DE1557215C

DE1557215C - Process for mixing gaseous or vaporous or similar substances and mixing device for carrying out the process

Info

Publication number: DE1557215C
Application number: DE19671557215
Authority: DE
Inventors: Der Anmelder Ist
Original assignee: Schoppe, Fritz, Dr Ing , 8026 Eben hausen
Priority date: 1967-07-19
Filing date: 1967-07-19
Publication date: 1973-05-10

Description

3 43 4

Verfahrens geeignete Mischvorrichtung anzugeben, F i g. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die Ausfüh-Process suitable mixing device to indicate, F i g. 1 a longitudinal section through the execution

bei dem ausgehend von dem eingangs beschriebenen rungsform,in the case of the approximation form described above,

Strömungsbild eine möglichst vollständige Durch- F i g. 2 einen Schnitt nach den Linien II-II inFlow pattern as complete a flow as possible. 2 shows a section along lines II-II in FIG

mischung der beiden Komponenten mit gleichbleiben- Fig. 1.Mixing the two components with the same - Fig. 1.

der Güte erzielt wird und die Konzentrationsunter- S Die erfindungsgemäße Mischvorrichtung ist in schiede am Ausgang der Mischvorrichtung auch bei F i g. 1 mit 10 bezeichnet. Die größere der beiden stark unterschiedlichen Mengenverhältnissen der zu Gasmengen wird radial oder tangential über einen mischenden Stoffe nicht von der Durchsatzgeschwin- Eintrittsstutzen 11 einem Sammelraum 12 zugeführt,the quality is achieved and the concentration under- S The mixing device according to the invention is shown in FIG differ at the output of the mixing device also in FIG. 1 denoted by 10. The larger of the two strongly different quantity ratios of the gas quantities is radial or tangential over a mixing substances are not fed from the throughput speed inlet nozzle 11 to a collecting space 12,

digkeit abhängen. von dem aus die Strömung über radiale Leitschafeln 13depend on age. from which the flow via radial guide plates 13

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch io in die Innenkammer 14 des Gasmischers eintritt, gelöst, daß der Stoff mit der anteilmäßig geringeren Diese Innenkammer 14 erweitert sich vom kleinsten Menge am abgeschlossenen Ende im Bereich der Durchmesser d auf eine Länge von L bis auf den Strömungsumkehr des axialen Rückstromes in diesen größten Durchmesser von JD. Die axiale Erstreckung eingeleitet wird. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Mitnahme der drallerzeugenden Leitschaufeln 13 beträgt b.
des beizumischenden Stoffes durch die abgebremste 15 F i g. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die radialen und umgelenkte Rückströmung erheblich gleich- Leitschaufeln 13, welche gegen die Umfangsrichtung mäßiger erfolgt als bei zentraler Einleitung in die Rück- einen Winkel cc bilden.This object is achieved according to the invention in the inner chamber 14 of the gas mixer, achieved that the substance with the proportionately smaller inner chamber 14 expands from the smallest amount at the closed end in the area of diameter d to a length of L up to the flow reversal of the axial return flow in this largest diameter of JD. The axial extension is initiated. It has been shown that the entrainment of the swirl-generating guide vanes 13 is b.
of the substance to be admixed by the braked 15 F i g. 2 shows a section through the radial and deflected return flow, which is considerably uniform - guide vanes 13, which take place more moderately towards the circumferential direction than with a central introduction into the back flow, form an angle cc.

strömung. Die Konzentrationsunterschiede können Zwecks Erzielung günstigster Mischverhältnisse istflow. The differences in concentration can be used to achieve the most favorable mixing ratios

auf diese Weise bis unter 1% gesenkt werden. es vorteilhaft, wenn die genannten Abmessungen imin this way can be reduced to below 1%. it is advantageous if the dimensions mentioned in

Eine zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeignete 20 folgenden Verhältnis zueinander stehen:
Mischvorrichtung, bestehend aus einem rotationssymmetrischen, sich in Hauptströmungsrichtung er- d = 1,5 bis 1,8 b
weiternden bzw. im Grenzfall zylindrischen, einseitig L — 5 bis 7 b
abgeschlossenen Rohrstück, bei dem am abgeschlosse- D = 3 bis 3,6 b
nen Ende Eintrittsöffnungen mit drallerzeugenden 25A suitable ratio for carrying out this procedure should be as follows:
Mixing device, consisting of a rotationally symmetrical one extending in the main flow direction er d = 1.5 to 1.8 b
widening or in borderline cases cylindrical, one-sided L - 5 to 7 b
Completed pipe section, in which the completed D = 3 to 3.6 b
nen end inlet openings with swirl-generating 25

Leitvorrichtungen für den Stoff anteilmäßig größerer Der Umfangswinkel der Leitschaufeln 13 gegen dieGuide devices for the substance proportionately larger The circumferential angle of the guide vanes 13 against the

Menge angeordnet sind, ist gemäß der Erfindung der- Umfangsrichtung soll bevorzugt zwischen 5 und 10° art ausgebildet, daß diese Eintrittsöffnungen in der liegen, wobei günstigste Werte bei 8 bis 8,5° liegen. Mantelfläche des Rohrstücks angeordnet sind und die Ferner ist es von Vorteil, den Austrittsquerschnitt 15 Eintrittsöffnung für den Stoff anteilmäßig geringerer 30 des Gasmischers vom größten Durchmesser D düsen-Menge als axialsymmetrischer Ringspalt oder axial- artig einzuziehen, um dadurch die Strömungsgeschwinsymmetrischer Kranz von Öffnungen in der das Rohr- digkeiten zu erhöhen und etwaige Zähigkeitskräfte stück am abgeschlossenen Ende begrenzenden Stirn- besser zu überwinden. Die kleinere der beiden zu wand ausgebildet ist, wobei der mittlere Durchmesser mischenden Gasmengen wird entsprechend F i g. 1 des Ringspalts oder Kranzes etwa das 0,6- bis 0,8fache 35 durch eine Zuführungsleitung 16 einem zentralen des Rohrdurchmessers an diesem Ende beträgt. Sammelraum 17 zugeführt, der durch einen dreh-Amount are arranged is, according to the invention, the circumferential direction should preferably be formed between 5 and 10 °, so that these inlet openings are in the, the most favorable values being 8 to 8.5 °. The outer surface of the pipe section are arranged and the furthermore it is advantageous to draw in the outlet cross section 15 inlet opening for the substance proportionately smaller 30 of the gas mixer of the largest diameter D nozzle quantity as an axially symmetrical annular gap or axially-like, in order to thereby create the flow rate-symmetrical ring of openings in the to increase the pipe conden- sity and to better overcome any toughness forces at the closed end delimiting the forehead. The smaller of the two is designed to be walled, the mean diameter of the mixing gas quantities being corresponding to FIG. 1 of the annular gap or ring is approximately 0.6 to 0.8 times 35 through a feed line 16 to a central one of the pipe diameter at this end. Collecting space 17 supplied, which is through a rotating

Die tangentiale Zuführung des Stoffes anteilsmäßig symmetrisch angeordneten Kranz von Bohrungen 18 größerer Menge ermöglicht das Anbringen einer hin- mit der Innenkammer 14 verbunden ist. Der Durchteren Stirnwand und erleichtert damit das Einleiten des messer des Lochkreises dieser Bohrungen 18 wird mit beizumischenden Stoffes durch Öffnungen in dieser 40 d_± bezeichnet. Selbstverständlich kann an Stelle des Wand. Wenn die Öffnungen in dem angegebenen Kranzes von Bohrungen 18 auch ein Ringspalt verBereich angeordnet sind, erfolgt die Einmischung wendet werden,
genau im Bereich der Strömungsumkehr. Wie Versuche zeigten, können die Konzentrations-The tangential supply of the substance proportionally symmetrically arranged ring of bores 18 of a larger number enables a connection to the inner chamber 14 to be made. The through end wall and thus facilitates the introduction of the knife of the hole circle of these holes 18 is denoted with substance to be mixed through openings in this 40 d _±. Of course, it can be used in place of the wall. If the openings in the specified ring of bores 18 are also arranged around an annular gap, the interference takes place,
exactly in the area of the flow reversal. As tests have shown, the concentration

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Durchmesser des Rohr- Schwankungen am Austrittsquerschnitt des Gasstücks am abgeschlossenen Ende etwa 1,5- bis l,8mal, 45 mischers unter 1 °/₀ gesenkt werden, wenn der Durchder Durchmesser am offenen Ende 3- bis 3,6mal und messer d_x derart gewählt ist, daß die zweite Gasmenge die Länge des Rohrstücks 5- bis 7mal größer als die gerade in den Bereich zwischen der sich umstülpenden axiale Länge der in der Mantelfläche angeordneten Rückströmung und der frisch eintretenden Haupt-Eintrittsöffnungen, strömung in die Innenkammer 14 eingeführt wird.Advantageously, the diameter of the pipe fluctuations at the outlet cross-section of the gas piece at the closed end is about 1.5 to 1.8 times, 45 times the mixer can be reduced below 1 ° / ₀ if the diameter at the open end is 3 to 3.6 times and knife d _{x is} chosen such that the second gas quantity is the length of the pipe section 5 to 7 times greater than the straight flow into the inner chamber 14 in the area between the everting axial length of the return flow arranged in the lateral surface and the freshly entering main inlet openings is introduced.

Um die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zur Ausschaltung 50 Dieses ist der Fall, wenn das Verhältnis
störender Einflüsse am Ausgang der MischvorrichtungTo switch the flow rate off 50 This is the case when the ratio
disturbing influences at the output of the mixing device

zu erhöhen, ist zweckmäßigerweise am offenen Rohr- d₁ _should be increased on the open pipe - d ₁ _

ende ein Rohrstück mit sich verengendem Querschnitt ~~^ ,0 ... ,end of a pipe section with a narrowing cross-section ~~ ^ , 0 ...,

angeordnet.arranged.

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung ist an Hand eines in 55 beträgt.The subject matter of the invention is based on a figure 55.

der Zeichnung dargestellten und nachfolgend beschrie- Selbstverständlich kann an Stelle der radialen Leit-of the drawing and described below - Of course, instead of the radial guide

benen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläu- schaufeln 13 eine gleichwertige Leitspirale verwendet tert. Es zeigt werden.In this preferred exemplary embodiment, an equivalent guide spiral is used to explain in more detail 13 tert. It shows to be.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

1 2 depends, as well as a mixing device for performing claims: the method. Such a mixing process or a corresponding

1. Method for mixing gas or steam suitable mixing device can in particular for the shaped or similar substances in a rotational mixture of gases for subsequent chemical symmetrical, in the main flow direction, or thermal reactions can be used. Expanding here or in the limit cylindrical, one at it can be z. B. to the mixture of chlorine and laterally closed mixing chamber, in which remote gas act to the contained in the remote gas to be able to oxidize to HCL by introducing the substance close to the wall with the hydrogen gas. It can proportionately larger amount of the completed io also contains a mixture of chlorine and carbon monoxide At the end of a twist a main wall close to the wall can be made, this mixture in one flow towards the open end of the subsequent catalyst to phosgene (COCL) Mixing chamber closed and one responded by direction. To give another example, reversal of part of the main flow at the more open. you can also use oxygen or sulfur dioxide Axial return air formed at the end of the mixing chamber mix at medium temperatures, the flow are generated, the flow mixture in a subsequent catalyst to Bild does not depend on the Reynolds number, because a-sulfur trioxide for the purpose of obtaining sulfuric acid characterized in that the substance reacts.

It is known that flow patterns that are not of

closed end in the range of the flow 20 the Reynolds number are determined by the throughput reversal of the axial return flow in this speed and material properties are independent is directed. are, provided a minimum Reynolds number is sufficient

2. Mixing device for carrying out the expansion remains exceeded.

Fahrens according to claim 1, consisting of a flow apparatus, which stream images of the

generate rotationally symmetrical, in the main flow type mentioned at the beginning, do not deviate from direction expanding or in the limit cylindrical Reynolds number depend, are known in principle, see, unilaterally closed pipe section, for example, runs in one from the German the device known at the closed end of the inlet openings Auslegeschrift 1 035 306 with swirl-generating guide devices for the one with swirl in a hollow cone at its smallest Substance proportionately larger amount arranged 30 diameter supplied flow are initially steep, characterized in that this entry is benign along the inner cone wall Openings in the jacket surface of the pipe section up to the exit cross-section, where part of the flow are ordered and the entry opening (18) for the radially inward reverses and up to the entry transverse fabric proportionally smaller amount than axial section along the axis of the hollow cone, more symmetrical back Annular gap or axially symmetrical 35 flows. Here the return flow turns radially out of the ring of openings in which the pipe piece on each other and strives back together with the wall-enclosed The end wall delimiting the end converges throughput flow to the outlet. They don't is formed, the mean diameter of the circulating flow parts leaving the mixing annular gap or wreath about 0.6 to 0.8 times the chamber at the largest cross-section. With this Vorrichdes Pipe diameter at this end is. 40 the addition of the to be mixed takes place

3. Mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in the substance centrally in the return flow. It has, however characterized in that the diameter of the pipe is shown to be obtained with such a mixing process Piece at the closed end about 1.5 to not completely evenly mixing, 8 times, the diameter at the open end 3 to can be aimed and the differences in concentration at the 3.6 times and the length of the pipe section fluctuate 5 to 7 times 45 outlet end by several percent, is greater than the axial length of the working surface in the jacket with a different flow pattern arranged inlet openings. tenden from German patent specification 1 457 146

4. Mixing device according to claim 2 or 3, known mixing device, the main air flow occurs characterized in that at the open end of the tube in the axial direction into the mixing chamber, the zuein Pipe piece with a narrowing cross-section 5 ° leading gas is centrally from the opposite is arranged. Side fed and the mixed product withdrawn radially. Thereby occurs at the outlet opening

■ Sharp edge formed a stall that

the mixing improves.

55 The one known from US Pat. No. 3,185,448

The invention relates to a method for the th mixing device is based on a regular out-mixing of gaseous or vaporous or similarly shaped flow pattern of a vortex torus, substances in a rotationally symmetrical, in the main, which is known to expand very strongly from the Reynolds number outflow direction or in Borderline case depends. This flow pattern is generated by means of a single-cylinder, unilaterally closed mixing chamber, ^{6o spray} nozzle, while the second component in which by introducing the substance close to the wall with through feed openings around the outlet mouth of the proportionally larger amount at the closed around the central return flow of the vortex torus end with a swirl close to the wall Main flow is supplied. These known Mischeinrichin obligations towards the open end of the mixing chamber are not able to ensure complete mixing and a reverse direction by a portion of the ⁶ S, in particular of a consistently high quality mixture main flow at the open end of the mixing chamber.

formed axial return flow are generated, the invention is based on the object of a

the flow pattern does not depend on the Reynolds number mixing method and one for carrying out this