 behind one another and at one end with the power supply 24 and at the other end duroh line 25 with the power supply connector 26 of the drive motor 27 for the degree of isolation are connected, which is attached to the base 15 by means of the boom 28 «The other pole of the drive motor 27 is connected to the other power supply line 30.

On the shaft 31 of the drive motor 27 sits the hub 32 of the separation degree 33, from which the spokes 34 extend, the ends of which are formed by the separating spades 35. ,That Degree of isolation 33 is related to the direction of travel of the sled 15, so that the spade 35 is laterally with respect to the Move plant row 10 when the wheel 33 performs intermittent movements under the action of the rotor 27. The machine only comes into operation when it detects three emerged plants that are calibrated in the plant row 10 at intervals of 12.7 om from each other. When this happens, act

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the three sensory organs 12, 13 and 14 together and aohlieseen the Circuit, and the middle of the three plants 11 is through an organ * intended for this purpose, such as the wheel 33 », destroys the is operated by the current »that of the limit switches 19» and 21 is closed as soon as all three sensory organs are at the same time determine the presence of one plant each. This plant * zen elimination mechanism can be chemical, electrical or, as in the present example, be of a mechanical nature take place.

In the broadest sense, the device can be used, inter alia, to isolate any plant of a number of plants that have emerged at certain distances from one another. With lettuce, for example, two sensory organs can be used to eliminate one of the two emerged plants as undesirable. In other cases, if e.g. three, but not four If plants are to remain in a row, one can use four sensory organs to identify the undesired fourth plant destroy. In most cases it is the number of feeling organs the device by 1 greater than the number of plants that should remain at the distance at which the seeds were planted in the row of plants. If you do not have to · » additional sensing organ works, must be a collector or a equivalent organ can be used.

In the case of the in Flg. 3 and 4 chemical isolation device shown the fact must be taken into account that the plant 36 does not die immediately after spraying, but initially still stops and from the feeling organs is determined, so that this at aich the device in such a way would actuate that it sprinkles other neighboring plants To counter this difficulty is a fourth Sensing element 40 is provided, which is not the case with the three other sensing elements 12, 13 and 14, which put the spray nozzle 37 into action is directly interconnected, but only each time it comes into contact with a plant 11 in the plant row 10 comes, a trigger 41 is actuated.

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The sensor 40 causes the reader 41 to “intermittently” Actuate the strobe stop 43, the bit of the shaft 44 connected solder that the Kontaktarn 45 (Flg. 4) each and every one Place in front of the tok with one in alternating order Connection point 46 wipe the connection line 25 and the Power supply 30 via line 47 and then an intercom station 48 occupied, at which the connection between lines 25 and 47 is interrupted, so that the Stroafluss by the limit switches 19 »20 and 21 alternately and is interrupted and as a result the functions of the sensors 12, 13 and 14 are alternately activated and deactivated In this way, the sensing element 40 of the trigger Override the three sensing elements for the spray nozzle 37 · Before a plant is sprayed with this arrangement, buss the circuit through the three FUhlorgane 12, 13 and 14 must be closed, and the trigger 41 must be the circuit breaker have turned into one of the connection points 46} only then is a plant sprayed. The distance 40a between the feelers 40 and the sensor 14 must be smaller than the distance 17 between the sensors 12 and 13 and than the distance 17 between them the sensors 13 and 14 »usually the distance 40a is half as much as large as the distance 17. This ensures that only the plants that are to be removed are sprayed »

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the duroh Flg. 5 and 6, for example, sugar beets 11 isolated by the fact that a selected plant 11 is sprayed when three plants have emerged in a row at distances 18 of their centers of 12.7 ob from each other. tuck The device is similar to the device described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 with the four sensing organs, but there are two Sensing organs replaced by a memory holder 49.

This arrangement works as follows when the Slide 15 runs along a row 10 and the sensing element 50 detects a plant 11, the storage holder 49 remains

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in position 51 and the solenoid valve 39 does not open. The same is the case when the sensing element 53 divides a flange. If both sensing elements 53 and 50 each detect a plant at the same time, aev storage container 4-9 jumps into position 54; however, the solenoid valve 39 is still not actuated. The next time the two sensing elements 53 and 50 come into contact with one plant each, the storage holder 49 jumps into position 55, the solenoid valve 39 is opened, and the third plant 36 is sprayed. If, however, the two funlers 53 and 50 have each detected a plant at the same time and when only the sensor 50 or only the sensor 53 detects a plant the next time they come into contact with the plant, the storage holder 49 jumps back into position 51 and the work cycle starts again from the beginning.

A power source such as this is connected to the memory switch 49 Battery 56, connected so that the normally open limit switches 57 and 58 of the sensors 50 and 53, which are connected to the Speiohereohalter while the lines 59 are connected, the actuation of the Spelohersohalter 49, as described above, control o The solenoid valve 39 of the nozzle 37 is via lines 60, a delay relay 61 and lines 62 bits the memory bin 49 connected, the delay relay doing the job has to precisely control the position of the advancing nozzle 37 to the plant 36 and the spray jet from the nozzle 37 only in the moment of advance of the carriage 15 along the To trigger plant row 10 by ensuring that the ejected material is properly centered and the material to be eradicated Hits the plant completely. As Fig. 5 shows, the left of the three plants 11 are sprayed. Possibly however, the spray nozzle on the carriage 15 can be arranged to take any of the three depicted plants splattered.

The device according to the invention can also be designed in this way se lsi that they give the breeder the total number of in one Field accrued plantsj the number of accrued plants

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Plants that have been exterminated by isolation, and ale Difference of these two numbers the plant bed on the Sorry, this information can be of considerable importance for the breeder Be important »to stone the effectiveness of new methods, e.g. the effectiveness of Yereuohsfunglolden, -nenatooiden and the like, and to be able to accurately predict the yield of a given field. To obtain this information, a first counting device of a the sensing organs are actuated every time there is presence one? Plant detects, and a second counting device can be actuated by the signal that also the Plant removaleiiechanieiBue operated

? igo 7 explains the operation of the device read PIg. 1 or 3 when isolating a typical crop, such as sugar beet, which are planted at center-to-center distances of 12.7 on from each other and should be isolated in such a way that no three neighboring plants remain at mid-point spacings of 12.7 on. As the illustration shows for the first four sows in a row of plants, four seeds did not sprout at all, which is indicated by an X on the plant locations a, d, i and j. The plants that have emerged are marked with open circles would * the plants at e _t f, g and h and also at k, 1, η and η would wither due to their too dense stand. After isolation, plants f and 1 have been eliminated, and the growing conditions for plants e, g, h, k, η and η are more favorable

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Claims (1)

15577 £ 7 Precision Agricultural Machinery Company S-192 Pa ten tana ρ r ti o he 1ο Device zuDJ singling out in rows Plants o with a frame that can be moved along the row of plants » the sensory organs for plants and one through of the sensory organs emitted impulses activated plant removal organ carries, characterized in that the sensing organs (12, 13, H) are in such a manner are that they only send out an impulse when they have a certain number of neighboring plants (11) at certain center distances (18) from each other, and the plant removal organ (53-35; 37) so arranged Is that it destroys only one particular plant among the plants detected by the sensory organs. 2ο device according to claim 1, characterized in that with one of the feeling organs and the organ that eliminates plants Meter is connected » 3 ο device according to claim j or 2. characterized gekennzeiohhet, that the plant-removing organ rotates out of one to the running direction of the frame (15) mounted wheel (35) "consists of * whose spokes (34) carry spades (35) at their outer ends. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant removal organ is a spray nozzle (37), at least two Ftihlorgane (12-14) are provided, which are in the the same length distances (17) from each other, in which the ■■■■■■ - - 13 - _r . - _Έ 009819/0081 Documents (Art. 711, Paragraph 2, No. I, Clause 3 of the Amendment Act. V »4.9.19.6ZI ς 7 7 c-8-192 / (| 100 // ^ Plants are sown »and which are switched so that only then a signal is emitted when each of the sensing organs Plant notices, and that in the running direction of the frame (15) in front of the first (U) of the Pflanzenftthlorgan · and in one. Distance (4-Oa) from it, which is less than the distances (17) Bwiechen the sensing organs, an overriding sense organ (40) which, when it detects a plant, turns away a switch (43, 45) opens and closes the with the plant sensing organs (12-14) and the actuating organs (19-21; 59) for the plant removal organ (37) in series is switched. 5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the frame (15) in the running direction of the same one behind the other a pair of sensing members (50, 53), a spray nozzle (37) and a liquid glass supply line (38) are attached and between a trigger operated control valve (39) is provided between the supply line and the nozzle, while the trigger is connected to control organs which are actuated by the two sensing organs each time each of the two sensing organs comes into contact with one plant when moving the frame along the row of plants, BAD OR! G! I \ 'AL 14 - 009819/0081